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Hydraulic Structures
Design of Barrage
Input Design Data Maximum Discharge, Q max Minimum Discharge, Qmin River Bed Level, RBL High Flood Level, HFL Lowest water level, LWL Numbers of canals on left side Numbers of canals on right side Maximum Discharge of one Canal Slope of river Lacey's Looseness Coefficient, LLC 1- Minimum Stable Wetted Perimeter Wetted perimeter, Pw = 2.67 Qmax Width between abutment, Wa = LLC x Pw Number of bays Bay width Number of fish ladder Width of one fish ladder Number of divide walls Width of on divide wall width of one pier Total number of piers Total width of bays Total width of piers Width between abutment, Wa 500000 cusecs 12000 cusecs 582 ft 600 ft 587 ft 1 2 3500 cusecs 1 ft/mile 1.8
Design of Barrage
Hydraulic Structures
Discharge between abutments, qabt Discharge over weir, q weir 2- Calculation of Lacey's Silt Factor S = (1/1844) x f**5/3 / Q**1/6 Lacey's silt factor, f 3- Fixation of Crest Level Afflux Height of crest above river bed, P Scour depth, R = 0.9(qabt**2 / f)**1/3 Depth of water above crest, Ho = R- P Approach velocity, Vo = qabt / R Energy head, ho = Vo**2 / 2g Eo = Ho + ho Do = HFL - RBL E1 = Do + ho + Afflux Level of E1 = RBL + E1 Crest level = Level of E1 - Eo Maximum d/s water level h = d/s WL - Crest Level Using Gibson Curve h / Eo C' / C C C' = (C'/C) x C Q = C' x W clear x Eo**3/2
2.04
3 ft 6 ft 19.82 ft 13.82 ft 7.45 ft/s 0.86 ft 14.69 ft 18.00 ft 21.86 ft 603.86 ft 589.18 ft 600 ft 10.82 ft 0.74 0.84 3.8 fps 3.19 538948 cusecs O.K
Design of Barrage
Hydraulic Structures
4- Design of Undersluices Difference between undersluices & main weir Number of undersluices (N1) Number of bays for one undersluices (N2) Flow through undesluices as % of main weir Crest level of undersluices b1 = N1 x Bay width qus = % flow x q weir Scour depth, R = 0.9(qus**2 / f)**1/3 Do, (may be Do = R) Approach velocity, Vo = qus / R Energy head, ho = Vo**2 / 2g Maximum U/S E.L = HFL + Afflux + ho Eo = U/S E.L - Crest Level h = (U/S E.L - Afflux) - Crest level h / Eo Using Gibson Curve C' / C C' = (C'/C) x C Q1 & Q3, ( Q = C' x Wclear x Eo**3/2) 3 ft 2 5 120 % 586.18 ft 300 ft 200 cusecs/ft 24.26 ft 24.26 ft 8.24 ft/sec 1.06 ft 604.06 ft 17.88 ft 14.88 ft 0.83 0.76 2.89 131000 cusecs 431158 cusecs 562158 cusecs 30.4 % 586.18 ft 5
O.K
1
Design of Barrage
Hydraulic Structures
5- Determination of Water Levels and Energy Levels 5.1 Check for main weir Q
(cusecs)
DSWL
(ft)
USWL
(ft)
D
(USWL-RBL) (ft)
Vo qclear/D
(ft/s)
ho
(Vo**2/2g) (ft)
h
(DSWL-CL) (ft)
Ho
(USWL-CL) (ft)
Eo
(ft)
h/Eo
C'/C
(Gibson)
C'
qclear
(cusecs/ft)
Q
(cusecs)
(USWL+ho-CL)
For normal state 600000 601.5 500000 600 250000 597 125000 592
22.0 20.5 16.5 12.5 20.0 19.0 15.0 24.0 22.0 20.0
9.1 8.1 5.1 3.3 10.0 8.8 5.6 8.3 7.6 4.2
1.28 1.03 0.396 0.17 1.55 1.19 0.48 1.08 0.89 0.27
12.32 10.82 7.82 2.82 6.32 6.82 1.82 14.82 13.32 12.32
14.82 13.32 9.32 5.32 12.82 11.82 7.82 16.82 14.82 12.82
16.11 14.35 9.72 5.50 14.38 13.02 8.30 17.90 15.72 13.09
0.765 0.754 0.805 0.514 0.440 0.524 0.220 0.828 0.848 0.941
0.820 0.815 0.780 0.940 0.960 0.930 0.970 0.765 0.740 0.520
3.12 3.10 2.96 3.57 3.65 3.53 3.69 2.91 2.81 1.98
For retrogressed state 600000 595.5 602.0 500000 596 601.0 250000 591 597.0 For accreted state 600000 604 500000 602.5 250000 601.5 606.0 604.0 602.0
198.9 596585.23 NOT O.K 166.0 498022.7 NOT O.K 88.2 264578.81 O.K 220.2 660591.93 175.2 525555.63 93.6 280866.24
O.K O.K O.K
5.2 Check fo undersluices Increase in flow 20 % Concentration of flow, Q ### cusecs Q DSWL USWL D Vo ho h Ho Eo h/Eo C'/C C' qclear Q
Muhammad Azhar Saleem 2003/II-MS-C-STRU-01
Design of Barrage
Hydraulic Structures
qclear/D
(ft/s)
(Vo**2/2g) (ft)
(DSWL-CL) (ft)
(USWL-CL) (ft)
(USWL+ho-CL)
(ft)
For normal state 157199 601.5 603.5 For Retrogressed state 157199 595.5 601.5 For accreted state 157199 604.0 605.5
6- Fixation of d/s Floor Levels and Length of d/s Glacis and d/s Floor 6.1 Fixation of d/s floor levels for normal weir section using blench curves Q
(cusecs)
qclear
(cusecs/ft)
USEL
(ft)
DSEL
(ft)
hL
(USEL-DSEL)
E2
(ft)
DSFL
(ft)
(ft)
Normal state of river 600000 201.4 605.28 602.78 500000 168.4 603.53 601.03 250000 89.8 598.90 597.40 For Retrogressed state of river 600000 198.9 603.55 597.05 500000 166.0 602.19 597.19 250000 88.2 597.48 591.48 For accreted state of river 600000 220.2 607.08 605.08 500000 175.2 604.89 603.39 250000 93.6 602.27 601.77
19.1 583.68 17.3 583.73 11.2 586.20 21 576.05 18.3 578.89 13 578.48 19.6 585.48 16.6 586.79 10.4 591.37
Muhammad Azhar Saleem 2003/II-MS-C-STRU-01
Design of Barrage
Hydraulic Structures
576.00 ft
6.2 Fixation of d/s floor levels for undersluices using blench curves Q
(cusecs)
