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BY
1. IITBODUCTIOJ 1
1.3. Acknowledgeaents 2
2. GEIERAL I1FOBRITI01 4
2.3.1. General 5
2.3.2. Surface And Underground Bine 5
2.3.3. 8enefic.tion 5
2.3.4. Exploration 5
3.1.1.1. Clearing 7
-i-
PAGE
3.1.2.2. Excavation, load And Haal - Ore 12
-ii-
PlGI
-111-
PAGE
3.3.4.7.2. Track T~ns~ortation 33
3.3.4.7.3~ Water Transportation ~
4.1.1. Exploration ~
4.1.2.1. Clearino 36
4.1,2.2. Excavation ~
4.2.1.1. Clearino 43
-iv-
PAGE
'.2.3. Townsite 61
4.2.5.2. DradGes 63
S.1~1. CrushiDG
5.1.2. GrIndIng
•
69
5.1.3. ConceDtratinG 70
5.1.3.1. FlotatIon 70
5.1.3.4. leachino 73
77
77
6.1.1. Crushino 85
-vll-
PAGE
6.1.2. Grindin9
•
6.1.3. ConcentratinG H
6.1.3.1. Flotation 88
6.1.5.1. Clearin9 ~
6.1.6.5. 'ebicl •• ~;
1
of outside interest the Bureau of Mines The Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Co.
decided to ~ublish the handbook to make
it readily available to the public. The Cotter Mining Co.
text and curves contained in the
handbook an'! essentially identical to J. Irving Crowell, Jr. & Son
those obtained from the contractor that
oriqinally developed the handbook for Cyprus Mines Corp.
the Bureau. STRAAM EnQineers, Inc.
Some editorial work was performed on the Diamond Springs Lime Co.
layout of the text in order to confor.
to Bureau standards. The data. however, Dresser Min~rals Division
are Qenerally as originally presented,
and the vi&ws and conclusions contained Duval 5ierrita Corp.
in this document are those of STRAA~
F.nQine~rs, Inc., an.d should not be The Feldspar Corp.
interpreted as necessarily repr~senting
the official policies or recommendations Gaspe Copper ~ines Ltd. (Moranda Mines
of the Interior Department's Bureau of 1. td • )
Mines or of the U.S. Government. STRAAM
Engineers, Inc., believes the data to be Georgia-Pacific Corp.
accurate and reliable; however the! or
the authors do not accept any Getty Oil Co.
responsibility, financial or otherwise,
for any consequences arising out of the Goodnews Bay Mininq Co.
use of this handbook.
W. R. Grace & Co.
1.3. ACINOYLEDGftEMTS
Hallett Minerals
Assistinq STRAAM Engineers, Inc.,
formerly A. A. Mathews, Inc., In the The lIanna Minin'} Co.
plan development and field data
collection was Hehre Dolbear & Co. Many Homestake ~ining Co.
mining equipment manufacturers and
suppliers also provided assistance in Idaho MininQ Corp.
developing equipment operating and
capital costs. Field data used in Idarado Mining Co.
compiling this handbook were obtained
from the following sourcp.s: Inspiration Consolidated Copper Co.
Brenda Mines, Ltd. (Noranda Mines Ltd.) lamaque ~ining Co., Ltd.
2
Mineral Industrial Commodities of Reynol~s ~lninQ r.orp.
America Siqma Mines (Quebec) Ltd.
Molytdenum Corp. of America Southwestern portland Cement Co.
Monolith Portland Cem@nt Co. Standard Metals Corp.
~onsanto In ..~u~_trial Chemicals Co. Stauffer Chemical Co.
National Gypsum Co. St. Joe Minerals Corp.
N L Industries, Tnc. Sunshine MininQ Co.
Phelps Dodge Corp. Teck Corp., Ltd.
pitkin Iron Mine Texada Mines, Ltd.
PittsburQ Pacific Co. Titanium Enterprises
Ranchers Fxploration & nevelop~ent Corp. Utah Mines, Ltd. (Utah International)
Reserve ~inino Co. York Pullders ~upplJ Co.
3
2. GEIERIL IIFOB"ITI0N either laber index number 1. or 2. in
Section 2.8. (Cost Indexes). This lu.p
2.1. OSEBS OF TBE HANDBOOK sum factor can be used for all classes
of l~bor throuobout the estimate.
It is presumed the user will have Either factor can then be entered in the
adequate knowledge of both mining and proper location.
estimatino procedures before attemPtinQ
to prepare an estimate usinQ the methods All curves in this handbook are adjusted
presented herein. to a common base, i.e. all effort has
been oeared to presentation of average
2.2. PBOCEDORES FOR ESTI"ITIIG liD OSE data for the particular minino method or
OF FICTORS process und€r consideration. Should the
user have an abnormal situation, proper
By its very natur~, any compilation of adjustment of curve data, either upward
data such as that used in the or downward, should be made.
.preparation of the curves, tables and
factors, must deal in 8vera~es. The When determining the quantity to be
user must be able to discern any used, unless otherwise noted in tbe
differences between the method or specific component text, use tons mined
process under consideration and that or tons f~ed to the beneficiation
presented in this handbook. For that component.
reason, wh€rever it is applicable that
certain adjustment factors should be After the data requirements have been
used, they have been referenced. prepared, the curves and narratives that
apply should be studied until their
~ention of certain adjustment factors contents ar~ understood. Then, for the
has been omitted from the curve proper abscissa value, select the
narratives in order to avoid appropriate orrtinate a~ount and enter it
duplication. These factors include the on th@ form. Note that all curves have
various cost indexes. labor rate logarithmic scales, not arithmetic.
conversion methods, POWf~ cost, and the
more subtle v~riables such as rock The data obtained from the curves and
hardness, floatability of various ores, equations within the limits shown is
etc. They are covered in this section, reliable and ihg ___y~~___ §hQY1~ __ -n2t
but it remajns for the user to properly e!t£~~Ql~!g ___ QY~§1gg __ 1hg§~ __ 11m1~ __ ~
apply these factors. ~~§Yl1§_~aY_Qs~~I211Ahl~~ The ran~e of
the curves €ncompasses normal production
All labor rates (costs) use~ in the with values beyond tendino to be outside
preparation of curves are based on the the accuracy required due to the large
Denver, Colo., area as of July 1975, and variance cf milling and mining
include an approximate allowance of 35~ practices. Tn equations shown for the
to cover all applicable payroll burdens. various curves in this handbOOk. the
~ll labor curves includ~ an appropriate value of "X" is for the horizontal scale
allowance for equipment repair labor. and the value of My" is in dollars. The
Area and/or incentive bonus premiums are My" subscripts "L", "SM. and "E"
not inclUded and thp- user's judgment indicate lator, supplies and equipment
should be used in applying factors for operation respectively.
these items. Two methods may be used to
adjust the labor cost curves. Method After the dollar amounts for a
one, the more accurate of the two, is to particular item have been entered on the
use the prevailing labor rates for the wort. sheets, the next step is to
area under co~sideration, apply the determine the proper adjustment factors
appropriate payroll burdens and (data will seldom require no
premiums, then use these costs 1n adjustment). ~ost of the curves,
comparison to those Qiven in the particularly supplies and equipment
narratives. Py dividing one hy the operation, are composed of more than one
other a laber adjustment multiplier is it~m. Tn these cases, it will be
obtained. rare should be taken in the necessary to apply a compound adjustment
use of labor rates as a large variance factor hased on the percentage occuring
can occur within r.elativelY small in each item multiplied by its
geoqraphic dreas. The second methoj is appropriate cost index adjustment.
to use a factor obtained by use of
4
When the cost and all factors have been 2.4. BATES - LABOR, POWER liD VATER
determined, multiplication will field
the total cost. By a like manner, all Labor costs have heen adjusted to a
applicable items are totaled and sum.ed, Denver base for July 1975 and include
yie11ino a bottom line oroup total payroll burden. Burden includes such
amount. These group amounts are then items as sick leave, vacation, holidays,
transferred to she~ts where total insurance (medical, dental, disability,
operatino costs per ton and total life & accident), payroll taxes (FICA,
capital costs per ton per day are SOl & SUT) and retirement funds. Burden
-
summarized for total estimated cost.
5
outlined an1 tabulated is an 2.8. COST INDEXES
environmental impact team approach used
in assessing various mine properties. The following cost indexes should be
The time input by each specialist and used to adjust cost data in this
the range cf laboratory analysis varies handbook. They are based on,
widely from location to location "Employment and Earnings" and "Wholesale
dependinq on such basic elements as the Prices and Price Indexes", both
mine's proximity to population centers; published by the U.S. Department of.
the ranQe of weather extremes for heat Labor, Bureau of Lahor Statisti~s
and cold and air currents in smog (B.L.S.). and on Fnqineerinq News Record
controls: the availability of pover in (E.N.R.). ~he base year for all but tvo
v~rious en~rqy forms; water supply; and indexes is 1967 = 100. Construction
land reclamation possibilities. The labor (Index No.2) has a base year of
following items will have to be 1913 =
100 and Transportation (Index No.
investigated to some degree: 11) has a base year of 1969 = 100.
Geology Demography
Hydrology Archaeology Since the manual is based on July 1975
CI1m'ate Air Quality costs. updat€s shoul~ use the July 1975
Ecology AesthetiCS indexes as denominators and the annual
Socio-Econo~ics Physiography cost ind~xes given in th~ accompanying
The envirunmental impact study ~ay table as numerators. Annual averages
require the expertise of specialists in are included for space saving purposes,
some or all of the ahove areas. The and are acceptable for updatioQ this
cost of specialists may be estimated to type of estimate. Monthly indexes can
range from S100 to $500 per day plus be used if desired and are available
from the original sources.
field expenses at about $50 per day per
person plus field transportation No. Item Cost Index Source Value in
July 1975
expenses frem $5 to $30 per day plus the
1. Mine end plant labor· Mining labor oLS $S.89/Iv
transportation cost to and from the Tabla C·l
field location.
2. Conatruetion labor Skillad iabor lOCI ENR 1998.7
The team size can vary from one
veIl-qualified person for smaller impact 3. Equipment and rapair parta Equipmant and oLS 184.9
studies to perhaps ten specialists and Tabia 4 Code 11·2
four or five laboratory analysts. A 4. BiU and ralat6d atoel Iron and Steel oLS 197.3
specialjst may be required for from one Tabla 4 Coda 10·1
day to a year. The team is usually
5, nmber and lumber Lumber oLS 196.8
headed by a principal or senior engineer Tabla 4 Coda DB·l
or geologist who controls and edits the
production of the impact statement data 8. Fual Petroleum BLS 258.8
Tabla 4 Coda 05·7
and schedules the various speCialists as
required. 7. Powder and blasting agents Explosives oLS 177.2
Tabla 6 Coda 067902
Tim~ and workforce. as well as technical
ilJlPut, should be allowed for 8. nraa nra oLS 158.8
Table 6 Code 07120105
presentation to qovernmental bodies and
public meetinQs. Follovinq the agency 9. Construction matarial_ Materials {Denver) ENR 185.0
Quidelines that exist for a specific
10. Industrial materiais·· Industrial Commodities oLS 1712
area and mineral. the user must use his Tabla 2
judgment plus local historical records
for a realistic estimate of the cost of 11. Transportation··· Rail-MatalUe Ore oLS 185.7
Table 14 Code 28
an environmental impact statement.
• Rate does not Include burdon.
The user should remember that multiple •• U•• for Itema not oth.rw'ile covered. Reporting in Table 2
w.. dlacontlnued by B.L.S. In Mllfch. 1978. Values given at
impact statements may be required for beglnnlng of Table 8 me, be used theroftftar.
· · · 1 . wu year of origin. Index.. prior to 1989 have been
the various stages of mine and/or mill extrapoleted. Use for an tranaportation items.
development and operation.
10 11
2.7. DEFINITION OF TEBRS 1m tUO 1,913.1 111&.2 200.9 192.5 2&7.5 178.0 1&6.4 1• .3 171.6 178.4
metric units. Where the terms "US 1m ue&.1 2117 230.3 278.5 30U 11l.1 1'1.6 m.7 tl6.1 211.1
tons". "cubic yards". and "inches" are 1978 f7.87 2.406.0 232.8 2&3.6 322.1 321.0 208.7 192.0 247.7 209.4 227.3
used. they designate manufacturers'
sizing in the United States system. 1'78 ".48 2.&64.0 266.8 283.4 354.2 444.5 225.7 219.4 289.J 238.2 284.4
6
3. RIlE OPERATING COST ESTIRATIOI II, ..
•
3.1. SURFACE RIIIIG - OPERATIIG COSTS
3.1.1. PRODUCTION DEVELOP"E.r ",'" ,,' '"
",'" '"
3.1.1.1. CLEARIIG
~o"'" ,,'"'" ",'"
",'"
side slope, reduce costs by 20r. from ,," Ye: • 211. S6(X)··II' r-t--
those shown. For clearing on terrain ",'" 0.1 .! X .! 10
7
average 12-1/4 inch diameter from a Itt,ttO
range of 6 to 13-3/4 inch jiameter.
Bench heichts are 12 to 18 m averaging
15 m. Drilling patterns and
ROTARY DRI LLS
overdrilling ranoe from 100 to 300 t of
tlasted material per m of drill hole. YL·O.096(X)O •• 61
r
~L' ,...
1,000 .! x .! 10,000
abov~ by drill sizes, bit sizes, powder 1/ ~J
~ ~,,~~(~ ~
factors, and drill pattern. To
determine drilling and blasting costs, 17
.;:fI;' ... V .• v" "~/l.£1~ ...~ ...
consideraticn must be given to material
hardness, abrasiveness, natural
1,000 ....
....... I ....
l' ~
fractures and jointing, and maximum size ~ R,;f2.K'cI'
¢" ... ~.,.,.. .
j,'
~
" ~";
~~...
fragments that can be loaded, hauled and ~
processed. Where the above conditions v'" ...~~~+,,0 ..., ~'\."
.'\.~;,
are unfavorable, the costs shown on the v:~~ toO: v to;;"
curves can 1e increased up to 100~. For ......
~avorable ccnditions, the costs can be 100
reduced up to 40~. I 10 100 1,000
HETRIC TONS PER DAY X 10'
8
methods and encompassing a range from Equipment Operation
1,000 to 300,000 tId. F = 0.0546(P)o.O_T(L)o.3~3
l/l//
R=·1.0)
=
L Length of Haul in m
'5 I: .,.l1ex)··967
Y•• 0 •• 25(X)··916
',.11 .! X .! JOO,OOO _ ,o+-
For a typical front-end loader and truck
operation, the labor cost is based on a I o~~"//
,f-
composite crew havinq an average rate of 10,000
~~:N~RUL~KA~~RS :t-~ 1/
~0'"
$8.15 per worker-hour with a loader ~
i 'L • 1J.60(X)··,n
~
9
is 8 ratio of 3.2 trains for each are based on a one-way haul of 900 m on
shovel. The curves reflect a one-way a level orade and include a 6~ rolling
haul of 8,800 m on a +3~ grade from 8 resistance in the pit area. To
pit 240 m in depth. To determine costs determine costs for varyinq haul lengths
for hauls of varyinq length or grade, and grades, multiply the costs obtained
multiply the costs obtained from the from the curves by the following
curves by the following factors: . factors:
Where: Where:
F = Factor F =
Factor
L = Length cf Haul in m L = Lenoth of Haul in m
G = Grade, defined as 1.0t(~orade/100) G = Grade, defined as 1.0t(~qrade/100)
,j;~/
~-:;. .
+. .
01}" 1.-"
100 10,001
10 100 ~~ 7'
.<f':"
i
"..
METRIC TONS PER DAY X 10' ~,
r•
3.1.1.3.2. EXCAVATION, LOAD AND HAUL
RAIL HAULAGE
!l>0"
"t'#'l
V"
..... ~/.. "
F,quipment operating cost 1istrlbution 1,000
~~
2~OOD ! x .! 'oo~ooo
10
Curve 3.1.1.3.4. covers diesel powered 3.1.1.4. CORE DRILLING
draglines excavating and casting 8
medium digning overburden and waste Core drilling varies from nonexistent to
material from a dry pit into a spoil extensive depending on many unknown
pile. The material is assumed to weigh factors. Cere drilling is performed on
2.0 t/m 3 • The curve is in two parts. centers varying from 30 m to 245 m and
From 2,000 to 15,000 tId, crawler to varying depths. Core drilling can be
draglines range in size from 1.5 to 15 expected tc cost from $50 to $65 per m
cubic yard capacity. Above 15,000 tId, with average progress of 15 m per drill
the curve is based on 25 cubic yard shift for NX (3") holes depending on the
walking draalines. ~ dozer is provided hardness of the rock, quantity and depth
with each draQline for cleanup and to be drilled, and location, access, and
support. weather conditions.
For a typical dragline operation, the
labor cost is based on a composite crew Logging of cores and testing of samples
havina an av~rage labor rate of $8.21 indicate subcontract prices for bore
per worker-hour with draglin~ operators hole 1099ing are between $3 and $6 per m
at $8.30, oilers at $7.65, and dozer for 150 m holes. For additional details
operators at $8.24. see Section 4.1.1. (Exploration). Note
that ther~ is not always a direct
Equipment cperating cost tiistribution relationship between core drilling
for draglin~ operation: during mine operation and core drilling
Draqlines 70 .O~ for preproduction exploration.
Crawler Dozers 28.01.
Rubber Tired Support 2.0% 3.1.2. "IMING OF ORE
11
The curves indicate average costs for a 3.1.2.2. EXCAVATION, LOAD AND HAUL -
wide range of materials as can be noted ORE
above by drill sizes, bit sizes, powder
factors, and drill patterns and The curves are presented in three parts
therefore do not lend themselves to covering a variety of excavation methods
factorinQ for different hardness of and encompassing a range from 100 to
rock. To determine drilling and 100,000 tid. The following
~lastin9 costs, consideration must be distrihution applies to all equipment in
given to material hardness, this section:
abrasiveness, natural fractures and
joints, maximum size fragments that can EQUIPMENT OPERATING COST DISTRIBUTION
he loaded and hauled, and maximum or
optimum size fragments to be crushed or nESCRIPTIOH REPAIR FUEL TIRES
procf>ssed. PARTS f. LUBE
Shovels, ElectriC 947- 67.*
The labor cost for a typical rotary Shovels, Diesel 84"- 16r.
drill operation is ~ased on an average Rear Dump Trucks 187- 377- 45"
labor rate for a rotary drill and blest Crawler Dozers 70'7. 307.
crew of $8.00 per worker-hour including Locomoti ves, Elect. 89'7. 1 U~*
rotary drill operators at $8.34. The Locomoti ves, Diesel 46 r. 54~
labor cost for a typical percussion Other Equipnlent 3n 32" 35~
drill operation is based on an average
labor rate for drill and ~last crew ~f * Where electric powered equipment is
S7.91 per worker-hour including used. supply curve is for electric power
percussion drill operators at $8.17. only.
The supply costs for both curves include Curvp 3.1.2.1.1. covers from 100 to
drill bits and steel related items at 10,000 tid of ore using front-end
247, of the total with the remaining 76~ loaders and trucks. Th~ loaders range
for blastino supplies. in si7.p from 1 cubic yard for the small
mines to 6 cubic yards for the larger
Fquipment oreratinq costs include drills mines. The truck size varies from 10 to
75% and supporting equipment 257. .• 35 US tons. The curves reflect an
average one-way haul of 750 m on an B~
grade from a pit 60 m in ~epth. To
10, DOO
determine costs for varying length haul
r--cRLLER
r--=~
T~PE ~EJcJSS!ON bRILLS
or depth of pit, multiply the costs
obtained fro~ the curves by the
.-
YL at 1.798CX)O,821 '" following factors:
"'s 1/"- ~~'" '"
.'
II' LlftgeX)O.719
f- Y = O.60J(X,O.8B
f
","'" Labor Factor,
100! x ! lO~DDO
,,'" '" ,Y' .,.;§'~'V'/
" '" F = 0.155(R)o.030(L)o.Z~3
1,000
",' ;' .I'
-~
'"
,,'" ,,' ,,' '" '" 1",- Equipment Operation Factor,
.... "";'" F = 0.080(R)o.O~7(L)o.3S3
'" ,,' ,,' ~ ~~".r. '"
:.)"'1;
'V~.
.'"
?i'" 1/ "';",' L'
~'"
~ 0,'~~'" Wh ere:
= Factor
,,' .1, to'> " ," ..~~" r
","" rI:. I.~"",
R = Depth of Pit in ~ (- or or.
100
,,' '"
" .,~,. . '" ~
~,
R=1.0)
grade,
" o~"i.·'
~It-.~""
,," ,~...':,'"
1
ROTARY DRI LLS
L = Length of Haul in m
'--~ -
Y : O.OJ)(X)O.972 For a front-end loader and truck
typic~l
" L
"'" "'5
vf:
:II'
:r
o.on(x)O.lJ87
O,Olt6(X)O.860 -
oper~tion. the labor cost is based on a
composite crew having an average labor
1,000 ~ x !. 100,DOO rate of $8.15 per worker-hour with a
10
0.1 10 11. loadpr operator at SP.19 and truck
METRIC TONS PER DAY X 10 3 driver at $7.65.
3.1.2.1. DRILL AND BLAST Fquipment oreratinq costs for loader and
t ru cr. oper a tJon:
load€·rs 15.8~
Pear rump Trucks 41.8'Y
12
Crawler Dozers 22. 7~
Rubber Tired Support 19.7'7.
1",0"
, ELECTRI C SHOVELS
AND TRUCKS
"
'L • o''',O(X)O.II. I
~.
Curve 3.1.2.2.1. covers mines produclnQ Vs • t.Ot/(.)o.n7 I
fro~ 8,000 to 100,000 tId of are. The v•• 0.22SC.)0,,,6 !
loading units are electric shovels ',IOO! x.! 100,000 I-V
ranQinq in size from 5 to 15 cubic yar~s
and average 10 cubic yards.
trucks from
Rear dump
35 to 100 US tons are the
10,000
~~.~~~
;:."'/ ./
main haulin9 units, with the average FRONT ~ND LOADERS AJlD TRUCKS
..q~
size of all trucks at 85 US tons. The
ratio of trucks to loading
averaoes 6 to 1. The curves are based
units
.:
r- TL • n.60eX)O.S03
~ 'fe-
.... oex)O.599
Ih v~04",
F = 0.1173(R)o.030(L)o.Z63 100
0.1 10 100
METRIC TONS PER. DAY X 10 3
13
operation cost by 197 and increase For cutter head dredaino, increase the
supplies by the same dollar amount. supply curve by 357. and increase
equipment operation 100~.
fquipment o~erating costs for shovel and
rail operation:
10,0"
Shovels 19.9f.
tocomotives 34.57
Muck Cars 13.67-
Rubber Tirec Support 32.0';
",.n I I .........
..........
...
V
ELeCTRI C SHOVELS AND TRAINS
1--'"
~ ...... ",
YL
Ys
11
1:
1,216()()··125
0.203(X)0.791
1,000
... ""...
"0"'",,
."
--- ----
Y • O.I51(X)',·15
f
/'" f~+
20,000 .! x ! 100.GOO
",'>
~~~ ....
~qq",~~~.,.
,
1•• 00. :11/o~
~O~_-
.. +....
----- ~'ll'-"",,~ -
."" --T o,t..""
v-~\Ol' - - "'
L "'''':~
,,/ /.~,
'" ","'",0:
.""..,....,...",. -- F-
.
.:
8
",'"
",,,,,,,'" ",'"'"
v'"
",'"
Yl. =- 16,58(X)0.522
Ys
Y
= O.'ltl(X)O.I7J
O. U2(X)O •• 56
.
IE
.: E
8
c;IJ':!.\..\t.
S
........ --- .--
100
1,,000 .! x.! 20,,000
-
I 10 II'
I ••••
~- CUBIC METERS PER DAY X 10 3
The supply curve consists of electric This set of curves covers the cost for
power only. the general operations custo.arily
reQuired in surface mining operations.
