SEAWATER DENSITY & VISCOSITY CALCULATOR

Please enter the values of salinity and temperature of the effluent or ambient water (p=1atm):

35.00

Salinity: Sal =

ppt

for r: 0 Sal 160 ppt

for m: 0 Sal 130 ppt
10 T 180 C

T=

30.00

Density:

r=

1021.378

Dynamic Viscosity:

m=

0.861

*10-3 kg/m s

Kinematic Viscosity:

n=

0.843

*10-6 m/s

Temperature:
Temperature:

kg/m

source:
El-Dessouky, Ettouny (2002): Fundamentals of Sea Water Desalination (Appendix A: Themodynamic Properties)

Density of sea water as a function of salinity and temperature

Salinity: 0 to 160 ppt, Temperature: 10 to 180 C, Pressure: p = 1 atm
The density correlation of sea water is given by:

r = (A1F1 + A2F2 + A3F3 + A4F4)*10

[kg/m]

where:
F1 =
F2 =
F3 =
F4 =

0.5
A
2A - 1
4A - 3A

A = (2T-200)/160

G1 = 0.5
G2 = B
G3 = 2B - 1

A1 = 4.032219 G1 + 0.115313 G2 + 3.26*10-4 G3

A2 = -0.108199 G1 + 1.571*10-3 G2 - 4.23 * 10-4 G3
A3 = -0.012247 G1 + 1.74*10-3 G2 - 9.0*10-6 G3
A4 = 6.92*10-4 G1 - 8.7*10-5 G2 - 5.3*10-5 G3

B = (2Sal-150)/150

Viscosity of sea water as a function of salinity and temperature

Salinity: 0 to 130 ppt, Temperature: 10 to 180 C, Pressure: p = 1 atm
The dynamic viscosity correlation of sea water is given by:

m = (mW)(mR)*10-3

[kg/m s]

n = m/ r

[m/s]

where:
Ln(mW) =
mR =
A=
B=

-3.79418 + 604.129/(139.18+T)
1 + A*Sal + B*Sal
1.474*10-3 + 1.5*10-5 T - 3.927*10-8 T2
1.0734*10-5 - 8.5*10-8 T +2.23*10-10 T2

El-Dessouky, Ettouny (2002): Fundamentals of Sea Water Desalination (Appendix A: Themodynamic Properties)

ndix A: Themodynamic Properties)

Variation in density [kg/m] as a function of temperature [C] and salinity [ppt]