qclear
(cusecs/ft)
USEL
(ft)
DSEL
(ft)
hL
(USEL-DSEL)
E2
(ft)
DSFL
(ft)
(ft)
Normal state of river 162603 271.00 605.81 603.81 For Retrogressed state of river 165409 275.68 604.30 598.30 For accreted state of river 172025 286.71 607.43 605.93 Hence d/s Floor level for undersluices 573.00 ft
7- Fixation of d/s floor level for normal barrage section using Crump's method and determination of floor length Q Maximum DSWL USWL USEL DSFL RBL Crest level Dpool (Max. DSWL - DSFL) 500000 cusecs 602.5 ft 604.0 ft 604.89 ft 576.00 ft 582 ft 589.18 ft 26.5 ft
Muhammad Azhar Saleem 2003/II-MS-C-STRU-01
Design of Barrage
Hydraulic Structures
d/s Velocity (Q/(Dpool x Wa) d/s velocity head (V2/2g) DSEL (DSWL + velocity head) K (USEL - Crest Level ) L (USEL - DSEL ) q (Q / Total width of bays) Critical Depth, C, (q2 / g)1/3 L/C (K+F)/C ,(from crumps curve) F, [(K+F)/C x C - K] Level of intersection of jump with glacis = Crest level - F E2, ( DSEL - Level of intersection of jump) Submergency of jump, (Level of intersection of jump - DSFL ) Slope of d/s glacis Length of glacis d/s of jump, (slope x submergency) Length of stilling pool, (4.5 x E2) Length of d/s floor,
(Length of stilling pool -Length of glacis d/s of jump)
5.57 ft/sec 0.48 ft 602.98 ft 15.71 ft 1.91 ft 166.67 cusecs/ft 9.52 ft 0.20 1.92 2.56 586.61 ft 16.37 ft 10.61 ft 1: 3 31.84 ft 73.66 ft 41.83 ft 42 ft
Say
L K y F x
Design of Barrage
Hydraulic Structures
b) Q Minimum DSWL USWL USEL DSFL RBL Crest level Dpool (Min. DSWL - DSFL) d/s Velocity (Q/(Dpool x Wa) d/s velocity head (V2/2g) DSEL, (DSWL + velocity head) K (USEL - Crest Level ) L (USEL - DSEL ) q (Q / Total width of bays) Critical Depth, C, (q2 / g)1/3 L/C (K+F)/C ,(from crumps curve) F, [(K+F)/C x C - K] Level of intersection of jump with glacis = Crest level - F E2, ( DSEL - Level of intersection of jump) Submergency of jump, (Level of intersection of jump - DSFL ) Slope of d/s glacis 500000 cusecs 596 ft 601 ft 602.19 ft 576 ft 582 ft 589.18 ft 20 ft 7.39 ft/sec 0.85 ft 596.85 ft 13.01 ft 5.34 ft 166.67 cusecs/ft 9.52 ft 0.56 2.48 10.59 ft 578.58 ft 18.27 ft 2.58 ft 1: 3
Muhammad Azhar Saleem 2003/II-MS-C-STRU-01
Design of Barrage
Hydraulic Structures
Length of glacis d/s of jump, (slope x submergency) Length of stilling pool, (4.5 x E2) Length of d/s floor,
(Length of stilling pool -Length of glacis d/s of jump)
Say 8 - Fixation of d/s floor length for undersluices a) Q Maximum DSWL USWL USEL DSFL RBL Crest level Dpool (Max. DSWL - DSFL) d/s Velocity (Q/(Dpool x Wa) d/s velocity head (V2/2g) DSEL (DSWL + velocity head) K (USEL - Crest Level ) L (USEL - DSEL ) q (Q / Total width of bays) Critical Depth, C, (q2 / g)1/3 L/C (K+F)/C ,(from crumps curve) F, [(K+F)/C x C - K] Level of intersection of jump with glacis = Crest level - F E2, ( DSEL - Level of intersection of jump)
### cusecs 604 ft 605.5 ft 607.43 ft 573 ft 582 ft 586.18 ft 31 ft 8.5 ft/sec 1.11 ft 605.11 ft 21.25 ft 2.32 ft 262.0 cusecs/ft 12.87 ft 0.180 1.92 3.46 ft 582.72 ft 22.39 ft
Muhammad Azhar Saleem 2003/II-MS-C-STRU-01
Design of Barrage
Hydraulic Structures
Submergency of jump, (Level of intersection of jump - DSFL ) Slope of d/s glacis Length of glacis d/s of jump, (slope x submergency) Length of stilling pool, (4.5 x E2) Length of d/s floor, b) Q Minimum DSWL USWL USEL DSFL RBL Crest level Dpool (Min. DSWL - DSFL) d/s Velocity (Q/(Dpool x Wa) d/s velocity head (V2/2g) DSEL (DSWL + velocity head) K (USEL - Crest Level ) L (USEL - DSEL ) q (Q / Total width of bays) Critical Depth, C, (q2 / g)1/3 L/C (K+F)/C ,(from crumps curve) F, [(K+F)/C x C - K] Level of intersection of jump with glacis = Crest level - F E2, ( DSEL - Level of intersection of jump)
(Length of stilling pool -Length of glacis d/s of jump)
9.72 ft 1: 3 29.16 ft 101 ft 71.60 ft 72.00 ft ### cusecs 595.5 ft 601.5 ft 604.3 ft 573 ft 582 ft 586.18 ft 22.5 ft 11.64 ft/sec 2.11 ft 597.61 ft 18.12 ft 6.69 ft 262.0 cusecs/ft 12.87 ft 0.520 2.32 11.73 ft 574.44 ft 23.16 ft
Muhammad Azhar Saleem 2003/II-MS-C-STRU-01
Say
Design of Barrage
Hydraulic Structures
Submergency of jump, (Level of intersection of jump - DSFL ) Slope of d/s glacis Length of glacis d/s of jump, (slope x submergency) Length of stilling pool, (4.5 x E2) Length of d/s floor,
(Length of stilling pool -Length of glacis d/s of jump)
Say
100 ft
9- Check for Adequacy for d/s floor levels using conjugate depth method. 9.1 For normal weir section
Floor level of stilling pool Discharge in river, Q (cusecs) Discharge through main weir, Q1= 0.8Q (cusecs) USEL (ft) DSWL (ft) E = USEL - DSFL Intensity of flow on d/s floor, q = Q1/width of main weir Depth in stilling pool, Dpool = DSWL - DSFL f(z) = q/E
3/2
