March 18th, 2013

CW 8.3: Events of WWI

Page 1

Do First: Quiz 8.1 List and describe the causes of WWI (Note: you did this in class on Friday and for homework over the break)

Objective (1 minute): SWBAT to analyze primary and secondary sources in order to synthesize the events of WWI SWBAT compare and contrast perceptions of WWI before the war with the reality of trench warfare Mastery: In order to master this lesson, you will need to: 1. Complete an exit ticket describing events of WWI 2. Write a thesis on the following prompt:

Compare and contrast perceptions of WWI with the reality of trench warfare
Essential Unit Questions: Agenda (1 minute) Do First (5 minutes) Lesson Overview (1 minute) Key Ideas (6 minutes) Reading: Germany and France (7 minutes) Reading: The Course of the War (10 minutes) Overview: Events of WWI (2 minutes) Unit Essential Question Discussion (7 minutes) Thesis Writing (5 minutes) Exit Ticket (3 minutes) 1. What is the purpose of war? 2. Is technological advancement used for the purpose of warfare good

Key Ideas (6 minutes)

1.________

2.________

3.________

4._________

1. World War I began because of multiple complex causes, which can be summed up in the acronym MANIA (see previous lesson) 2. After WWI began, Germany (of the Central Powers) and France (of the Entente or Allied powers) took a primary role in the fighting 3. Before the war, most Europeans believed the war would be over quickly and would present an opportunity for glory. However, the reality of the war was much different. It quickly led to a stalemate along the Western Front, where both sides built trenches and many people died.

4. Fighting also took place along the eastern front, but due to high casualties the Russians took (fighting with the Entente or Allied powers), a revolution began in that country, pulling Russia from the war. 5. In 1917, the United States entered the war, giving new morale to the Allied powers and in 1918, Germany and the Central powers surrendered. The war officially ended with the signing of the Treaty of Versailles (a city in Franc near Paris).

March 18th, 2013

CW 8.3: Events of WWI

Page 2

Part I: Germany and France in WWI (7 minutes)

5.________

6.________

Although many countries participated in WWI, two of the major actors were France and Germany. These two countries played primary roles in the war, with the support of the other countries in their alliances.
The Plans of Germany and France

Both sides had plans for a quick victory. At the start of the Great War, crowds cheered in the streets. They dreamed of glory and victory and nobody believed that the conflict would turn into the bloodiest war of all times. Nobody imagined that it would last five years. Germany's planknown as the Schlieffen Plan, originated by Alfred von Schlieffencalled for their army to push through neutral Belgium toward Paris, France. After knocking out the French, the Germans expected to move against Russia. They anticipated that Great Britain would enter the war against them. However, the Germans didn't think that Britain's small volunteer army would pose a great threat. France knew about the Schlieffen Plan. They intended to surprise Germany with a huge thrust into Alsace and Lorraine. Then, they would move into Berlin, Germany. 1. Based on the above text, what role did Germany and France play in World War I? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Using the text above and the map to the side, explain the military strategies of the two primary power of WWI. ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________

______________________________________________

3. What perception did most Europeans have of the coming war at its beginning? __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ Focus on Unit Essential Question 1: What is the purpose of war?

March 18th, 2013

CW 8.3: Events of WWI

Page 3

Part II: The Course of WWI (10 minutes)

7._________

8._________

Both sides miscalculated. The size of the German force surprised the French and so did the speed of the German attack. On the other hand, the Germans met greater resistance than expected. There were attacks and counterattacksbut no victory. Instead, both sides dug in. To defend their positions, both sides built trenches. By the end of 1914, the enemies faced each other from two long lines of deep trenches. They stretched from the English Channel to Switzerland. In all, there were 6,250 miles of trenches. Over time, soldiers added barbed wire and sandbags for protection. Life in the trenches was utter misery. Gunfire and shelling were constant, dead bodies lay everywhere, and hungry rats, lice, and fleas added to the nightmare. Getting sleep was nearly impossible. As winter set in, cold and wind took a toll. Efforts to push through enemy lines brought enormous casualties. An attack began with bombing, then soldiers would try to push forwardwith little success. Bodies piled up and the smell of death filled the air. New weapons added to that "hell on Earth," as World War I displayed fully the concept of total war. For the first time, soldiers faced machine guns, bombing planes, submarines, flame throwers, poison gas, and tanks. With every assault, thousands of men died. Each country involved in the conflict used every able-bodied man it could in its own army; war's end would eventually see over 40 million casualties and almost 9 million dead. In the meantime, their deaths brought no real victory on either side. Check out these websites for more information: http://www.pbs.org/greatwar/maps/index.html

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ciq9ts02ci4

1. Describe the success of the French and German military strategies. __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Describe trench warfare. __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. In Question 3 on the previous page, you were asked to describe the perceptions of Europeans prior to the war. Based on what you read above, did those perceptions turn out to be true or false? How was reality similar to or different from Europeans expectations of the war? __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________

March 18th, 2013

CW 8.3: Events of WWI

Page 4

Part III: Major Events of WWI (2 minutes)

March 18th, 2013

CW 8.3: Events of WWI

Page 5

Part IV: Unit Essential Question Discussion (7 minutes)

Essential Question #2: Is technological advancement used for the purpose of warfare good? Think about this question by yourself and write your answer below (1 minute): __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ Share your responses with the group and use the two rubrics below to keep track of participation and what each person said (2 minutes): Group Discussion Participation Rubric This group member shared This group member asked a his/her answer and it was follow up question of on topic and showed another group member thought This group member was respectful and actively listened to other group members

Group Members

What did each member of your group say in response to the question? This can be a simple summary, or it can be one thing you found really interesting or thought-provoking: Group Members Group Discussion Notes

Class Share Out (4 minutes) Remember to address your comments to the class and respond to your classmates, either by agreeing, disagreeing, qualifying, or asking a follow up question. Look at the power point for sentence stems.

March 18th, 2013

CW 8.3: Events of WWI

Page 6

Part V: Thesis Writing (5 minutes)

Write a thesis on the following prompt:

Compare and contrast perceptions of WWI with the reality of trench warfare
__________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ _________ The following rubric describes how your thesis will be scored: Thesis Rubric

0
Thesis does not contain an assertion. Thesis contains 1 or fewer similarities or differences between perceptions of the war and reality One or fewer of the similarities or differences between perceptions of the war and reality is explained or has an example.

1
Thesis contains a statement that responds to the prompt but it is not arguable. Thesis contains 2 similarities or differences between perceptions of the war and reality Two of the similarities or differences between perceptions of the war and reality are explained or have examples.

2
Thesis contains an arguable statement that responds to the prompt. Thesis contains 3 or more similarities or differences between perceptions of the war and reality Three or more of the similarities or differences between perceptions of the war and reality are explained or have example.

Assertion

Causes

Examples/ Explanations

Partner Eval. Assertion Causes Ex./Explanations

Score

What evidence do you see for this score?