A) Introduction:Two numbers of circular thickeners have been provided as per the process requirement.

The wall of the thickener is designed as circular wall as per the coefficents in IS 3370-part IV. The wall is designed as hinged at base for hoop forces and span B.M in the wall . On inner face of the wall steel is provided for 100% fixity condition. B) Geo-technical Investigation & Soil Data Adopted in Design:One number of Bore hole BH10 has been done at thickener location. Average EGL at this location is 595.5 . Refusal strata is met at depth of 1.5 M , N value =112 ( 594 M level). Proposed FGL in this area is 593.0 M . The founadtion is provided 500 mm below FGL on the refulsal strata. The bearing capacity as per the soil report is as follows :1.5 M below EGL 2.5 M below EGL 25 T/Sqm 30T/Sqm 1

For hard Rock Bearing pressure of 60 T/sqm is adopted.

Note:- The bearing capacities in the table are Net safe bearing Capacities of the soil and gross bearing capacity at founding level are adopted as follows:Soil weight T/Cum

Gross Bearing Capacity = Net Bearing Capacity + 1.6 x Depth of Foundation.

( Soil load from Existing Ground level to Finished ground level or above due to plinth filling will be treated as load , with soil weight of 2.0 T/Cum) For the Back fill soil following soil properties are adopted:Soil Properties adopted in the design:- ( Back Fill material)

j
( For cantilever walls) ( For propped / circular Walls) ( For Computation of Loads)

Angle of Internal Friction Coefficient Active pressure Pressure at Rest Weight of Soil Submerged Soil Weight

30 0.33 0.5 20 10 16 8 Not Present

Degree Ka Kr Kn/M3 Kn/M3 Kn/M3 Kn/M3 2

(For stability against Uplift) (For stability against Uplift)

Weight of Soil Submerged Soil Weight Subsoil Water level

Force resistance from soil due to friction is computed as per the following equation. F= 2 / 3 ( tan ( )) x W W= Vertical Load on the Slab / Footing 2/3xtan ( ) C) Liquid Retaining Structures:All water retaining structure are designed as per the provisions in IS 3370-Part II - 2009 with controlled crack width of 0.1mm as per the specifications. The water level for the design shall be adopted as follows :For strength calculations water shall be taken up to top of the wall assuming all outlets are blocked . For serviceability limit state condition water level is adopted at working top liquid level or the overflow level as appropriate ( refer cl.4.2 of IS 3370-II -2009) Strength Calculations will be carried out using limit state design as per IS456-2000 with load factor of 1.5 . For empty condition soil level will be adopted as applicable. =0.384

Non Liquid Retaining Structures and Buildings :All non liquid retaining structures like foundations and columns of

elevated tanks and Buildings will be designed as per IS 456-2000. D) Design Idealization , Load Conditions and Load combinations:I) Design Idealization :Rectangular tank's walls will be designed as rectangular plates for the boundary conditions as applicable using MOODY'S charts. Permissible stresses will be adopted as per the material retained. The wall will be treated as fixed at base & common edges with adjacent wall panels as applicable. Walls with aspect ratio greater than 3 , will be designed as one way as per boundary conditions . For walls of rectangular tanks the direct horizontal tension and bending action will be adopted as per IS 3370-partII 3

Circular tanks Clarifiers , thickeners etc. will be designed for HOOP forces and Bending Moment . The foundation of the wall will provide nominal fixity to the wall , for foundation design 50% fixity is adopted. In the wall vertical span steel and hoop steel is provided for the hinged base condition . However on the inner face of the wall vertical steel at base is provided for fixed base condition. E) F) Specific Design Requirement as per tender Specifications. E1) Materials for Construction:I) Plain Concrete as Mud mat :PCC as mud mat below RCC , 100mm Thick. 1000 gauge polythene sheet will be provided as sliding layer below base slab and raft slab of water retaining structures. II) Concrete Grades for RCC Structures :Liquid Retaining Structure M30 M10

Buildings / non Liquid retaining Structures All structural concrete will be with aggregates 40mm down for Footings and base slab and with 20mm down aggregates for all water retaining and other structures. For screed concrete 12.5mm down size aggregates will be used.

M25

III) Steel as Reinforcement for the Concrete:For Water retaining structures : ( Steel with corrosion resistant Characteristics) CRS Fe 500Grade.

E2) Minimum Thickness of Reinforced Concrete:Following minimum thicknesses of the members will be provided Walls Liquid retaining Structures Bottom Slab liquid retaining structures Walls Foundations ( at base slab & wall junction) Roof slab of Liquid retaining structures Launder base slab & wall Shell roof Floors , roof slab , walkways , canopy slabs Walls of cable & Pipe trenches Under ground Pits etc. Footings at edge Footing at column face Columns:Width Depth Beams:Width Depth Parapets , Chajjas etc. 250.00 250.00 250.00 200.00 150 100 125 200 200 200 300 300 300 230 300 100 mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm

Preacst Trench covers E3) Minimum Cover to any Reinforcement:Slabs:Free face Face in contact with Soil

