PROJECT REPORT ON ANALYSIS OF POWER SECTOR IN INDIA

BACHELOR OF COMMERCE (FINANCIAL MARKETS) SEMESTER V UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI

2010-11

SUBMITTED BY RITESH PATEL

PROJECT GUIDE JITENDRA NAYAK

K.P.B HINDUJA COLLEGE OF COMMERCE 315, NEW CHARNI ROAD, MUMBAI-400 004

B.Com (Financial Markets) 5th SEMESTER

ANALYSIS OF POWER SECTOR IN INDIA

SUBMITTED BY RITESH PATEL ROLL.NO: 30

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Mr. RITESH PATEL of B.Com Financial Markets Semester- V [2010-2011] has successfully completed the Project on ANALYSIS OF POWER SECTOR IN INDIA under the guidance of JITENDRA NAYAK

Project Guide

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Course Coordinator

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Internal Examiner

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External Examiner

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Principal

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DECLARATION

I Mr. RITESH PATEL student of B.Com-Financial Markets, semester- V (2010-2011), hereby declare that I have completed the project on ANALYSIS OF POWER SECTOR IN INDIA

The information submitted is true and original copy to the best of my knowledge.

RITESH PATEL

(Signature)

ANALYSIS OF POWER SECTOR IN INDIA

CONTENT
TOPIC ABSTRACT CHAPTER: 1 AN OVERVIEW OF POWER SECTOR
INTRODUCTION GLOBAL OVERVIEW INDIAN POWER INDUSTRY INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 06 07 08 10

PAGE NO. 04

CHAPTER: 2 GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS AND POLICIES

ELECTRICITY ACT 2003 NATIONAL ELECTRICITY POLICY TARIFF POLICY 13 15 16

CHAPTER: 3 ANALYSIS OF POWER SECTOR

RATIO NALYSIS RATIO ANALYSIS OF INDUSTRY STUDY OF SELECTED COMPANIES

o o o

18 23 24 26 31 35

NTPC RELIANCE INFRASTRUCTURE TATA POWER

o o

POWERGRID TORRENT POWER

39 43 47 48 54 61 68

COMPARISON OF SELECTED COMPANIES REGRESSION ANALYSIS TREND ANALYSIS SWOT ANALYSIS PORTERS FIVE FORCE MODEL

CHAPTER: 5 ISSUES AND CHALLENGES CHAPTER: 4 CONCLUSION AND FINDINGS

72

CONCLUSION FINDINGS

74 77

REFERENCES

79

AN OVERVIEW OF POWER SECTOR

INTRODUCTION
Among the important sectorstransport, power and telecommunicationpower sector has shown significant and sustained gaps for long. The poor performance of SEBs, with increasing financial strain emanating from low average tariffs and high cross subsidies to agriculture and household sectors have stifled the growth of this sector. According to Tenth Plan approach paper, The energy infrastructure will be major constraint on any effort to achieve a significant acceleration on the growth of GDP in Tenth Plan period This will place heavy demands on the generation and distribution of electric power. Furthermore, in globally competitive Environment, the quality of these services in terms of both price and reliability Are as important as availability and it is well-known that we face serious problems on both counts. But fundamental issuessuch as frequent power cuts, both scheduled and unscheduled, erratic voltage and low or high supply frequency have added to power Woes of the consumers. The Indian Power industry has since independence faced the demand and supply gap. The said gap is still prevalent even after Government initiated the reform process in early nineties.

GLOBAL OVERVIEW
The energy required to support our economies and lifestyles provides tremendous convenience and benefits. Energy consumption is reportedly higher in countries where less than 5 % of the population lives below the poverty line than it is in countries where most people live in poverty -- four times higher. This increase was largely due to more electrical appliances, development of electrical heating in several developed countries and rural electrification programmes in developing countries. De-regulation in areas of the global energy markets has led to fierce competition. Now more than ever electricity has to be produced at a lower cost with many countries imposing ever tightening environmental legislation to reduce the impact power generation has on the environment. The enormous challenges are recognised in providing electricity as efficiently as possible and strive to develop technology to meet your needs. Collectively, developing countries use 30% of the world's energy, but with projected population and economic growth in those markets, energy demands are expected to rise 95 %. Overall global consumption is expected to rise 50 % from 2005 to 2030. World energy consumption is projected to expand by 50% from 2005 to 2030 in the IEO2008 reference case projection. Although high prices for oil and natural gas, which are expected to continue throughout the period, are likely to slow the growth of energy demand in the long term, world energy consumption is projected to continue increasing strongly as a result of robust economic growth and expanding populations in the worlds developing countries.