400000 200000 max. min. max min 604.89 602.19 602.27 597.48 602.5 596.0 601.5 591 28.89 26.19 26.27 21.48 166.67 166.67 26.50 1.073 0.145 0.635 20.00 1.243 0.170 0.671 83.33 25.50 0.619 0.080 0.504 83.33 15.00 0.837 0.110 0.573
Muhammad Azhar Saleem 2003/II-MS-C-STRU-01
z z'
Design of Barrage
Hydraulic Structures
d1 = z x E d2 = z' x E
2.10 13.24
2.36 12.31
Floor level of stilling pool Discharge in river, Q (cusecs) Discharge through U.S with 20% concentration, (1.2 x (Q1 + Q2)) USEL (ft) DSWL (ft) E = USEL - DSFL (ft) Intensity of flow on d/s floor, q = Q1/Total width of all U/S Depth in stilling pool, Dpool = DSWL - DSFL f(z) = q/E
3/2
1.00 573.00 ft 500000 157199 Max. Min. 607.43 604.30 604.00 595.5 34.43 31.30 262 31.00 1.30 0.180 0.684 6.20 23.54 7.46 O.K O.K 262 22.50 1.50 0.217 0.695 6.79 21.75 0.75
z z' d1 = z x E d2 = z' x E
10 - Scour Protection
Muhammad Azhar Saleem 2003/II-MS-C-STRU-01
Design of Barrage
Hydraulic Structures
For main weir Assume flow concentration q = Qmax /(total width of bays) x 1.2 R = 0.9 (q2/f)1/3 10.1 - d/s scour protection for main weir Safety factor for d/s floor critical condition Depth, R' = safety factor x R Minimum DSWL for Qmax d/s appron (floor) level, (DSFL) Depth of water on apron (Min DSWL - DSFL) Increase in depth due to concentration Depth of water with concentration, D' Depth of scour below apron = R' - D' Slope of protection
Length of apron to cover surface of scour = Sqrt (12+32)x(R'-D') 69.44 ft Length of d/s stone apron in horizontal position = length of apron x (1.25t/1.75t) 50 ft
MIN. W.L
D R'
DSFL
1:3 t
Design of Barrage
Hydraulic Structures
t
3(R-D)
10.2 U/s Scour Protection for main weir Safety factor for u/s floor critical condition R' = Safety factor x R Minimum USWL for Qmax U/s apron level, (RBL) Depth of water on apron = USWL -RBL Increase in depth due to concentration Total depth with concentration, D' Depth of scour below apron = R' - D' Slope of protection 1.25 30.33 ft 601.00 ft 582 ft 19.00 ft 0.50 ft 19.50 ft 10.83 ft 1: 3
Length of apron to cover surface of scour = Sqrt (12+32)x(R'-D') 34.24 ft Length of u/s stone apron in horizontal position 25 ft = length of apron x (1.25t/1.75t) For undersluices Assume flow concentration q = (Q1+Q3)/Total width of undersluicesx 1.2 R = 0.9 (q /f)
2 1/3
Design of Barrage
Hydraulic Structures
Safety factor for d/s floor critical condition Depth, R' = safety factor x R Minimum DSWL for Q1 + Q3 d/s appron (floor) level, (DSFL) Depth of water on apron (Min DSWL - DSFL) Increase in depth due to concentration Depth of water with concentration, D' Depth of scour below apron = R' - D' Slope of protection
Length of apron to cover surface of scour = Sqrt (12+32)x(R'-D') 88.02 ft Length of d/s stone apron in horizontal position = length of apron x (1.25t/1.75t) 63 ft 10.4 U/s Scour Protection for undersluices Safety factor for u/s floor critical condition R' = Safety factor x R Minimum USWL for Q1 + Q3 U/s apron level, (RBL) Depth of water on apron = USWL -RBL Increase in depth due to concentration Total depth with concentration, D' Depth of scour below apron = R' - D' Slope of protection 1.25 36.31 ft 601.5 ft 582 ft 19.5 ft 0.5 ft 20 ft 16.31 ft 1: 3
Length of apron to cover surface of scour = Sqrt (12+32)x(R'-D') 51.58 ft Length of u/s stone apron in horizontal position = length of apron x (1.25t/1.75t) 37 ft
Muhammad Azhar Saleem 2003/II-MS-C-STRU-01
Design of Barrage
Hydraulic Structures
10.5 - Thickness of Aprons The following table gives the required valuves of "t" (Fig:2) for protection of various grades of sand and slope of rivers. Fall in inches/mile Sand classification Very coarse Coarse Medium Fine Very fine 3 9 Thickness of stone 16 19 22 25 28 31 34 37 40 43 12 18 pitching in inches 22 25 28 31 34 37 40 43 45 49 24 28 34 40 46 52
Type of soil Medium sand Slope of river 12 in/mile Thickness if stone pitching, t 34 in Thickness of stone apron in horizontal position = 1.75xt/slope 5 ft Size of concrete blocks over filter 4 ft cube Summary Total Length of d/s stone apron 50 ft 4 ft Thick bloke apron = 1/3 x total length 16 ft (block= 4'x4'x4') 5 ft Thick stone apron 34 ft Total length of u/s apron 4 ft Thick bloke apron = 1/3 x total length 5 ft Thick stone apron 25 ft 8 ft (block= 4'x4'x4') 17 ft
Design of Barrage
Hydraulic Structures
Design of Barrage
Hydraulic Structures
i) ii) iii)
Length of each guid bank measured in straight line along the barrage u/s , Lu/s = 1.5 x Wa Length of each guid bank d/s of barrage, Ld/s = 0.2 x Wa For the nose of the u/s guide bank and the full length of d/s guide bank use Lacey's depth = 1.75 x R For remaining u/s guide bank lacey's depth = 1.25 x R Possible slope of scour Free board u/s Free board d/s
These free boards also include allowance for accretion.