Equipment operation costs consist of 95~
Examples of services provirled are
repair parts aort 570 lubrication. plumbing, miscellaneous repairs, rough
and finish carpentry, incidental jobs,
14
fire protection, electrical maintenance 1.... /
and qeneral housekeepinq. They are V
plotted for la~or, supplies and //
equipment cperation on the basis of
total quantity of ore and waste handled JI
per day. L/
,,"
The averag€ labor cost is $7.54 per /
100
worker-hour with general laborers at
$6.91. Th~ size of the workforce
i ,-,"t/ "
required will vary from a small crew of
one or two persons working a fractional ..
L
~~"
".:J
y"
day to possibly thrEfe shift.s of from 12 /'
to 24 persons per day. .:..
8 l/ "
Rquipment operation consists of repair "
10
parts 307., tires 107. and fu~l and lube "
60';. -.
1/
10,00 0
.
..... Vs • a.221(X)'·'''·
1,.-........ "'0 .! x .i ItOO,OOO
100 .! x .! l,DOD
-
~o"
-~ .... ~....
".... ,,"
.... ........ 3.1.4.2. WATER SUPPLY SYSTE~
........ ,.."....
........ .... 3.1.4.3. DRAIIAGE AID DISPOSIL SISTEK
" ....
ltO "
.: -.)~~"
...~
' o~~.,..""di'" The curve shows the. daily cost
8 " . ~,,~ associated with pumping and disposinq of
,,"" ,.." e,;'
..0: a given quantity of water against a
" "
,/ . specific hea~. The user mnst determine
the quantity of water to be handled and
""
YL • S.1S2(X)D.SJO the associated head loss including
friction, elevation and minor losses.
""" ,,"
YS·D,lJ)(X,··n\
VI! • O.1211CX)··660 The product of these values, expressed
,," 1,000.! x .:! 1100,000 in m-m 3 /d, will enable a determination
10 ltO 1.000 of daily COEt.
METRIC TONS PER OAY X 10 3 • TOTAL ORE AND IIASTE
The labor curve is based on a cost of
3.1.4.1. GENERAL ITEMS $8.65 per worker-hour.
16
/
Note that from an economic standpoint,
.IV
the lower limit is $150 per day (for 10
persons) and the limit above a daily
.IV workforce of 1,800 persons is equivalent
1...-
/ to $8.50 per person per day. If the
camp is to be operated on a seasonal
11. ",
basis due to inclement weather, increase
~' ./ the cost by 25l •
...- ./
",'"~Y
.,.)'I.~ ...-
V V
./
111,011
/' ,
11
I"V
j
"v/ /'" .'
i ./ ." V /
:•
..
...- ~JL+- ,o~ .. /
./
V ../'V.;:- <1Ji.9 10,000
D
/ /
~~,
"q~ .,,,V
'/
:•
~
,,-
'" " "
...;I".
""
'"
/
YL z l.25XlO- S(X)t.O
Ys. l.25XlO- It CX,l,O 1,'1'
V
,,' /' Te: • ,.2ltXlO- 6 (X)l.O
/ CNf1 OPIRATlON DAILY COlT
-
-
1/ 1/" 10,000 .! X .! 6,000,000
,_ • 1I.SlCI)··1t1
-
.1
10 /' 100 1,000 11,0" V II ,! • .1 1,. •••
16
Class 70 F = 16.08(X)-0.710
To adjust values for competitive haul
areas use 8 factor of 0.68; to adjust
for nonmountainous areas use a factor of
0.95; and, to adjust for loads of 23 t
or more use a factor of 0.95.
txample:
17
drilling, leading, blasting, mucking and 1,"1 . , - - - - - - - , - - - - - - - - , - - - . . . . . , . - - - , . . - - - .
hauling plus track, vent line and
utilities installation.
.-
The equipment operation curve is based
on the use of battery locomotives and is
composed of repair parts 89~ and fuel
and lube 11X. If diesel locomotives are
used, increase the equipment operation
value by 201 and decrease the supplies
27.. ...-......
Factors:
Add for tough, abrasive rock drilling:
8% steel.
Add for difficult breaking rock:
8.5')( explosives.
Add for regular pattern rock bolting:
10% steel and 7~ labor.
19
1,DO 0 I, ••
• _.
..........
"'~;;;
."...,...,.,-
1.,,'01'-.... .. . ~ ............
......
....... 'I..\t~_ ..
..-----
-1'''''\t.!t~'''' .,; ,~ ........
10D
~";
....
~~
...
100
~\~......... "'"
....W ,c/",/' \,,.t.";'.~
toll\!..
~
~'" '" e! V"
... :
Qq
~'"
Y
L
lI: 56.07(X)o.Jft2
.
f
o 's lI: \J.DJ(X)O.JU
u
~o: 'II!: • J. JOJ(X)o. II' r
",,,,,,,
It .! X .! JO
10
10 100 'l'L • 10. ,'eX)O .1" -
SQUARE METER FACE AREA
"s • Jl.lOeX)O.'57
Yr .... 'I66(X)a.tol
20
topside cranes and loaders servicinq the Supplies are cOMposed of steel 1teas 33"
shaft sinkinq). (drill bits and steel. pipe, etc.),
explosives 38~, timber 28" and pover 1".
Factors:
When concretino a large shaft The equiP"ent operation curve Is
concurrently with sinking, reduce labor composed cf repair parts 911. and
12~, add 18' to supply curve for lubrication 9".
concrete and foras, and reduce equipMent
operation 3.5". If a simple chute with steel bottom lip
and steel door at the bottom of a raise
If shafts are to be laqqed with tiaber, is used, add $265 to the total labor
increase labor 9~, increase tiMber cost and $750 to the total supply cost
~ortion of supply curve 38~. and for each raise. If grizzly chains and
increase equipment operation 13~. air cylinders are to be included also,
add an additional $265 to the total
Services installed in shaft include labor cost and $1.500 to the total
guides, .aDways, air, vater and vent supply cost for each raise.
lines, and all electrical cables. signal
lines, and lighting. Sinking i5 If the raises are Dot tiMber lined
considered to be done with a sinking deduct 28" from supply curve and 30X
headframe. Costs for permanent hoisting from labor curve.
facilities ~re included in Section
4.3.2.2. (Hoisting Facilities). I .....
1.....
........-:: e
Itl
~
SUI'·Lll[S
--
V
I
V' ~
V ~
V ",..0/ i
tI ~~ .;
II
i•
V v~
~
r ~~~
~ "L • _st.n(a)··'" 'L • U,IHCX)""'
'I. ,... no),·IIt" _
"I. sa.'7(X)···
i V '.. .,.,J(X)··"' 'E • '.712(K)·· .. "
,.!X.!,
II.
.. .! I .! " 1
1 , 10
1 11 1. .
SqUARE MEUR RAts! AREA
SQIWIE METER SIW'T AREA
21
cutouts, chute installations ~nd box or miscellaneous supplies.
mill holes. In block caving, all of the
draw raises, undercut drifts, mill F.quipment operation cost is $0.75 per m
holes, and scrams if used, would be and is composed of 88" repair parts and
considered as stope devp.lopment. 12% luhrication.
The costs given below are averaQes from For EX core drilling (1-1/2" hole),
several mines. Should the user desire, reduce labor cost 9~ per m.
stope preparation costs may also be
determined usin9 the applicable cost The amount of core drilling required
curves (drifting, raising, haulage, will vary for different types of
etc.) that fit the particular situation. operations and is not based on dally
mine production. Therefore, the user
Overhand stopes (flat back, rill, must rletermine the quantity and type of
vertical face and square set stopes), cores thftt will be needed.
shrinkage stopes, room and pillar and
block cavinQ are in the lower cost 3.3.2. ftINIRG OF aBE
range, frOM $1.00 to $2.48 per t of mine
production. The curves in this section reflect costs
associated with mining of ore by various
Cut and fill, longhole or sublevel methods and are taken through the
stopes are in the median cost range, loadinQ operation. Haulage, hoisting
from $2.34 to $3.89 per t of mine and transporting of materials, are
production. covered in ~ection 3.3.3. (Haulage of
Ore).
Combination methods or nonuniform ore
bodies will he in the upper cost range. 3.3.2.1. SHRIRKAGE STOPES
from $3.75 to $5.23 per t of aine
production. The curves for shrinkage stope minino
cover a range of overall production
Labor is 66~ of the total cost using varying from 18 to 36 t per worker-shift
miners at S8.29 per worker-hour. and average 28 t per worker-shift.
The supplies cost is 30~ of the total The average labor cost is based on a
cost and is composed of steel items 40l, miner's rate of $8.29 per worker-hour.
explosives 35~, timber 12~ and
misceilaneous items 13~. Supplies consist of steel related items
31~, explosives 53r., timber 6~ and
Equipment operation expenses compose the miscellaneous items 10r..
remaining 4~ of the total cost and
consist of repair parts 91~ and Equipment operation consists of 90~
lubrication 97.. repair part~ and 10~ lu~rication.
22
10,000 factor will remain constant at 0.95.
,,'
",'
i
",,,' "
""
... ...... ,,/
V ......
...... r " ,/
,,",," o~
..~
t.'" "
YL • 75. "(X)·· .. "
,,' ~'\ ...,....
"
Ys • O."7CX)···ftS
YI! .... 072(X)··501 - lOO
t.~~"''''
100 ! X .! ".000 "
10
100 ",,,,' '"
J,OOO
METRI C TONS PER DAY YL • t.,71CX)O.9U
fS • 2.1"eX)0."8
110 .! x .! 1.000
10
3.3.2.2. COT AND FILL STOPES 1 I 1, ••• 10, II
METRIC TONS PER DAY
The curves for cut and fill stope mining
are for overall production, includin~ 3.3.2.2. CUT AND FILL STOPES
placement of backfill, ranging from 10
to 13 t per worker-shift and averaging 3.3.2.3. O'EBHAID STOPES
12 t per worker-shift.
Overhand stopes are defined as flat
The average labor cost is based on a tack, rill, vertical face and square set
miner's rate of $8.29 per woiker-hour. stopes in which constant timbering Is
required. The curves for overhand stope
Supplies consist of steel related items mining are for overall production
14V" explosives 28~, timber 42l, power ranging from 5 to 8 t per Yorker-shift
c% and cement 107.. and averaging 7.3 t per worker-shift.
Equipment operation consists of 90~ The average labor cost is based on a
repair parts and 10r. lubrication. miner"s rate of $8,29 per worker-hour.
The curves include excavation of the Supplies consist of steel related items
are, slushing to chutes and sand 15%, explosives 15~, timber 607., power
backfill operations including chute and 5~ and misc~llaneous items 5~.
manway extensions.
Fquipment operatibn consists of 89~
The curves are based on stopes 5.25 m repair parts and 11~ lubrication.
wide with varying lengths. For stopes
from 1 to 6.5 m wide, multiply each The curves are based on stopes 7.2 m
curve value by the following factor: wide with varying lengths. For stopes
from 1 to 7.2 m wide, multiply each
curve value by the following factor:
23
~'here: It,'"
W = Width in m
t,,-
For widths greater than 7.2 m, the V
factor will remain constant at 1.0. ,,'
",,/
1,'" ~'
$I , es,
~';
,," V'
,/ ,. V"
I,."
~l ~.... " ,,'
~"
...."
l,.-'
V
~ ".... ~...<I'....
........... <1"'" . . . .
II.
V III
/'
/
~,,~;
.,;,'
......
~
....'
.... "....
........
...~.
:\
o'~' V. . YL • o. 7I'(X)·· . .,
(t)".
...
~~~ ~"
"S ••• .,' .. ex)···..
~,.,. V TI! • 0 •• 'I(X)··tt7
......
..
........ III.! X .! 11.000
.... / ....
.: 'L . . . . IJ(X),·-'I 10
8 TS. tl.77(X)··'" -
10.
SI.oo " I,ll.
MET" C TONS PeR DAY
11,,'
'I • , ..... (X) •• Ut
I'!.X.!."
I I I
3.3.2.4. LONGHOLF. STaPES
II
10 II. I,". 3.3.2.5. ROOK AND PILLAR
MET. . C TONS PER DAY
24
1..... " .....
/:
V ......
~
~
10-......
1.....
~ ... ~r
~
V' /'" 1-"
...... "t"
........./
i
r /' ,., <§~
.,........~
...... ...... ",'"
,p""'''' ,,~
~"',.)'I.~
V
1....
~..." rJI'
1..-......
h ....... . . ~
.,..4.......
tIt; ......
... ",'V'"
!:". .7 ':''I.,~""", I, •••
"'L
i ......t.Cl!.......... t,"
tf",?;r
r .........
1-''''
.. .
",
....:J
~
'"
...."''''..
......
......... 'L • ,.,I7(X) •• I"
L YL ••• 110(X)'· UI -
Ys • I.U'(X)··IU
' I . . . . . 7(X)··n7
'5. 1.U'CX)··tOJ
' I ' .! x.! JO, . . .
't: • O.UseX)I ••
1••
1,000 ! X .! 10,.0' 1..
I"." 11, •••
25
10.000 100 ....
7
v
l/
",'P
-..l
" .,/ "'"-~'"
'" '........
~~
~..... ID,DOO
/'
.... ~
£V "'~!.
" ."." /' '"
1.000
./ ""1 ,,' '" /'
~
'7 7 ............ -l..--......... ~q"",
\f(,".,
."~r· ""~
\.0
'"
",."
. p [7 /'"
-~ I. ",,"'i-"'/'o'~'"
a
~
q
1,000 '" t,o..~"~'"
'P
/' ",'"
,q /'
t,~ YL ••. 1t29CX}··517 '"
Vs o.3IS(X)1.0 ",'"
V
II
26
10,011 1",'00
/~
1,001
",'" '" 10,000 V
'" -- -'"
--
--- /'" ,
.... -- .... V
V
3 -';!'!f! ~- ./ V
E 100 -- -- - ,.."
",'"
.......... ~ 1,000
L V
.: "!f"~'" t..,.. \a;, J - r- 0"
~ ......
8 ... I k"~"" •r / .'"
V
V
..S.
1/ n\l\!,.
; ... /
~~~
,,'"~ ",'"
",'"
,'" ....... /
-:,...
"
...'"
10 lOa
v -'" 0+,,-
...... ,/ .;:"."
'L • "."(X)·· 17.
", ••.•"CX),·," ,/ fI"
"'~'"
~+
'I ••• 1710)··\72
~~ ...
1 .... .1 X.! lO ........ )/ toeS: '"
;.'
10
10 100 1#'" 11.1.1
-'" 'L • J.,u(X)·· 197
METRIC TON METER PER DAY X 10'
1.-.......
'" '5 = 0.671(X)0.117
' I :::r 0.112(X)0.799
3.3.3.1. HOISTING
,/ 20 ~ X ~ 100.000
I
3.3.3.2. RAIL HAULAGE 10 100 1,010 10,000 100,000
METRI C TON KJ LOHETERS PER DAY
~hp costs associated with rail haulao~
are based O~ tId of ~aterial hauled a 3.3.3.2. RAIL HAULAGE
9iv~n distance expressed in km. The
curve is applicable to main line as well 3.3.3.3. CONVEYOR HAULAGE
as spur line haulage and is based on
batt~ry locomotive operation. Thp. use cf conveyors is much more
prevalent in the softer nonmetallic
The average labor cost is $7.52 per mines than in the hard rock mines, and
worker-hour with motormen at $7.88 and their us~ is generally associated with
swampers at $7.16. room and pillar operations. The costs
associated with conveyor haulage are
Supplies consist of miscellaneous items hased on the tid of material conveyed a
90~, steel it~ms 6% and power 4X. giVen distance expressed in km. The
curves are applicable to conveyor
Equipment operation consists of repair systems of any length so long as the
parts 91~ and lubrication 9~. product (in t-km/d) does not exceed the
curve limits.
If trolley locomotives are to be used,
reduce ~quipment operation 10%. Conveyor operation consists of
maintenance labor, power, repair parts
If diesel locomotives are to be used, an~ lube. Conveyor costs are based on
equipment operation cost should be conveyors rangin9 in width from 760 to
increased 1.8 times. Total supplies 1,829 mm having lengths of ~O to 1,000
cost should be reduced 3% due to reduced m.
power requirements.
The supply curve consists of electric
Equipment operation With. diesel pover only.
locomotives consists of repair parts 461-
and fuel and lube 54%. Equipment operation consists of repair
parts 95~ and lubrication 5~.
27
Labor Factor, The labor curve is based on a cost of
F = 1+0. 0 II 17 ( R ) $7.97 per worker-hour for drivers of
Qreater than 20 US ton trucks. For
Supplies Factor, drivers of 20 US ton or slaller trucks,
F = 1+0.3750(R} a cost of $7.65 per Worker-hour may be
used to adjust the labor curve.
Fquip~~nt Orerating Factor,
F :: 1+0.091HR) ~guipment cperation consists of repair
parts 297.. fuel and lube 32" and' tires
Where: 39o.t.
F :: Factor
F = Conveyor incline in degrees ~he curves are valid for orades froa
level to 2~. To determine daily costs
In th~ case of a decline conveyor, use for Qrades Qreater than 2~. multiply the
the horizontal costs without adjustment. costs obtained from the curve by the
followinq factors:
I ....
1--. Laber Factor.
F = O.98(GP·S30
lot .,-
~
iF
~here:
F = Factor
lL G = Grade. defined as 1.0±C"grade/100l
/' /
~~ a., •••
I' /
./
V
f7
.,-1
/ ,,,/
",
:/
"
,,/
V
r• ""~ ,,'
if" ,,'"
.: /V ~+'" ~
1,,1 .,
~...
«~ . ,;,
cI'.
8 V t.~ ,,~,
;to'" 'L'
,;to?,
v
'-
/' k~".,
,
"'~
~,.
,
I".! • .! II,,'" r ","
0.10
It. 1.008 I ..... 1 ......
.: / "
.,.,,,"""
METR I C TON U LOIIETERS PEl DAY
§ .1'';'
0;,,'"
","
3.3.3.3. CONVEYOR HAULAGE I.
,
3.3.3.4. TRUCr HIULAGE ,," 'L ••• 2n<x)1 •• -
The costs associated with truck haulage //" 's = •.• 10eK)I.1
are hased on tid of material hauled a 'I! • '.SUO)··1)1t -
given distance expressed in km. The "",,,,,,, tol ~ X ~ to.I"
28
3.3.3.5. tOAD-BAUt-DU!P HAUtAGE 3.3.'. CEIlBlt OPERATIOIS
The costs associated with load-haul-dump 3.3.'.1. CIIERlt ITERS -
(tHD) haulage are based on tId of COBIUIICATIOIS, SIIITATIOI,
material hauled a given distance BOUSIKIEPIIG, FIRE PROTICTIOI liD
expressed in k.. The curve is ELECTRICAL
applicable to anr haul length so long as
the product (in t-k./d) does not exceed This item is intended to cover those
the curve limits. None of the curves work tasks not directly attributable to
are dependent on the size of unit being a specific mine operation. Included are
used. deliverr of aaterials and supplies,
maintenance of roads, service and
The labor curve is based on the cost of aaintenance of communications,
an LHD cperator at SS.17 per electrical maintenance, sanitation and
worker-hour. housekeepinq facilities, and other
miscellaneous work.
Equipment operation consists of repair
parts 43~, fuel and lube 24l and tires The average labor cost is $7.60 per
33~. worker-hour with general laborers at
$6.91. The size of the workforce
The curves are valid for grades from required viII vary from a saal1 crew of
level to 2~. To deter.ine daily costs one or two persons vorking a fractional
for orades greater than 2~, aultiplr the dar to possibly three shifts of from 50
costs obtained fro. the curve br the to 60 persons per day.
following factors:
Miscellaneous supplies are priced at
Labor Factor, SO.10/t.
F = 0.9S(G)Ie!530
The eguip~ent operation curv~ is
Equipment Operation Factor, composed of repair parts 42r., tires 12~
F =
0.98(G)1.620 and fuel and lube 46~.
Where: 11."0
F= Factor II
-f--
~...
,,'i
'/
.•i
L
110
!/1 I,....
....
~,<i'
I
...
...
~ ,--
1....
.8
,:
....
/
~ ~~....
~; "ftI'"
o'''!!
i 1/. . V
.
«
L
~~
C7 ,,~..
'"
.....
/' I......
.... /
f-
...'
v. .
L...
"'''~~
l!- II
,.
8 .,..../
L.....~ 1/ TL • t.tU(lC)o.n,
1
1•• /;Iv Tt :I" 0.111':0 ••
TE l.tUCX)··-'"
./ ~.... Ii:
29
shape of the ore body, the system of 11....
mining, depth of operations, workforce
requirements and type of equipment to be
used under9round. As a result of the
many variables encountered, there is no
standard or ideal system of mine I ....
'I
ventilation. ./
/
Ventilation require.ents mBY range from /
1 to 6 m3 /min of air per t of material i
mined depending upon the factors set or
r ",'~ ,. k'
forth above, as well as the MESA (now III .,.;s~q
./
~SHA) ventilation regulations. The ,: ~. ,.
V '"
8 ,.
curves shown are based on m3 /min of
venilation air at a total pressure of 6" ,~~
~~~-'" ~~~
W.~. (15.24 em). The user must .,a." ,. /'
determine what quantity of air is II V ~,.
./
required for the type of mining TL = O.02S(X)O.67S
/ ",'
TS • o.OI7(X)l.l
operation selected and the total ",,'
~'
pressure to be expected. Since, for a ,,- 'E = 0.0100),·111
15 • .! x .! 110,000
given volume of air the total pressure V
will affect the horsepower requirements, J/
an adjustment must be made to the supply 101 K $I." 1,000 10,000
CUBIC METERS PER MINUTE
100,000 1,000,000
30
shift and average 0.20 m3 /min installed mine's water reqUirements are at least
capacity per t mined per shift. partially met by the availability of
subsurface drainaQe. Should this be the
The labor curve is based on the cost of case, an appropriate reduction can be
compressor operators at $7.65 per made from the curve values.
worker-hour.
I,DlD
$I OlD
The supply curve consiFts of electric
power only. /
Fqulpment cperation consists of repair
1/
parts 73~ and lubrication 27~. II
101
11,000
/
i ~v"
,.,y
.,.." ..'!-
10
...
0
'
/ -
,/ u
1,000 '" /
i V
...• ,.,"
",'
.. .. ~v".?1
.:;~",'"
-~-
",'" /
S
L~-
",'" I.~~t-
---
-'" Vs • o.ouex)l.O
100
- o~I
'" 0.10
20 .:! x ~ 61,000
~""
10 1 0 I, 00 10,000 100,'10
31
• .. ,.S~ Cost per day = ~,090(.3)+(.7)(.6)J =
/ $6,545
/
-,V Note that from an economic standpoint
/'
..../'" the lover limit is $150 per day (for 10
persons) and the limit above a dally
/'
." ./ the cost by 25%.
"'.... ......... .....'"
.,./ '"
10-.....
"',00 0
....~I-.",~
/~
i V/ V.... dI~"'/
• 1_.. +'\ ....
.,-
r 'I .... ..o.~'i...
,-II> ....
/ .....
/
......
.... '
/
....
......../
.........
~
......
10,000
/
........ ...-
......... ........
.........
.r ,<:./
~
....
IL' ,:
YL • 1. 15K1. -5 ex)I.'
TS -= 1.25XlO- 'X)1.0
If
- §
1,000
;'
V
Yr • ,.nX1O-'ex)1 •• - ...- CAMP OP'I!ItATION DAILY COST
-
serves to illustrate the use of this
Matarial to Denve, Mtn-Pac. Westem S. Western Southern Offlci8l
curve. be shipped Rate Factor Factor Factor Factor
.8
only room (i.e. units have ~itchens). NA Not available
32
To adjust values for competitive haul
areas use a factor of 0.68; to adjust
for nonmountainous areas use a factor of
0.95J and, to adjust for loads of 23 t
or more use a factor of 0.95.
Example:
33
the supervision and various other 3.4.1.3. AD"IIISTRATIVE EQUIP"!NT
administrative functions required for OPERATION
underground mines of varying sizes. The
number of administrative (salarie~) This curve includes ad~inistrative
employees varies from 3 to 4 persons equipment operation expensp for vehicles
working a single shift in the smaller such as se1ans, pickups and flatbed
~ines to as many as 80 or more in tbe trucks. The approximate curve
larger (8,000 US tons and up) mines. components are: tires 2X, repair parts
40~, fuel and lube 37r.. and repair labor
~he breakdcwn of personnel into various 21~ assuminQ the equipment is used 50~
classifications together with th£ of its available time.
average percentage of cost attr ibutable
to each is as follows: u,ooo
I
Classification Percent ./
I!
