Irregular Verbs

Idioma Inglés Verbos irregulares Contenidos ENATLAS.
org
ENATLAS.ORG ( beta )
infinitive – simple past pronunciación past participle pronunciación Significado / Phrasal verbs
A abide – abode ə'baɪd – ə'boʊd abiden ə' baɪdən tolerar, soportar

arise – arose ə'raɪz - ə'roʊz arisen ə'raɪzən levantarse; (aparecer) surgir, presentarse
awake - awoke, awoken,
ə'weɪk - ə'woʊk ə'woʊkən despertarse
awakened awakened
be – bi: –
B aux been bin ser; estar
was / were (guoz/ güɜ:)
bear - bore ber - bᴐr borne, born bᴐrn aguantar, soportar (dolor, duda) / bear out; bear up; bear with
golpear; sacudir (alfombra); pegar (a una persona); batir (récord)
beat – beat bi:t – bi:t beaten 'bi:tn
beat down; beat up (dar una paliza)
become – bɪ 'kʌm -
► become bɪ 'kʌm llegar a ser, convertirse en / become of
became bɪ 'keɪm
► begin – began bɪ 'gɪn - bɪ 'gæn begun bɪ 'gʌn comenzar
bend – bent bend - bent bent bent doblar / bend down; (agacharse) bend over (inclinarse)
bet - bet, betted bet - bet bet, betted bet apostar
bid - bid, bade bɪd - bɪd bid, bidden bɪd pujar (en subasta); [to bid sb farewell) decir adiós a alguien
bind – bound baɪnd - baʊnd bound baʊnd atar; envolver; (libro) encuadernar
bite – bit baɪt - bɪt bitten 'bɪtn morder
bleed – bled bli:d - bled bled bled sangrar
soplar; (dinero) despilfarrar; [to blow sb nose] sonarse
blow – blew blou – blu: blown bloun blow down (tirar abajo); blow out (apagar); blow over (pasar – una tormenta;
caer en el olvido); blow up (saltar por los aires)
romper(se); infringir (normas); incumplir
break away (desprenderse <de algo>); break down (estropearse, averiarse,
► break – broke breik – brouk broken 'broukən fallar), (desglosar, descomponer); break in (entrar un intruso);break out
(estallar <una protesta, guerra, epidemia>); break through (atravesar); break
up (dividir, desguazar, descomponer, separarse <pareja>; terminar < reunión>)
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Idioma Inglés Verbos irregulares Contenidos ENATLAS.org
breed – bred brid – bre bred bred engendrar; reproducirse

traer / bring about; bring along; bring back; bring down (reducir); bring
► bring – brought brɪŋ - brɔ:t brough brɔ:t forward; bring off (conseguir); bring on (provocar); bring out (publicar); bring
up (sacar un tema; criar; vomitar)
► build – built bɪld - bɪlt built bɪlt construir / build up (fortalecer, acumular, acrecentar)
burn - burnt, bɜ:rn - bɜ:rnt, burnt, bɜ:rnt,
quemar / burn down (arder, quemarse)
burned bɜ:rnd burned bɜ:rnd
reventar (una rueda, una tubería, …) / burst ino tears (ponerse a llorar); burst
burst – burst bɜ:rst - bɜ:rst burst bɜ:rst
into song (ponerse a cantar); burst into flames (estallar en llamas)
bust - bust, bust,
bʌst – bʌst bʌst arrestar; hacer una redada
busted busted
► buy – bought baɪ - bɔ:t bought bɔ:t comprar / buy off (sobornar); buy up (comprarlo todo)
C mod can – could kan – kud could kud poder