5078 ft 677 ft
iv) v)
42.46 ft 30.33 ft 1: 3 7 ft above HFL 6 ft above HFL 10 ft 1: 3 4 ft 3385 ft 5078 ft 677 ft 600 ft 400 ft 140o 57o - 80o
vi) Top of guide bank vii) Side slope of guide bank viii) Minimum apron thickness Length of barrage, Wa Length of u/s guide bank Length of d/s guide bank Radius of u/s curved part Radius of d/s curved part Maximum u/s angle protected Maximum d/s angle protected
L=
d 1 d 2 d1 d2 1 C2 D S S g D D
[ ]
Muhammad Azhar Saleem 2003/II-MS-C-STRU-01
Design of Barrage
L=
d 1 d 2 S
1 C S g
[ ]
d1 D d2 D
Hydraulic Structures
d1 S
d2
Chezy's Coefficient, C Bed slope of river, S RBL D/s HFL with accretion D = D/s HFL with accretion - RBL U/s HFL with accretion d1 = U/s HFL with accretion - RBL Assume d2 (in between d1 and D) d1/D d2/D (d1/D) (d2/D) L Length of guide bank Comments
(from Bresse back water function table)
71 ( max for earthen channels) 1/ 5000 582 ft 602.5 ft 20.5 ft 604.0 ft 22.0 ft 21.78 ft 1.073 1.062 0.7870 0.83 5240 ft 5078 O.K
Muhammad Azhar Saleem 2003/II-MS-C-STRU-01
Design of Barrage
Hydraulic Structures
Rise in RBL = Length of guide bank / slope Water level along h/w axis at 5078 ft u/s of barrage = RBL + Rise in RBL + d2 i) Level at the nose of u/s guide bank = W/L + free board ii) Level at the barrage = HFL + free board iii) Water level d/s of barrage D/s free board Level of guide bank d/s = W/L + Free board
Working on same lines as in section 10, Length of unlanched horizontal apron = 2.5(R' - D') 27.07 ft
Muhammad Azhar Saleem 2003/II-MS-C-STRU-01
Design of Barrage
Hydraulic Structures
Length of launched apron at 1:3 slope = 3.16(R' - D') Thickness of stone apron, t (as calculated previously) say Volume of stones in apron = t x length launched apron Minimum thickness of unlaunched apron = 1.07t Mean thickness of unlaunched apron = volume/ 2.5(R' - D') Maximum thickness of unlaunched apron = 2tmean - tmin
L=
d 1 d 2 S
d1 d2 1 C2 S g D D
[ ]
Muhammad Azhar Saleem 2003/II-MS-C-STRU-01
Design of Barrage
Hydraulic Structures
d1
d2
Maximum USWL at Qmax RBL Normal W.L without weir d1 = Maximum USWL - RBL D = Normal W.L - RBL Slope Table for length of backwater curve d1 d2 d 1d 2 1 C2 D S S g
1 2 3 4 5
T 1=
6
d1 D
T 2=
7
d2 D
d1 D 2
8 9
d2 D
2 1
10
18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18
4549 4584 4871 5028 5743 6188 7016 8068 46047 ft 8.73 miles
Muhammad Azhar Saleem 2003/II-MS-C-STRU-01
Design of Barrage
Hydraulic Structures
Part II
Design of barrage profile for sub surface flow condition 15 - Fixing of Depth of Sheet Piles
Scour depth, R Depth of u/s sheet pile from HFL = 1.5 R Max. USWL for Qmax RL of bottomo fu/s sheet pile = Max. USWL - 1.5R Depth of d/s sheet pile below HFL = 2R RL of bottom of intermediate sheet pile = Max. USWL - 2R Let RL of bottom of d/s sheet pile 19.82 ft 30 ft 604.0 ft 574.0 ft 40 ft 564.0 ft 550 ft
604.0 ft
589.18 ft
582.0
1: 4
1: 3
576.00
B L N 75.00 M P R
574.0 564.0
1.5H = 48
28.70
39.53
550.0
Muhammad Azhar Saleem 2003/II-MS-C-STRU-01
Design of Barrage
Hydraulic Structures
G E=
H
H 1 x d
b E C d D = b/d Parmeters of Khosla's Curve
b1
Let the water be headed up to Max. accreted level u/s and no flow d/s. Retogression DSFL
604.0 ft
4 ft 576.0 ft 32.0 ft Differential head causing seepeage, H = Max. u/s WL - (DSFL - Retrogression) Depth of d/s sheet pile, d = DSFL - RL of bottom of d/s sheet pile 26.0 ft Total length of concrete floor = b 197.23 ft
= b/d
1 form ~ 1
curve
7.59 0.15
Design of Barrage
Hydraulic Structures
GE
0.187 SAFE
B = D A = E
100 - 33 100 - 31
0.757 67 % 69 % 64 %
K =
tf d tf d
B K A B
-ve
0.938 % 0.63 %
A=
[ ]
b
D b'
Muhammad Azhar Saleem 2003/II-MS-C-STRU-01
Design of Barrage
Hydraulic Structures
Depth of u/s sheet pile,d D = RBL - RL of bottom of second pile Total length of concrete floor, b Distance between two piles, b' Correction in K iii) Slope correction for K Correction for =F K S
bs b1
For 1:4 slope, Fs (from slope correction curve) 3.3 Distance between two piles, b1 74.23 ft Horizontal projection of u/s glacis, bs = (crest level - RBL) x 1/slope 28.70 ft Correction for K -1.28 Hence Correted A 68.38 % Corrected B 67 % Corrected 64.895 %
K