Salinity [ppt]
T [C]
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
10 1000.730 1008.192 1015.707 1023.275 1030.896 1038.570 1046.298 1054.079 1061.913 1069.800 1077.741
15 999.647 1007.080 1014.563 1022.094 1029.674 1037.303 1044.981 1052.708 1060.483 1068.308 1076.181
20 998.402 1005.810 1013.263 1020.761 1028.303 1035.891 1043.523 1051.200 1058.921 1066.688 1074.499
25 996.999 1004.384 1011.810 1019.277 1026.785 1034.334 1041.924 1049.556 1057.228 1064.942 1072.697
30 995.440 1002.804 1010.205 1017.644 1025.121 1032.636 1040.189 1047.779 1055.407 1063.073 1070.777
35 993.727 1001.072 1008.452 1015.866 1023.316 1030.800 1038.319 1045.872 1053.460 1061.083 1068.741
40 991.861 999.190 1006.552 1013.945 1021.370 1028.827 1036.316 1043.837 1051.390 1058.975 1066.591
45 989.846 997.162 1004.507 1011.882 1019.286 1026.720 1034.183 1041.676 1049.198 1056.749 1064.330
50 987.683 994.989 1002.321 1009.681 1017.068 1024.482 1031.923 1039.391 1046.887 1054.409 1061.959
55 985.375 992.673 999.996 1007.344 1014.717 1022.115 1029.538 1036.986 1044.459 1051.957 1059.481
60 982.924 990.217 997.533 1004.873 1012.235 1019.621 1027.030 1034.462 1041.917 1049.395 1056.897
65 980.332 987.624 994.936 1002.270 1009.626 1017.003 1024.401 1031.821 1039.262 1046.725 1054.210
70 977.602 984.894 992.207 999.539 1006.891 1014.263 1021.655 1029.067 1036.498 1043.950 1051.421
75 974.735 982.032 989.347 996.681 1004.033 1011.404 1018.793 1026.201 1033.627 1041.071 1048.534
80 971.734 979.039 986.361 993.699 1001.055 1008.428 1015.818 1023.225 1030.650 1038.091 1045.549
85 968.601 975.917 983.249 990.596 997.959 1005.338 1012.733 1020.143 1027.570 1035.012 1042.470
90 965.339 972.669 980.014 987.373 994.747 1002.136 1009.539 1016.957 1024.389 1031.836 1039.298
95 961.949 969.297 976.659 984.034 991.422 998.824 1006.240 1013.668 1021.110 1028.566 1036.035
100 958.434 965.804 973.186 980.580 987.987 995.406 1002.837 1010.280 1017.736 1025.203 1032.683
105 954.796 962.191 969.597 977.014 984.443 991.882 999.333 1006.794 1014.267 1021.751 1029.245
110 951.037 958.461 965.895 973.339 980.793 988.257 995.730 1003.214 1010.707 1018.210 1025.723
115 947.159 954.616 962.082 969.557 977.040 984.531 992.032 999.540 1007.058 1014.584 1022.118
120 943.165 950.659 958.161 965.670 973.186 980.709 988.239 995.777 1003.322 1010.874 1018.433
125 939.057 946.592 954.133 961.680 969.233 976.791 984.356 991.926 999.501 1007.083 1014.670
130 934.837 942.418 950.002 957.591 965.184 972.781 980.383 987.989 995.599 1003.213 1010.831
135 930.508 938.137 945.770 953.404 961.042 968.682 976.324 983.969 991.616 999.266 1006.918
140 926.071 933.754 941.438 949.123 956.808 964.494 972.181 979.868 987.556 995.244 1002.933
145 921.529 929.270 937.010 944.749 952.486 960.221 967.956 975.689 983.420 991.150 998.879
150 916.884 924.687 932.488 940.284 948.077 955.866 963.652 971.433 979.212 986.986 994.757
155 912.138 920.009 927.873 935.732 943.584 951.431 959.271 967.105 974.932 982.754 990.569
160 907.293 915.236 923.170 931.095 939.010 946.917 954.815 962.704 970.585 978.456 986.318
165 902.353 910.372 918.379 926.374 934.357 942.329 950.288 958.235 966.171 974.094 982.006
170 897.318 905.418 913.503 921.573 929.628 937.667 945.691 953.700 961.693 969.671 977.634
175 892.191 900.378 908.546 916.694 924.824 932.935 941.027 949.100 957.154 965.189 973.205
180 886.975 895.253 903.508 911.740 919.949 928.135 936.298 944.438 952.556 960.650 968.722

-6

Variation in kinematic viscosity [10 m/s] as a function of temperature [C] and salinity [ppt]
T [C]
10
15
20
25
30
35

0
1.290
1.133
1.003
0.894
0.804
0.727

10
1.303
1.144
1.014
0.905
0.813
0.736

20
1.317
1.158
1.026
0.917
0.824
0.746

30
1.334
1.173
1.041
0.930
0.837
0.757

40
1.353
1.191
1.056
0.944
0.850
0.770

50
1.375
1.210
1.073
0.960
0.864
0.783

60
1.398
1.230
1.092
0.977
0.879
0.797

70
1.423
1.253
1.112
0.995
0.896
0.812

Salinity [ppt]
80
90
1.450
1.277
1.134
1.014
0.913
0.828

1.480
1.303
1.156
1.034
0.931
0.844

100
1.511
1.330
1.180
1.056
0.951
0.862

40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175
180

0.661
0.604
0.555
0.513
0.475
0.442
0.413
0.388
0.365
0.344
0.325
0.309
0.293
0.280
0.267
0.256
0.245
0.236
0.227
0.219
0.212
0.205
0.198
0.192
0.187
0.182
0.177
0.173
0.168

0.670
0.613
0.563
0.520
0.483
0.449
0.420
0.394
0.371
0.350
0.331
0.314
0.299
0.285
0.272
0.261
0.250
0.240
0.232
0.223
0.216
0.209
0.202
0.196
0.191
0.185
0.180
0.176
0.172