75

mm

30 40

mm mm 5

Beams:-

Top & Bottom Side / face in Contact with Soil

40 40

mm mm mm mm mm mm

Columns & Pedestals

Super Structure 50 Sub. Structure 50

Foundations :-

Bottom , Top Sides

50 50

Retaining Walls , Basement & Pit Walls:Face in Contact with Soil Free face 40 30 mm mm

Liquid retaining Structures Face in contact with liquid Face in contact with Soil Free face 50 50 50 mm mm mm

E4) Minimum Bar Diameter of Reinforcement bars :Major Foundations Block Foundations :Main bar Dist. Steel Columns & Pedestals Main bar Links 10 10 8 12 8 mm mm mm mm mm

Beams:-

Main bar Stirrups

12 8 10 10 10 8 8

mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm 6

Slabs & Base Slabs :-

Main bar Dist. Steel

Walls & Wall Foundations :-

Main bar Dist. Steel

Other Minor elements shell roof :Main bar Dist. Steel

10 8

F) Design of The wall of the Thickener :-

Typical Wall Section

F1) Design of main wall:Wall top Level= Base slab level= Wall Height = H= 597.5 M 593 M 4.5 M 0.25 M 0.25 M 19.5 M 4.15 8

Wall Th. provided at base t= Wall Th. provided at span t= Tank Diameter D= HxH/Dxt is adopted = Design of wall For Bending Moment :Base B.M Tank Full case :=9.81x4.5 Coefficient as per IS 3370= Water pressure at base Triang.

0.026 44.145 Kn/Sqm

Refer table 10 of IS 3370-Part IV for Coefficient B.M= 0.026x44.145x4.5x4.5 Ultimate B.M = Mu=1.5 M D ( Cms )= 25 Mu/(bx d x d) Refer Sp16 , Table 4 Pt ( required ) Ast= Provided on Inner Face Base B.M for Tank Empty Case:d= 23.24234 Kn-M 34.86 Kn-M 19.5 Cms 0.916858 0.23 % 4.485 Sqcm Y10-175 C/C Not critical Refer table 13 of IS 3370-Part IV for Coefficient Maximum Span B.M in wall for Hinged Case=0.0118xwxHxHxH D ( Cms )= 25 Mu/(bx d x d) Refer Sp16 , Table 4 Pt ( required ) Ast= Provided on outer face d= 10.54845 Kn-M 19.5 Cms 0.416112 0.105 % 2.0475 Sqcm Y10-175 C/C

Check for shear force in the wall at base :- Adopted as for fixed base

Refer table 11 of IS 3370-Part IV Coefficient for shear Shear force = V 0.23 45.69008 Kn 9

(Note : Shear will be lesser at critical section " d " from base slab face.) Ultimate shear=1.5 x V D ( Cms )= 25 Vu/(b x d) Refer Sp16 , Table 61 Pt ( required ) Ast= Provided on Inner Face Mimimum Steel Required :Mimimum Pt Surface zone =25/2= Ast= Provided 0.35 % 12.5 Cms 4.375 Sqcm Y10-175 C/C B.F d= 68.53511 Kn 19.5 Cms 0.351462 0.23 % 4.485 Sqcm Y10-175 C/C

Check for Crack width:-

10

As crack width is << 0.1mm section is OK.

Design of Wall For Hoop Forces :Tank Full Condition is Critical :Refer table 12 of IS 3370-Part IV

Hoop force in Top 0.0 H to 0.3 H=0.367x4.5x9.75x9.81 = T Tu=T x1.5 =0.87x500 =Tu/fst Permissble stress in steel=fst Steel required Steel on each face Provided minimum steel

157.9618 Kn 236.9428 Kn 435 Mpa 5.44696 Sqcm 2.72348 Sqcn Y10-175 C/C B.Faces 11

Hoop force in 0.3 H to 0.8 H=0.58x4.5x9.75x9.81 = T Tu=T x1.5 =0.87x500 =Tu/fst Permissble stress in steel=fst Steel required Steel on each face Provided minimum steel

249.64 Kn 374.46 Kn 435 Mpa 8.608275 Sqcm 4.304138 Sqcn Y10-175C/C B.Faces

Below 0.8H steel is provided nominal Y10-175 C/c B.Faces.

No craking of the section.

F2) Design of the launder:Vertical wall of the launder :Wall Top level Base Slab level Wall height B.M as cantilever
=((0.35x100000x6/(1000x150^2)

597 M 596.4 M 0.6 M 0.35316 Kn-M 0.093 MPA 12

Bending stress developed Nominal Ast=( fst=130,d=7.5) Min steel =0.35x15 Provided Provided above minimum steel