17.2 Intermediate sheet pile at toe of d/s glacis: Assume floor thickness DSFL RL of intermediate sheet pile d = DSFL - RL of Intermediate sheet pile Total length of concrete floor, b Length of concrete floor up to sheet pile, b1 b1/b 10 ft 576.00 ft 564.00 ft 12.00 ft 197.23 ft 122.23 ft 0.620
Muhammad Azhar Saleem 2003/II-MS-C-STRU-01
Design of Barrage
Hydraulic Structures
1 - b1/b = b/d
L = E M = D
N =
C
100 - 55 100 - 58
tf d tf d
L M M N
-2.5 % 4.58 %
Correction in N =
ii) Correction due to interference of pile Correction in L due to u/s sheet pile dD 19
Depth of Intermediate sheet pile,d D = RBL - RL of bottom of u/s sheet pile Total length of concrete floor, b Distance between two piles, b' Correction in L = 19 dD
[ ]
b
D b'
12.0 ft 18.00 ft 197.23 ft 74.23 ft -1.42 %
Correction in N due to d/s sheet pile19 = Depth of Intermediate sheet pile,d D = DSFL - RL of bottom of d/s sheet pile Total length of concrete floor, b Distance between two piles, b'
[ ]
b
D b'
[ ]
dD b
D b'
19
[ ]
dD b
D b'
Design of Barrage
Hydraulic Structures
Correction in N
= 19
[ ]
dD b
D b'
2.16 %
bs b1
43.47 % 42 % 43.24 %
P = E
Q = D R=C
100 - 68 100 - 78
Design of Barrage
Hydraulic Structures
P Correction in R
ii) Correction due to interface of piles Correction in P Depth of d/s sheet pile,d D = DSFL - RL of bottom of intermediate sheet pile Total length of concrete floor, b Distance between two piles, b' Correction in P Hence Corrected P Corrected Q Corrected R = dD 19
5.92 %
[ ]
b
D b'
27.84 % 22 % 5.92 %
Table: Uplift pressure at E, D, C and along the sheet piles Symbol used in Khosla cueve u/s Pile line A = 68.38% 67% B = K = 64.89% Intermediate Line L = 43.47% 42% M = N = 43.24% d/s Pile Line P = 27.84% Q = 22% R = 5.92%
E D C
t f= H 100 G1
Muhammad Azhar Saleem 2003/II-MS-C-STRU-01
Design of Barrage
Hydraulic Structures
t f= H 100 G1
where tf = Thickness of floor in ft
= % Uplift pressure
H = Maximum differential head causing seepage G = Specific gravity of concrete a) Thickness of floor at A Assumend thickness H Thickness from uplift pressure say b) Thickness of floor at L Assumend thickness Thickness from uplift pressure say c) Thickness of floor at N Assumend thickness Thickness from uplift pressure say d) Thickness of floor at P Assumend thickness Thickness from uplift pressure say e) Thickness of floor at crest
2.4
Design of Barrage
Hydraulic Structures
K L
L
Pressure at crest y
54.88 % 12.54 ft 13 ft
say
Design of Barrage
Input Design Data Maximum Discharge, Q max Minimum Discharge, Qmin River Bed Level, RBL High Flood Level, HFL Lowest water level, LWL Numbers of canals on left side Numbers of canals on right side Maximum Discharge of one Canal Slope of river Lacey's Looseness Coefficient, LLC 1- Minimum Stable Wetted Perimeter Wetted perimeter, Pw = 2.67 Qmax Width between abutment, Wa = LLC x Pw Number of bays Bay width Number of fish ladder Width of one fish ladder Number of divide walls Width of one divide wall width of one pier Total number of piers Total width of bays Total width of piers Width between abutment, Wa Discharge between abutments, qabt Discharge over weir, q weir 2- Calculation of Lacey's Silt Factor S = (1/1844) x f**5/3 / Q**1/6 Lacey's silt factor, f 3- Fixation of Crest Level Afflux Height of crest above river bed, P Scour depth, R = 0.9(qabt**2 / f)**1/3 Depth of water above crest, Ho = R- P Approach velocity, Vo = qabt / R Energy head, ho = Vo**2 / 2g Eo = Ho + ho 540000 cusecs 12000 cusecs 582 ft 600 ft 587 ft 1 2 3500 cusecs 1 ft/mile 1.8
2.06
Do = HFL - RBL E1 = Do + ho + Afflux Level of E1 = RBL + E1 Crest level = Level of E1 - Eo Maximum d/s water level h = d/s WL - Crest Level Using Gibson Curve h / Eo C' / C C C' = (C'/C) x C Q = C' x W clear x Eo**3/2 4- Design of Undersluices Difference between undersluices & main weir Number of undersluices (N1) Number of bays for one undersluices (N2) Flow through undesluices as % of main weir Crest level of undersluices b1 = N1 x Bay width qus = % flow x q weir Scour depth, R = 0.9(qus**2 / f)**1/3 Do, (may be Do = R) Approach velocity, Vo = qus / R Energy head, ho = Vo**2 / 2g Maximum U/S E.L = HFL + Afflux + ho Eo = U/S E.L - Crest Level h = (U/S E.L - Afflux) - Crest level h / Eo Using Gibson Curve C' / C C' = (C'/C) x C Q1 & Q3, ( Q = C' x Wclear x Eo**3/2) O.K