.....t.':,?
!
,
Supervision 50 t'I'.,~ ","
Clerical
Engineering 29
5
1,000
~\~
¥f
~'t-\"'" ",'" '"
Assaying & ~etallurgical ",. .""J'
7
«"....
t.'"
4 ~\~ I I '. ~c.+...,,,,.
Purchasing t Warehousing
Safety & Fir~t Aid 3 1.1. \~~~\I",
..,.... ~.t"--"
Security 2
[....0- j... J.~..;~ ",~),
,..."\\
...
100 .... o~t.'"
",.
~\"t"''''
'" '"
.,,,-,,",,, _.
Mine Superintendent $2,300 ",'" ~\
34
,. RINE CAPITAL COST ESTIRATIOR
costs for the various exploration
4.1. EXPLOBATIOR ARD ACCESS BOADS methods are given in a following table.
It is estimated that a regional
4.1.1. EXPLORATION appraisal will cost approxl~atelJ $q per
km 2 •
Fxploration can b~ defined as all the
activities and evaluations performed in ~tage 2 Detailed Reconnaissance of
order to locate and define mineral Favorable Areas
deposits for the purpose of extraction
now or in the future. Pesults of the regional appraisal might
indicate that within the 2,600 to
Exploration covers a wide r~noe of 260,000 km 2 regions, there are favorable
activities from an individual prospector areas ranging from 26 to 260 km2 which
searching for mineral outcrops to the would warrant further detailed
use of sophisticated equipment in ground investigation. The detailed
or airborne surveys attempting to detect reconnaissance would include geologic,
hidden mineral deposits followed by geochemical, and airborne and ground
extensive sampling and 10Qging of geophysical surveys in more detail than
excavations or drilling programs. For was used in Stage 1. Methods or
escalation, use F.NR Construction Labor techniques used in this stage would
Index, Item 2 in Section 2.8. probably include photo-geologic study,
aerial examination, outcrop examination,
In organized exploration pro~ram geologic mapping, boulder tracking,
consists of the four following principal stream sediment sampling, water
stages: sampling, rock sampling, aeromagnetic
surveys, airborne electromagnetic
Stage 1 Regional Appraisal. surveys, radiometric surveys, and other
Stage 2 Detailed Reconnaissance of remote sensing. Ground surveys would
Favorable Areas. also be made and would include gravity,
Stage 3 Detailed Surface Appraisal of magnetic, radiometric, seismic,
Target Areas. resistiVity, self potential and induced
Stage 4 Detailed Three-Dimensional polarization studies. Estimated unit
Sampling and Preliminary Evaluation. costs for the various exploration
methods arc given in a following table.
It has been noted that exploration It is ~stiwated that the cost of 8
programs startinq with regions ranging detailed reconnaissance survey would
from 2,600 to 260,000 km2 being reduced range from ~1,400 to $3,900 per km 2 •
to an ore body of approximately 1 km 2
have cost $190,000 to $2,700,000. Costs Stage 3 Detailed Surface Appraisal of
are dep£ndent on location, Target Areas
accessibility, qround cover, terrain,
weather and geologic complexity. If the results of the detailed
reconnaissance are favorable, they may
Stage 1 Regional Appraisal indicate areas ranging in size from 3 to
130 km~ where more detailed
A regional appraisal might cover an area inve~tigaticn is warranted. This stage
of 2,600 to more than 260,000 km 2 and of investigation would include all of
would consist of a compilation and the ground survey techniques or methods
geologic study of all available data of that were used in Stage 2, but with more
importance to the area such as geologic refinement, closer intervals and greater
information, geologic maps, aerial detail. The methods or techniques used
~hotographs, etc. In addition, the miQht include additional outcrop
appr~isal might include one or all of examination, geologic mapping, boulder
the following: an aerial examination, tracking, reck and specialized sampling,
field inspection, outcrop examination, and possibly assaying. In addition, the
qeoloqic mapping and investigation, various ground geophysical studies
stream sediment sampling, water including gravity, magnetic,
sampling, reck sampling. The appraisal radiometric. seiSMic, resistivity, self
also might include a limited airborne potential, and induced polarization
geophysical survey including remote would be made. Possibly this stage
sensing and possibly some ground would also warrant some trench
geophysical studies. The esti.ated unit excavation and drillino plus field Bod
35
laboratory tests. Unit costs for the 4.1.2. ICCESS BOADS
various techniques or methods are given
in a followino table. The estiaated
cost of this stage of exploration would
range fro. S9,700 to $29,000 per k.~. The curves for clearing for access roads
yield the cost per k. for roads varyino
Stage 4 Detailed Three-Dimensional in width fro. 3 • to 30 a. The curves
Sampling and Preliminary EValuation are based on estimated costs for
clearing medium qrowth on terrain with a
A detailed three-d1.ensional surveyor side slope of 251.. "edium growth varies
sampling of a target area ranging in froa heavy brush to one tree, 0.33 a in
size from 1 to 25 km2 or more would be diameter, per 40 m2.
made 1f it appeared that an economical
ore body existed. The sampling or For light cl~arin9, consisting mainly of
survey would be made to determine brush and small trees, the costs should
boundaries cr limits and depth, size, b~ reduced by 75~ of the base curve
shape, mineralization and grade. This values. For heavy clearing, defined as
stage of exploration would probably a dense growth of trees exceeding 0.33 •
include an extensive drilling program in diameter. the costs should be
together with borehole logging and increased by 75~ to 100~ of the base
geologic mapping. Excavation of test curve.
trenches, shafts and adits might also be
included. ~amples would be taken, field On terrain where the side slopes are
and laboratory tests would be conducted, Qenerally level, the costs can be
and assays would be qade to permit reduced by 20~ fro. the base curve. The
economic evaluations. The cost of the costs for clearing on 50~ side slopes
stage 4 exploration could vary greatly should be increased by 80~ to 1COl of
depending on location, accessibility, the bas~ curve. On steep slopes in the
~round cover, type of deposit. and the range of 100~, the clearing costs viII
pxtent of a drilling or excavation increase in the range of 200~ to 300r. of
prog~am. Pnit costs for various the base curve.
techniques cr methods are given in a
following table. The av~rage labor cost for a typical
clearing crew is $7.91 per worker-hour
with a common laborer at $7.21 and dOzer
operator at $9.56. Of the labor cost
shown, 10~ is for equipment repair labor
and the remaining 90% for the clearing
crew. Of the clearing crew cost. 55~ for
common laborers and 45~ for equipment
operators.
36
4.1.1. EXPLORATION
DESCB!PrIO. IIA1POWE! IIAIHOORS PER OIIT OIIT COST IEIIAlXS
iIQLQil~AL aEXKQAi
SUBFACE GEOLOGICAL IIAPPIIG 2-_ BEl 3-12 I SQ. XB. ._0 - .,50 I SQ. XI. RUE or PlODOCTIOI liD COS~ IS
DEPIIDEIT 01 TIIIAI •• CIOVID CO'II.
CORPLE!ITY or GIOLOGY. DIT1IL
REQOIRED AID SCALE or IIAPPIIC •
CEOLOGICAL IIFEBEICE • ,50 - '_00 I DAY A QUALIFIID GEOLOGIST IITEIPIETS
DATA SHOVI O. lAPS. PHOTOGIIPHS 01
FIILD I.VISTIGATIOIS.
ilWIma.LUtIlllU
CIA'ITATIOIAL SOI'EY 1 GIOPHISICIST
2-'
CREW
U. SUIYEI 12-50 I PIorILI XB • • 200 -'.600 I PIorILI XI. PIODUCTIOI VAlliS rlOI I FIW TO 50
IEADI.CS PII DAY DIPIIDI.C 01 TIPI
OF EQUIPB •• T. PIOOUCTIOI IS ALSO
DIPIIDIIT 01 STITIOI SPICII; liD
TEIIAII. SUI'EYI.G IS THI COSTLY
PHASE OF THE SOI'EY.
IAGllfIC SOIYEY
~
AIIIOIiE 1-' IIEI .,0 - .30 I PBorILI XI. BACKETIC. ILECTIOBIGII~IC liD
IADIOACTI'ITY SUIVEYS. ITC., 111
USUALLI TAXII COICUlal.TLI rlOI Oil
AIICIAFT AT _00 TO aoo LIII XB. PII
DAY. PIODUCTIOI AIO COS~ DEPIIOIIT
O. THE TIPE OF IIICIlrT IQUIPNIIT
ETC.
GIOOIO 2-3 lEI ,-e I PIOFILE XI. .eo - "00 I PIOFILE XB. PIODUCTION IS DEPEIDEIT 01
PIECISIOI AID SPACIIG OF 111DIIGS,
TIPE OF IQUIPB'IT, VEITHII, TIIIIII
AID BODE OF TIAVEL.
SEIsnc SUIYEY
0-150 BETElS D'PTH 2-7 lEI 1-_ I DEPTH DET. .20 - .60 I DEPTH DET. PORTAILE EQUIPIEIT VITH 5 TO 15
DEPTH DETEIBIIATIOIS PII DAY.
O'EI 150 BETER DEPTH 15-20 BEl 5-10 I DEPTH DET. .,00 - "50 I DEPTH DET. VIIIOSEIS EQUIPBEIT VITH 3 TO 15
DEPTH DETEIIIIIATIOIS PEl DAY.
IADIOACTIVITY SOIVEY
AlIIOIBE .,0 - .30 I LIIE XB. OSUALLY TAXEI CO.CUIIEITLY VITH
IIACNETIC AND ELECTIO!ACIITIC
SURVEYS FRO! DIE AIICIAFT AT
400-800 LINE XB. FER DAY.
PRODOCTION AND COST AlE DIPEIDEIT
ON THE TYPE OF AIRCRAFT AND
EQUIPK!NT, ETC.
4.1.1. EXPLORATION
DESCRIPTIOII IIUPOWER IIANHOURS PER UNIT UNIT COST RE!ARXS
GROUID 1 IIAN 1-2 I LINE XII. $10 - $20 I LIIE '". DEPEIDENT ON TERRAIII AND GROUIID 1'0
BE COVERED. SURVEY IS RUN AS FAST
AS TERRAIN CAN BE COVERED.
RESISTIVITY SURVEY 1 GEOPHYSICIST
INFRARED
COLOB OB BLACX AND WHITE $40 - $60 / SQ. KII. PHOTOGRAPHS COVER 40 SQUABE XII.
EACH.
THER!AL INFRARED I!AGE2Y $100 - $300 I SQ. XII. IIIAGE COVEP.S 40 SQUARE X!. ABEA.
AERIAL BADAB IIIAGERY
SIDE LOOKIIIG RADAR (SLAR) $2 - $4 / SQ. KII. USED FOR 13,000 OR II0RE SQUABE X!.
4.1.1. EXPLORATION
DESCBIPTION ftANPOWEB ftANHOURS PER UNIT UNIT COST REIIARIS
SATELLITE SURVEY $30 - $75 I PRINT 23 I 23 Cft. PRINTS AT 26,000 SQUARE
Kft. EACH ARE AVAILABLE FROR
U.S.G.s.
OTHER REftOTE SENSING RETHODS REftOTE SENSING DATA ACQUISITION CAl
COVER SEVERAL HUIDRED SQUARE KII.
PER DAY. COST OF INTERPRETATIOI
REDUCTION OR INTEPRETA~OI EOUAL TO
OR GREATER THAI COST OF
ACOUISITIOI.
GEOCHEftICAL ftETHOD§
STEAft SEDIftERT SAftPLING 1 liAR $10 - $20 I SQ. Kft. DEPENDEIT 01 SAIIPLIIG IITERVAL,
TERRAIN, ACCESS AND RODE OF TRAVEL.
RECORNAISAICE SOIL SAIIPLIIG 1 IIAN 0.05-0.20 / SAftPLE $3 - $15 / SAIIPLE
$600 - $3.000 / SO. KII. 50 TO 200 SAftPLES PER DAY DEPEIDEIT
01 ACCESS. TERRA1I. GROUND COVER
AID GEOLOGIC COIIPLEXITY.
DETAILED SOIL SAlfPLIIG 2 IIEI 1-2 / SAIIPLE $15 - S30 / SAIIPLE
HUIlUS SABPLIIG $15 - $30 I SAlfPLE
fg BIOLOGICAL SAftPLIRG S15 - $30 / SAlfPLE
WATER SAlfPLES $25 - $50 I SAIIPLE
IUULLU!¥ _I1U.ll2RS
CORE DRILLING
EARTH 0.8-3.3 / IIETER $15 - $50 / IIETER VARIES AS TO ACCESS, QUAITIT! AID
DEPTH OF HOLES.
SOFT ROCK NI 3- HOLE 2 liEN 1.6-3.3 / IIETER $25 - $50 / IIETER VARIES AS TO ACCESS QUAITITY AID
DEPTH OF HOLES.
HARD ROCK NI 3- HOLE 211E1 3.3-6.6 / IlETER $50 - S100 / RETER
CHURR DRILL 6- HOLE $15 - S80./ ftETER
PERCUSSION DRILLING 1-3 ftEN 0.1 / IIETER $5 - $15 / IIETER
AUGER SO.65 / DIA. CIf. / IfETER
ROTARY DRILLIIG
SOFT ROCK 5- HOLE 2 !EI 0.8-2.0 / IlETER $20 - S40 / IIETER VARIES AS TO ACCESS, QUAITIT! AID
DEPTH OF HOLE.
HARD ROCK 5- HOLE 211E1 2.0-3.3 / IfETER $40 - $65 / IIETER
applicable factor in order to obtain the
total valup of equipment expense for
ownership and operationl
.
C
III
lot 10,10'
,- '" ,,"
",'"
",'
'"
~o...,.'"
,",'" '"
.... ..
cI' ",'"
~~",,,,
:\" '"
... ...
w w 0'
w W
1,'00
~, ~~
III II:
..
.. .... .. ....W
W
W
· ·
I:>
U
I:>
U
.",'"
~~
",'"
1/1 II:
.... ....
-..: ...... ....., . ...
0 0
z u
1/1 .,..
0
III III
0
~
w ...
N
...
#
I:> ..... I
a:
....... ... ...
III .,..
0 .,..
... ...
III YL II ",.S(X)··107 -
0
..J §..' T£ '= 215.It(X)··70 •
Q..
X
I&J
.....
..... .
l1li
W
l1li
W
W 100
I 10
J .! x .! Jt
100
...
III
...
I:>
III U
· ·
I:> I:>
U
4.1.2.1.
ROADIIAY WIOT" METERS
.
1/1 0
· ....·
III
4.1.2.2. EXCAYATIOI
0
.
I:>
:0:
oC
II:
N
0
I
· ·
I
N
0 The curves for excavation of access
roads yiel~ the cost per km for roads
varyinq in width from 3 m to 30 m. The
curves are based on a dozer excavation
III
W
. . operation on level terrain, side-castino
.
:II
0 lot lot
II:
frOM cuts or ditches to a 30 ca fill or
~ II:
C ....I .... to waste. The m~terial to be excavated
II: .,.. is either hlasted rock or a common type
conolomerate presentino some difficulty
in cutting and drifting. Jf the
.aterials are found to be easy cuttino
and driftinQ, the costs obtained from
III
Q
0
.
E .... .....
\II' the base curves should be reduced 25~.
Tf the material is extremely wet and
.... • ..... .
\II
II: III sticky, costs should be increased by
... ...... . ....
\II \II W
0 \II \II
0 33~.
~ ~
~
H
~
~
...
W
~
1/1
W 0
. .
\II
On terrain where there is a side slope
;
U 0 C
the costs can be determined by
.... ...
1/1 Q II: Q l1li H :0:
14
... ... ...
W ~ 0 :0: a.: aultiplying each of the curve values by
..
A W III U U
lot 0 oC oC 0
D: ~ W W the factor obtained from one of the
0 '"
III III
following equations:
40
For side slopes oreater than 0" up to II, ...
25":
Factor = (G)O.600
I, ... /
L /
Where:
G =
Grade, defined as 1.0t(%Qrade/100) = L..L v
W = Roadway Width in m ~
w ~~
" v.... ~'"
o~
41
drill steel, bits, etc., 33~. compacting surfacing to a depth of 0.20
m.
Equipment o~eration costs are 55% for
portable diesel compressors, 22% for The averaqe labor cost for a six person
percussion drills and 23r. for trucks. crew placing surfacing 1s $8.96 per
The compressor and drill equipment costs worker-hour with rootor grader ud roller
are 5070 for repair parts and 50r. for operators at $9.56.
fuel and lube. Truck costs are 32~ for
repair parts, 627. for fuel and lube, and ~upply costs include only Qravel
67. for tires. surfacing delivered and dumped on the
roadbed by suppliers trucks at a cost of
Where it
is necessary to purchase $3.31 per t.
~quipment cr have a subcontractor
perform the work, multiply the equipm~nt Equipment operation cost covers a motor
operation value by the following grader. rubber tired roller. water truck
applicable factor in order to obtain the and pickup. Equipment operation costs
total value of equipment expense for are 23~ for tires, 41~ for repair parts
ownership ard operation: and 361. for fuel and lube.
~ . -:.,,;~/'"
...
~;
ID,DDD
... :.,.,- '"
,....,t.),
"
...."'
~ ....
;
....:;v
"~,,
, ..... 1/
~ t.""
,,(\o"i'.".'
...
~;
....
::; ~1:" .,. ID,OO
",'
>l\',.e;
... ",
PI
.........
t.O: ..
It" '"
... YL • "'3t(X)D.
'"
Vs .. 1562(X)D.715 - .,"
Ye • I1J7CX)·· .. 9J
, .! x .1 50
.... .......
.,000
IDD
10
.:
ROADWAY WIDTH METERS
S
1 .. 00 0
.
4.1.2.4. GRAVEL SURFACING .. ....
~
;,I-.~
o,~
.....
.....~\~
..
Y = 181.l(X)O.663
t.o.~~~o~ L
.... ..
The curves for gravel surfacing of ~"" Ys = 1597(X)1.0
42
4.2. SURFACE "IlliG - CAPITAL COSTS Where it i . necessary to purchase
equipment or have a subcontractor
4.2.1. PREPBODUCTIOI DEVELOP"EIT perform the work, multiply the equipment
operation value by the following
4.2.1.1. CLEARIIG applicable factor in order to obtain the
total v81u~ of equipment expense for
The curve for clearinq during ownership and operation:
preproduction development is based on
estimated costs for medium light growth Shi fts per Day 123
on terrain with a side slope of 20~ to Factor 1.75 1.56 1.50
50V,. ~stimate one tree, 0.33 m in
diameter. p~r 40 m2. If 8 subcontractor is used. multiply
labor by 1.50. supplies by 1.20 and
The cleariD9 rate for large scale equipment expense.by 1.20 to compensate
operations occurring during for subcontractor's markup.
pr eprod uction development is based on
the equation: 10,000
Y: 0.153(X)O.6 7 8
Where:
Y = Clearina Rate (ha/d)
X = Total Clearing Area (ha)
The above equation is valid between the
1,000 --- - --- L".O_
1-- ~- ~---
X limits of 1 to 500 ha. Above 500 ha !
u
I!
..•.
the costs are expected to remain
constant.
1--- --- - -I-. -=!I'.!.':'!.H.!..!!~f!AT!..ON
--- --- - -
For light clearing consistinq mainly of .:
§
brush and small trees. the costs should
be reduced by 75~ from those shown on
100
SUPPLIES
--- --- - - ---
the curves. For heavy clearing. costs YL • lIltex)-0.107
should be increased 75~ over those shown "s • 1I1.,(X)~O.O,.
for medium clearing. Yr = )25.)eX).. O.... ,
1 !. x !. 500
43
I.'• I- PER~-:SLIe:. r::1~LS
--
For mines excavating fro~ 1,000 to
10,000 t/d of overburd~n and waste, the I I I
I I. 1
curves reflect costs for drilling 6 m
high benches with crawler type
percussion drills. Spacing of 2.5 inch ~~",L
-
~~ 'L • 1.7910)-1.11'
's ••.• ',ex)"·· In
' . . . . . .I(X)-1.1I7
44
this section: equip~ent or have a subcontract~r
perform the york, multiply the equipment
EQUIPftENT OPERATING COST DISTRIBUTION opp.ration value by the followinQ
applicable factor in order to obtain the
J'lESCRIPTION REPAIR FUEL TIRES total valu£ of equipment expense for
PARTS (. LURE ownership and operation:
Electric Shovels 94~ 6'-·
Diesel ShOH-ls 84" 16~ ~hifts per !'ay 1 2 3
Dragline, Diesel 60% 40~ Factor 2.05 1.79 1.70
Rear Dump Trucks 187- 37r. 45~
Dozers, 'Rippers 70" 30%- If a subccntractor is used, multiply
Scrapers 35"1. 30r. 35~ labor by 1.50 and equipment expense by
OthE'r EquipJl!ent 33q, 32~ 35'; 1.20 to compensate for subcontractor's
markup.
* Where electric powered equipment 1s
used, supply curve 1s for electric pover Curve 4.2.1.3.2. covers mines excavating
only. from 8,000 to 300,000 tId of overburden
and waste. "'he loading units are
The curves have ~een developed in four electric shovels and diesel front-end
parts covering a variety of excavation loaders ranoing in size from 5 to 15
methods and encoapassing a range from cubic yards with an averaQe of 10 cubic
1,000 to 300,000 tId. yards. Rear dump trucks from 35 to 170
US tons arp. the main hauling units, with
Curv~ 4.2.1.3.1. covers from 1,000 to the average size of all trUCKS at 85 US
10,000 tId of overburden and wa.ste tons. The ratio of trucks to loajing
excavation and is based on mines using units averaQes 6 to 1. The curves
front-end loaders and trucks. The reflect an average haul of 2,000 m one
loaders ranee in size from 1 to 6 cubic way on an b~ grade from a pit 120 m in
yards and the trucks range from 10 to depth on wide, well maintained rOads.
35 US tons. The curves reflect an To determine costs for hauls of varyinq
average haul of 750 m one way OD an 8% length or depth of pit, ~ultiply the
grade from a pit 60 m in depth. To costs obtained from the curves by the
determine costs for hauls of varying folloving factors:
length or d€pth of pit, multiply the
costs obtained from the curves by the Labor Factor.
follo~inQ factors: F = 0.1173(R)o.030(L)o.~63
Labor Factor, Equipment Operation Factor,
F = 0.155(R)o.030(L)o.Z63 F =
O.0546(F)o.O_7(L)o.353
46
operation value by the following F.quipment Operation Factor.
applicable factor in order to obtain the F = 0.0641(1)o •• 03(G)1.620
total value of equipment expense for
ownership and operation: Where:
F ::- Factor
Shifts per ray 1 2 3 L = Length of Haul in m
Factor 2.55 2.16 2.0.3 G =Grade, defined as 1.0t(%Qrade/100)
'.01
u 100 1,'"
HETRIC TONS PER DAY x 10 3
Labor Factor,
F =
0.0865(L)o.359(G)1.530
46
1.0 0 combine equipment operation and supplies
curVeS to account for substitution of
diesel fuel for electric power. (Note:
supplies values include only electric
power. )
,-
,
::.6p R~" ION -. Shifts per Day 1 2 3
'-.I, , Factor 2.55 2.16 2.03
u
:; I " If a subcontractor is used, multiply
I.. -t labor by 1.50 and equipmpnt expense by
..
L
1.20 to compe.nsate for subcontractor's
markup.
YL • ft.3DS(X)-O.JU
YE = O.299(X)-O.092 1.00
47
4.2.2.1. RAILROAD COISTBUCTIOM steel 70~, and purchased equipment the
remaining 10~. The installation is
This curve covers the cost of buildinO based on a three-shift aining operation.
unballasted standard gage railroad in an
open pit mine. For mainline trackage or 1, ...
installations where ballast may be
required, increase curve value by 9~.
V
METRIC TONS PER DAY X IO J • TOTAL OIl! AND IIAST!
1,00 V
V 4.2.2.2.2. DBAI.AGE SISTER
10 0
V COST. U.SlXlO'CX)1.1
I.! X.! U Construction labor accounts for 27~,
purchased equipment 40~ and construction
1 10
KJ~OMETUS
1
• materials 33% of the cost.