0.426136 Sqcm 5.25 Sqcm Y10-145 C/C Horizontally also.

Design of Base Slab of the launder:Base slab is designed as cantilever from the main wall. B.M due to base slab from vertical wall Self Load of the wall=V B.M at wall face=0.375*V B.M due to load on the base slab :Self Load Base slab ( av 0.2th) PCC fill ( max =0.2 th) ( ht above PCC) Water Load max.(0.4 m ) Total B.M = Axial force D provided =Mx1e6/(0.85x130xdx100) = Tx1e3/(130/100/2) Ast ( B.M , fst=130,d=19.5) Ast axial force each face Total steel Minimum steel =0.35x12.5 Provided 0.50625 Kn-M 0.216 Kn-M 0.28122 Kn-M 1.84722 Kn-M 0.7848 KN 25 Cms 0.857278 sqcm 0.030185 Sqcm 0.887463 Sqcm 4.375 Sqcm Y10-175 C/C 2.25 KN 0.84375 Kn-M

Distribution steel F3) Design of Foundation for the Wall :Net safe bearing Capacity at founding level say Loading :Dead load of the wall:Wall height provided Thickness provided Load / Meter Dead load from the launder:Wall Load Base slab + Water+ Screed Total Launder Load Self load Footing :Average thickness Base slab width provided Load / Meter Total Dead load effect = V d.l. say Footing width provided Base pressure developed Soil Load effect :-

Y8-110 C/C T & B

25 T/Sqm 250 Kn/sqm 13

4.50 M 0.25 M 28.13 Kn/m

2.81 Kn/M 4.12 Kn/M 6.93 Kn/M

0.25 M 1.45 M 9.06 Kn/M 44.12 Kn/M 45.00 Kn/M 1.45 M 31.03 Kn/Sqm

Soil load on external projection:Soil height Projection width Load / M @ 20Kn/Cum Soil + Slab Load on Internal Projection:0.1 M 0.6 M 1.2 Kn/M not present in this case

Soil height Projection width Load / M @ 20Kn/Cum Slab Load Total load on inner Projection Total soil Load V s.l say B.M at footing center line Additional Base pressure out side Additional Base pressure inside ( Out side) (Inside) Maximum base pressure in combination Dead Load Maximum base pressure in combination Dead Load

0 M 0 M 0 T/M 0 T/M 0.00 1.20 Kn/M 1.20 Kn/M 0.51 kn-M 2.28 Kn/sqm -0.63 Kn/sqm 33.32 Kn/sqm 30.41 Kn/sqm 14

Water Load effect :Water height Slab projection Load /M = B.M due to water load Refer page 8 B.M due to water pressure 50 % fixity B.M =23.24/2 Design B.M Base pressure developed Inside in combination D.L Outside in combination D.L =48.27-0.63 =50.34+2.28 Effect of the Bridge Load :Reaction from Bridge Load after dispersion through 150 Kn Inside in combination D.L+S.L Outside in combination D.L+SL 48.27 Kn/sqm 50.34 Kn/sqm 47.64 Kn/sqm 52.62 Kn/sqm 4.50 0.60 26.49 11.26 23.24 11.62 -0.36
M M Kn/m T-M Kn-M Kn-M Kn-M

wall at 45 degree=150/(2x4.8) Load/ sqm= Maximum Base pressure

15.63 Kn/M 10.78 K/sqm 63.40 Kn/sqm <<<250Kn/sqm OK 15

Maximum Footing Projection (Pr=63.4-slab load - soil load) (Sress forconcrete =2.0MPA) B.M in Footing D rqd for uncraked section

0.6 M 9.926319 kn-M 17.25658 cms <<< 30 Cms

d=30-5-0.5 , Ast ( Fst=130) Minimum Pt=0.35x15 Provided Top & bottom Distribution steel F4) Design of The Base Slab:Base Slab Provided Base slab is designed as slab on grade and nominal steel is provided as per IS 3370-Part II Pt rqd= Surface zone Ast= Provided in top part as D < 300 mm Refer fig to IS 3370-Part 2 Provided

4.61 Sqcm 5.25 Sqcm Y10-350+Y12-350C/C Y10-145 C/C T & B

25.00

Cms

0.35 12.50

% cms

4.38 Sqcm Y10-175C/C at top

F5) Seismic Load Effect :- Seismic load is adopted as per IS 1893-2002 Refer IS-1893 -2000 Part 1 Sa/g= Damping Z= R= I= Ah= Horizontal coefficients are computed as per IS 1893-1984 ( Referred as Part 2 of code is not published , refer page 2 of IS 1893-part 1) 2.5 5 0.16 3 1.5 0.1000
%

16

R= H=

9.75 M 4 M Service Condition

For maximum force Cos ( Phi) = 1 , y= h Pw=0.35x9.81 3.4335 Kn/sqm

As above increase is lesser than the free board , Seismic case not critical

G) Design of Staircase:-

Staircase is provided with stringer Beam

17

=1.2x(3.739+2.188 +1.2+5)+0.3x0.45x25/0.8

Steel provided Stps

3 nos-Y16 T & B Y8-150 C/C 2 legged.

Design of column below staircase :Provided 300 mm diameter column . Maximum load on the column As load on column is nominal provided nominal 0.8 % steel Ast= Provided Links ( As the bearing Capacity of the soil 25 T/sqm , area rquired for above load is only 0.34 Sqm , Provided nominal footing ) 5.652 Sqcm 6 Nos Y12 Y8-150C/C 18 84.6 Kn