1
18.00 ft 21.86 ft 603.86 ft 589.45 ft 600 ft 10.55 ft 0.73 0.86 3.8 fps 3.27 589630 cusecs O.K
3 ft 2 5 120 % 586.45 ft 300 ft 196.36 cusecs/ft 23.91 ft 23.91 ft 8.21 ft/sec 1.05 ft 604.05 ft 17.60 ft 14.60 ft 0.83 0.77 2.93 129586 cusecs 482425 cusecs 612010 cusecs 26.9 % 586.45 ft 5
Hence Crest Level of Undersluices Number of Bays on Each Side 5- Determination of Water Levels and Energy Levels
DSWL
(ft)
USWL
(ft)
D
(USWL-RBL) (ft)
Vo qclear/D
(ft/s)
ho
(Vo**2/2g) (ft)
h
(DSWL-CL) (ft)
Ho
(USWL-CL) (ft)
For normal state 648000 602 540000 600.5 270000 597.5 135000 593
22.5 21.0 16.5 12.5 20.5 19.5 15.0 23.5 22.0 20.5
8.7 7.8 5.0 3.3 9.6 8.4 5.5 8.4 7.4 4.0
1.18 0.94 0.382 0.17 1.42 1.09 0.46 1.08 0.86 0.25
12.55 11.05 8.05 3.55 6.55 7.05 2.55 15.05 13.55 12.55
15.05 13.55 9.05 5.05 13.05 12.05 7.55 16.05 14.55 13.05
For retrogressed state 648000 596 602.5 540000 596.5 601.5 270000 592 597.0 For accreted state 648000 604.5 540000 603 270000 602 605.5 604.0 602.5
5.2 Check for undersluices Increase in flow 20 % Concentration of flow, Q### cusecs Q
(cusecs)
DSWL
(ft)
USWL
(ft)
D
(USWL-RBL) (ft)
Vo qclear/D
(ft/s)
ho
(Vo**2/2g) (ft)
h
(DSWL-CL) (ft)
Ho
(USWL-CL) (ft)
For normal state 155503 594 601.5 For Retrogressed state 155503 590 601 For accreted state 155503 598.0 602.5
19.5 19 20.5
6- Fixation of d/s Floor Levels and Length of d/s Glacis and d/s Floor 6.1 Fixation of d/s floor levels for normal weir section using blench curves Q qclear USEL DSEL hL
(USEL-DSEL)
E2
DSFL
(cusecs)
(cusecs/ft)
(ft)
(ft)
(ft)
(ft)
(ft)
Normal state of river 648000 201.3 605.68 603.18 540000 170.8 603.94 601.44 270000 83.6 598.88 597.88 For Retrogressed state of river 648000 198.8 603.92 597.42 540000 168.4 602.59 597.59 270000 84.4 597.46 592.46 For accreted state of river 648000 196.7 606.58 605.58 540000 167.8 604.86 603.86 270000 86.6 602.75 602.25 Hence d/s Floor level ### ft
18.6 584.58 17.6 583.84 10 587.88 20.8 576.62 17.3 580.29 12 580.46 17 588.58 15.4 588.46 10.5 591.75
6.2 Fixation of d/s floor levels for undersluices using blench curves Q
(cusecs)
qclear
(cusecs/ft)
USEL
(ft)
DSEL
(ft)
hL
(USEL-DSEL)
E2
(ft)
DSFL
(ft)
(ft)
Normal state of river 157414 262.36 604.24 596.74 For Retrogressed state of river 156064 260.11 603.89 592.89 For accreted state of river 165503 275.84 604.98 600.48 Hence 566.00 ft d/s Floor level for undersluices
7- Fixation of d/s floor level for normal barrage section using Crump's method and determination of floor length Q Maximum DSWL USWL USEL DSFL RBL Crest level Dpool (Max. DSWL - DSFL) d/s Velocity (Q/(Dpool x Wa) d/s velocity head (V2/2g) 540000 cusecs 603.00 ft 604.00 ft 604.86 ft 577.00 ft 582 ft 589.45 ft 26 ft 5.58 ft/sec 0.48 ft
DSEL (DSWL + velocity head) K (USEL - Crest Level ) L (USEL - DSEL ) q (Q / Total width of bays) Critical Depth, C, (q2 / g)1/3 L/C (K+F)/C ,(from crumps curve) F, [(K+F)/C x C - K] Level of intersection of jump with glacis = Crest level - F E2, ( DSEL - Level of intersection of jump) Submergency of jump, (Level of intersection of jump - DSFL ) Slope of d/s glacis Length of glacis d/s of jump, (slope x submergency) Length of stilling pool, (4.5 x E2) Length of d/s floor,
(Length of stilling pool -Length of glacis d/s of jump)
603.48 ft 15.41 ft 1.38 ft 163.64 cusecs/ft 9.40 ft 0.15 1.92 2.65 586.80 ft 16.68 ft 9.80 ft 1: 3 29.41 ft 75.06 ft 45.64 ft 46 ft
Say
L K y F x
b) Q Minimum DSWL USWL USEL DSFL RBL Crest level Dpool (Min. DSWL - DSFL) d/s Velocity (Q/(Dpool x Wa) d/s velocity head (V2/2g) DSEL, (DSWL + velocity head) K (USEL - Crest Level ) 540000 cusecs 596.5 ft 601.5 ft 602.59 ft 577.00 ft 582 ft 589.45 ft 19.5 ft 7.45 ft/sec 0.86 ft 597.36 ft 13.14 ft
L (USEL - DSEL ) q (Q / Total width of bays) Critical Depth, C, (q2 / g)1/3 L/C (K+F)/C ,(from crumps curve) F, [(K+F)/C x C - K] Level of intersection of jump with glacis = Crest level - F E2, ( DSEL - Level of intersection of jump) Submergency of jump, (Level of intersection of jump - DSFL ) Slope of d/s glacis Length of glacis d/s of jump, (slope x submergency) Length of stilling pool, (4.5 x E2) Length of d/s floor,
(Length of stilling pool -Length of glacis d/s of jump)
