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The main reason of Air Pollution is burning of fossils fuels in large quantities accent decades has resulted in gradual increase in carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere. It is estimated that content of carbon dioxide has increased by 25% during the last 100 years. Carbon dioxide allows in solution to pass through but absorbs out going terrestrial radiation increase of Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has the effect of increasing the temp of atmosphere. It is estimated that global main temp has increased bet 0.3 degree - 0.7 degree celsius in the last 100 years. Trees carbon dioxide content in also attributed to large-scale deforestation. Trees absorb carbon dioxide accumulated in the atmosphere. Burning of coal & oil also add sulphur to the atmosphere. Lead, Co & nitrogen oxide on adding to the atmosphere from automobile exhaust. Inhalation of automobile exhaust causes nasal irritation & respiratory diseases. These gases are also responsible for causing acid rain in industrial region of Europe & North America. Acid rain affect aquatic ecosystem as water. So polluted cannot support fish other life forms. Lakes in Sweden, orway, Canada & U.S are effected by acidification. Acid rain also damages forests to great extent. Growth of trees is affected. About ten million he heacters of forests are damaged in Europe. The ozone layer is affected by exhausts from jet aircraft. CFC (cloro fluro carbon) is a stable compounds used in aerosol propellants in sprayers refrigeration's & for depletion of ozone layer to the extent of 3%-4%. In the last 100 years the ozone in the higher atmosphere serves as shield protecting the earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation enters the earth surface & may cause skin cancer.
Gaseous effluents from factories pollute the atmosphere. Smoke, dust & particles of carbon, lead etc enter the atmosphere on coal night when bag occurs these particles remain suspended in the air. This condition is called smog. The smog over London in 1952 resulted in the death of about 4000 persons by suffocation. Accident moving escape of poisonous gases from industries cause illness & death. The escape of poisonous gas from pesticides plant in Bhopal in 1984 resulted in the death of 1000 person. The accident at ehernoply atomic power plant in the former soviet union in 1986 caused intensive damage owing to leakage of radioactive material to the atmosphere.
Air pollution is global significance unlike water or land pollution. Which are of local or regional effects air pollution transfers the pollutants to water & land or oceans as pollution result of rainfall Air pollution affects plants & animals as well as human being. In urban environment, pollution of air from automobiles exhausts is so high that people wear facemask to protect themselves. The major component of the piosphere is air without which no life can live, without air pure quality;here can be no healthy life. Clean air is pollution rare thing now a day espeially in metropolitan cities. Air pollution differs from industrid less perennial during working hours and they can drift high or low & in any direction depending on the wind & weather. Air pollution spreads & has wide impact than other form of pollution. If water is polluted, one can avoid drinking or may drink it purification. But cannot avoid breathing polluted air. This kind of air contain solid & liquid particles such as dust, carbon, hydro-carbon etc which are elecrically charged & thus kept in suspension by electrostatic forces. It may also contain gases, which are poisonous in nature Sulphur dioxide, Co, nitrogen, hydrogen vaporous & other substances this must harmful element in benzopyrene. Air pollution may rise due to domestic fire, which is needed for cooking & heating it is a weak & inevitable source of air pollution. Air pollution is caused by vehicles & other combustion engine with constant increase in transportation, the problem of air pollution have become very acute course we have less vehicle then the west yet pollution level is almost the same. This is mainly because of the poor maintenance of vehicles emmi9ting out poisnous smoke & the absence of any effecting deterrent to play such vehicles on the roads. Industry is also the main source & it covers all type of unit,which consume energy in any form. It includes coal, oil, natural gas, electricity or nuclear fission. Dark smoke of industries pollutes the air very much. Thermal power plant also pollutes the air very much. This cause respiratory disease like tubrculosis.
It is to be noted that air pollution adversely affects our health as well as ecology. It is a reality that people living in polluted areas are suffering from certain diseases i.e. lung cancer etc. than the people living in fresh air.
possibility that the polar ice caps may melt. (One of the consequences of polar ice cap melting would be a rise in global sea level, resulting in widespread coastal flooding.) Additional resources and information about the Greenhouse Effect and global warming are available from the Environmental Defense Fund (EDF), the Science Education Academy of the Bay Area (SEABA) and the Society of Environmental Journalists (SEJ). Ozone depletion is another result of pollution. Chemicals released by our activities affect the stratosphere , one of the atmospheric layers surrounding earth. The ozone layer in the stratosphere protects the earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun. Release of chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's) from aerosol cans, cooling systems and refrigerator equipment removes some of the ozone, causing "holes"; to open up in this layer and allowing the radiation to reach the earth. Ultraviolet radiation is known to cause skin cancer and has damaging effects on plants and wildlife. Additional resources and information about the ozone depletion problem are available from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and Ozone ACTION.