agarrar; atrapar; coger (autobus, …); pillar
► catch – caught kætʃ - kɔ:t caught kɔ:t catch on (ponerse de moda); catch out (pillar); catch up (ponerse al día,
alcanzar), (quedar atrapado, enganchado)
► choose – chose tʃu:z - tʃouz chosen 'tʃouzən elegir, escoger
venir / come across (encontrarse con); come along (venga); come around;
come away; come back (volver); come down (bajar, aterrizar); come
► come – came kʌm – keɪm come kʌm forward (presentarse); come in (entrar); come off (desprender, despegar);
come on (encenderse <luz>; come out (salir); come over; come around;
come up (subir)
► cost – cost kɒst – kɒst cost kɒst costar
cortar / cut across; cut back (podar; recortar <gastos>); cut down (talar); cut
► cut – cut kʌt - kʌt cut kʌt
in (interrumpir); cut off (aislar; cortar la corriente)
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tratar; negociar; ocuparse de / deal in; deal out (repartir, distribuir) deal with
D ► deal – dealt di:l - delt dealt delt
(ocuparse <de algo>; negociar <con alguien>)
dig – dug dɪg – dʌg dug dʌg cavar; excavar; escarbar / dig up (levantar; desenterrar; sacar a la luz)
hacer
aux do – did du: - dɪd done dʌn do away with; do up (abrochar; envolver; arreglar); nothing to do with (nada
que ver con); do without (prescindir de)
dibujar; tirar de / draw back (retirarse, retroceder), draw in (involucrarse, dar
► draw – drew drɔ: - dru: drawn drɔ:n
participación); draw on (recurrir a, hacer uso de), draw out; draw up
dream – dreamt, dri:m – dreamt, dremt,
► soñar / dream up (idear)
dreamed dremt, dri:md dreamed dri:md
► drink – drank drɪŋk – dræŋk drunk drʌŋk beber / drink up (tomárselo todo)
► drive – drove draɪv - drouv driven 'drɪvən conducir / drive out (expulsar)
comer / eat away; eat into, eat up (terminar de comer; comérselo todo; gastar,
E ► eat - ate i:t - eɪt, et eaten 'i:tn
consumir)
caer / fall apart (caerse a pedazos; irse a pieque); fall back; fall behind
(quedarse atrás, rezagarse); fall down (caerse, venirse abajo); fall for
F ► fall - fell fɔ:l – fel fallen 'fɔ:lən
(enamorarse), fall in; fall off (caerse – de un vehículo); fall out (pellearse);
fall over; fall through
► feed - fed fi:d – fed fed fed dar de comer, alimentar
► feell - felt fi:l – felt felt felt sentirse(se); tocar
► fight - fought faɪt - fɔ:t fought fɔ:t luchar / fight back (defenderse); fight off (combatir, rechazar); fight out
► find - found faɪnd - faʊnd found faʊnd encontrar / find out (descubrir, averigüar)
► fly - flew flaɪ – flu: flown floun volar
► forget – forgot fər 'get - fər 'gɒt forgotten fər 'gɒtn olvidar
forgive – fər 'gɪv -
► forgiven fər 'gɪvən perdonar
forgave fər 'geɪv
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► freeze - froze fri:z – frouz frozen 'frouzən helar(se); congelar / freeze over; freeze up
coger; conseguir / get across (hacerse entender; atravesar, cruzar

<obstáculo>; get ahead (adelantar, progresar); get along (arreglárselas;
llevarse bien); get around (caminar, andar; desplazarse; evitar <obstáculo>;
eludir <compromiso>; engatusar); get at (criticar, meterse con <alguien>); get
away (escaparse; salir; irse <de vacaciones>); get back (regresar), get
behind (rezagarse, quedarse atrás); get by (arreglárselas); get down (bajar,
agacharse; deprimir), get in (entrar; llegar; salir elegido); get into (entrar en;
llegar; ponerse <ropa>); get off (bajarse <de un vehículo>; salir; librarse;
G ► get – got get - gɒt got gɒt quitar <mancha, polvo>); get on (seguir adelante; tener éxito; llevarse bien;
hacerse tarde; subirse <a un vehículo>; ponerse <ropa>); get onto (ponerse
en contacto con; empezar a hablar de; subirse a, montarse a <vehículo>); get
out (bajarse <vehículo>; salir de <baño, cama, ...>; quitar, sacar <mancha,
polvo>; sacar <cuchillo, dinero, libro, ...>; echar <inquilino>); get out of; get
over (pasar por encima, cruzar, atrevesar, superar <obstáculo>; reponerse
<de una enfermedad, disgusto, ...>; comunicar); get past; get through; get
together (quedar, reunirse, juntarse); get up (subir <vehículo>; levantarse <de
la cama>; ponerse de pie); ...
dar / give away (regalar; revelar), give back (devolver), give in (ceder,
► give – gave gɪv - geɪv given 'gɪvən rendirse); give off; give out (repartir, distribuir, dar); give up (abandonar);
give up smoking (dejar de fumar)
ir / go about; go after; go against; go ahead; go along; go around; go away
gone / (irse); go back (volver), go by; go down (caer, hundirse); go for; go in; go
► go – went (gәʊ – güent) gɒn / bi:n
been into; go off (echarse a perder; estallar <bomba>; sonar <alarma>); go on; go
out; go over; go past (pasar); go though; go under; go up (subir), ...
crecer; cultivar / grow into (convertirse en); grow on; grow out of; grow up
► grow – grew grou – gru: grown groun
(madurar)
colgar / hang around (esperar; quedarse); hang on (esperar; resistir); hang