0.679
0.622
0.572
0.528
0.490
0.457
0.427
0.401
0.377
0.356
0.337
0.320
0.304
0.290
0.278
0.266
0.255
0.245
0.236
0.228
0.220
0.213
0.206
0.200
0.194
0.189
0.184
0.179
0.175

0.690
0.632
0.581
0.537
0.499
0.465
0.435
0.408
0.384
0.363
0.343
0.326
0.310
0.296
0.283
0.271
0.260
0.250
0.241
0.232
0.224
0.217
0.210
0.204
0.198
0.193
0.188
0.183
0.178

0.701
0.642
0.591
0.547
0.507
0.473
0.443
0.415
0.391
0.369
0.350
0.332
0.316
0.302
0.288
0.276
0.265
0.255
0.245
0.237
0.229
0.221
0.214
0.208
0.202
0.196
0.191
0.186
0.182

0.713
0.653
0.602
0.556
0.517
0.482
0.451
0.423
0.399
0.376
0.357
0.339
0.322
0.307
0.294
0.282
0.270
0.260
0.250
0.241
0.233
0.226
0.219
0.212
0.206
0.200
0.195
0.190
0.185

0.726
0.665
0.613
0.567
0.526
0.491
0.459
0.431
0.406
0.384
0.363
0.345
0.328
0.313
0.300
0.287
0.275
0.265
0.255
0.246
0.238
0.230
0.223
0.216
0.210
0.204
0.199
0.194
0.189

0.740
0.678
0.624
0.577
0.536
0.500
0.468
0.440
0.414
0.391
0.370
0.352
0.335
0.319
0.305
0.293
0.281
0.270
0.260
0.251
0.242
0.234
0.227
0.220
0.214
0.208
0.202
0.197
0.192

0.754
0.691
0.637
0.589
0.547
0.510
0.477
0.448
0.422
0.399
0.378
0.359
0.341
0.326
0.311
0.298
0.286
0.275
0.265
0.256
0.247
0.239
0.231
0.224
0.218
0.212
0.206
0.201
0.196

0.769
0.705
0.649
0.601
0.558
0.520
0.487
0.457
0.430
0.407
0.385
0.366
0.348
0.332
0.317
0.304
0.292
0.280
0.270
0.260
0.252
0.243
0.236
0.229
0.222
0.216
0.210
0.205
0.199

0.785
0.720
0.663
0.613
0.569
0.531
0.497
0.466
0.439
0.415
0.393
0.373
0.355
0.338
0.324
0.310
0.297
0.286
0.275
0.265
0.256
0.248
0.240
0.233
0.226
0.220
0.214
0.208
0.203

110
1085.734
1084.103
1082.355
1080.493
1078.518
1076.433
1074.240
1071.940
1069.536
1067.029
1064.421
1061.715
1058.912
1056.015
1053.025
1049.944
1046.774
1043.517
1040.176
1036.751
1033.246
1029.661
1026.000
1022.263
1018.454
1014.573
1010.623
1006.606
1002.524
998.378
994.171
989.905
985.582
981.203
976.770

110
1.544
1.359
1.206
1.078
0.971
0.880

120
1093.781
1092.073
1090.256
1088.330
1086.298
1084.161
1081.921
1079.580
1077.140
1074.602
1071.969
1069.242
1066.424
1063.515
1060.517
1057.433
1054.264
1051.013
1047.680
1044.268
1040.778
1037.213
1033.574
1029.862
1026.081
1022.230
1018.314
1014.332
1010.287
1006.181
1002.016
997.793
993.514
989.181
984.796

120
1.578
1.389
1.233
1.102
0.992
0.899

130
1101.881
1100.093
1098.202
1096.208
1094.115
1091.923
1089.634
1087.249
1084.771
1082.201
1079.540
1076.791
1073.955
1071.033
1068.027
1064.939
1061.770
1058.522
1055.197
1051.796
1048.321
1044.773
1041.155
1037.467
1033.712
1029.890
1026.005
1022.056
1018.047
1013.978
1009.851
1005.669
1001.431
997.141
992.799