INDIAN POWER INDUSTRY

Growth of Power Sector infrastructure in India since its Independence has been noteworthy making India the third largest producer of electricity in Asia. Generating capacity has grown manifold from 1,362 MW in 1947 to 141GW (as on 30.09.2004). The overall generation in India has increased from 301 Billion Units (BUs) during 1992- 93 to 558.1 BUs in 2003. Indias Total installed capacity of power sector has been 141 GW. This Indias 141GW of total power is generated by its three different sectors, i.e., state sector, central sector and private sector. Stare sector contribution has been 53% to total installed capacity. Likewise, contribution of central sector and private sector has been 34% and 13.5% respectively.

India has fifth largest generation capacity in the world and low per capita consumption at 631 units which is less than half of china. Indias transmission and distribution network is of 6.6 million circuit km. This is considered to be third largest in the world. As per above chart, thermal fuels like Coal, gas, oil constitute 64.6% of Indias total installed capacity, followed by 24.7% from hydro power, 2.9% nuclear energy and 7.7% from other energy sources.

Power is one of the prime movers of economic development. The basic responsibility of power supply industry is to provide adequate electricity at economic cost, while ensuring reliability and quality of supply. Significant impetus by successive Governments has resulted in increase in capacity from 1,300 MW during independence to more than 100,000 MW today. Along with the growth in installed generation capacity, there has also been a phenomenal increase in the transmission and distribution capacity. However, despite the significant progress in capacity addition, the demand for electricity continues to outstrip supply with the result that energy and peaking shortages continue to plaque the economy. With responsibility for electricity supply shared constitutionally between the central government and the states, the Government of India has placed increased emphasis on improving the efficiency of supply, consumption, and pricing of electricity. Significant reforms are being undertaken in power sector management and financing at the state level. With reforms in this sector gaining pace, many structural changes are taking place both at the policy and technical levels. With the passing of the Electricity Act 2003, generation, transmission and distribution sectors have been thrown open to competition along with the ushering in of a de-regulated regime. The Government proposes to enhance public funding for the sector as well as encourage the public sector undertakings to take up projects in joint ventures with private investors and state governments in the 10th and 11th Plan period. There is also a focus on initiating suitable policy measures to accelerate the pace of hydro power development as well as to make nuclear power generation as competitive as power generation from other fuels.

The financial weakness of the SEBs has been one of the major stumbling blocks in achieving financial closure of Independent Power Producers (IPPs). The Government of India, with World Bank assistance, has been encouraging the states to undertake in depth power sector reforms.

The Indian power sector is undergoing a crucial phase of transition. Both the Central and State governments are actively engaged in finding viable solutions to achieve sustainable development of the power sector. As of now, regulation, rapid capacity addition, and SEB-reform, with a specific focus on improving revenues from the distribution segment, are emerging as important areas of reforms in the sector.

REFERENCES

DATABASE
www.Capitalline.com www.cea.nic.in www.Indiaenergyportal.org www.powermin.nic.in

WEBSITES
www.moneycontrol.com www.Ibef.org www.india.gov.in www.teriin.org www.coreinternational.com www.energywatch.org.in www.hansuttam.com www.elsevier.com www.sciencedirect.com www.money.rediff.com

WEB PAGES
http://www.indexmundi.com/India/electricity_consumption.html http://www.indexmundi.com/India/electricity_production.html http://www.cea.nic.in http://www.topnews.in/business-news/power-sector.html http://www.energywatch.org.in http://www.bharatbook.com/Market-Research-Reports/Indian-power-sector database.html http://www.marketresearch.com/product/display.asp?productid=1695991