H ► hang – hung (jæŋ - jʌŋ) hung (jʌŋ )
out; hang up (colgar <una llamada>)
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aux have – had (jæv - jæd) had (jæd ) tener / have back; have on; have out
► hear – heard (jɪər - jɜ:rd) heard (jɜ:rd) oír / hear of
► hide – hid (jaɪd – jɪd) hidden '(jɪdn) esconder(se) / hide away (esconderse)
► hit – hit (jɪt - jɪt) hit (jɪt) pegar / hit back (devolver el golpe); hit on; hit out
sostener / hold against; hold back (retrasar); hold down (sujetar,
inmovilizar); hold in; hold off (resistir); hold out (ofrecer); hold over
► hold – held (jould – jeld) held (jeld)
(aplazar); hold together; hold up (sostener; atracar; retrasar); hold with
(estar de acuerdo con)
► hurt – hurt (jɜ:rt - jɜ:rt) hurt (jɜ:rt) doler; herir
mantener; guardar / keep away (mantenerse lejos); keep back (mantenerse

alejado); keep down (mantener bajo <la voz, etc>); keep from (evitar); keep
K ► keep – kept ki:p – kept kept kept
in; keep off (mantenerse fuera de); keep on (seguir), keep out of
(mantenerse fuera de); keep up (continuar)
► know – knew nou – nu: known noun saber; conocer
colocar; poner / lay down (dejar a un lado); lay off (despedir – empleo); lay
L ► lay – laid leɪ – leɪd laid leɪd
on; lay out
► lead li:d – led led led guiar / lead on
learn – learnt, lɜ:rn – lɜ:rnt, learnt, lɜ:rnt,
► aprender
learned lɜ:rnd learned lɜ:rn d
salir; dejar (un lugar) / leave behind (dejar atrás; olvidarse de); leave on
► leave – left li:v – left left left (dejar encendido; dejar puesto), leave out (omitir, excluir, dejar fuera); leave
over
► lend – lent lend – lent lent lent prestar
dejar, permitir / let down (deceptionar); let in (dejar entrar); let off (perdonar;
► let – let let – let let let
dejar salir); let on; let out; let up (amainar; disminuir <presión>)
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light – lit,
lit, lighted encender; iluminar
lighted
► lie – lay laɪ - leɪ lain leɪn mentir / lie down (echarse, tenderse a descansar)
► lose – lost lu:z - lɒst lost lɒst perder
hacer, producir / make for (dirigirse hacia; contribuir a); make out (entender);
M ► make – made meɪk – meɪd made meɪd
make up (inventar <historias, excusas>; preparar; completar; formar)
► mean – meant mi:n – ment meant ment significar; tener la intención de
► meet – met mi:t – met met met encontrarse; conocerse
pagar / pay back (devolver, pagar); pay in (depositar, ingresar); pay off
P ► pay – paid peɪ – peɪd paid peɪd
(cancelar, saldar, resultar); pay out (pagar), pay up (pagarlo todo)
poner / put about; put across (comunicar mensaje); put aside (dejar a un
lado); put away (guardar <ropa, herramientas>); zamparse la comida;
encerrar a alguien); put back (poner algo de vuelta a su sitio; atrasar, aplazar,
posponer); put by (ahorrar); put down (dejar; colgar el teléfono; bajar;
► put – put pʊt - pʊt put pʊt
sofocar; anotar, escribir; entregar; rebajar); put forward (presentar; proponer;
adelantar <relojes, reunión>); put in (instalar); put off (posponer; apagar las
luces); put on (ponerse <prendas de vestir>; encender – un aparato
eléctrico); put out; put over; put past; put through; put together; put up
R ► read – read ri:d - red read red leer

