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Dr. Prabal Talukdar Associate Professor p g g Department of Mechanical Engineering IIT Delhi
View/Configuration Factor g
Also called shape factors factors. Radiation exchange between two or more surfaces depends strongly on the surface geometries and orientations, as well as on their radiative properties and temperature temperature. To compute radiation exchange between any t two surfaces, we must first introduce f t fi t i t d the concept of a view factor.
Definition
The view factor Fij is defined as the fraction of the radiation leaving a surface i that is intercepted by j.
dAjcosj
Derivation
Rate at which radiation leaves dAi and is intercepted by dAj may be expressed as dqiJ=Ii cosi dAi dJ-i
Ii = intensity of radiation leaving surface i dJ-i = soild angle subtended by dAJ when viewed from dAi = cosJ dAJ/R2
dqiJ= Ii(cosi cosj/R2 )dAidAJ Assuming surface i emits and reflects diffusely q ( ) dqij=Ji(cosi cosJ/R2 )dAidAJ
Derivation (contd) ( )
The total rate at which radiation leaves surface i and is intercepted by j may then be obtained by integrating over the two surfaces. That is
q i j = J i cos i cos j R
2
dA i dA j
Ai A j
where it is assumed that the radiosity Ji is uniform over the surface Ai.
Fij = radiation that leaves Ai and is intercepted by Aj/total radiation leaving Ai
= qij /
AiJi
Final Expression p
1 Fij = Ai
Ai A j
cos i cos j R
2
dA i dA j
Similarly, the view factor Fji defined as the fraction of the radiation that leaves Aj and intercepted by Ai can be expressed as p y p
1 Fji = Aj
Ai A j
cos i cos j R
2
dA i dA j
F
j=1
ij
=1
Example p
For a 3 surface enclosure we need enclosure, 32-3-3(3-1)/2=3
F12 = F11= F11 F21= F22= 1 0 A1/A2 1-A 1 A1/A2
1 2
Fj(i ) =
A F
k =1 n
k ki
A
k =1
Problem