5.23 ft 163.64 cusecs/ft 9.40 ft 0.56 2.48 10.18 ft 579.27 ft 18.09 ft 2.27 ft 1: 3 6.81 ft 81.42 ft 74.61 ft 75.00 ft
Say 8 - Fixation of d/s floor length for undersluices a) Q Maximum DSWL USWL USEL DSFL RBL Crest level Dpool (Max. DSWL - DSFL) d/s Velocity (Q/(Dpool x Wa) d/s velocity head (V2/2g) DSEL (DSWL + velocity head) K (USEL - Crest Level ) L (USEL - DSEL ) q (Q / Total width of bays) Critical Depth, C, (q2 / g)1/3 L/C (K+F)/C ,(from crumps curve) F, [(K+F)/C x C - K] Level of intersection of jump with glacis = Crest level - F E2, ( DSEL - Level of intersection of jump) Submergency of jump, (Level of intersection of jump - DSFL ) Slope of d/s glacis Length of glacis d/s of jump, (slope x submergency)
### cusecs 598 ft 602.5 ft 604.98 ft 566.00 ft 582 ft 586.45 ft 32 ft 8.1 ft/sec 1.02 ft 599.02 ft 18.53 ft 5.96 ft 259.2 cusecs/ft 12.78 ft 0.467 2.2 9.58 ft 576.87 ft 22.15 ft 10.87 ft 1: 3 32.61 ft
Length of stilling pool, (4.5 x E2) Length of d/s floor, b) Q Minimum DSWL USWL USEL DSFL RBL Crest level Dpool (Min. DSWL - DSFL) d/s Velocity (Q/(Dpool x Wa) d/s velocity head (V2/2g) DSEL (DSWL + velocity head) K (USEL - Crest Level ) L (USEL - DSEL ) q (Q / Total width of bays) Critical Depth, C, (q2 / g)1/3 L/C (K+F)/C ,(from crumps curve) F, [(K+F)/C x C - K] Level of intersection of jump with glacis = Crest level - F E2, ( DSEL - Level of intersection of jump) Submergency of jump, (Level of intersection of jump - DSFL ) Slope of d/s glacis Length of glacis d/s of jump, (slope x submergency) Length of stilling pool, (4.5 x E2) Length of d/s floor,
(Length of stilling pool -Length of glacis d/s of jump) (Length of stilling pool -Length of glacis d/s of jump)
Say
100 ft 67.06 ft 68.00 ft ### cusecs 590 ft 601 ft 603.89 ft 566.00 ft 582 ft 586.45 ft 24 ft 10.80 ft/sec 1.81 ft 591.81 ft 17.44 ft 12.08 ft 259.2 cusecs/ft 12.78 ft 0.945 2.9 19.62 ft 566.84 ft 24.97 ft 0.84 ft 1: 3 2.51 ft 112 ft 109.88 ft 110 ft
Say
110 ft
9- Check for Adequacy for d/s floor levels using conjugate depth method. 9.1 For normal weir section
Discharge through main weir, Q1= 0.8Q (cusecs) USEL (ft) DSWL (ft) E = USEL - DSFL Intensity of flow on d/s floor, q = Q1/width of main weir Depth in stilling pool, Dpool = DSWL - DSFL f(z) = q/E3/2 Conjugate depth coefficients Conjugate depths z z' d1 = z x E d2 = z' x E
432000 max. min. 604.86 602.59 603 596.5 27.86 25.59 160.00 160.00 26.00 1.088 0.150 0.643 4.18 17.92 8.08 O.K O.K 19.50 1.236 0.170 0.671 4.35 17.17 2.33
Floor level of stilling pool Discharge in river, Q (cusecs) Discharge through U.S with 20% concentration, (1.2 x (Q1 + Q2)) USEL (ft) DSWL (ft) E = USEL - DSFL (ft) Intensity of flow on d/s floor, q = Q1/Total width of all U/S Depth in stilling pool, Dpool = DSWL - DSFL f(z) = q/E3/2 Conjugate depth coefficients Conjugate depths z z' d1 = z x E d2 = z' x E
1.00 566.00 540000 155503 Max. 604.98 598.00 38.98 259 32.00 1.06 0.145 0.635 5.65 24.75 7.25 O.K
10 - Scour Protection
For main weir Assume flow concentration q = Qmax /(total width of bays) x 1.2 R = 0.9 (q2/f)1/3 20 % 196.36 cusecs/ft 23.91 ft
10.1 - d/s scour protection for main weir Safety factor for d/s floor critical condition Depth, R' = safety factor x R Minimum DSWL for Qmax d/s appron (floor) level, (DSFL) Depth of water on apron (Min DSWL - DSFL) Increase in depth due to concentration Depth of water with concentration, D' Depth of scour below apron = R' - D' Slope of protection 1.75 41.84 ft 596.5 ft 577.00 ft 19.50 ft 0.50 ft 20.00 ft 21.84 ft 1: 3
Length of apron to cover surface of scour = Sqrt (12+32)x(R'-D') 69.05 ft Length of d/s stone apron in horizontal position = length of apron x (1.25t/1.75t) 50 ft
MIN. W.L
D R'
DSFL
1:3 t
3(R-D)
10.2 U/s Scour Protection for main weir Safety factor for u/s floor critical condition R' = Safety factor x R Minimum USWL for Qmax U/s apron level, (RBL) Depth of water on apron = USWL -RBL Increase in depth due to concentration Total depth with concentration, D' Depth of scour below apron = R' - D' Slope of protection 1.25 29.88 ft 601.50 ft 582 ft 19.50 ft 0.50 ft 20.00 ft 9.88 ft 1: 3
Length of apron to cover surface of scour = Sqrt (12+32)x(R'-D') 31.25 ft Length of u/s stone apron in horizontal position