48
I,ll'
I,'"
/
/ /
/ .,+- 1.1
~ ,,~" V
/ ..of.
/ uo
...-i",
10.
~'"
..:: ./
£. ~\~
I "¢'
~.~ I ..'i~ "
IC
V IC
,: ,/ ,: L~.\'·~
8 8
~/ ~~
/'
11
./
./
11
/ COST. o.tnex)O.'"
'.1.2.'. PUILI . . SYITD
COlT • n. &I ex)··'1S
10,'00 .!. X .!. 6,01','00
I I I I I I 1
:'.~. ~ x 1 '~.'... I I I
1
10 no 1,'00 lO,IO' 1 11 1. . 1 ....
METeR - CUBIC METERS PU DAY X 10' METRIC TONS PER DAY X lO', TOTAL ORr AND IIASTe
49
10,'" The following distribution gives the
percentage allocation of total cost
applicable to surface mine repair shops
and warehouse facilities:
eLECTRIC SHOWL MIMU
Cost Components Shops Warehouses
1,100
[7 BuUding & Fixtures 33~ 6~
/
Erection & In stalla tion 16% 2%
V Excavation & Concrete 17% 7r.
1..... 1-' Equipment 1B~ 1,,{
/
V
u, •• o
V
100
/
'" NONELECTRI C SHOYl!L MIN!!
==
>C
Il'
""
.: "
I.......... ,,/
8 I;- ,,"
.........
11 "
./
HONILI!CTlIC SHOY!L HIHI!S - "
../ - "
~"
V COST • 7I.lI(X)·· . . 1
50
share the saMe facilities the user must
determine, using a knowledge of the I." I
........".
.... c,
Erection & Installation 14~ ....
";'1
Excavation and Concrete 157. :....1 ...
F.quipment 13~ .y
"'::
.. /:
q.2.2.8. SURFACE BUILDINGS . ~' ".t.I.7. o"tce:s • LAaOu,TORns
il COST • " ... 90:)"'"
The cost curve for surface huildinQs
0 I...... ! x .:!. "'0.'"
covers the general support facilities ... t.2.'. SUR'ACe: BUILDI.S
COST. U72(X)··)7S
for the mininQ operation, including .,0" ~ x.! .... ,000
change house, powder magazine, tool II
sheds, Quard houses, fencing, etc. I 110 I ....
METRIC TONS PER DAY X 10 3 ,
Buildings are furnished and of st~el TOTAL ORE AND WASTE
The cost ottained from the curve is Site costs for family or bachelor unit:
~ased on construction labor 2370,
purchased buildinq and materials 57~ and Site preparation
construction materials 20~. (typical ar.a 250 m2 )
$(00.00
Streets (5.5 - 7.3 m wide 5 cm
3srhalt or 7.5 cm gravel,
lill'ited curhing)
$270.00
Patios and wal~s
$250.(,)0
~ewers - connected to trailer
$210.00
Water - connected to trailer
S240.00
51
Electrical - yard lighting and '.2.5. III. EQUIPI.IT
80 aMp service connection to
trailer
$460.00
'.2.5.1. SUIFaCE IIIIIG EQUIPIEIT
Laundry and recreation The follovinQ cost curves are for ~he
buildin~ purchase of surface aine capital
$110.00 equip.ent and are based on .ines
operatino three shifts per day.
Total TYrical Site Coet $2,800.00 Preproduction develop~ent work can be
done usino the equipMent purchased for
In addition, the following accessories operatiDQ the aine; however, no
~ay also'be required: reduction in the capital cost should be
made if a subcontractor brings in his
Skirting at base of trailer own equip.ent.
$200.00
landinos and steps These costs are predicated upon the
$150.00 equipment being delivered and made fully
Canopies OVEr landings operable at an appropriate site in the
$150.00 Denver area. They also include
!lr conditicninq - using provision for standby eqUiPMent, spare
~xistino heater parts, administrative and maintenance
$600.00 units and an allowance for miscellaneous
items. Fscalation for purchased
Housing Units equipment should be factored by BLS
F.quipaent Cost Index.
Faaily units with living, dining,
kitchen, bath and sleeping facilities Cost curves are presented for four
for 2 adult~ and 2 to 4 children: reouiarly found conditions or types of
$17,000.00 surface minino operations defined by
loadino and hauling methods as follows:
Type A bachelor units with living,
dining, kitchen, bath and sleepinq Using wheel loaders and trucks
facilities for 2 persons: (production range from 1,000 to 20,000
$7,000.00 tid)
Type R bach£lor units with bath and Usino shovels and trucks (production
sle~ping facilities for 6 persons: range fro. 8,000 to 400,000 tid)
$14,000.00
Using shovels and haul trains
For type B bachelor units, add for each (production range from 20,000 to 200,000
1 to 6 units, $50,000.00 for caap tid)
living, dining and kitchen facilities.
For each additional type B bach~lor unit Using scrapers (production range frOM
add $3,500 to the $50,000 amount. 2,000 to 300,000 tid)
Q.2._. RESTORATIOI DURIIG COISTIUCTIOI The types of equipment covered in these
cost curves are all classes of mobile
Permits are generally required prior to and stationary machinery reoularly found
disturbing the ground surface. in surface minino, including
Typically, the per_it specifies that the compressors, drills, powder trucks,
area must he restored hectare for hydrocranes, wheel loaders, shovels,
hectare to approximately the original crawler dozers and rippers, on and off
contours and planted with native plants hiohway trucks, freight locomotives,
and trees in areas which are not to be railroad cars and administratiVe and
mined. For areas where restoration to maintenance equipment. The percentaoe
the ori?inal contour would not be of cost fro. the curves applicable to
practical, topsoil and plantino haulino eguipment or scrapers should be
oenerally will be required on the adjusted by the same equipment factors
slopes. It is estimated that a as were used in Section 4.2.1.3.
restoration prograM for these could (ExcaVation, Load and Haul - Overburden
ranoe frOM $5,000 to $12,500 per surface and Waste). This factoring will take
hectare depEnding on the requirements. into account varying haul lengths.
orades and pit depths. The cost for
fixed supporting items such as railroad generalized cost can not be applied.
track or electric power transmission For the user's guidance, the followino
lines has been covered where cost of dredges, ready for shipment at
specifically noted in other itels. the manufacturer'~ site, are given.
Draol1ne costs IU Y be' used YEAR H.P. REACK BUCKET COST, $
interchangeably with olectric shovels. BUILT (ft) (cu ft)
53
II, It.
10 m2 face area with advances varying
from 1.7 to 2.0 m per shift. The curve
/ components are based on a medium hard
v rock requiring no support and include
If' ",,1/"II drilling, lcadinq, blasting, muckinq and
.......' " hauling plus track, vent line and
1,000
~"
rJ<~" L / "V utilities installation.
~ / The average labor cost is $8.12 per
~~'~1~;
.." ""#
worker-hour with miners at $8.29 •
~#,'~~~
~i ..
Supplies 8re composed of steel items 67~
(track, drill bits and steel, pipe, fan
.::
.
II.
,,' V V
"lL
~-, W
,,~~ "ri:
.,+~~..
..
..~, ~'"<; ~o<f'
~
..,'at'
line, etc.), explosives 30r. and electric
power 3~ •
54
If a subcontractor 1s u••4, ault1plr laJ)oZ' )71.50,
supplies by 1.20 and eqUip •• Dt expeD.e !If 1.20 to Add for regular pattern rock boltino -
co.p.naate for subcontractor- ••• rkap_
10% steel and 7% labor.
1,00 0
".-
1.1'.0':
:,....... ...
... ~----- ----
SUpp\.IE . -
VL • U. 7\CX).· In
Ys • ".71(X)O.~O'
1--- YI! • 2.726()C)0.72S -
J .1 x .1 10
--
f---
~ 6 10
SQUARE METER FACE AREA
\.jo.I!o.! - ... _ ..
4.3.1.1.1. SMALL DRIFTS FOR RAIL HAULAGE 100 ..... -"t;\.\t.'" ......
~! ...
......
4.3.1.1.2. S"ALL DRIFTS FOR BUBBER
TIRED HAULAGE
i"
Drift sizes on this curve vary from 4 to .f <1:'"
"'' '
......
20 me facF area with advances varying ,§"'~'"
from 1.7 to 2.0 m per shift and are ,o' +.... '" YL = 56.07CX)o.'-2
8 q~ Vs • \, • .,0)°·362 -
normally used for LHD haulage. The
~'"
'f! • J. JOSCX)O ... ,
curve components are based on a medium
hard rock requiring no support and
include drilling, loading, blasting,
10
",'"
4'" 10
If ~ x.!. 20
100
mucking and hauling plus vent line and SQUARE METER ~ACE AREA
utilities installation.
4.3.1.1.2. SMALL DRIFTS FOR RUBRER TIRED
Thp. average labor cost Is $8.27 per HAULAGE
work~r-hour with miners at $8.29.
4.3.1.1.3. LARGE DRIFTS FOR RUBBER
Supplips are composed of steel items 58% TIRED HAULAGE
(drill bits and steel, pipe, fan line,
etc.), explcsivps 38~ and electric power Drift sizeE on thi~ curve range from 20
4~ • to 50 m~ face area with advances
normally u~e~ for truck haulage Lhat
The equipment 0peration curve is range from 2.1 to 2.4 m per shift. The
composed of repair parts 727., tires 9% curve components are based on a medium
and fuel and lube 19~. hard rock requiring no support and
include drilling, 10adinQ, blasting,
Factors: mucking and hauling plus vent line and
Add for tough, abrasive rock drilling - utilities installation.
8~ steel.
Add for difficult breaking rock - 8.5~ The averao~ labor cost is $B.28 per
I?xplosiv£>s. worker-hour with miners at $8.29.
55
Suppli~s are composed of steel items 52% •• 3.1.2. SINKING SHAFTS
(drill bits and steel, pipe, fan line,
etc.), explcsives 45% and electric power Shaft sinking curves cover a range of
3% • face areas from 4 to 40 m2 with average
advances of 0.76 to 1.22 m per shift in
The eguipm~nt operation curve is the smaller shafts and 1.02 m per shift
composed of repair parts 71%, tir~s 10% overall in the larger shafts.
and fuel and lube 19~.
The smaller shafts are based on using
Factors: miners at $8.29 per worker-hour and a
Add for touQh, abrasive rock drilling hoistlllan at $8.14 for an average labo.r
8~ steel. cost of $8.15. Tn the larger shafts the
Add for difficult breakino rock 8.5% crew size increases considerably with
explosives. the average cost at $8.21 per
Add for regular pattern rock boltlnQ worker-hour. Applicable hourly costs
10% steel and 7~ labor. are: shaft miner $8.64, foreman $9.09,
miner helpers $8.02, mucker operator and
Wh~re it is necessary to purchase cagers $7.88, electrician $8.20, and
equipment er have a subcontractor hoistmen $8.14.
perform the work, multiply the equipment
operation value by the following Supplies are composed of explosives 8~,
applicable factor in order to obtain th~ shaft timber 141., power 6~, steel
total value of equipment expense for related items 627. (pipe and fittings,
ownership and operation: Quides and manways, rock and hanger
bolts, etc.) and miscellaneous items
Shifts, per Day 1 2 3 101.
E'actor 1.52 1.39 1.35
The equipment operation curve is
If a subcontractor is used, multiply composed of repair parts 88%, fuel and
labor by 1.50, supplies by 1.20 and lube 7% and tires 5% (tires used on
equipment expense by 1.20 to compensate top~ide cranes and loaders servicing the
for subcontractor's markup. shaft sinking).
1,"0 Factors:
When concreting a large shaft
concurrently with sinking, reduce labor
12%, add 18% to supply curve for
concrete and forms, and reduce equipment
opera tion 3.51..
~
~ portion of supply curve 381., and
increase equipment operation 131.
~
lines, and lightino. Sinkino is
considered to be done with a sinkino
headframe. Costs for permanent hoisting
facilities are included in Section
4.3.2.2. (Heisting Facilities).
56
Shifts per Day 1 2 3 labor cost and $1,500 to the total
Factor 1.18 1.14 1.12 supply cost for each raise.
../ v'
........ l/" If a subcontractor is used, multiply
1,000
~ ,-","/ labor by 1.50, supplies by 1.20 and
~" pquipment expense by 1.20 to compensate
,,-;,," , .-' for subcontractor's markup.
/
V <.\o'i'
t,...t- 1.000
c:1 "
~t,~<"''/
. V t,,,,\l\;;~
..,':? Tl I: ItS9.0l<X)'·"'s
0-
S V Ys
Y• •
• SI.tt7(X)J·O
u.S)CX)··, ...
" .! )C .! "'
lOa
1 10 100
SQUARE METER FACE AREA
....
100 SUPPLIES
--
10
~dvance rates in • per worker-shift .."nON
range from 1.25 for a 2 m2 raise to 0.7 E(\UIP"EtI~!!:.~-
for a 6 m2 raise.
t.1x.:s.6
57
items as sublevel drifts, minor raises Labor cost is $13.00 per m using miners
within the stope, finger raises, slushe~ at $8.29 per Yorker-hour.
station cutouts, scram drifts, pocket
cutouts, chute installations and box or Supplies cost is $8.02 per m composed of
mill holes. In block caving, all of the 95~ drill rods and bits and 5%
draw raises, undercut drifts, mill miscellaneous supplies.
holes. and scrams if used, would be
considered 8S stope development. The Equipment operation cost is $0.75 per m
user must determine the total tonnage and is composed of 88% repair parts and
for stope preparation to be applied to 121. lubrication.
arrive at capital cost.
For EX core drilling (1-1/2" hole).
This type of work will normally be reduce labor cost 9~ per m.
performed by the mine itself rather than
by subcontractor. For this reason, no The amount of core drillinc required
allowance should be made for equipment will vary for· different types of
ownership expense or subcontractor operations and is not based on daily
markup. Capital equipment is included mine production. Therefore, the user
in Section 4.3.5. (Hine Equipment). must determine the quantity and type of
cores that will be needed.
Overhand stopes (flat back, rill,
vertical face and square set stopes), 4.3.1.6. CLEARING
shrinkage stopes, room and pillar and
hlock caving are in the lower cost The curVE for clearin1 during
range, from $1.00 to $2.48 per t. preproduction development is based on
estimated costs for medium light growth
CUt and fill, longhole or sublevel on terrain with a side slope of 20~ to
stopes are in the median cost range, 50~. Estimate one tree, 0.33 m in
from $2.34 to $3.89 per t. diameter, per 40 m2 •
Combination methods or nonuniform ore The clearing rate for large scale
bodies will be in the upper cost range. operations occurring during
from $3.75 to $5.23 per t. preproduction development is based on
the equation:
Labor is 66% of the total cost using
~iners at $8.29 per worker-hour.
58
clearing crew is $1.30 per worker-hour 4.3.2. RIlE PL.IT .ID BUILDIIGS
with .laborers at $6.91.
In this section if a subcontractor is
Supply costs are 65~ fuel all for used. multiply labor portion by 1.50,
hurnino and 25X for trucks, pickups and materials portion by 1.20 and equipment
sa liS. operation portion by 1.20 to compensate
for subcontractor's markup except in the
F.guip~ent cperatino costs are 15% for case of Communications System.
dozers and 25% for trucks, pickups and
salis. 4.3.2.1. CORPRESSED AIR FACILITIES
10 .. 000
~./
V
1•••• "
.::: ~7
"
--- .
.. I, DOD
- --- LA OR
--;;;;;
---- /~
,,'
!u
I! "
.....•
~"
1---- --- - - --- --- - - ---
fQUIPHt:NT OPfRATION
~--- -- 1••
.
.:
/
17
8
100 - SUPPLIES
-- --- - - ---
COST. 1S90(X)·· 98_
TL • 11l,e)()-··U7
)0 .! a: :!. 2,000
' • • 'I1.I(X)-I . .,a
'I • U5.)()()-··· .. , 10 L i 1 J
10 uo 1,,000 10,000
1 .i x .! soo
CUBIC METUS PER MINUTE INSTALLED CAPACITY
10
I I I I
100
I 10 1,"0 4.3.2.1. COMPRESSED AIR FACILITIES
HECTARES
59
shafts, number of levels, type of The curve shown is based on m3 /min of
hoisting equipment, quantity of material ventilation air at a total pressure of
to be hoisted, safety factors, size of 6" W.G. (15.24 cm). ReferrinQ to
crews and balanced or unbalanced systems ~ection 3.3.4.2. (Ventilation System),
are some cf the variables to be the user must determine what quantity of
considered. air is required for the type of mining
operation selected and the total
For the reasons above, this curve is not pressure to be expected. ~ince, for a
intended to meet all of the various given volume of air the total pressure
situations possible, but does provide 8 will affect the horsepower requirements,
cost for the average mine hoisting job. en adjustment must be made to the
It is based on t-m/d hoisted for a capital ccst curve to account for
two-shift mining operation. pressure variances. The following
equation should be used to determine the
The curve includes costs for hoist factor to be multiplied by the base
hous~, hoists, headframes, cages, skips, curve value:
loading pcckets, foundations, and
electrical and mechanical installation
and is distributed 80~ to equipment and Factor = 1.017(Q)-0.03265(H)0.042
material purchases and 20~ to
installation. "'here:
Q : Volume of Air in m3/min
I .....~ H = Total Pressure in inches
••• 0 •
•
10,'"
,,,
..:= ,,/
I ....
.:= ;-
. ,," ./
V
I /
" V '"
,,/ ~
1, •••
./
/'
/ 100 ./
V
), /""
~
....
~
COST • "!IICX)·~ , ...
I,"'.! X.!"',,., ,,/
.....
60
steel 70r., and equipment 10r., with all
costs being based on a two-shift mining
a.1I •
operation. t--
a.... .,-
Y
V
/
V UI
/
V
/'
V V
~
i." .= L,. . v
UO
1/ . /~
1-
V ~~
~
. ~
v
v~'
,,~
.
= ~~
/; COST :II
lto,OOO .!
.... U(X).· IU
x .! 10,000,000
,: / 10
8 ".677 /' 1,000 10,000
/
V COST :II It IS'CX)'· JlI
lOt METER - CUBIC METERS PER DAY X 10 3
~
20 ! x ,i 60,001
I I
4.3.2.5. DRAINAGE SYSTEM
10
10 100 a.loo 10.000 100.0.0
METRIC TONS PER DAY 4.3.2.6. COR"UIICATIONS SISTEB
4.3.2.4. WATER SYSTEM This curve covers the installed cost ~f
necessary phones for communication from
4.3.2.5. DRAIIAGE SISTER the mine to the surface and for
Int~rofflce communication. The cost
This curve covers capital expenditures allows for switchboard and phone
for ditches, culverts, sumps and drains installation by an outside aqency and is
needed to drain the surface area around based on a two-shift mining operation.
the mine and is based on m-m 3 /d where
the term m represents the total pumping For escalation, distribute BOX of the
head. It does not cover the water cost to purchased equipment and 20r. to
discharge pipes in the shaft as those labor.
are included in the shaft sinking item.
However, it does include the cost of
pumps and installation of the various
items.
61
I .... I ••
/
/
It.
. /
c;?
/
..... v
.
= ~
It
V
V v
..- . V
V ....
10-........
=
" 1/
I.
V COST. JUIt(X)"O
21 .! X .! ItOO
COST • 211. t(x)" .... 2
"0 • .! X .! ",000
1
COST. tu,eK)··' .. 5 1. 1.. 1.,'1. 11 .... 110 ....
III ,
u .! X !5. ",01' METRIC TONS PER DAY
I
II 101 I ....
METRIC TONS PER DAY
'" 100 .... 4.3.2.7. FUELING SYSTEM
62
10,000 associated with excavation and support
r--- 1-- of a suitarly sized chamber or chambers
with all required facilities excluding
equipment.
/ Equipment and tool expenditures range
V from 15% of the indicated curve cost at
low tonnage mines to 5% at hiQher
1,000 / tonnages with a weighted average of 7%.
1/
V If an underground mine has all repair
shops and warehouse facilities located
>C
/ above ground, the user should refer to
.,:
o
V
/ ~ection 4.2.2.6. (Surface Mine Repair
u ~hops and Warehouses). The cost of
V repair shops and warehouses for mines
100
/ with tonnages below 1,000 tId may be
/ calculated using the equation appearing
/~' on the curve for Section 4.2.2.6. after
adjustment for the number of daily
V operating shifts, if required.
V COST = 10111(X)0.71O
/ t. ! X .i 60,000 For surface facilities, the cost
ID
/' I II I I I I ohtained from the curve is based on
10 $9,IH 100 1,00' 10,000 100 0" construction labor 251., buildings and
HET~ I C TONS PE~ DAY purchased materials 58% and construction
materials 17",.
4.3.2.0. ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
For underQround facilities, the cost
4.3.2.9. REPAIR SHOPS AID WAREHOUSES obtained from the curve is based on
mining lahor 1B~, purchased materials
This curve includes costs for surface as 42% and construction materials 40r..
well as underground repair shops and
warehouses and is based on a two-shift 1,211,10/
mining operation. The costs for surface I,OOD
buildings range from 531 of the /
inrticated curve cost at low tonnage V
mines to 38! at higher tonnages with a
weighted averaQ€ of 42~. They are based
V
on steel huilding construction and
include foundations, floors, aprons, V
storage facilities and mechanical and
plectrical work. The buildings are
/
based on weather requirements for the
Denver area and the cost may be reduced
/
I ..
~~ for more moderate areas or increased /
~% for more severe areas. The costs for
/
~urface buildings assumes that these
facilities will be used only for mining ..
~ /
operations. If the mine and
"
heneficiation plant are to share the
same facilities the user must determine,
V~
/
using a knowledge of the requirements,
what can re jointly used and how much, / COST Iii ]Dl6(X)O' , ...
to .:! x .! 60,000
if any, increase to the cost must be
I II I I
made for joint usage. 10
10 100 1,000 10,010 100,000
HET~IC TONS PE~ DAY
The cost of underground repair shops and
warehouse installations range from 32~ 4.3.2.9. SHOPS AND WAREHOUSES
of the indicated curve cost at low
tonnage mines to 57% at hiqher tonnages ~.3.2.10. OFFICES AID LABORATORIES
with a weighted average of 51?. These
installations are based on costs The cost curve for offices and
63
laboratories includes construction of '.3.2.11. SURFACE BUILDIIGS
general offices. engineering and safety
offices. and laboratories, including The cost curve for surface buildings
furnishings as well as all neCessary covers the general support facilities
assay and metallurQical equipment. The for the mininQ operation, including
cost is based on steel building change house. powder magazine, tool
construction. The buildinos are based sheds, guard houses, fenCing, etc.
on weather requirements for the Denver Buildings are furnished and of steel
area and the cost may be reduced 5~ for construction. The buildings are based
morp moderate areas or increased 5~ for on weather requirements for the Denver
~ore severe areas. The costs shown are area and -the cost may be reduced 5~ for
based on a two-shift mining operation to more moderate areas or increased 5~ for
10,000 tId and three shifts thereafter. more severe areas.
The cost ohtained from this curve The c,hanQe house and its furnishings
assumes that these facilities will be represent B2% of the cost and is based
used only fer mining operations. If the on a production rate of 16 t per
mine and beneficiation plant are to worker-shift. To adjust the cost for
share the snme facilities the user must varying production rates encountered
determine, using a knowledge of the with different minino methods. multiply
requirements, what can be jointly used the curve value by the followino factor:
and how much, if any, increase to the
cost must be made for joint usage. Factor = 2.973(P)-O.393
>C
f-- -- -- / -- -- - --
S
0- /
--- - - -
/ U2Iex)O. su
V
COST.
It .! x .! 11,1"
10
10 liD l.toO 10,'" 100,000
HETR I C TONS PER DA.Y
64
1,'" In addition, the following accessories
may also be required:
1. .