► ride – rode raɪd – roud ridden 'rɪdn montar (a caballo, en bicicleta, ...)
► ring – rang rɪŋ - ræn rung rʌn sonar; llamar
► rise – rose raɪz – rouz risen 'rɪzən subir; salir (al sol)
correr / run about; run across; run after; run along; run around; run away
(fugarse), run down (atropellar; descargarse <batería>); run in; run into
► run – ran rʌn - ræn run rʌn
(chocar <vehículo>); run off (salir corriendo), run out (acabarse, quedarse sin
algo; caducar); run over (atropellar; repasar; ensayar); run through; run up
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S ► say – said seɪ – sed said sed decir

► see – saw si: - sɔ: seen si:n ver
► sell – sold sel – sould sold sould vender / sell off (vender); sell out (agotar <las existencias>)
enviar / send away (despachar); send for (mandar a buscar); send in (enviar;
hacer pasar); send off (mandar; despachar; expulsar); send on (enviar o
► send – sent send – sent sent sent
mandar por adelantado); send out (emitir; enviar), send up (Br. Parodiar; US.
meter preso); ...
poner; ponerse (el sol) / set about (emprender; acometer; ponerse a; atacar);
set apart (distinguir); set aside (guardar, apartar, dejar – en el tiempo;
prescindir de); set back (retrasar, atrasar – el reloj); set in (declararse –
infección); set off (salir <de viaje>; hacer explotar; hacer sonar <alarma>;
► set – set set – set set set
lanzar, tirar <fuegos artificiales>; set out (salir <de viaje>; exponer
<argumento, teoría>; colocar <piezas de ajedrez>); set to (ponerse a trabajar),
set up (levantar <monumento>; montar <una maquinaria, un decorado, un
negocio, una trampa, …>; ...
agitar; sacudir, temblar / shake off (quitarse de encima <hábito>; deshacerse

► shake – shook ʃeɪk - ʃʊk shaken 'ʃeɪkən
de); shake up (agitar totalmente; reorganizar totalmente)
ʃəl, acentuado ʃæl
mod shall – should should ʃʊd
- ʃəd, acentuado ʃʊd
► shine – shone ʃaɪn - ʃoun, ʃɒn shone ʃoun, ʃɒn brillar
disparar; chutar / shoot down (derribar, abatir); shoot out (salir disparado);
► shoot – shot ʃu:t - ʃɒt shot ʃɒt shoot up (crecer mucho; dispararse <precios, temperatura>; alzarse
<llamas>)
mostrar / show off (lucirse, presumir de, hacer resaltar), show up (poner de
► show – showed ʃou – ʃoud shown ʃoun
manifiesto <error, decepción>; hacer quedar mal; notarse; aparecer <llegar>)
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cerrar / shut down (cerrar <negocio>; apagar <maquinaria>); shut in

(encerrar); shut off (cortar <agua, electricidad>; apagar <motor>; aislar); shut
► shut – shut ʃʌt - ʃʌt shut ʃʌt
out (dejar fuera; no dejar entrar); shut up (cerrar <casa, oficina>; encerrar
<perro>; hacer callar)
► sing – sang sɪŋ - sæŋ sung sʌŋ cantar / sing along with sb (cantar con alguien)
sink – sank sɪŋk - sæŋk sunk sʌŋk
sentarse / sit around (pasarse el día); sit back (recostarse); sit down
► sit – sat sɪt - sæt sat sæt (sentarse), sit in (asistir); sit out (aguantar; no participar <baile, juego, ...>; sit
up (incorporarse, ponerse derecho, enderezarse)
dormir / sleep around (acostarse con cualquier); sleep in (dormir hasta tarde;
► sleep – slept sli:p - slept slept slept vivir en, quedarse a dormir); sleep on (consultar con la almohada); sleep
through («seguir dormido»); ...
smell – smelt, smel – smelt, smelt, smelt ,
► olear; husmear
smelled smeled smelled smeled
hablar / speak for (hablar por); speak out (denunciar algo); speak up (hablar
► speak – spoke spi:k - spouk spoken 'spoukən
más fuerte o más alto; decir lo que se piensa; defender a alguien)
spell – spelt, spel – spelt, spelt, spelt,
► deletrear / spell out (deletrear)
spelled speld spelled speld
► spend – spent spend – spent spent spent gastar; pasar tiempo
spill - spilt,
► spɪl - spɪlt, spɪld spilt, spilled spɪlt, spɪld derramar, verter / spill over (desbordarse; rebosar; extender <conflicto>)
spilled
► spit – spit, spat spɪt – spɪt, spæt spit, spat spɪt, spæt escupir; chisporrotear <fuego> / spit out (escupir)
partir, dividir / split away, split off (escindirse o separarse de algo); split up
► split – split splɪt - splɪt split splɪt
(separarse <grupo, pareja>; dispersarse <multitud>)
spoil – spoilt, spoɪl - spoɪlt, spoilt, spoɪlt,
► echar a perder, estropear; consentir, malcriar
spoiled spoɪld spoiled spoɪld
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estar (de pie) / stand back (apartarse); stand by (mantenerse al margen;

