Name: ____________________________

Section: ____________________________
Date: ____________________________

Cell Cycle Basics

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Two types of cells found in sexually reproducing organisms are:

o _____________________________________________________________________________
_
o _____________________________________________________________________________
_

Each of these types of cells has a different function and therefore needs to divide for different reasons
o Three reasons why somatic cells need to divide:

_______________________________________________________________________
_

_______________________________________________________________________
_

_______________________________________________________________________
_

o One reason why germ cells need to divide:

_______________________________________________________________________
_

Because each of these cells divides for a different reason, it uses a different process to divide:
o _____________________________________________________________________________
_
o _____________________________________________________________________________
_

No matter is a cell is dividing by MITOSIS or MEIOSIS it goes through INTERPHASE beforehand.

o Interphase is the longest part of the cell cycle and is broken up into 3 stages:

_______________________________________________________________________
_
_______________________________________________________________________
_

_______________________________________________________________________
_
_______________________________________________________________________
_

_______________________________________________________________________
_
_______________________________________________________________________
_

The basics of MITOSIS:

o Kind of cell that carries out mitosis: ________________________________________________

o Characteristics of the parent cell: ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_
o Number of daughter cells formed: __________________________________________________
o Characteristics of daughter cells formed: ____________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
__

o Examples of mitosis:

Cats have 38 chromosomes, body cells of cats carry out mitosis as follows:

Chickens have 78 chromosomes, body cell of chickens carry out mitosis as follows:

The basics of MEIOSIS:

o Kind of cell that carries out meiosis: ________________________________________________
o Characteristics of the parent cell: ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_
o Number of daughter cells formed: __________________________________________________
o Characteristics of daughter cells formed: ____________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_
o Examples of meiosiss

Cats have 38 chromosomes, sex cells of cats carry out meiosis as follows:

Chickens have 78 chromosomes, sex cell of chickens carry out meiosis as follows:

Cell Cycle Basics

-

Two types of cells found in sexually reproducing organisms are:

o Somatic cells (Body cells)
o Germ cells (Sex cells)

Each of these types of cells has a different function and therefore needs to divide for different reasons
o Three reasons why somatic cells need to divide:

To allow an organism to grow

To replace dead cells

To replace and heal damaged cells

o One reason why germ cells need to divide:

To allow an organism to reproduce

Because each of these cells divides for a different reason, it uses a different process to divide:
o Mitosis
o Meiosis

No matter is a cell is dividing by MITOSIS or MEIOSIS it goes through INTERPHASE beforehand.

o Interphase is the longest part of the cell cycle and is broken up into 3 stages:
G1: Growth 1: The cell grows and produces new organelles.
S: Synthesis: DNA replicates (makes a copy of itself)
G2: Growth 2: The cell continues to grow and checks itself to make sure everything has been
copied correctly before continuing to mitosis.

The basics of MITOSIS:

o Kind of cell that carries out mitosis: Somatic cell (Body cell)
o Characteristics of the parent cell: The process starts with 1 cell with the normal number of
chromosomes (ex: 46 in humans, 60 in buffalo)
o Number of daughter cells formed: 2

o Characteristics of daughter cells formed: Each cell is an exact copy of the parent cell (same
number of chromosomes and same combination of DNA)

o Examples of mitosis:

Cats have 38 chromosomes, body cells of cats carry out mitosis as follows:

Interphase
76

38

Mitosis

38

38

Chickens have 78 chromosomes, body cell of chickens carry out mitosis as follows:

Interphase
78

156

Mitosis

78

78

The basics of MEIOSIS:

o Kind of cell that carries out meiosis: Germ cell (Sex cell)
o Characteristics of the parent cell: The process starts with 1 cell with the normal number of
chromosomes (ex: 46 in humans, 60 in buffalo)
o Number of daughter cells formed: 4
o Characteristics
of daughter cells formed: Each daughter cell has the number of chromosomes
Interphase
38 as the parent cell and has a different genetic
76
combination.
o Examples of meiosis

Cats have 38 chromosomes, sex cells of cats carry out meiosis as follows:

Meiosis I

38

38

Meiosis II

19
19

19

19

Chickens have 78 chromosomes, sex cell of chickens carry out meiosis as follows:
Interphase

78

15
6

Meiosis I

78

78

Meiosis II

39
39

39

39