/
V Air conditioning - usino
existino heater
$600.00
/
..:: V Housing Units
. V Family units with living, dining,
kitchen. bath and sleeping facilities
V'" for 2 adults and 2 to 4 children:
:/ $17,000.00
COST. 1t,,19(X)··ltltit
to .!. X .! 10,000 Type A bachelor units with living,
11
11 III 1,'" le,'OO 100,'" dinino. kitchen, bath and sleeping
HETRIC TONS PER DAY facilities for 2 persons:
I $7,000.00
4.3.2.11. SURFACE BUILDINGS
Type ~ bachelor units with bath and
4.3.3. TOWNSITE sleeping facilities for 6 persons:
$14,000.00
The following housing costs are based on
using trailers in a fairly level and For type B bachelor units, ndj for each
accessible sitp containing between 75 to 6 units,
1 $50,000.00 for camp
and 125 units. (For 40 to 60 units, living, dining and kitchen facilities.
increase costs by 101.; for 150 to 250 For pach additional type R bachelor unit
units decrease costs by 107.). These add 53,500 to the $50,000 amount.
costs are quoted per in1ividual trailer
and may be factored by the BLS '.3.'. RESTORATION DURING CONSTRUCTION
Industrial ~aterials Cost Index.
Permits arp genprally required prior to
Site costs for family or bachelor unit: ~isturbing the around surfacp, and
topsoil must be rpmoved and stockpiled
Site preparation for reuse. Areas around the mine must
(typical area 250 m2 ) he planted. It 1s estimated that
$600.00 restoration will cost about $5,000 per
Streets 5.5 - 7.3 m wide 5 cm surface hectare.
asphalt or 7.5 em gravel,
limited curbing)
$270.00
Patios and walks The capital cost curves inctude the
$250.00 purchase of underground equipment and
~ewers - connected to trailer items not previously included in other
$210.00 sections. These costs aTe based on two
Water - connected to trailer operating shifts per day for mines
$240.00 producin9 from 20 to 60,000 tid. The
Electrical - yard lighting and costs on these curves are predicated
80 amp service connection to upon the equipment bein9 ~elivered and
trailer made fully operable at an appropriate
$460.00 si te in thE" Denver area. They also
I.aundry and recreation include prOVision for standby equipment,
huilding spar~ parts, administrative and
$770.00 maintenance units.
Total Typical Site Cost S2,E\00.OO The curve for drill and blast aod
65
Where:
miscellaneous support equipment is
composed of various mixtures of r =
Fa.ctor
R = Conveyor incline or grade in degrees
equipment to be found in underground
mines such as jack legs, stopers, 10,800
drifters, percussion drills and jumbos.
It is not the intent of this handbook to
designate the type of equipment to be
used vrth a specific mining method, but
rather to provide an estimated cost V
,./ ""
which is directly related to the tId
produced. ether source material may be V~
used for making a more detailed 1,,000
/
estimate.
I-
Costs for raIl (locomotives, cars, :b~
/t-'"
~"'~
-
battery chargers, etc.), conveyors, " K,.'"
truck haulage and its normally
associated loading equipment, and tHD !h"
haulage are directly related to the W~~
.,'oJ'
quantity (in t/d-km) transported. The 100 /a•..;"..,
Quantity associated with one of the Q"
curves does not necessarily imply that
/
the other curves need use the same
quantity. DRILL. BLAST' M!2£.:..-EQUIPMENT
COST
= 2.177(JOO.752
x ! 10,000
= ItO,HO(X)O.lt35
these cost curves consist of all classes 10,000 ! x ~ 60,000
66
In the case of decline conveyor or haul The total deSign, engineering and
grades less than 2~~ use curve values construction management fee curve 1s
without adjustment. based on a single firm performing both
tasks. Th€ other two curves are based
The curves are intended to be additive; on different firms performing each task.
that is~ the user should enter the drill
and blast curve at the value 10,00 0
corresponding to the daily mine 1/
production~ adjusted for the number of V'
shifts operated per day. To this value V
V' ..1
should be added the cost or costs ~.,.,/ / ~"
associated with a given quantity ,/
transported by any or all of the haulage ~/~
methods. 1,000
~ /,,'
67
68
5. BEIErICIITIOJ OPEBITIIG COST P = Product Size, cm
ES'Uftl'l'IOI I = Work Index (see following table)
This operation covers the reduction of * For 8 more complete list of work
minp. run ore to a size suitable for indexes for various materials, refer to
orinding or further beneficiation Chemical Fnqineers' Handbook.
operations. The crushinq may be done McGraw-Hill Book Co •• New York. 5th ed.,
either in the mine or at a surface 1973, pp. 8-11.
location. The curves include all costs
associated with crushing, screeninq, n,'"
conveying and transfer of material and
are valid for as .any stages of
reduction as might be required. The VI'
curves should be applied to open as vell
as closed Circuit crushing. The curves / % i.-"
are based on the reduction of a medium
ore (Work Index = 12.0) from _ine run
size to 80~ passino 0.95 cm (3/8").
I,'" I?'/
R. V
.-"11' /
~~.,..
,/
Labor costs average S7.Sij per
worker-hour with key personnel beino ,/" o~~
crusher operators and utility.en ~ ~
~ ,..'
averaging $7.84 and general laborers at V ~
.,~ ~~
$6.91. ChanQes in the product sizino or I ..
./
V L
..oil
I
x .! 100,000
I I
'~
mantles. bowls. belts and miscellaneous I 1,000 10,000 100,00
69
operators at S7.68, mechanics and screen. ~hen ~o ~~sh be the voula
utilitymen $1.95, and oeneral laborers product size to be used in the preceding
$6.91. Changes in the feed or product factor equations.
size or the work intiex d.o not affect the
daily labor cost. For dry grinding, multiply the supply
curve amount by 1.3 to account for
Included in equipment operation are increased power consumption.
replacement of steel balls, rods, shell ConVersely, the equipment operation
and head liners and scoop lips. These Curve should be multipliert by 0.7 to
requirements range from about 0.6 to 0.9 account for decreased metal wear (balls,
kq/t ground <0.07 to 0.11 kg/kW-h). rods. liners, etc.).
The supply curve is composed of electric For autogenous grinding, multiply the
pover only. Roth the equipment supply curve amount by 0.45 to account
operation and supplies curves should be for reduced pover consumption.
factored if other than the above stated Similarly. reduce the equipment
base conditions exist. operation amount by multiplying by 0.75.
Regrinding:
100 .....-
v~·
0'1
-t=t:
«
toi'::
\..~Ilo,..
Vv
j:::
V'
1../
Where:
/~ l/
I =
Work Index (see table in Section v
II
5.1.1.) /' "l = SO.Bl(X)O.297
F = Factor V "5 = O.21S(X)t.D
=
X Feed size to grinding, cm V YE :: 3.IJU(X)O.6lJ6
70
so as to more closely follow the millino ......
characteristics of many different
minerals. The reagent usage shown for
the various flotation curves represents
v
the amount used for ores with average ,,/
floatability and grade. The user must /' /'
. ~ :Y'
make a determination as to grade and 11"<> ./
1....
floatability of the ore under
consideration and adjust the reagent /~.. "..
cost accordingly. If the user has ....... ~ ~~
knowledge of the reagent consumption, ... /
R ~
...... ~
then reduce the value of the supplies /'"
cost by the reagent allowance and add I--"
the actual reagent cost. Otherwise, use
11.
~ o,&~
the curves without adjustment to obtain f'#!>#:"
an acceptable cost range. ~o.\)~
......
V 'L • u. "ex)""· -
The processes include only the V 's • ,.DueX)··5IO
conditioning of feed, if required, / 'e·l.lueX)··It'l
operation of float cells, and the 100 ! x ! .. o~ooa
necessary pumping and launder facilities I I I I
for passag~ of the pulp through the 11
lit 1.... 11.100 lID. 000
separation process. For the product Ml!TRlC TONS PElt DAY flOATED
flotation curves, the user shOUld enter
with the tId input to the first 5.1.3.1.1. SINGLE-PRODUCT FLOTATION
flotation only.
5.1.3.1.2. TVO-PRODUCT FLOTATIOI
5.1.3.1.1. SINGLE-PRODUCT FLOTATION
This curve covers the operation of mills
This curve covers the production of a producing two separate and distinct
single bulk concentrate. concentrates.
~he average labor cost is $7.66 per The averag~ labor cost 1s $7.76 per
worker-hour with operators at $8.34 and worker-hour with operators at $8.34 and
laborers at S6.91. laborers at $6.91.
Supplies consist of reagents 47~ and Supplies consist of reagents 56r. and
electric power 5370. electric power 441..
71
1.', •• ' "., ...
v-io'"
n,'" ./
V It,'" L
/
." /"
~,~.
'/
.p V' ..,... i--"I-" \~~,
~,";"
" ....I..........
1/'"
/'
71 i--'
1-" ...........
i-"'"
I,'" V~~
.,r
V
i--"i-'
--
I.c'"
1,'" ./ ~- / ... ......
./
./
[p: ;...- v .../
../
~ ""
t/ \,tIf. '-'~
t;?' \~ Io-'f' ~o
.' ~ ~df~~ ~.....
s
~
/
"I ~
1" !. . . .'
V
V ~ 'L • 51. 79(X)·· 311
'L ..... to(JC)··,,1
V 's • 1.219(X)0.7IO
's = , ... no)··'" 'e: • ,.Ot2(X),·'61
'e: z 2 ..... '(JC)··ss.
lOO ~ x .!. ItO,OOD
lOa ~ X ~ 100,ODO
II
10 I I I I . .I I,'" 11,0" 1",1"
100 1,000 10,'" I . ., ' " METRIC TONS PER DAY ~LOAT!D
METRIC TONS PER DAY ~LOATED
72
1.... 10 ••• 1
~,
,,'" 1.-,'
~"
~..
11. 1....
,,'.."
->~.
..;:,'''~r
, ....
~i'n
I~O!
__ i-' -
~ ...
...... ~ f--
i 10
b...
...
...:
f ..
v"
.~
"
~~~~....'" ...
~..
~'\\Ot-
1-"
"
§ ~...
.:
§ 10
..
-I':'to'l
,,0: !I;\'
.'
10-'" ~\o~ ...
. ... ...... t.~'\
o,,""'r-- ... --'
.10 YL = .... s.. CX)O.t19
TL • 1.227(lIC)D. ''''
'S ••• OU(K)··""
,,0:
!I;\''''
Vs :II J.113(X)·,"9
= o.anoo G. lt51
... .......
1't: • • • nocx)'· nl Ye
, ~ x .!. ,o,000 S,!X.!)O,ooo
Factor:
For carbonaceous ores, incr~ase the cost
of supplies by 8.57. due to the addition
of chlorine for oxidation of the carbon.
73
10,'" If the Ll1 (Liquid Ion Exchange) method
",'" is to be used for metal extraction from
the preonant solution, where 1ump
1-'" '" leaching is practiced. reduce the laLor
",,,,,,,,,, cost by 15~, reduce supplies by 60~, and
increase equipment operation by 45~.
Electrowinning is not includ~d in this
-- ----
'I.~"'"
....11'"!~(
process •
1,0'0
~. J.aG" In LIX extraction. if the ore is finely
'" '" --~ ground and leach~d in pachuca or othpr
.--.; ~
agitator tanks. reduce labor 20~.
",'
supplies 607.. and increase p.quipment
,: 1/'" operation 45~. The cost of hauling to
on
o
u tan's is covered under Section 3.1.1.3.
IDa
~ (Exc8vatior. load and Haul - Overburden
and Waste), crushing under Section
./'
~~aI.:~'r
5.1.1. (Crushing). grindinQ under
~;
':;"~:-'
.. ~ection 5.1.2. (~rindinq), anj hauling
to disposal site by truck under Section
V
:II
E
100 :! X ~ \,000
The averaq€ labor cost is ~7.59 per
10
tot 1,000 10,000 workpr-hour with operators at $8.34 and
METRl C TONS PER DAY laborers at $6.91.
5.1.3.4.1. CYANIDF VAT LEACH S~pplies consist of acid 31~, scrap iron
61r., and electric power 8~.
5.1.3.4.2. DU"P. HEAP OR VAT LEACH
Equipment operation consists of repair
These curve~ cover dump or heap leaching parts 73%. fuel and lube 1~~. and tirps
of pit or·minp. run ore and subseQuent 9%.
precipitation of the metals in the
preQnant solution by passage over scrap 100,000
ferrous metals.
--f-
Initial or~ dumps and subsequent layers
of raw ore placement are not included
here but are in the mining and hauling
sections. Costs included in these f----- - -- -
curves include scarification of dump
surfaces with tractor and long ripper
tooth, removal and reinstallation of
10,000
,to" ./
V -
.. --- r-· .-.
polyethylene distribution piping. ".;;''!)? ----- 1 - - --- r-
~
charging scrap metal into precipitation
.
.,at /' ·1-
cells. and removal and loading out V
precipi ta t€: • .... /
--
i!l
u
For vat leaching. use a factor of 2.5
times the labor and equipment curves
shown. This increase in cost covers the
1,000
~~ - ..-
/
/' -- - -
.- -
-.--- --
---
removal of leached ore from the vats. !-- o~
,/
Costs of placing ore in vats or on ...'
heaps. unle~s placed there by the mining ~~
~~~...
O~ YL = 24,18(X)O.198
operation, or removing heaps must be ,:;'~ l '
Ys = 12.1t9(X)O.735
added and is covered under Section = O.OB7(x)O.95 0
3.1.1.3.
OVerburden
(Excavation. Load
and Waste).
and Haul -
Cost of 100 ./
Y' YE
'K.
1 10,000 100 .. 00
crushing, if required. must be added and LITERS PER MINUTE
$62
is covered under Section 5.1.1.
(Crushing).
5.1.3.4.2. DV~P. HEAP OM VAT LEACH
74
5.1.3.4.3. URAIIU" ACID LEACH ~a9netic separators is required, the
curve should he entered as many times as
These curv~s are a composite of the required using, in each case, the
current solvent extraction and ion reduced tonnage input to the separators.
exchanqe processes. The curves follow
the ore after fin~-Qrindin9, through the For operation of either induced magnetic
leachinq, extraction, countercurrent or high tension separators, increase
decantation, precipitation, and yellow equipment operation value 'O~ and
cake filter presses. supplies 770. Since the input material
must be dried before passing through
The average labor cost is $7.54 per either of these process separators, the
worker-hour with a foreman at $8.68 and user must include the cost of drying
laborers at 56.91. from Section 5.1.3.8. (Drying
Concentrate).
The supply curve con~ists of reagents
67~ and electric power 33%. NOTE:
High tension or induced magnetic
F.quipment operation consists of repair separation is generally confined to
parts 921. and lubrication 87.. input tonnaoes under 10,000 tid.
r( "
Oft 'L 1t,.S1(x,O.519_
V· 8
. ,," ,,",,' ,,' , "
'E iii: l.S2lCX)D.682
1
The curves cover only the operation of 1. . I,'D' 10, ... 101,"0
the magnetic separators and slurry METR I C TONS PER DAY
pumps.
5.1.3.5. MAGNETIC SEPARATION
The average labor cost is 57.45 per
worker-hour with operators at $8.34, 5.1.3.6. HEAVY "EDIA SEPARAfIOR
laborers $6.19, and utilitymen $7.95.
These curves cover the cost of
The supply curve consists of electric separating ore minerals andlor waste
power only. material after the crushing process.
The costs follow through the thickener
Equipment operation consists of repair circuit where the desired ore material
parts 88% and lubrication 12%. passes on to a concentrator and the
remaining m~dia returns to the circuit
If a multiple pass of the ore through or on to another process. Equipment
75
operation includes pumps, screens, heavy laborers $6.91.
media cones, conveyors and thickeners.
Fach pass through the circuit is a The supply curve consists of electric
separate operation and should he so power only.
costed. Th~ user must determine the
amount of feed material for each pass Equipment operation 1s composed of parts
through the circuit. 90~ and lubrication 10~.
The average labor cost is $7.82 per If spiral classifiers are substituted
worker-hour with operators at $8.34 and for jigs, the supply curve should be
laborers at $6.91. decreased 3370 and equipment operation
decreased 35".
Supplies consist of the heavy media
(ferrosilicon or magnetite) 84~ and Jf tables ~re used for separation, the
electric power 16~. supply curve should be decreased 30" and
equipment operation decreased 25~.
Equipment operation consists of repair
parts 87~ and lubrication 13~. 1,'"
1O,DOO /'
/'
:/
V
#./
"...-
1,000 /'
V
/'
/
V /
uo
-
"t."/ ./
:tP' I- /' ./
,? ~
~I.~
V
,,~,
~
.... V
V .:: l
~ ......~"o~
100
/ ~/
..~'I.
/
0'
\,.,.~:;;...- YL·7.71SCX>D"t,O
~o~o/
~
Vs. 0.J670)0.731 -
V
~t.~
V
YE • O.29ItCX)O.UI
y I
10 L lOa.! x ! ".000
~ ~ L
V
'k:
'L = n.21(X,O.3l2 10,00
V '5 = O.6ID(X)a.u\
I 1,000
ItOO i x i 10.000
L L ~
10
100 , ,000 10,000 5.1.3.7. GRAVITY SEPARATION
METRIC TONS PER DAY
5.1.3.8. DRYIRG CORCENTRATE
5.1.3.f. HEAVY MEDIA SEPARATION
Drying operations generally use natural
5.1.3.7. GRAYITY SEPARATION gas when and if available; otherwise,
fuel oil is used. Products covered are
Thesp curv~s cover the processing of magnetite, barite, potash, molybdenum,
barite and narnet by the use of jigs, and others.
conveyors, pumps and screens. Water
usage for this operation has been These curves are based on using rotary
assumed at 7.6 m3 (2,000 gallons) per t kiln dryers equipped with dust
of feed material. Alluvial tin, free collectors.
901d, and platinum are also commonly
processed usinq this method. Dredge The average labor cost is $7.56 per
processing of free gold and platinum is worker-hour with operators at S8.34 and
covered in ~E'ction 3.1.2.3. (Dredqino). laborers at S6.91.
The averaqe labor cost is $7.68 per ~upplies consist of natural Q8S 82% and
workf>r-hour with operators at $8.34 and electric power 18~. If fuel oil is used
76
instead of natural Qas, increase that
portion of the curve by 18%.
'"/~~"
//
"'''
'"
~'
1,000
..
r
..,., ./
V
L.----:~\oy
o,t;
Vl°1I.
.,::;--- ;;;0-
"" ~
.;- --
..)'/
I...." ~
,,"'
, ,,\'?'
LL'" t,(t
,,
10'
/"'"
i
. '" ,iI:
lOO
r
/'
o~;"
~ ""
,:
l/~ ,,~
"'~",'"
YL" 57.IO(X)0.31]
§ 0.';"
? Ys" 7.JUOOO. BS
v • • 1.213eX)0.90]
I'
100 .! x .! 6~OOO
....' 10
100
"'' ' 'L • ,.ISt(X),·5Itl
1,000 10.000
. YS • ,.2760)" U,
VI • 1.'UCX)··sn _
METRIC TONS PER DAY
77
1, ... and lumber, pipe supplies, and
L" miscellaneous items 25X.
.... 1.-'
~'
F,guipment operation consists of repair
....; v' .. I.-'
parts 83~, fuel and lube 15~ and tires
~ . . v ..",,,,,
~
2".
1. .
.... "... For each 100 m incr~ment of pumpinQ
.... .'" '" distance greater or lesser than the 1 km
..." .... '"
"....... '" ~ase, add or subtract 6.5~ from supply
i o<)~~~ '" '" ",'"
curve.
} '" '"
r• V.... "' .. ~~~"';"'"
Ui~'" o,t.'!'
.: ~~
~ . ;, If the tails flow by gravity to a
8 ~,'~"
....
ponding area, subtract 90~ of power
10
~,
"'~ ~
portion of supply curve and reduce
",'
.;'
'" equipment o~eration by 90r..
........ '" YL ••• .,U(X).· 565
",'
lOt i X .i lDO,OOO
~
1
I I I I I
110 1,000 10,000 100, '00
1,000 i-':
5.1.4.1. T~ILINGS DEWATERING ~
V
5.1.4.2. TRANSPORT AND PLACE TAILINGS k?'
These curve5 cover the cost of V ~~
transportino the partially dewatered ". V'
~
Vi.-'
tailings to a tailinqs pond. The 100
"to
/ /
V
tailings darn is raised hy the constant
addition of new material. The curves '" ~"&-
./
~~
, ./
100
O.DItHlC)o.n'!
.! x .!. lOO~OOO
supply and equipment operation curves to I
100 1,000 10,000 100,000
any set of conditions as follows:
HETRI C TONS PER DAY TAl LI NGS PROCESSED
Factor = (Sa/S)(Ha/H)(E/Ea)(Ta/T)
5.1.4.2. TBANSPORT AND PLACE TAILINGS
Where:
S = Specific Qravity of slurry 5.1.4.3. RITER RECLAftATION
H =- Hearl, total
E = Pump efficiency These curve~ COVer the cost of returning
T =
Pump operatinq time water from the tailings ponds to the
a =
Subscrirt denoting actual mill. In many cases lime and flocculent
c:ondi tit ion~. must ~~ adde~ to settle out the
colloidal particles. The curves are
The averag~ lahor co~t is $7.88 per based on the followinq dat~:
worker-hour with a foreman at $8.68 and
laborers at $6.91. Specific Qravity of fluid = 1.02
Total head = 15 m
~uppli~s ccnsist of electric power 7Sr. rump efficiency = BO~
78
Pump operating time 80~ = 5.1.6. GENERAL OPERATIONS
Pumping distance = 1 km
5.1.6.1. GENERAL ITEKS -
Using the above data~ the user can COKKUNICATIONS, SAIITATIOI,
factor the costs obtained from the HODSEIEEPI.G, FIRE PROTECTION AND
supply and equipment operation curves to ELECTRICAL
any set of conditions using the equation
~iven on page 229. These curves cover the cost of general
yard vork~ carpentry repair, janitorial
~he averaQ~ labor cost per worker-hour services, plumbing, road grading, ditch
1s S6.91 for a laborer. cleaning, general mechanical repairs,
handling incoming supplies and
Supplies are composed of electric power materials, electrical maintenance and
for the pumps 57%, lime and flocculent repair, and general housekeeping.
33~, and miscellaneous items 107.
The averaoe labor cost is $7.63 per
r.quipment operation consists of repair worker-hour with general laborers at
parts 90r. and lubrication 10~. $6.91. The size of the workforce will
vary from a small crew of one or two
For each 100 m increment of pumping persons working a fractional day to
distance greater or lesser than the 1 km possibly 3 shifts of 50 to 60 persons
base, add or subtract 6.5~ from supply per day.
curve.
Miscellaneous supplies are priced at
1,000 SO.Oll/t.
./
V
Equipment operation is composed of
V l/ repair parts 53~, fvel and lube 30~ and
tires 17~.
100
1/11 V l/
/ ./ 10,010
V
..
."'..
~
V V V- .
I--
b! ~~
,,'-
~V . .. 1,.'
~
~~ " .... ,
10
~'t-
a~ L' ~ ... I.-
.o'
'"u0
V "~?'
. / 't-'"
" g;,~"./ 10" . ~
v/ V
",0:.
1,000
.... V
,'....
.~'
V
,£;..
/ j; .... 1~~~
V/"V/
/ YL := 1.81X1O- 3 (X)O.951
Ys
YE
:=
=
3.02X1O- 3 (X)O.971
1.18XlO- 3 (X)O.930
L
.. .. I.-' ...
.,.......~",.~;~
~
100
100 H]/DAY ..5 X ..5 32S~OOD Hl/OAY ~, a~~"
~"; L'
0.10
$0.09
0.10
10
CUBIC METERS RECLAIMED WATER PER DAY X 10 3
100 1,.00
..' ;'
~1/
~~"'"
8 .... , ~
~'
~
Permits are generally required prior to
disturbinQ the Qround surface, and " 'L·l.711(X)··7D'
T• • • • "OCX)l ••
topsoil must he removed and stockpiled
' • • o.,OS(X)··72.
for reuse. The areas surrounding
11. 1 x1 1.... 00.
benefjciation area (plant) must be • I I
planted. It is estimated that 1
100 l"aOG 10 .. 000 "',000
restoration would cost about $5.000 per Ml!TRI C TONS PER DAY MILL FEED
surface hectare.
5.1.6.1. GENERAL ITEMS
79
5.1.6.2. CO"PBESSED AIR PLANT For beneficiation of ores where a
flotation process is not involved the
The use of compressed air is generally user must estimate the water require-
very low in most beneficiatin~ plants. ments for the system being used, then
If it is reQuired, the compressor has no apply the ccst per m3 cost given above.
operator assigned to it and therefore
only repair labor is chargeable to the 101,'"
operation. Low pressure air is often
used in flctation and high pressure air
is used for controls and oeneral use.