estar en estado de alerta; mantener <promesa>; atenerse <decisión>; apoyar
<amistad>); stand down (retirarse <de una posición>); stand for (significar;
► stand – stood stænd - stʊd stood stʊd
consentir); stand in (sustituir <a alguien>); stand out (sobresalir, destacar,
resaltar); stand up (ponerse de pie, levantarse; resistir, soportar); stand up
for (defender)
► steal – stole sti:l – stoul stolen 'stoulən robar
stick – stuck stɪk – stʌk stuck stʌk pegar; adherir
golpear / strike back (contraatacar); strick down (abatir); strick off (tachar
► strike – struck straɪk - strʌk struck strʌk <borrar>; descapacitar); strike out (arremeter, tachar); strike up (entablar
<conversación, amistad>; empezar a tocar <tono musical>)
► swim – swam swɪm - swæm swum swʌm nadar
tomar / take aback; take after (parecerse a, salir a); take along (llevar); take
apart (desmontar, desbaratar); take around (mostrar, enseñar), take aside
(llevar aparte o a un lado); take away (llevar; llevarse; quitar); take back
(devolver, recuperar; retirar); take down (quitar, desmontar, apuntar, anotar);
take in (meter; recoger; alojar; asimilar; engañar; incluir, abarcar; visitar); take
off (quitar, sacar; cortar; descontar; despegar <avión>; largarse, irse); take on
T ► take – took teɪk - tʊk taken 'teɪkən
(contratar, tomar; encargarse de, hacerse cargo de; asumir <responsabilidad>;
enfrentarse a; adoptar <expresión>; adquirir <apariencia>); take out (sacar;
eliminar); take out on sb (desquitarse con alguien), take over (asumir el
poder; sustituir; relevar; hacerse cargo de; absorber <empresa>); take to; take
up (tomar; recoger; levantar; reanudar <conversación>; tratar <asunto>; volver
a; …); take up on (tomar la palabra; discrepar); ...
► teach – taught ti:tʃ - tɔ:t taught tɔ:t enseñar
tear – tore teər - tɔr torn tɔrn romper; rasgar
► tell – told tel – tould told tould decir; contar / tell apart (distinguir); tell off (regañar, reñir)
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pensar / think ahead (prever); think back (recordar, hacer memoria); think
► think - thought θɪŋk - θɔ:t thought θɔ:t out (pensar o planear cuidadosamente); think over (pensar); think through
(planear detenidamente, considerar detenidamente); think up (inventar; idear)
arrojar / throw away (tirar, botar a la basura; malgastar); throw back (devolver
<pelota>; descorrer <cortinas>; destapar); throw off (quitarse <sombrero,
chaqueta>; quitarse <hábito>; despistar); throw out (tirar, botar a la basura);
► throw – threw θrou - θru: thrown θroun
rechazar <propuesta>; echar <a alguien>); throw together (improvisar); throw
up (levantar o alzar <las manos>; revelar <la existencia de>; devolver
<vomitar>)
understand – ʌndər 'stænd -