Additional information about product chemical safety are available in an article and a fact sheet from Enviro$en$e, and in Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS). Building materials should be reviewed for potential harmful effects. Information on building materials can be found in LBNL's Center for Building Science newsletter. Additional information is available from EcoTech. Adequate ventilation is also a key to controlling exposure to indoor air pollution. Home and work environments should be monitored for adequate air flow and proper exhaust systems installed. Additional information is available in a book titled Understanding Ventilation . One of the most dangerous air pollutants is cigarette smoke. Restricting smoking is an important key to a healthier environment. Legislation to control smoking is in effect in some locations, but personal exposure should be monitored and limited wherever possible. Additional information about the effects of "secondhand" cigarette smoke is available from the American Association for Respiratory Care (AARC) and Medicine On-line. Only through the efforts of scientists, business leaders, legislators, and individuals can we reduce the amount of air pollution on the planet. This challenge must be met by all of us in order to assure that a healthy environment will exist for ourselves and our children. Find out "What you can do to reduce air pollution".
In 1989, a high school biology teacher named Dean Rockwell came from Macomb, Illinois to spend a summer in the DOE Teacher Research Associate Program (TRAC) at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. He was assigned to work with a research group studying the earth's atmosphere. One of the scientists, a physicist named Tony Hansen, was part of this group. Tony is the inventor of an instrument capable of measuring graphitic carbon aerosol (a suspension of airborn carbon particles better known as soot). Soot is a major atmospheric pollutant. Tony developed a device to measure this pollutant, and he introduced Dean to its use. After learning more about the instrument, Dean and Tony discussed the possibility of developing a similar device that could be easily understood, built, and operated by students. They challenged themselves to make an instrument that would be inexpensive , so that teachers could afford to assemble it on their small science budgets. Tony and Deandeveloped a procedure that used simple, commonly available materials such as facial tissue, a vacuum cleaner, a large garbage bag, a light bulb, plastic cups and a $2.40 photo cell that could be attached to an ammeter. Tony and Dean built the instrument out of these simple materials and they tested it. To their surprise, this low-tech procedure produced data that were extremely similar to those provided by Tony's best high-tech equipment! Tony had developed research collaborations with scientists in Eastern Europe even before the Berlin Wall fell. The air pollution problem, particularly the soot concentration in Eastern European countries, can be ten times greater than the concentration on a bad day in Los Angeles. European scientists discussed their limited resources and their desire to set up a network to monitor air pollution. Tony suggested that they try the instrument that he and Dean had developed. This idea was very interesting to scientists in Slovenia . Dr. Mirko Bizjak, of the National Chemistry Institute of Slovenia, thought it would be a good idea to involve and educate school
children about environmental issues. In the summer of 1992, Dean Rockwell was invited to visit 10 schools in Slovenia and to talk about the program to school science teachers. The teachers were enthusiastic. Through the Slovenian Board of Education, Dr. Bizjak developed information packets and a training video that were sent to interested school teachers. The idea caught on. School children volunteers and their teachers/mentors built their own sampling and analysis devices in school shops and laboratories. Dr. Ulle Kikas, an educator and scientist from Tartu University in Tartu, Estonia learned of the Slovenian program in 1992 received instructional materials from Drs. Bizjak and Hansen. The school-based measurement program also caught on fast in Estonia. Today, over 60 schools in Slovenia share data on the Internet in this national network. Classroom materials have been developed for all grade levels, and older students receive and analyze data. In Estonia, the 12 schools that measure soot in the atmosphere comprise the only air pollution monitoring network in this small country! This work has been reported in the Journal for Chemical Education (Vol. 71, pp. 31823, 1994), the Bulletin of the World Meteorological Organization (Vol. 43, No.1 January 1994, p. 60) and the 5th International Conference on Carbonaceous Particles in the Atmosphere .