1I,0tt 1/
The labor curve is based on a mechanic
cost of $7.Q5 per worker-hour.
lL
The supply curve consists of electric 1#100 1/
pow£>r only. i
Equipment oreration consists of repair
..•... ,.,'~
parts 71% and luhrication 29% and takes .: 100 ~
into account intermittent compressor 8 l,.I
usage for this type of an installation.
V
100 11 V
~ 'I • e.ltlcx)1.1
1,.1" /'
.
_
~
.,.'
, .- I
10 100 1 •• 00
IS "'/DAY ! lit.! .,0#100 "'/DAY
--
,,1I01l
tl't
.;,-
10
~- --
-E lI\f'!";-
io'"
~.,.
.,. .... 1.- 5.1.6.3. WATER SUPPLY SYSTr.~
-- .,.'"--
I-
... 1-'" .,.
\~':,. These curvps cover the cost of general
.,1-~" drainage control around the
~"
beneficiation area, and are composite
1.. .. averages for this item which includes
culverts. ditches. drains, and sumps.
YL = o... ,a.(X)··'17
Ys • O.O'7CX)O.615
The labor curve is baspd on the cost of
'! Ii 1.n\(x)O.216
laborers at $6.91 per worker-hour.
100 .! x .! lOO,ODD
Supplies consist of 100% miscellaneous
0.11
100 1,000 10,000 100,000 materials.
HETRlC TONS PER DAY MILL FEED
Equipment cperation consists of repair
5.1.6.2. COMPRESSED AlB PLANT parts 53%, fuel and lube 30r. and tires
17'; •
5.1.6.3. VATER SUPPLY SIST!"
NOTE:
The wat~r supply system cost curve is The equipment operation and supplies
based on supplying a certain quantity of curves are Identical and the user should
makeup wat~r to the plant. The total apply the full value obtained to each of
II'ill W8.ter requirement is based on these items.
supplying 2.5 to 4.5 m3 of water per t
of material floated. Makeup water is
estimated a~ 10~ to 40~ of the total
water requirement with reclaimed water
supplyinq the remainder. The cost of
makeup wat~r has been priced at $0.10
per m3 and is the sole component of this
curve.
80
·1•I" workforce of 1,800 persons is equivalent
1.M'
/ to S8.50 per person per day. If the
/
calp 1s to be operated on a seasonal
basis dUe to inclement weather, increase
/ I the cost 25 ~.
V /
v.;'~
~ V II.....
u.
11..'.1-""
L
V /
V /
i v' /
/
...E / /
/
~y
~.,~~V'
10 ••••
~'
~ V
,),~
:> ~
//
-
/
/
/
V"
'L • 0.1,,(:0 1 ••
's • 'olnex)l.'
I ••••
/
'I ••• IU(X,I.0 -
V
V 100 .! X .! UO,IOI
I I I I
. /
/
L CN'P OPERATION DAIU COlT
V 1 .... .! x .! .,000
~.1.6.4. DRAINAGE AND DISPOSAL SYSTEM 10. I I I I I I
10 10. 1,000 1•• 00 ••
5.1.6.5. CARP OPERATION TOTAL DAJ LY MANPOWER
81
Mate,l .. to
be .hlpped
Mlner.'or.-
Iron concentratl
fluxing IIm••tone
Denver
Rete
u.
1.374
2.143
Mtn-Plic.
Foetor
1.0
1.0
1.0
_Factor
Wee"'"
Factor
1.4
1.1
NA
S._.....
Factor
1.3
..
.1
--
Factor
1.1
1.5
1.1
-.
Factor
1.1
2.3
1.3
Class 10 F = 16.08(X)-O.710
The folfowlng map Indicate, the d."gnated factor .,... For a Class 50 haul of 200 ~m in a
competitive area with a load of 25 t:
Factor = 15.P9(200)-o.?O? 0.375 =
Rate =11.61xO.68xO.95x.375 =
4.21 t/t-km.
Total Cost = 4.27x25x200/100 = $214
The data and classifications used for The major cost variables are:
rail transportation are based on U. S.
DepartMent of Transportation, Federal Amount of cargo to be moved (size of
Railroad Administration, ·Carload tow), covered or open hatches, special
Waybill Statistics, Territorial or standard holds, and the possibility
Distribution, Traffic and Revenue by of barge carrying cargo on back haul
Comlllodity Classes." inst~8d of making return trip in
ballast.
5.1.6.6.2. TRUCK TRAISPORTATIOI
Typical rate is $0.006/t-km and if cargo
The following oives the rates per t-km is available for return trip reduce cost
for contract truck transportation in by 40~.
mountainous areas. Three classes have
been designated to cover the value of 5.1.6.6.4. PIPELINE TRANSPORTATION
various materials to be shipped:
Pipeline costs are appreciably affected
Class 35 less than SO.SS/kg by vertical alignment (i.e. number of
elass 50 from SO.aa/kg to S2.20/kg lifts or pumping stations required and
Class 70 qreater than S2.20/kg tyPe of material). Typical rates for
well lubricated nonviscous materials
Th~ noncompetitive 50 kill haul rates are:
based on Denver in July 1975 are:
Few lifts - SO.004/t-km
Class 35 14.76 tIt-kill Several - SO.008/t-km
Class 50 17 .61 tlt-km
Class 70 20.84 tIt-kill 5.2. BEIEFICIATIOJ - ADftIRISTRATIYE
COSTS
"'distances
0 adjust these rates for other haul
where X =
distance in It.• : 5.2.1. GENERAL EXPENSE
Class 35 F = 14.41(X)-O.68Z 5.2.1.1. ADBIRISTBATIYE SALARIES AID
VlGES
Class 50 F = 15.89(X)-O.70.,
expense curve
The general for
beneficiation administrative salaries 5.2.1.3. ADRIIISTRATIYE EQUIP"EIT
and wages is intended to c~ver the OPERATION
supervision and various other
administrative functions required for This curve includp.s administrative
mills of varyin0 sizes. The number of equipment operation expense for vehicles
administrative (salaried) employees such as s~dans, pickups and fl~tbed
varies from 3 to 4 persons workin~ a trucks. The curve components are: tires
sin9le shift in the smaller mills to as 2%, parts 40%, fuel end lube 37~, and
many as 100 or more in the larger mills. repair labor 21~ assumin? the equipment
is used ~01. of its available time.
The breakdown of personnel into various
classifications together wi th the 11,0"
average percentage of cost attributable
V'
to each is as follows:
/'
Classification
~upervision
Percent
31 ~o,
V
Clerical 8 .t-"
..,..~
Engineering 23 1,000 ~o,
/
Assaying & retallurqical 19 ,$,'
o,t'
Purchasing f, Warehousing e /
Safety & First ~id 6 o,"~ 9 /
Security 5
......
;7 ~o,/
V
",0,
Selected median monthly salaries are
follows:
8S
V
0,.
/'
~.:l~~ I;
....t-"'~
no / ./
/ .,..-
~ill Superintendent $2,200 .,?;..;~"o,z V
V
General Maintenance Foreman 1,500 ..:: .... ...,o~
.,........
~..t-
o~
Electrical Foreman 1,500
Plant Engineer 2,000 "'~~ ...
~Q..:;;r
Safety Director 1,600 VV .~
~
Purchasing Agent 1,500 10
L ~'Y
V ~>
NOTE:
The above monthly salaries do not ./ ......~
"':"-- 5.2.1.1. Yl ;< l.Jll(x,O.751
include an allowance for burden. If
these personnel are covered hy the sallie V 5.2.1.2. Ys = O.069(X'O .... ,
5.2.1.3. y~ :c 0.056(X,O.6"
83
84
6. BEJEFICIATIOB CAPITAL COST ESTIRATIOB Regrinding:
F =
O.003357(I)(X)0.702(A-B)
Throu9hout ~ection 6. the user should Where:
note, specifically, the number of shifts r = Factor
per day upon which the capital costs are I =
Work Index (see table in Section
based. Then, for the numb@r of shift~ 5.1.1.)
per day desired, multiply the daily X = Feed size to grinding, cm
tonnaoe by the ratio of the base number P =
Product size from grinding, mesh
of shifts divided by the shifts desired. H =
Product size from regrinding, mesh
Unless otherwise noted, cost is based on
a three-shift operation. A = (,,)0.699
6.1. BEIEFICIATIOB - CAPITAL COSTS
85
6.1.3. COMCEI!RA!IIG 10 ••••
6.1.3.1. FLOfA!ION
Flotation is divided into elements for II
one-, two-, and three-product processes.
The cost curve covers acquisition and V
installation of slurry pumps, piping,
float cells, and aqitators or /
conditioning tanks.
V
The cost is distributed to purchased V~
equipment 62r., construction labor 26% 1."0
/
and construction materials 12~ and is /
based on a three-shift operation. For //
the flotation processes described below,
the tonnages given refer to the daily .:: . .V
mill feed into the first
process.
flotation .
.:
/
The curve is for a single-product
flotation process and is valirl from 100
§ V fLOTATION .AS!. CURVE
SEE: TEXT fOR AP'PLICATIOH
COST. U,'ltl(X)··JU
86
Nickel sulfide concentrate 2.50 to 4.00 concentrate.
/
§
Where:
X = Settling area in m2/t III
V
/
/
10, ••• V
,
COST = U.I72(X)Oo550
5 .! x .! 30,000
II
1 10 UI 1.... 10.000 101.000
1.11'
.; '" METRIC TONS PER DAY ~ILTERED
V
6.1.3.3. CONCENTRATF. FILTRATION
V 6.1.3.'. LEACHIRG
V
[/V'
100 teaching is divided into elements for
.:: ./
cyanide vat leach. dump/heap/vat leach
.. V and uranium acid leach. Costs are for
acquisition and installation of leach
/v circuit ° equipment. Major items of
V ~quipment are pumps. thickeners.
10
v agitators. filters and front-end
loaders.
87
10,000 10,000
~ ,/
/ /'
V
v v ./
,/
1,000
r 1,000
./
V ~
V
'"o V V
>< ><
...
o'"
u
construction labor
construction materials.
and 56~ to
Heap leaching
.
==
//
pad cost is an additional $5.60 per t of 0-
V
ore. distributed 28~ to construction S //
labor and 72% to construction materials. COST = ~~S.'(X)1.0
'too:! x .! 6,000
The user must determine the num~er and 100 I I I
laD 1,1" 11,101
capacity of vats or pads, bearing in
METRIC TONS PER DAY
mind that while some are in use. others
will be out of service for cleaninq or
loading and unloading of materials. 6.1.3.4.3. URANIUM ACID LEACH
88
6.1.3.5. ""RETIC SEPARATION each circuit rather than using the
combinpd ca~acity.
The costs are for acquisition and
10,000
installation of the maQnetic circuit
equipment. ~ajor items of equipment are
maqnetic separaters, screens and pumps.
The cost is distributed to purchased
~quipment 62~, construction labor 261.,
and construction materials 1270 and is
/
based on three shifts per day.
/'
/'
If hiQh tension or induced maQnetic '"
",-'
separation circuits are to be added,
increase th€ curve cost by 83~. 1,000 ,,'",-'
",'"
NOTE: -'
High tension or induced magnetic -'
~/
separation is generally confined to
input tonnaQes under 10,000 tid. " " -'
.. v/
II, ...
$2°'7 S
COST = 2763(X)0.758
~O\~ x ~ IO'rOO
./ lOO I
lOO 1,000 10,000
/
.. v HETR!C TONS PER DAY
89
$1,0",50'
1,000 10,'01
",'"
",'"
1;"
",'"
",'"
'"
~'"
,,/
",'"
",'"
",/
1,000
./
..
. . '"
",'"
100
/' >C
V ..... ~.
'"o .. '
>C
....
.,
.
~
101
100 $. X $. _,0 00
ID
1 1 I
100 1,000 10,000
METRIC TONS PER DAY COST = 33,~39(X)O.339
S'sX.5.JO,OOO
l'
I 100 1,000 10,000 10.# . . .
6.1.3.7. GRAVITY SEPARATION
METRIC TONS PER DAY - DRYER FEED
90
10,0" steel pipe) 28~. and installation labor
16~ and is based on three shifts per
day.
/v 1',0"
V
/ :".....
V'
•, y V //
1,'"
/' //
/ 1,000
~r.
,/ ...,..y
~
'"
. /
. /
~.... ,-\~.....
.: d7
....~" V'17
"c.t-
,.:
8
8 iPr.
...
......
I
.:~"
~o ,,-
0";';;-
110 ./ \ ... :!.;.
';:-
COST' 23, BOOeX)o. 630
",/
, TAl LiNerS DEVAUItNC
100 .! X .! 6,000
COST. '55.,eX)'··'·
V~v
100 taO .$. x.i 100,000
100 1,000 10,1"
METRIC TONS PER DAY TRANSPORT AND PLACE TA-ILlteS
6.1.'. VASTE AID TAILIMGS DISPOSAL METRIC TONS PER DAY FEED
91
2,000 m3 /d. If a subcontractor is used, multiply
labor by 1.50, supplies by 1.20, and
1,000 equipment expense by 1.20 to compensate
for subcontractor's markup.
1,000
V
./ 1/
100 I
j...-
,/ /
>C
.. 10
./
I
V
V
/
/
100
i--
/
COST = 392.9(X)O.SI9
2,000 .! X ! 325,000
L
!J.10
-
.j..
0.10 10
COST
100
= 20,300
!"OR X .! 2,000
1,008
...
:
1/
lL
CUBIC METERS PER DAY X 10 3
~ V
8 I
6.1.4.3. WATER RECLAMATION
92
medium clearing. For heavy clearinQ the 10,000
cost should be increased 75~ over those
shown for medium cle~ring.
1 .i x .!. 500
saws. HECTARES
93
I ..... I', •••
V
V
--'
V
V
i,.-' i."
I, ...
1/ 1,'"
V-
/ ./
'"
V . ...
..
==
Vi.'
/"
...
==
V
V
/' ./
V
,'- V
I ••
1-' 1.1 V
--'
10'
~
I I
x .! 100,000
I I
I .. 1,'" 11,001
Ml!TItIC TONS I'I!It DAY MILL ,UD .
1•• ,'" "•
1 1 00'
M~TRIC TONS peR DAY
lO 000 lOO,.O.
"actors:
For a two-product mill floatinq from 100
to 40,000 tId. the base curve should be
increased 297..
94
If fine ore bins are to be included the sa.e facilities the user must determine,
added cost maJ be calculated as follows: usinQ a knowledge of the require.ents,
what can be jointly used and how .uch,
~dded Cost = 218.67(X)o.?ge if anJ, increase to the cost aust be
.8de for jOint U88ge. The cost 1s based
Where: on a three-shift .i11 operation.
X = "ill reed in tId
The following distribution oives the
To insulate fine ore bins add $2 per tId percentaoe allocation of total costs
of .111 feed. 8pplicabl~ to the offices and laboratory
Cost facilities:
The mill buildinos are based on weather
requirements for the Denver area and the Cost Co.ponents Offices Lab 's
cost may be reduced 5~ for more aoderate
areas or increased 5~ for aore severe ~uildings and Fixtures 37J 7~
areas. Erection t Installation 1~~ 3~
Excavation and Concrete 15~ 3~
I
..... ,,10-'
V ./ "
./
/ /
V V
./
100'
/ ./
,I
V V
~ ....
•
... V
1...
!/
L ,/
V
... ~
::
..
•
V '"::
.,:
I /
.
MILL 'UII.OIMS US. t_
III TIlT I'0Il APl'LlCATIOII
...•
.. V
COlT • 7UseX)··11I
•1..
1.. SXS1......
I II I I
.......
I
...
11
I....
1
_ , • ".tUCK'"
..I.! . ! '",'''
11 ....
I I
us
I I
......a
IlETalt TOIlS PO DAY MILL rllD
6.1.6.3. "ILL BUILDIMGS
6.1.6.'. OFFICES AID LA808AtOlIES 6.1.6.4. OrFICES AND LABORATORIES
The cost shovn for offices and 6.1.6.5. VEHICLES
laboratori@s includes construction of
oeneral offices, enoineerino and safety The costs shown are for the service
offices, and laboratories, includlno vehicles assiqned exclusively to the
furnishinos as veIl as all necessary mill. "ajor items of equipMent include
assay and metalluroical equip.ent. The pickup and flatbed trucks, hydraulic
cost is based on steel huildino cranes, front-end loaders, fork lifts
construction. The buildlnqs are based and SMall dump trucks. The costs are
on veather require~ents for the Denver h8se~ on a three-sbift mill operation.
8.rea and the cost lIay be reduced 5l for
more 1I0derate areaS or increased 5~ for
more severe areas. If the mlne and
henetic~ation plant are to share the
96
1,00
° 10,00
°
I-'
,/
/'
./
V 1,000
V
'"o
V l---'
V/ ",'"
10 ~ X ~ 10,000
10
100 10,000 100,000
METRIC TONS PER DAY MILL FEED
COST = 11,39I(X)0.35~
96
Housinq trnits The total design, engineering and
construction management f~e curve is
FaMily units with living, dining. based on a sinQle firm performing both
kitchen, bath and sleeping facilities tasks. The other- two curves are based
for 2 adults and 2 to 4 children: on different firms performing each task.
$17,000.00
10, ...
~~'
1 to 6 units, $50,000.00 for camp
livin9, dining and kitchen facilities. ...,~(> 'l;9~"
For each additional type R bachelor unit ,+.,.,; ,<i'. ~"
+~ ",.,.. IV'",~"
add $3,500 to the $50,000 amount. 101 .,
.",.,L. ...,os
6.1.8. RESTORATIOI DUBIIG CORSTBOCTION ..:: ~
"/
P~
,.
Cl
..~
97
88
7. SAMPLE PROBLEMS
7.1. GENERAL
tlining of Ore:
20,500 tId at 46 II depth
550 )I at 8% and 370 1!1 level haul
tabor Costs:
$10.25/hour average - Drill & Blast
$10.79/hour average - Excavation. toad & Baul
Restoration:
0.1 hald at SS,OOO/ha
General Labor Cost:
S10~11/hour average
100
7.2.1. SUMMARY OF ITE" COST~
, ••• J. .,...
i!.t:lfOU" .... DClaI .... ~.OD'JC1'I~. :
COl':DA':~""D!
. _ ...~_ ~ _'lS..C).O~ _,I( _ . .l!Q.~~U~:..l- • 2!!.. '
co,,, C;o~J
.-U. IIU TQfII.TO'''L' '.0 (Otc).
,:LEE..?~
I
..;;.JI"'I5~COSTS=_C;..c...
_,..,Jc·=I.;.::::_;;;:;:oICE=i-ift'::;.i:",II&="'I:= _._)_ _ _ __ ,nINUI NO. l$ft"3·o3
. . ,~ffii==~DE~M~.,~~=I~DW~_·__30=,~'~09~___________ , ••nf .. , ......'-'.'-"11'-___.____-,:-:-
_
,altt..l. 'f:--.B2..~ "fl~~
-------------------.~
......... .IIC_.,.1I•
CMlCllO .,: .~.A.M. ....TI: ,,/;)q/77
.
II".INCI
1----+-"-...,1------------- _~I~~ ~/"''' ,..Ouc,'.,. ~·A~~~!!.~~~DA' ~~~~C!:!...., ... II: UOI.l • TOUL COl""" • I'HDUCT 01' '''''0,", • JO'AI. : _
101
~~- ~
"'...
:: ~
a
~~~ I~I [~
~
EE
~ ~I ~
· ~.
I I ~
~
e z • ~
. ~ .. '1
1 w
~ r -
.....~
5
t. c '"c ~
!II-...- ~. ~
"I.. i ;
! ... 0 .cI
~. .: ~
I .
~
r!~ i 0
~
:
~ ~
• t I
II II
IS
~
=I r X i
".
;;u
~.~
. il I~
E~
i e.1
II
-I
~
- II
.....,
1i ;
~~ ilf
.. .
~
~
~ i
; ;::
:! r;
f u
~
~
~
~ ~I
~
~· ~ ~ I~
~
I
!I
.
!if
~I
;
;
~
II .. I
3 ~i
Ii. .
~
~
II
;:
;:u
.. o 0 0
~O ~o ~~
1 flf~
t-on It
11\ ..
I
! ;:
· .ir
c r~
H
.11
1 I :: ..E '"I
~v
~
!r.. -f ! § i:...
it
;: "
i r
eI: i
;
.;
E .
iii :!I
! ! e"
S
.5·
;:
c
; -- ~ ~ ..
fI
II .a
.:
!5~ ~
"
i i i
i i
i! r
i!:1 ....vi
§f
·· ... •
••
oJ.
,
:#
..
~
i
Ii ~ ~
102
7.2.2. C1LCUL1TIOI SHIlTS
_ I C " NO 1~S.I-03
'H&l1' , or ~ _ _ _I
SUBJECT ~ur-fo..c:.e M\V'I''''~ ... ft o...../ MUl DAn~..!l...-
+.I-JIt'________ """1' S.'.
___O'-l?l!.le"-lr..!>l!.Q,wtw'2Jn",=~~c.....o",~..... lye.. _ _ _-I
S. \. ,. L' C.\eQY"I\'\~
.(.., ZO'o s\C!e ~\Dpe ~ F- 0.&
)..., ~ '" \- Co \ e. Do. Y'I ... ~ ~
E.~CD.. \A..t,·Oll\ F'A..C.+D\'"$ ~
F:: 1.00 - 0.' 5 " 0.2 S
)... " \.O~O
S '" .(.,S(I.0f.,8)"" •. ~5(l.oG,S) .. \;ot.1'
~;: :T.S [.10(I.01Q) + .30Cl.ol.s)1
"" .25 ["~5C\.(n't) ... ,(,."?>(I.ot..8) + .o't(I.ose)]:: 1.01'2-
)...(l.'b()\~ Loc::.~\.,o'" FAc...\,or .. \0. ,o/"T.~O ~ '.. 't,0
103
l
Z:...-_
SHUT--: O~ _3:.-_ _
1
SUOJECT--l$"",V~y-~~,,::::.c.:::;e==-.!:;I/..;...:.,~",!.!\~~:..:c.,:l-._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ DY bO'NAJVIl DATE ~I!L?:!.-
Oper~~I~~ ~~_~O~~+~$ _____________ GIIOUP' ~. I ITE"' _ _ _ _ 1
104
SUBJECT t't.:..:o"r-----------
-...:::~,-,u,-,'-__fw(A.=-c.?e-..:..:V\...:..':..;.Y\:..:., DY ~Of./\fl.." VI DATt ))/.,Z.Bt!l._
0re,,"D...L'r>~ Co"t" GIIOUI' a.1 ", .. _ _ _--1
I'IIO.'CT NO 1~53-05
."UT_-=--_or
I .1 - - - I
--
SUBJECT COu 1"'.(:"" c e ""'V"'" , DY &ovYAA.1oII DATE \\/2.~/11
Ad y,,\ . . . ,~+ to ·hye CD~t'!l GIIOUI' 3 . .e ",.. ___--I
L -__.....- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -__________ .
106
7.3. SURFACE KIKE - CAPITAL COST - BASIC DATA
All work is subcontracted where applicable on a 5 day, 1 shift
schedule.
Exploration:
Color Aerial Photograph - 40 Sq km
Airborne Magnetic Survey - 500 line ta
Airborne Radioactive Survey - 500 line ka
Airborne Electromagnetic Survey - 500 line km
Access Roads:
10 II vide, 8 km lono
Standard clearing. 25" side slope
50:C in si to r·ock
S11.50/hour average lobar rate
Clearing:
250 ha, light, < 20X side slope
$10.73/hour averaoe labor cost
Overburden and Waste:
81,600 tId, 29,000,000 t waste
550 II at 8~ and 2380 II level haul, pit 46 II deep
Labor Cost:
$10.25/hour average - Drill t Blast
$10.79/hour average - Excavation, Load & Haul
Equipment:
9 cy Shovel
85 ton Trucks
Rotary Drilling
Mine Plant and Buildings:
58.500 tId ore and vasto
Railroad Construction:
9.65 ~m spur line
Drainage System:
250 cu mId at 48 II head
Townsite:
50 Type A Bachelor Units
25 Type B Bachelor Units
50 Family Units
Restoration:
10 ha at S5.000/ha
Enoineerino Fe~ only
106
7.3.1. SUMMARY OF ITER COSTS
,SS.3-0~
II
••_. '.1. [1P1.~'.\Il11l ~'C I.cass ~D~ rSf,..-'t: "'0.