U ► understood ʌndər 'stʊd entender, comprender
understood ʌndər 'stʊd
W ► wake – woke weɪk - wouk woken 'woukən despertar / wake up (despertar; espabilar; prestar atención)
llevar puesto / wear away (desgastar; borrar; borrarse); wear down (gastar;
menoscabar; agotar <alguien>; wear off (quitarse <pintura>; pasarse); wear
► wear – wore weər - wɔr worn wɔrn
on (pasar lentamente <tiempo, estación>); wear out (gastar, agotar
<alguien>); wear through (agujerearse <ropa>)
► win – won win - wʌn won w ʌn ganar / win over, win round (conquistarse a)
escribir / write back (contestar por escrito); write down (anotar); write off
(declarar siniestro total <vehículo>; destrozar; dar por perdido; cancelar); write
► write – wrote raɪt – rout written 'rɪtn
out (escribir; hacer, extender <recibo, cheque>); write up (pasar a limpio;
redactar un informe <experimento>)
aux Verbos auxiliares: TO BE, TO DO, TO HAVE mod Verbos modales: can/could, may/might, must, will/would, shall/should, ought, dare, need ► Más frecuentes
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ENATLAS.ORG ( beta ) pg. 10 / 11 ENATLAS.org
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Observar similitudes
Puede servir de ayuda agrupar los verbos irregulares por sus elementos comunes: una rima igual en sonido, o conservar las tres formas sin
cambios, o sólo las dos últimas, ...
pay – paid – paid

build – built – built read – red – red
bet – bet – bet burn – burnt – burnt say – said – said
give – gave – given
arise – arose – arisen bid – bid – bid can – could – could sell – sould – sould
freeze – froze – frozen
awake – awoke – awoken burst - burst - burst dig – dug – dug shine – shone - shone
hide – hid – hidden
break – broke – broken cost – cost – cost find – found – found shoot – shot – shot
ride – rode – ridden
bite – bit - bitten cut – cut – cut get – got – got sit – sat – sat
rise – rose – risen
choose – chose – chosen hit – hit - hit hang – hung - hung spill – spilt – spilt
shake – shook – shaken
drive – drove – driven hurt – hurt – hurt have – had – had spoil – spoilt – spoilt
speak – spoke – spoken
eat – ate – eaten let – let – let hear – heard - heard stand – stood – stood
steal – stole - stolen
fall – fell - fallen put – put – put hold – held – held stick – stuck - stuck
take – took – taken
forgive – forgave – forgiven set – set – set lay – laid – laid strike – struck – struck
wake – woke – woken
forget – forgot - forgotten shut – shut – shut lead – led – led tell – told – told
write – wrote - written
split – split – split lend – lent – lent understand – undertood – understood
lose – lost - lost win – won – won
blow – blew – blown

deal – dealt – dealt
draw – drew - drawn begin – began – begun bring – brought – brought
dream – dreamt – dreamt send – sent – sent
fly – flew – flown drink – drank – drunk buy – bought – bought
keep – kept – kept smell – smelt – smelt
grow – grew – grown ring – rung – rung catch – caught – caught
learn – learnt – learnt sleep – slept – slept
know – knew – known sing – sang – sung teach – taught – taught
leave – left – left spell – spelt – spelt
show – showed - shown sink – sank - sunk think – thought - thought
mean – meant – meant spend – spent - spent
throw – threw – thrown swim – swam - swum
meet – met - met
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Idioma Inglés Verbos irregulares Contenidos ENATLAS.

A abide – abode ə'baɪd – ə'boʊd abiden ə' baɪdən tolerar, soportar

breed – bred brid – bre bred bred engendrar; reproducirse

C mod can – could kan – kud could kud poder

coger; conseguir / get across (hacerse entender; atravesar, cruzar

colgar / hang around (esperar; quedarse); hang on (esperar; resistir); hang

mantener; guardar / keep away (mantenerse lejos); keep back (mantenerse

R ► read – read ri:d - red read red leer

S ► say – said seɪ – sed said sed decir

agitar; sacudir, temblar / shake off (quitarse de encima <hábito>; deshacerse

cerrar / shut down (cerrar <negocio>; apagar <maquinaria>); shut in

estar (de pie) / stand back (apartarse); stand by (mantenerse al margen;

understand – ʌndər 'stænd -

pay – paid – paid

blow – blew – blown

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