130
1.615
1.421
1.260
1.127
1.014
0.919

140
1110.034
1108.161
1106.192
1104.128
1101.969
1099.719
1097.378
1094.948
1092.429
1089.825
1087.135
1084.361
1081.506
1078.569
1075.553
1072.460
1069.290
1066.044
1062.726
1059.335
1055.873
1052.342
1048.743
1045.077
1041.347
1037.553
1033.696
1029.779
1025.803
1021.769
1017.678
1013.532
1009.333
1005.081
1000.779

150
1118.241
1116.279
1114.227
1112.088
1109.862
1107.551
1105.155
1102.676
1100.115
1097.473
1094.752
1091.953
1089.076
1086.124
1083.097
1079.997
1076.824
1073.580
1070.267
1066.885
1063.435
1059.919
1056.338
1052.694
1048.986
1045.218
1041.389
1037.501
1033.555
1029.553
1025.496
1021.384
1017.219
1013.003
1008.736

160
1126.500
1124.445
1122.307
1120.090
1117.792
1115.417
1112.963
1110.433
1107.827
1105.147
1102.393
1099.566
1096.667
1093.698
1090.658
1087.550
1084.373
1081.130
1077.820
1074.446
1071.007
1067.505
1063.941
1060.316
1056.630
1052.885
1049.082
1045.221
1041.304
1037.331
1033.304
1029.224
1025.091
1020.906
1016.670

0.802
0.735
0.676
0.625
0.581
0.541
0.507
0.476
0.448
0.423
0.400
0.380
0.362
0.345
0.330
0.316
0.303
0.291
0.280
0.270
0.261
0.253
0.245
0.237
0.230
0.224
0.218
0.212
0.207

0.819
0.750
0.691
0.639
0.593
0.553
0.517
0.485
0.457
0.431
0.408
0.388
0.369
0.352
0.336
0.322
0.309
0.297
0.286
0.275
0.266
0.257
0.249
0.241
0.234
0.228
0.222
0.216
0.210

0.837
0.766
0.705
0.652
0.605
0.564
0.528
0.495
0.466
0.440
0.417
0.395
0.376
0.359
0.343
0.328
0.315
0.302
0.291
0.281
0.271
0.262
0.254
0.246
0.239
0.232
0.225
0.219
0.214

Density as a function of Salinity and Temperature

1150.0

1125.0
150 ppt

1100.0

1075.0

Density r [kg/m]

1050.0

1025.0
0 ppt

1000.0

Sal = 150 ppt

Sal = 130 ppt

975.0

Sal = 110 ppt

Sal = 90 ppt

950.0

Sal = 70 ppt
Sal = 50 ppt

925.0

Sal = 30 ppt
Sal = 10 ppt

900.0

Sal = 0 ppt

875.0
0

20

40

60

80

100

Temperature T [C]

120

140

160

180

Kinematic Viscosity as a function of Salinity and Temperature

1.8

1.6

1.4

Kinematic Viscosity n [10-6 m/s]

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6
Sal = 120 ppt

0.4

Sal = 90 ppt
Sal = 60 ppt
Sal = 30 ppt

0.2

Sal = 0 ppt

0.0
0

20

40

60

80

100

Temperature T [C]

120

140

160

180

SEAWATER DENSITY CALCULATOR

Salinity = 0 - 42 ppt
Please enter the values of salinity and temperature of the effluent or ambient water (p =1atm):

10.00

ppt

0 Sal < 42 ppt

T=

10.00

0 T 40 C

r=

1007.501

Salinity: Sal =
Temperature:
Temperature:

Density:

kg/m

source:
Calculations are based on the "One Atmosphere Int. Equation of State of SW" (UNESCO, 1980)

Dynamic Viscosity of Seawater

(Sndermann, 1986)

mw (20C) = 1.002*10-3 kg/(m*s)

Valid for salinities between 0 and 40 ppt and temperatures between 5 and 25C.
temperature: T =
salinity: S =

r=
mw =
A=
B=
Cl =

20.00
0.00

998.011
1.002E-03
1.144E-03
3.251E-03
0.000E+00

C
ppt

kg/m
kg/(m*s)

dynamic viscosity:

msw = 1.002E-03

kg/(m*s)

kinematic viscosity:

nsw = 1.004E-06

m/s

(with nsw = msw /r )