.... , lmoll!"- ~''I£D ·U O<v. 29§oo ~"UT lifO. I- 5
------ -------------- '1f,,,.U IY:~~ OAff~~l-'T
IT:~A""'" lVzaZTi
" .......
'''(Uf:O o.A'!:
.,r"t.'lC1
"ItS!"', onClI""'"
1---
.. '.t. f"M.~..rI"'. Tor...... co,, M..~'-L9'§'~ __ ,JZ-UL
, ..·VJ..... 'ION C(KT I't. ''''.
''t'"" c.,~ •'I'D (OIU ~
.... 1. •. 1. In· ru ... ,,,,,,
"."',1, --4- '" .....5,qL • .&IICj~ 1.:I'.~4.. J.• .e1L .. ,. ~~Q.. • .J3.'1'L".9;~j:'I.9_~ r '2 4~~ ~'U!--'_
.... ,....
•. 1.'-'. -A...CM
.......!-..",
t;s/8.1~'..d1~O$t"-"_!·~!!,. ~f • ..i..!A~~_
--flu.. . ..a.a.c:.~e~l.:5~·.t6.!" ....1...4,.a4-0.
Jl.1'~,~2!...!!_~
~'JQ.. ~JC_'.~
__ .~
__ . ...!.19,.'.~Q.
~L~_e_
_aofL
• .dz'}~q."1I._\.'t.!!....~,-t..J.....~
r ..a.!!."~25_Jf2CS'."',.2 • Jft:l~_
£.z~_~
.!J!.!.....f:)~
".1.' "~
_""'T£IICtlSTS
_ , •• 1. _ACt: " .. ,,; CM'ITIII. COSTS UTlIUoTC MO._'.9'~'IJl!;C-"C,,-,;a..._~_ __
.... : Jfm . . ".,(1 PU DAY· '9199 IMlU NO. t· ~A e~v. ~ -el."e
""".uro n:_~.9_"" ___ OAT.:1Jl.~
'''" ... ", "'. .. .. "'CI'''''. 'MIMI'I' ' . _n e.os' •••OOVCT OP' ,,,CTO., • TOTAL
c..r:Cllto ''':--AA.~ OArt:ELiiii.".
.Tt'" '01'''L
•• f ... 1. ·.11· h ..... NC ..es;t ..A -HL.'''\'~;l'~l·' .:r.uu --AU.....',.o·)~tJl·.5".e .Jl&.ISt ~1(.'9:I':~i':?-11f " .~ .J..2.l,..l..A.
... ,," ••"." . ..,......... ...... ~~T'" -:R.lU..-a "~!'irJP4" .~ ..d.I:J...L...£a.:!.tflj..J:U.l'_I!.la.I.-.~ 1.02.t1tfl- .. ~~.1,AUJII ~
•. t.l. t. f.U•• ' ..... ~........."".......UII""'''.'fl~''_ .a.!U.!.... • .&:~J~:1.Lf\~ •.t,!l.."\!1 ~I( C,I!It&",lto"!''Z. .~I ~.!-t~a;~I~~IC'.09&..~ ~
".1.1. ..,. " ' ' ' ' " ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ...'fI ........."T. TO'&\. COIf r _UI!82' ."~
,.~ .~
----,
• \.l!JUlJ l.UU2L.
... t.J.',1
".'.1.'.1
·111·
'1,,·
"".". I"""
".''''''''I,n''''
"~
..-0.
~ .. loa·
'--
.~ ~
•. !.: •. I.
. ,.
-It.· C-"'-ICA"Old
""... 54.00
TID
~, I:QJ~ .~ ~
... t.t .... , ....... _ '''''III 5-1,"000 ~·i 1·2'" • 1'T<cozlo \".,2'0
101M.'.'"
... '.1.'.
-1 ... ·
. .....
01''''<1 .......
,.,.,.U .".".....,
S.f,'ir'
\~~OC
-1E..~'.
~.
--L9:'(t JC • IS
.~
~
....L~
.,"" ~
C_IU,-
..
..., ".......... .0''''' en'
,ft, -.. f •• , • •~ (011)
~ ~
•• 'UV~
~
.#",z,-
12ze~4-1
107
-~
I.
.
§
...
i ,~
:~~ !
~.
ij ~ ..i
21
I:
• &
...
I
i I&. ::~
..
I
~
v
..
i
! ..
;
~I~---------------------------~
:,.
,;
~,.
.. -. ..
; ; ,.
108
7.3.2. CALCULATIOM SHEETS
."UT_L-I)'~_
SUBJECT-!::E:.:::J(4i':.:.\~o.:...r.=.:o..:....:+...:..I:..o1f\:...:--=t.L-LAl..:c:::..:c:~e=-=.s~5--1.:R~0:.:::tIfo.:.:d=-S~_ _ _ DV 6OV/At. V\ DATe "/t. e/TI
Co.1>,t~\ CO!>r GROU" It. I IT£.M _ _ _-I
AI\'"borne, l::\edro
J
w-~,\",e ~ ICo SIJI'""e'j JHv/~,,", (500 k......... j ;: ~OOo
n 2. 5~ 't 00
E.,,:>c:.D.\()'~IO'" F,,-cJov' ,. \.O~~
109
P"OJECT NO I ~ s ~- 0:'
.HUT f.
SUBJECT Et-V \or'!.\, ol\ t Ac.c,e.t;, Roc;.ds DY t 0\1\/1\ M-II Dm "/t.~hL
•
--C'IIiIo.¥-f'..L1±Llll.fo6..L.\--lo.C"""Qu~L.tL-_________ G"ou" 1\:. '2.. ITE" _ _- \
110
..ltO•• CT ..O I~ sa .. 0 ~
.HltEr 1 0" _~'--_--I
SUBJECT S u r-f o.c. e \It, V\ \ " ~ ., !'olil/At-Ill om 'V28/11
---:c.==.IP.~·p~1r,...::e..:::";\:"'-'JII!.CLDs",-t.:..'$~_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .ltOU" ..... t. IT&M _ _- /
111
....OJECT NO 1~:,'3-o~
.HU'~~~_ 0,.--*"--__ 1
SUBJECT 5vt"+().c:e \-111'1"1 \\'\3 DY 'OOI~/,.,..t" DAn "/';'.0/.:1)
~C~c).~P!..1,--,t~'\u.\~co<..!o~~L:rL.:S~_ _ _ _ _ _ _-,.-_ G .. OUP .,..2.. W a/2.lhS
112
PROJECT NO I '} 5 ~ . 0 ;
SHUT & o~ _ _41--__ '
SUBJECT---'B......,.4......n"e.wf~;-""c.o..li..I<:<+>.lot.u..il..t.o.!.Jn1--_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Dy'BaMIAAM DATE \lIe. 8/1 1
Cgp:ia\ Co.;i5 GROUP 4.f. ~ .IDI~/~
4,2.e.s~ f-Iec.trical ~Y"t.e.n'I
E...cJCo.la.ti 0 f'I Fqct:.ol" - • 8(,.074h.2 (I. 0,"8) '" 1.073
4.2.2..7. Office~ t
LQbo~to,.ies
Esco.lo. 1:.;0 n F.,..,c'lc.r'::. (. S1 + .01 +. I!::>+. 0 3)(1.1 \ \) t (.I4.+. 3){ I· ObS) °
+ (,1 ~+.08)(1.014) ~ l.o9h
Area. Fo.c.tor = O. '75
113
""OJECT NO I~c;,o -03
.NUT tot ~c---I
or _.:..L:l
SUBJECT ~\lr~o.c.e \1\\\'\\ "'\ DY r,p""/AA.VI o .. n "/1.e,/7"1
CO~\tp \ Co~t GIIOU.. 'to Z. ~ !J/!!!IJ~
It. ~.~. E....~,\'l eer' .... j !. Con~h-&)c.+,~'" \l\o. .....,..~e ~e"" ~ Fee
c.o~+ flJ~~\S 11
J+.I. z.. '180 "'t~5
.... 2.. I. ~ ~,) Ito 2.) 1"38
~."Z. ~~~92,5~O
't.,.~. eI
294,J0IO
"\. 2. "t • 5~.1 2. 5 0
1.4-.2...~. 15, 5 50,.0i~
115~J 11 a} e~l'
"t. '2..,. v:{Dr"~"',\ C~~I-\-D...\
CO~\ ft.>c:.. ....\~
3.\ I.,c.lP
~.~ o.~68
z.o-a4 tit.
(Z..OB4 $/t.) (20J 600t.. )(,"0 d~j~') ~. , Z-) SO '1 8Z0
114
TAIUlATIOII 9F IlEIt COSTS·
SUJFM,J; "Ill AlII) mro:l~IATlOII PI.MT IIT' ....' I ... 1953-03
TOtS • "llIED PEa DAY • 2Q:lQg _CT 100. T- 1 gev·fl:.Z7.7"!.'l
TOIlS ORE PROC£SSED PEl DAY • ~O,..,
.,-11'''10 I':
"'Tr;~"
._ .... S_,
_n .... ICSC."'IOJII
1
LA'GIIt
*nIIAU. ''''''LUI.,
L" S\Jlt rN'rl.rt
CHlC_'O If:
.IOW ,o,~
...,
I. .,. EllYIRO'tIOTAl I"'ACT STATEI£IIT TOTA&. cotT • S
•
t..I
•t..I
SUJFAq: "1111 JIG •
t-i
".1. I - I. .rIlATiNC COST ,el 'o.. Q.:z,~ Q.~'7. Q·dll L'7i!i! :w
,.1.
,. .,.
I - I MOoI.IUI.Jlve C." .11 , . .
I • Q.U) ~u 'It!!
Q.OII
r• 0 .• ;0 era TO, I •
51;2."
2.034 "'I ISPN
~
c::
to<
:w
fIJ'
....t-io
'.1. 1:!;2!:1 ~.2..e
I. .,.
I • , AOMINtlnATlvl COlT 'II 'ON
TOTAL .CId',CIA"ON ~r'. AHO ADM1N. COST r• PC! 'sm I • "•• 'ON I • 'Ia TON I • ~clt rOlf
o
til
t-i
til
I. I - lee TOTAL 11"IPlCI"rtON c.vn..... cos, ca .•• ) I • rei 'PH I • ~CI ,p, ,. ",. TOte I • ",. 'ep
--
7.4. BENEFICIATION PLANT - OPE.ATtIG COST - BASIC DATA
Plant is operated on a 3 shift basis, elcept crushinv is on 2
shifts ..
"ill reed I
20,500 tid
General Labor Rate:
S8.80/hour a.erage
Electrical Pover Costl
SO.0294/kW-h
Crushing:
1.27 ca, Vork Index. 15
Grindin9:
1.27 c. feed, 200 "esh output, Vork Index. 15
Regrindings
200 "esh feed, 325 "esh output, 2,000 tid
Flotation:
408 tid output, 2 products (Cu-Bo)
Copper Heap Leaching:
20,000 t for p~s
It,OOO Llain
Hauling cost included with ain1nv operat1on.
Dryingl
10 tid
011 fired
Vaste & Tailinvs Disposal:
20,000 tid
Cyclone dewatering, 1/2 crew on1,
1.6 ka transport and place b, vra.ity
Vater Bec1a.ationl
6,800 cu ./d
Vater Supply:
66,000 cu aid .ake up
Restoration During Production:
0.05 hald at S5,000/ha
Caap Operation:
100 persons, 40X requir1nv rooa and board and 60X reQu1ring
room only
Transportation:
Rail - Mountain-Pacific area
113 tid Copper - 595 ka
23 tid "oly - 1lt5 ka
Truck - Class 35
272 tid - 113 km
Competitive, dewaterinv
< 23 t per truck
Administrative Burden:
25"
Administrative Equip.ent Usagel
60"
116
7.4.1. SURRAII OF ITER COSTS
,,",u(,K 3Q"'.
'.1.1.1. ~1.0TAflO'" (,. ..., & " 0 0 c:..-M. ) --l;UQ.... • .J..D..,.~__ • ~ -¥...!:..~,4 t..%J.DL ~._l:..9..:!.1..-1J"~. ~..~..!:!-
',1.1.1. CO"lcrHnA'1 '"ltt("'NI: ~1 • .L.CI,oX 1,'91 .-AL ---L.-h!1!..-____ ,,_-L _ _,_ I.g." _ __ I _ _4L ~
t.'.J.J. CONCINU,UI 'ILUA"ION --,AI-, ..1!.ol.0J'_.Ic.'!.'-.. __ U. ~.L" _'_.'11....-- . _"'_'U... ____, _ . ---l.:...<e;).!.2._ _ _ • ---1.. _t6.:1G-
I.I.J._. UACtolMS ("'1 He". -JtJ.L-. -Lll.11'I..l!...l.o.\.'-'_ • -AI,\:!. ~'--!:.M4 _ _ _ _ ........7_ --.J.U-. ---'.:..CI~ ~ --.a4.!... -=r9_~!:""
t.I.'.J. W"fU .u........ TI')N - L - • ...lt...O,Q)!I ••2J,40._.-L!_ _t2-.--!..:..!.!~_'!...!:...U--._%L _ _ "_Il I.O~" .~_ _ _ _"'_~
,..... .'10 WA"I ""0 '.Ii.INIl.' o",.CU .... ":.,,~1":t'" , ._f.£1. , ·..6a
".1110'1'1"" Cou"O,.. r. • T_O (0'1)
117
__ , S.l. ~.FICIATlOil .m1~IST!lATiVE COSTli
~iIt'MY ~ ITEI! com
nT ....n ..... -.!!I53-03
- , TOIlS 'lfI.£ ~P£. ~y,_·",-,g""9......~
.....,,,-_ _ _ _ __ .......... _!..I.:-;...?'___________
"'~"'IO ."-",OM DAT~:.JJJM/::I:!
OCCOCO "'-A~.~ DATI:~J:!...1
ttI'UENCI
Hse_. ~"OII LA" J ""IIIAL'. IW~IIS I L\Mf' s,," blrallS '-- IOUIPIC'" o-Elt.,..
ITIM ...
f.----
PM. NO. QUAN"" I, E!!.T!~~!._!'2~Toi!.~_~~~ lCOl!!~OOUCfo';Ac";is-;-'oT~-· J-cos-iiiA;-;-'-iiDuCT Oi"ACto.i-;r~ IPE" roT""
'.1 ••• 1.
,.2. '.:r.
..t,,·
.J",
r. .'... TO"" •• >ALAI'U -
..... '""n..,"'(
_....
1~500
10
J~'\:L. • .J.:..~ r ,.on
-'~I _31'-.
....!!!.L. -':9.U .~~I ~IJ~~
~ __»1-
~(MAUS
~J~O I
......
CD
7.4.2. CALCULA!IOI SHEIfS
PIiCUICT NO I~'!t-oS
,,"
SUBJ£CT......:;P.>::;.:e:..;.
. SHIIT I
.....;.::e:.;,T.:.;1C::.;I:,.=A:.;:t:.;,I,:::OI):I--_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ •• fiO"')IAAIII'\'
cw --=::5_ _- 1
om I"t.t/n
_o~f~e.:..I"'....
::.I..h.!.ti"'I.:::l,r-c~o,.~\:us~-------- _.. £1 IT'" ___-I
5.1. I. C\"iJ~\..:Y'\~
, E ~C:D-\ o.~~ 0" 1=().c:..~o"'l5 ~
\..,.-:. \.oC!)O
S s'2.~-t/.o~c:.
• 0 = \.I'C.
E· 1.0 'T-t
k~ or l.oc:o.-\-"~" Fo.c:.\·or =- e. eo/ 7.c:.'t = I. \1.1
CO\,~ F'_c.~~'" ~
, ~8a ,
F~,.o'«:?IO) (I.Z,) (IS) = o.~e~.
5. \. ~ Grl'rld Iy\O
E1tCAl o.J·, 0" ':'FAc:.~Dr.. ~
L:q.Oo,O
~ ~ .O'2.~"'/.C>Z5 = l.ne.
I: .,;O'Ttt
L. ...\~yo, \...Oc:.4~' OWOl F().c.~ p\"":r 8.&0/7.58 :r 1.ICo'
S \)1: F~c:.,,"or-s:
G r'W'\c\,,,,~ !
~.,:'t'
f:.oo3.a~ lCIS)(\.'Z. ,)''TO?(~OO) ,"'~(I·Z.'I ' ::. .t.O&'
'~e\r'''''e\i,,~
, )-."!I
"Goq~(I"Z.' ,
I.
,... =,-S ~~I = 't&. ~9~
b" (2.00)"q, ~1.Z11
".1'" :I &~. ~3.
118
""OJ~CT NO • ~ s '3- 0-:' "-
_HUT ~ S_--I
or _ o X -
5, I. ~. 8. 'D,-,\~",,\ Co . . c:.et\~\"'Q-\-e
~"e I 0.1 . Fa.c:..to"," ':. 1,18
E f.'co.! 0..+' 0(\ Fo.c.. +0 t-~ (Aclj"!.\ ecD:
J:.;::. 1.00.>0
'S.:. .SZ-(1.0h'O)(I,le') t.\e(,02.~'t/.OZ.5'):: 1.1.,+5
I . E= .~S(IIO'Lt")1'. os(t.o~e)= l.o1~
/"'",,'oot" koc~4,o" ):t:tC.\.OI- ':. 8.8°/7. sG:.:. 1.1<.*
120,
PIIOJEC,. NO , 4S!- n:t.
.HIE" " OF _....il;oL.-_-...I
121
"!IOIlet HO J I) S ~ • 0 ~
_Milt II or-,·S~_ _I
SUBJECT P.>Q""~~\c;At.i4n ! .yllQ~/M'" DAT' J¥zc:{n
-OO..ji!p~eJ:.rL,~:b~\nnllc""....C!llL.!::O,J!:1o.;J;t..E"....._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .IIOU" 5. , '!!." 6M1q,
122·
HCUIC' NO t , ~'3 - 0 ~
_ ..IEIE' 5 cw_~~_-I
SUBJECT _P.>=e~V'I:.:::e"..:t~o':.; :c. : . :'~Q:.: .:t.:. ;~D~rl:..-_ _ _........_.--_ _ _ • ., fjO"'/"" '" DAn \\ I Z~/'1
-o~p..
e..:...r..::;;().,-,t",,'n~'lr-'"'C.....Q~-:'::...\='--_o _ _ _ _ _ _ _ oaou. 5. \ ·""----1
S"UT 1 0,,_-,'_ _ _1
123'
7.5. BEIEFICIAtION PLAIT - CAPItAL COST - BASIC DATI
For data not shown, see Section 7.4., -Beneficiation Plant -
Operatinv Cost - Basic Data-. All work 1s subcontracted wbere
applieable on a 5 day, 1 shift sehedule.
Dike E.bank.entl
18.700 eubic .eters
Site .aterials u.ed for fill
ClearinV:
11 ha. light. < 201 side .lope
Townsite,
16 raally Units
a Type A Bachelor Units
1a TIPe B Bachelor Units
Re.torationa
10 ha at $5,OOO/ba
EnGin.erinv and Constraction Ranave•• nt Fee.
cos!S
_ . 1.1. IlJIEFICIATlGI CM'ITM. CIIST$
-, 1W OlE PIIIClSSO lin DA'I. 1SI 'I9Q
_AIf IfF IIt.'I
::~~::·i . ;~'kQ''::'''L- _____
"0"'" .,,:~...., ___ N'I:.lU!~l!7
CMrcue .,,: ~1'.1"1 DATI: _"/~l""f
."" ...
_
........
1f1'f."C1
"IU'P"OII .
.,.,.
1.I.t.
..s......""'.
'.'tOl .... lOT.... CO'"
"0"" CC1o:'
.. ..
l.l.I.'.
,.~
'.1.1 ....
-'".
.",.
....". UAOtI. (f... ..: -I:tlle"'
_____ )
~~8
..
<&000
L..!/I'1IN
l.t.I.'.
-'"-
1.1 ••• 1. ,ofU·
-----,------- ------,--~~----
----,
1.1.'.'. -.11· ----, -.-==---- --=--,~--
'.1.,.'.
.:»._.,_-_~_t2.:.._'_:_~_._.~_!l~_-_-_-_-___ " ,.,1110" _'_~_-: ' : ==~.'~o:.~======_:_-.Il_-~_.='=o'l =~='=.'=o='=
..nl- ,0
-rIO
I.a.,.,., -.n·
•••• 1. : • "c.'LI: .~'5~:!.L4
CAlli'.... COtf "I!. '". I: • ,,. tMl)
~~
124
_ . '.1. WICIA". WIT!. cam '_., - I f ITtlICllSTS
.n'''''1 _.
_. TaIS . . _SSP Pl. !lAY. .... .....
_IT... 1I§3.0:>
I - lOt
.,,"MII ",,: 'to"",,
""X ~/6i7'f
... rr:~l
........
CO" I
•.....,. -,,..
IM"I ••
.........
...,. ...." ..,....,....
«",C"Ic. n"IM
.•,
~.
~ • • aft,
.314,. ..Il!!!S I~'
• .~ ~
M, .•••• l.S.I!!!.d ~I..J.:J!.!..&!!"'!":'!!!-.~ "leal' If
i~~::'~~DL-:;~'':~ t~~I!, ~~ __ :~~::: ;~~~I~Q'
'IU&OU OU""
-'1,- '-AIOI"'''.I.
".lCn ....
~.I.'.,. -1,.- ,\1'
\1 ... -1!U-~. I,Q.! .~ ~
•• 1••••• -.t.- .',UL\AIII..,. '........., ". ~ 2":".'0'. '.0.5 • 2":.~ ~
...... "'. "'tL"'I, .... ''''ltUIU, "'No. 'ft, :.4j?2.:rt\' .~
""If.... eCK' ... 1'". I • , ... (~n
c::!!!:J 13Z3.2Zg 1500.1'51
...... -It'· l1li • • ceees' .......... ,,' ,nt. "'. en' ¥'I•• ---' .~. ~t.~
(M'lfa., U " . . . . . . . I • , ... ( ••• , Q!!:J 1t.IO.1eo/ ~ 1,,10.11101
•••• u. -H'- ....a •• CUI'At.. ,.,~ ; .., -_._' .Aa!!.rl ' ~~~
cun~ en' ... 'N. I • '" 'M" Q!!:J I, • .,.•,~i ~ Ile.,.•,'Ia!
125
7.5.2. CALCULATION SHEETS
I'IIOJICT NO 1~5~-o~
_HUT 1 or _ . ..:;S_--t
SUBJEcT·-!:B!..Se~....~t!.L.f!!iiic:.!!ij),,:::.!t:.!.!::C7::.!.!')~_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .... flO."/,,"'' ' DATI. 1\1t.~h 1
--=C~D-~~'!..Jt~~:.!..\..JC-.l.O,"~ut..?.'!I_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ GltOu .. 4» .1 ,TI .. _ _- !
_. ~.081
128
".CUICT NO i ~ iii 0- 03
.HUT Z OI'_,,:::S'--_I
SUBJECT 512""c:tic ;o.tior\ G" P,QWAAM OATt \1.12.~1'T
,...::c.::.:Q.:::.l'fF-,:....:\-~p..;::,.\.:....;:C::.::O::;.:~~-\-....~'-________ ••OU.. Ce. \ In... ----I
127
P.O•• C~ NO \ ~ '!> "3- o~
.Hltn !. 0 ' _.... 5~_-I
f2. p."
