Acetic Acid Acetone Acetonitrile Benzene Butanol Carbon tetrachloride Chloroform Cyclohexane 1,2- Dichloroethane Dichloromethane Dimethyl formamide

Dimethylsulfoxide Dioxane Ethanol Ethyl acetate Ethyl ether Heptane Hexane Isopropyl alcohol Methanol Methyl-t-butyl ether Methyl ethyl ketone Pentane Tetrahydrafuran Toluene Water Xylene
Ethyl acetate Dimethylsulfoxide Isopropyl alcohol Dimethyl formamide Cyclohexane Tetrahydrafuran Methyl-t-butyl ether 1,2- Dichloroethane Dichloromethane Carbon tetrachloride Methyl ethyl ketone Acetonitrile Chloroform Acetic Acid Ethyl ether Methanol Benzene Heptane Acetone Xylene Pentane Hexane Dioxane Ethanol Toluene Butanol Water

Polarity Index1 Viscosity (cP) 6.2 1.26 5.1 0.32 5.8 0.37 2.7 0.65 4.0 0.73 1.6 0.97 4.1 0.57 0.2 1.00 3.5 0.79 3.1 0.44 6.4 0.92 7.2 2.00 4.8 1.54 5.2 1.20 4.4 0.45 2.8 0.32 0.0 0.39 0.0 0.33 3.9 2.30 5.1 0.60 2.5 0.27 4.7 0.45 0.0 0.23 4.0 0.55 2.4 0.59 9.0 1.00 2.5 0.61
1

UV (nm) Cutoff2 230 330 190 280 254 263 245 200 225 235 268 268 215 210 260 220 200 200 210 205 210 329 200 215 285 200 290

Solubility in Water (%) 100 100 100 0.18 0.43 0.08 0.815 0.01 0.81 1.6 100 100 100 100 8.7 6.89 0.0003 0.001 100 100 4.8 24 0.0004 100 0.051 100 0.018

Miscibile Immiscible

The polarity index is a measure of the relative polarity of a solvent and is useful for identifying suitable mobile phase solvents. The polarity index increases with polarity. For reverse phase chromatography eluent strength decreases as its polarity increases
2 UV

cutoff, the wavelength at which the solvent absorbance in a 1 cm path length cell is equal to 1 AU (absorbance unit) using water in the reference cell.

Solvent Polarity Chart

Relative Polarity Non-polar Formula R-H Ar-H R-O-R R-X R-COOR Group Alkanes Aromatics Ethers Alkyl halides Esters Aldehydes and ketones Amines Alcohols Solvents Petroleum ethers, hexanes, ligroin Toluene Diethyl ether Tricholoromethane, chloroform Ethyl acetate Acetone, MEK Pyridine, triethylamine MeOH, EtOH, IPA, Butanol Dimethyformamide Ethanoic Acid

Solvent Miscibility and Viscosity Chart adapted from Paul Sadek The HPLC Solvent Guide Wiley-Interscience, 2002.

Mobile phases, stationary phase, analyte and samples must be compatible

R-CO-R R-NH2 R-OH

Polar

R-COHN2 Amides R-COOH Carboxylic Acid H-O-H Water