SUBJECT Re"" e .,.., C Ie.. t '0 n 8Y PJOV./A"v.. OATIl: -.1\f-"IZ;"';;'~1-/7':-'_1
~C=.i().c.?pl+~o.:-..l\L-...loC"""D~""u.t__________ 080UP fe· , I.IM _ _ _-I
128
~"o.aCT NO, 190 0'" 0 '>
.HUT 4 OI'---'~'--_ _ I
SUBJEc:T_.... 8.uel:J.n..IJeo:...fJ.Ji'-!oc~iII:.plJ..!'~'D:..!..OL.-_ _ _ _ _ _ _ Dy~QMIAAMDATlII/2 '/71
_ .....C..AOA!.fI':..J..:ilO.lg=..iI~C""'ou:isu..L.o:LS_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ G"OU~ (,.1 !!o:% a/21h4
".1.~.2. E.lec.tricClI Sy.st.em
E8C6ttli.i Dn ~~c..tOf"'.s ~
So: .eo('.oG.8)·"O~('''II\ Ir 0.314-
~c ~, I (l.o14) :: 0.1G:.a
42.,0l>o
To'lD.1 635)0 0 0
E~ca.\D..i:;o{\ tC)..Gt~'" ::. "o~':>
129
,._-----------------------------,
_,~~~~ P"OJECT NO
SHUT 5 OF _-"",5_--1
SUBJECT P.>eY"o e-tie i a. tio", DY WIII/A.t.tII om ~m_
....:c~=:.JfF-=-'rw{l,.Q...!...\_."""c.~O->!'!:I..I.t~S:._..._________
.... GROUP ~,J R::., e1S. tb.8. '
5·t.\. 0.115
5. \ 2. ';ft/t.
(3.\t5~.j-t)(ZOJ500t.)(~Oc:\~~~) :
130
TABlUTlOII OF ITEII COSTS
SURFACE "IIIE A,1D Bt'IEFICIATlOII P!A'IT .......'r 1IO.~~oS
.-,
2Q:igg -:arPAlrD • .,: ... n::~7
n .... MO.
$MIlT NO. ",C."'IOIII
I
-
....
1
T
.-n.'ALI. SU,."""ES
L'" 1\,111 tNTa'f'
& I
CH<C ••• 'T:--A.A-~
'",I"'IN1' OI"rIAl'ION/PUACttASI
DA'r:..!UsoLrr
caOW' TOTAL
......
I. "'A £;1V1RD:I£JITAl ""ACT STATOCIT I ~
•UI
I
TOTAL COST •
i •\.II
SURFACE ftl;U:tG
I •
1.1. I • II .UATINI COlT IJII tON
r. I . t-i
=-
1.1.
,. .,.
I . I """''''IT''T," COlT ....
foTAL SUI'ACt ...... OPII. MIO ADM'". COl' I r. "I!! 'It! r· " ! 'II!! I r· . .... 'o! Ir • ~! II!I
II'
C
t'4
=-t-i
..!
t
•• 1. I • I IIPLOI""'. AND ACCiSS IOAOI COST ~. ,".
i II i M
o
...w... ..
'.1.
.
I ' ..
.,
CU.TA&. COSf ~. THI
I r
o
___
._~!ro ~! Ult .
•
o
,
I
gFICIAT/OII
i
! g.4!~
I
I I. lUll
I
I S,lIIfI
I
I
I
&1:10
M
t-i
l"J
tIC
1.1.
I
1·11 Cf"UArtNG con ~. rOM
0.15e 0016
I~ q,oo-a i n
1.1. I •• I ADMINUTa"" VI COST I'll T.
I
0'1"'5
o
I. ..,. i
i rOl.L leNf"CIA'ION a-tl. AND ....... COS"
;
r.~' .,. '!"9" f r • 1.097 pc, rON
r ° 9·5"7' .,. "9'
1
J r ° ~IZlS pC'T" rn
t-i
! t i i rn
I. I - Ite
i
I
II
TOTAL IINfPICIA?lOfiI:C.-UAl. COt' (i.I.)
i
r ° g.1t<? -,I TO!
;
! I
I
I
I
! I
I
I
I
.
;
I. I
7.6. URDERGROUHD RINE - OPERATING COST - BASIC DITA
!ine i. located in the Denver cost area. Use labor location
factor. 1.0. A ca.p 1s not required.
Horizontal Cut and Fill ftinino ftethod
AbrasiTe, touoh rock
Production I
600 tId ore, 145 tId waste
IUnino of Ore:
Cut and Fill Stopes:
12 t/manshift, 24 tId
3 • averaoe width
Slusher method
132
7.6.1. SURRAH! OF ITER COSTS
J.S.'.t. ·St· COl' NIU.'''' ~. __'_S_c-L.2.l9.JU1s...- • ..JW2 ~.~::~I.I~ • .DH.. -..£!1__ .~52...-."""~ ~_
',J .•• rt,. ,,-.vcTICNf DtYl ..OfI.... ' . COU'HII, . . . ,,~ t ._,.'11' "IL~ ,J.]J.~ll!
."U. CO,,"ON. I • fOIlS 01""'11'.- 14~OOO I .._e,,~ I
'.'.1.',
J.J.I.I.
.. n·
-Il-
~INC"I u.pu
CVT . . . I'ILL ,'CHI"
-----,-------=~--,~ -------,--=~------,~ -----,------------
'.'.'.1. .. II· 0\'111 ...... ,,~,
-------,-----=~---- -------,----~~----.---
___-___ , ____ ____
-----,------------
---==--c _____________
,.',1.'"
~=_ .~
J.J.I. ./A ..... ,'" Of' 0111. CO" 'I' ,a, r.~
_ OF 1.1tJI COSTS
_ . P, IlUI\GRD!J!I! ","I. ftMTlIIIi COSTS «00'.) 'S"'Mff 1IO.-Lt.~$.. :.SILL--._ __
.... : TOIlS !ME "IIIED PU DAY • • PQ TON$ pCB ~~ IMfrT MD. I ... Sa feev .0-2.1·1(>
_____________-"--'4"''!!''-'Tg!:!.~ PIIII p ....... -_STE _____
...c .......... !_e..~ .. Tt:l~
tTl"", I:=r:~
r-----~-~---------------+
M"al"'ION
J~""_ 1
I; P1lOOUC' 0" 'ACTOIS • T.,AI.
(",«ED • .,:~ DA'f:
fOW'''''''!''' ...lU,TlON
~~.!_~~O!~' _~. ~~.!~~. _,~~ '~_"~~::"
_*-caL --1lJt_. --1..11:1"1- • ~ ....J!.,2....._
-hl1L _______ •
1.lD.:9lt.T
-"
.
'.J.J.I. ... MOIIYI.
---..l"l..L-1It-...1.0.~____ ._letL ~Z.__ ._I.!...~._____ ·~ __•__ • ___,~o...:!" ____ *_.~_ _ ~!~
-
-_-
J.J,'.I. ~,,- IAIL ...wl.M1
J.J.J."
'.J.'."'.
-,,~
-I"
<0IrIt"" ....""Mr --~.-.--.-
_ _ _ _ _ 1 1 _ ._ _ =-_..__
---.---=--
•__ --=-=.._._. __ .:=-:-_--"-- - .. ------_.- , - -
- - - , ---- ..- --- ' - .. -
J.'.'.'. ~ .. ~
faun
.... ".0.
"A""Mf
,.AtA ...,
_-----I __ . __ . ____
I.~~ '~L
'.J.J.
L~~~_.,J
___
I.J .......
J., ....... ..,.
-IS- HNI!.AL. ITt""
'It",. .. A' • .,. ,un:..
.,4'S
A'~
'IS
----2..'7.L._J.:.~~_____ ._~J,.. _~.---L...o"'''
, • ....1-0..2.. •..JJ.'1L.
'.J.'.
600 [i.'60 I
133
~Ull'lARY ryF 1m: CIl!'T~
••ov.: 3.4. U~;)(P.G~u;m ~I:IWG Ail"I~'STRATlvr CO~T~ fS.' ....'E ..... ~5;o,o;:>t.:-"'O:<.3OL _ _ _ _ _ __
wo .. : TO~IS CPE ~I':ED FER DAY· .:IoQ PorI'! p~~O~'TO"''' ..... ' .... ...1....:....!
_ _--'-_ _ _ _ _ _14:1:1_ "T'Q!:'.1LP_~R.j) ... y- WASTe ".r."....!D .":-.e0M OAT£:.J.J.iJI51J:!7
c..rc ..... :~~~ ____ D"TE: Il/IO/TT
ITt" ~.
1tr;I'!U'MCf
~AG! NO.
DI!:SUt,TI0N
~UA."TIT" ~ _ _ _ ~1J.0tI_ _ _ _ _ _
~~~~.t' !~~~~~'.~T~_!.~_
• _ __
uc
COST IDA" X
._-------------
=,
~n.lA1.s. '~1.II!S , 1.UMII' """ (NnltS fOU,"""NT OPf .... "OIljl
".ooCc "'O::''::.::A-:C:::TO::'-:S-'~'O:::T:-:':::L-I--:<:-:O-:-5T:C':-:O-:"=-T-:'=---=.'::O=O':'UC=T"'O::':=-:-":-:<:-::'=-O':-:'=-'' ' T=O:::'-:''-.-I
------
IT!" TDTAL
,.ogo" '.'25 ~ ~
I--~'
'" '.1. I. - 100 IAoMINIS'IATh'! SA ... A'UES ANO w""t:'S 74!:S • ...m.,:L ~
'-/0
' .... 1.1. -1(11- l"'OMt~1 H.ArrV~ pa.C!1"~!S ~- ~-' ,.Q§5 • ...L6.L. ~ --16..3_
__,5_ _ 1' 12'~"
__2_3_
:s .... J.s. -HU- IAO"'I'tU'!'UT1V! !f).,I",,"!Nr OP!IIt"'"'ION ~ ~
1.40 .~
-
' .... 1. ""A 1!O.t:N!U,t. ~xpr. ... n. CO'ST "r. ~"Y
...8:1;'-1 tll..l.!LL •• .-ll- l~
,IOU. ~.".
tOS' .U
TOTAL AOIiIINz,nArrVI!
·~N. 1: • ,!,"D COlt!)
eoo ~~5..J i 0.'2.'72 I I.,.o~ I 1."165 J
...
~
7.6.2. CALCULATION SHEETS
PROJf(;T NO --:.....;1~~S:;..::!I~-...::.O"':::~_---I
I . .,.
SHUT_-,--_ or ---:;v=-_ _ ..1
SUBJECT L1 '" c\ce r ';t rQO .....C\ M\. . . \Y\ ~ DT eot'\/AAM om uL'?.!d:JJ_
-lO::Q~p:..s;eo..l.r...!<:g..lo-tL.)L!n.!...~=\-...,:,C.,..;O!:!";~~+L$O!...-_______ GIIOUP 3. 5 -1liz.IDA_
3. ~. \., .. ' s,...... ,•.\ \ t>rT~ +'5> +-oor Ro. \ \ Hec u.\ 0. ~ e.
Rode... rQ..c\.or) S,.Tee\..::' \.05
Roe.~ BO\+\I''.l F~ Co +ors
I... ":. ,.01
5ST&e\.-=- \,\0 .
E~c.C4. \~ ~\ 0""' F".c4-0~s, Ad j L-sted :
L::; l.o~o(l,o')"'.\.J(.. G..
'S::. • ~ 1 (',. O~'+)(I. 08)(\. 10J;- .'30(1.05"') + .03(1.I'~) :: "~~3
Ell .e~(I.Olq')+,,\(J.o"'e,).: \,01'3
136
~"OICCT NO I 0) 5 ~ - t> ~
OHUT it O~_·"="~_ _-I
SUBJECT U"'C\c.~, ''"OU\'\C\ MIII'\1'" '\ ,,~~ DATE I\!~O/"l
-"Q!!q:.r~e·..,...!.JLO.,l;l+\l.J:In~':s,---loC.-.lQIf.>"U+...Ji'L--________ OIOOUP 3. ~_ '''01 - - - - I
3, '3. ~. \. Ho,~~\f'I"::,.
E~c::-Q.\ 0...'1'\ Or'! Ft>..c:.to rs:
\..."; \.o~o
~: .~O("I'~) +.so(\.t>l..S") = I.Itol
E ..... !1\(I.O'~')'" .Oo;(\.o~8) ~ I.o1~.
To't'\- ""de\"~1 c:lo. J ~ ''\-~(\.'l.'l.O) = ~OSI ~OO
3.~. ~.2 .. R~\\ \-rClu\~~e
E~c:c::a..\o.ho ..... Fo.c.+or~:
l-:. \,0 C?JO
s=- .~O(I.D~S)t- .ot:.(I.Ol:.S')t,O't('d1t.:.) = ',Ot.:.'
f,:. .~\ (\,O,'t)~ ,Oo.>(\.O~e) ~ I,o"'~
Ton,- \c.-/o~,:\ .. 7*5 (150/iooo) 111.75 =
136
~c.... 1.. tJl.~.D3
....., , ... -~
"---I
. ~~A'1.. ean t\Jaol',.,
: _._~ 'I' lit A/!J,.'/'1'A
~":. .8~<"I.01'i)1.1S{I.O(,e)O::'/.D'l~
-·Y\eh..... - """'\/c\Q.~ -:: . \'t.20(IZ;O) -.:: .tJS'\O)~~OO
131
""Ie" _ I ' S~ - 0'
....n , 01' --L'--_-I
• ., BO\II/""VI ClAn 1\15"171
.,,'-----1
S1l"'P""'c",+ U·ftt:>-~C:
s
+,%1
F ..cJ-01'"
C" o~)' ~
S • "TO;' So
'.0,5
','to'
":&.
138
7.7. UNDERGROUND KINE - CAPITAL COS! - BASIC DA!A
For data not shown, see Section 7.6., ·Underground Kine-
Operatin9 Cost - Basic Data-. Construction and installation i.
to be performed br Ovner's personnel on a 5 dar, 1 shift
schedule. Construction equipment is to be purchased.
Exploration:
Core Drilling, 14,000 • at $401.
Access Roads:
9 a vide, 7.5 k. long
Heavy clearing, 35% side slope
95" hard rock
Gravel surfaced
Sinkin9 Shaft:
1,220 m
Stope Preparation:
12,000 t
20 days production
Drifts:
1,300 1\
Rises:
5 at 60 II
Core Drilling:
650 a, AX size
Clearino:
25 ha, lIedium, 20-50" side slope
Compressed Air Facilities.
200 cu a/min installed
No Townsite
Restoration During Construction:
23 ha at S5,000/ha
Engineering Fee:
10" using Owner's staff
139
7.7.1. SU!!ARI OF ITE! COSTS
I Sg4.COCI
'.1.2.1. ·:n· CI,U.II~G ~ , .. ~'.!f~~j(L8e 'U4~ • .69...~S.~ _,_,,_ .J.Q.i..L. ~JI_I,,':fl{b§~ •...tUI"UL J..!..!.2f!L
".1.2,2. -tl1- I!JIICAVAflOIOt -.!:....!{ , .. _4~7_ J .lO~C)JI(_~ :~7(.'!.~ • ...!..!.l-J~ .. ,,, J~~_. ~0.J-!-'.~3~~.1 .•~~ .J...~O~.k Jlt-,I~_
".1.t.,. -II' 01l1\.1. 'I.NO _I.AST -Z..€.. , .. ~I~ • ....L..O..s_9_}t'~I~"1.5 • .1Jt9..tQ.o... ~Z"L. J.,51!-.' ......1"!>II'.2"'T.~, ~03"1 __
~,,:3"' ~~~::k~';t,'Z._ . .-Jl,... z ...~ .!l~_2.~1~
•. I.l .... -IU' ' ....... [l 'SU.'&Ct~ ...:!:~ .... J2L·..l.9~.E_..,..:.~_ _ ._~~.L ~~"t~ • ...!.:JJ..I_~~._~___ ._!.IJ..'!t'~ _2~~_'-1:P..6Z"'-:2:95.~....f!.._4:.l~J ...!.!J . . I~L
•. '-1.1. OUtLOf''''''''' Dltl"\ JS....9.Q.. ~e_.-L.l""}t_1300__ • 22'4,~ ~I J..J'~_'w~_,~ ---1.I..-.-l:.!!I.!'...!:~~~CL. a"t~5 B.J..V1.
". S. I .:- _ --I" .. ' .... I..c. ," ... ,t\ il~~. ~!!L. _Wee_JlC_12~Q _ • ~..At.!3 _:Jes_ I -1--'._' _It_I ~~O_ _ _ • .1U!:IU ~Te_ a ...J ....,~V. I~_I!. ,~&..~ • ~1.'4J U~!u.
".).t.S. -1\',. 011111 .., UIU' Il'~· _.Bl_.~~~~iC~~• .:r-_.-Z~~O,.,- ..eL,.+.~:~~~~cr--. "l.I _~.-1:9"".Z_·~~3o.!L.~ ~~ __
... J.I.... -.u- ... [ ...... I~ ,rOf'n -!-..tooo ~'_al.I.J.U(.}_... OCN2..-.Ja:~~ -~.Zs....C.~..:I~~~i.lP)·~ .i.1:L. :l....J.~-I\gO:l.~ .-4fU ~tft
:".'.l.'. ·1"· CO.f OIIUI~ -..6,Q... .. --lL.-1'090..JC_6IJ'O. ___ ·_~Z)Q _eP-"-.J:.ij~JC_ .. ~O' ___ ._46g JtJ.L.~(:T.!...~1;!9. ___~.___'1.!. ~A.l.L
".1.1.'. CLt .... , .. G ~"'" ~Q!!iL.~».___ .-2.!. ---RSL.~..!j~S _ _ _ .~"tl --I74- • ....!.:9"1U!:2S~...J.L.-.,l;\Q~ J2tu.
".'.1.
, ..... , ''''L tOn "u ""D. t: • '''0 (Ol[ J 600
'.-.aU!.'
(OS·
1,.~'.,n,1
l.~
I i .......t!
l~~
W5"M
".J.1. 1.~1
140
'1"-41
..
......
".J.i. I -It,- Ir.. ,
I
,
,,
t ..ltUAL COST ".1
CO'd'. ~ell( .. f
r~. C • 'PO
ftili.
(oeli
ro •. ,osr i
~
;
:CJ!'lI:I1. -----.!O
C~
• JID2AL ,
!
I
i
j..,.a:su I II ""un I
~a..
I
I
•. '.J.
II -It.- !_&... C»"...... TO'''' CAIIT .a~L ~_I(.~
I __ • .IIZI.U! .........
i
I
• CAP, 'A", cos,"~•• Tor-. • r-. fOllI) ~-;:J r.:::::::
~~ I
I
C..n:J 11,--
I
I -.J. (MI'! ~~ ~~~i!!
I
III!....~,.:
I
!
UOUIt
U 0.1.1. _
'.TAL C»I""" COSTlfPO
•• '.'.1 i
:!
[,.5:!M
I I
I
I I
:
I
7.7.2. CALCULArION SHEErs
.HUT_'=--_ O~ _-'-2.-=--_._
SUBJECT ~e"'s"ouY\d Mining
-",E..c~'-¥r:.s.\Q~rw(),.o..tl..lIL.lo/Q~nl--'i8:""""~<:.io.C..!Le-....l:(;:.&5-.!::~o.!::~~o..~dW!'3!....-___ GROU~ 4-. I ITEM _ _ _-l
l-::I.D~O
c:: • '~[.I; Ci.oee)+ . 57(1:011j-);- ,~O('.Ob8)1
t. ~, [.o'i (1.088)-+ ,3'.>(\,01't)"': .t..'3( \'Ob8)1 = l.o"T~
Sid e. S \ o~ e. FAc.+OI'"
G.:'\ + ~5;100 ~ 1.35
"o.DS7
F.. o. Z S '2( ~J....o.s'"'(.C ,.~c:,J,3.~'5S. o,)
( _
'-I - S,~3 T
E,v'r\'\'\e.",~ pvrc,..~A Ie. FAdot" :. I,~'+
Esc:o.\ ~+'QI\ F,.c.+or;
l-: I, o~ 0
f':: .1o( .1\ (1.01'1") +. %.~(I.Dbe)1
-to ~O[ .'to("o,~) T. a L.(I.o ~8)'" .2Lf(I,oae)1:: ,.o1~
*. \. 2. ~. t)r-d\. ¢ lMo.s+
Rode. !=,.c -h r-:: \. 'i 0
s,c\, ~\ 0'f e. F,.e.-+or ,.2.0
t:\"''' ....·e ...'''' Pll"'c.h.... ~e f:'c:od·or.= 2.\ ~
e.c",I,,~,o~ FIAc."\'or.~
~:.\.o~o
s •. f.,
CI.O~Go) + •~~(l.o~~) :: I.Dto'}
E: ( .. s5 .... ;!~)(.50(/.D'7't) .... SO(J.D6e)] .
-t .Z.~(.~<I.O.,'t)t.,"2.(I.oae.)1-.D"(I.O,"8)]:: ':01'+
142
~"OJECT NO I·~ IS ~ -O~
.HUT_..!:.%.:....-_ O~ ~ _ _
SUBJECT UI"Ic\eK3cQut\('1 ""1\0\\'" ~ OAn 1\f3~/"1
...:::r=..J:.)C,*p!.1'-"Q~r..f.a~JL..U'P~h2.·-!l:f'--.l.Al.!c::..!c...!~~"'=."25--IR~O~o.~("~SL-_ _":" GIIOU" It, \ ITIM _ _ _- I
143
rllOJECT NO I~S'3-0:,
SHUT , OF _.'t!-_--I
SUBJECT U",c'el"~t"'::hJ",(1 M, .... , 1"1, DY &O"'/A~W\ OATE '1/30/'17
-..I.c.-'i/),4'~u.'.J:.~~"":.J.\----!C~"~~a..!+....!f>~_________ GROUl' 't.; ~ a/z '/7"
144
.. IIOJECT "0 1953 - 03
SHUT--,2=--_ 0" _-l'1:.-.-_-,
SUBJECT U..,de""1 r4)tJYld /1021 "fJ DV 80MjlAII/ om l'Po/ 77
.....c,oJOQL1pr.u.J1f::....!p~J'---'C_o,,""'-t'-':;!!.--· _ _ _ _ _----.; _ _..:.. 1.3
GIIOU..
'TE"-_---I
145
PROJECT NO IOJ "':. -0 ~
SHEET 3 OF _-,-'t__~
SUBJECT U. . . r\ eY" ~\'" 0"' . . . A VI ,... , . . . 1 DY eo'I'\/AM~
~
DATE
.
\'/30/n
Co. f .1:ot C05+~ GROUP It.~ IUOl _ _ _-I
146
''''If
1.,._
.
:.-
c:s
I .... I - 0 ...., .. " '••Tt'll COlT H. fOIl
. 1.45'5 o.t"7& o.oStS tot
......
:.-
... I. ttlA fOrM. """lei"'" OPI.. ... ........ cos,. t • I' es): !II "" t • -=us» !II TO! E •. I, • • ' ~ I • ..2,lJ. I • 7
PCI " "
O.J. I - ,. CAPt TAL COlT PIa ,.,.. , J!I,6n t I S60.r>'Z J.US~l -----LlL4s!!t ,., I
....o
O. .'A TOTAL WlHauOUND II.Nt CAflITAL COST I. 4U!!.6\t 'I' m E • '.,.8"".u2 H! !PI t • .J,Il.I.s...• . , ... '..
I • ' .. .,z..anrC' T!IP
......
II
1.1. I •••
8ElI£FICIATlO!f
..... .,,'" COIf Na 1'011 I . =
n
o
1.1.
.,.
I - t ADMUUSTU.fl'WI. COlT 11'1' 'NIl
I I
I
I
I • !'Sa " " UI
I I I
I
I
I
I
I I I
-~-~
7.8. CRUSHING MuLTIPLE FEED QUANTITIES AND PRODUCT SIZES
Section 5,1.1. "Crushing" used for example.
Basic Data:
Crushing 10,000 tId to 2.540 cm
Crushing 2,000 tId from 2.540 cm to 0.635 cm
Work Index 12 =
Determine cost/d from curves for 10,000 tId:
Il - $895/d
Is = $550/d
Ie = $7971d
Determine cos tId from curves for 2,000 tId:
Il = $372/d
Is = "S1121d
Ie = $174/d
Determine size factor for 2.54 em:
F = 0.0799(2.54)-o.830(1a) = 0.442
Determine size factor for 0.635 cm:
F = 0.0799(0.635)-0.830(12) = 1.398
Therefore the total costs are:
Il = 895{.442) + 372(1.398-.442} = $751/d
Is = 550(.442) + 112(1.398-.442) = S350/d
Ie = 797(.442) + 174(1.398-.442) = S519/d
149