= length of apron x (1.25t/1.75t) For undersluices Assume flow concentration q = (Q1+Q3)/Total width of undersluicesx 1.2 R = 0.9 (q2/f)1/3 10.3 - d/s scour protection for undersluices Safety factor for d/s floor critical condition Depth, R' = safety factor x R Minimum DSWL for Q1 + Q3 d/s appron (floor) level, (DSFL) Depth of water on apron (Min DSWL - DSFL) Increase in depth due to concentration Depth of water with concentration, D' Depth of scour below apron = R' - D' Slope of protection
23 ft
Length of apron to cover surface of scour = Sqrt (12+32)x(R'-D') 81.71 ft Length of d/s stone apron in horizontal position = length of apron x (1.25t/1.75t) 59 ft 10.4 U/s Scour Protection for undersluices Safety factor for u/s floor critical condition R' = Safety factor x R Minimum USWL for Q1 + Q3 U/s apron level, (RBL) Depth of water on apron = USWL -RBL Increase in depth due to concentration Total depth with concentration, D' Depth of scour below apron = R' - D' Slope of protection 1.25 35.96 ft 601 ft 582 ft 19 ft 0.5 ft 19.5 ft 16.46 ft 1: 3
Length of apron to cover surface of scour = Sqrt (12+32)x(R'-D') 52.04 ft Length of u/s stone apron in horizontal position = length of apron x (1.25t/1.75t) 38 ft 10.5 - Thickness of Aprons The following table gives the required valuves of "t" (Fig:2) for protection of various grades of sand and slope of rivers.
Fall in inches/mile Sand classification Very coarse Coarse Medium Fine Very fine
24 28 34 40 46 52
Type of soil Medium sand Slope of river 12 in/mile Thickness if stone pitching, t 34 in Thickness of stone apron in horizontal position = 1.75xt/slope 5 ft Size of concrete blocks over filter 4 ft cube Summary Total Length of d/s stone apron 50 ft 4 ft Thick bloke apron = 1/3 x total length 16 ft (block= 4'x4'x 5 ft Thick stone apron 34 ft Total length of u/s apron 4 ft Thick bloke apron = 1/3 x total length 5 ft Thick stone apron
23 ft 7 ft (block= 4'x4'x 16 ft
Gra
9" Coarse s
6" S
Gra
9" Coarse s
6" S
5579 ft 743.8 ft
41.84 ft 29.88 ft 1: 3 7 ft above HFL 6 ft above HFL 10 ft 1: 3 4 ft 3719 ft 5579 ft 743.8 ft 600 ft 400 ft 140o 57o - 80o
vi) Top of guide bank vii) Side slope of guide bank viii) Minimum apron thickness Length of barrage, Wa Length of u/s guide bank Length of d/s guide bank Radius of u/s curved part Radius of d/s curved part Maximum u/s angle protected Maximum d/s angle protected
L=
d 1 d 2 S
d1 d2 1 C2 D S g D D
[ ]
d1
d2
d1 S
d2
Chezy's Coefficient, C Bed slope of river, S RBL D/s HFL with accretion D = D/s HFL with accretion - RBL U/s HFL with accretion d1 = U/s HFL with accretion - RBL Assume d2 (in between d1 and D) d1/D d2/D (d1/D) (d2/D) L Length of guide bank Comments Rise in RBL = Length of guide bank / slope Water level along h/w axis at 5579 ft u/s of barrage = RBL + Rise in RBL + d2 i) Level at the nose of u/s guide bank = W/L + free board ii) Level at the barrage = HFL + free board iii) Water level d/s of barrage D/s free board Level of guide bank d/s = W/L + Free board
(from Bresse back water function table)
71 ( max for earthen channe 1/ 5000 582 ft 603 ft 21 ft 604.0 ft 22.0 ft 21.8 ft 1.048 1.038 0.8999 0.96 6909 ft 5579 O.K 1.12 from barrage level 604.92 ft 611.92 ft 607.5 ft 603.0 ft 6 ft 609.0 ft
Working on same lines as in section 10, Length of unlanched horizontal apron = 2.5(R' - D') Length of launched apron at 1:3 slope = 3.16(R' - D') Thickness of stone apron, t (as calculated previously) say Volume of stones in apron = t x length launched apron Minimum thickness of unlaunched apron = 1.07t Mean thickness of unlaunched apron = volume/ 2.5(R' - D') Maximum thickness of unlaunched apron = 2tmean - tmin 24.71 ft 31.23 ft 34 inches 3 ft 93.69 ft3/unit width 3.2 ft 3.8 ft 5.0 ft
L=
d 1 d 2 S
d1 d2 1 C2 S g D D
[ ]
d2 D
d1
Maximum USWL at Qmax RBL Normal W.L without weir d1 = Maximum USWL - RBL D = Normal W.L - RBL Slope Table for length of backwater curve d1 d2 d 1d 2 1 C2 D S S g
1 2 3 4 5
T 1=
6
d1 D
T 2=
7
d2 D
d1 D
8
18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18
Part II
Design of barrage profile for sub surface flow condition 15 - Fixing of Depth of Sheet Piles
Scour depth, R Depth of u/s sheet pile from HFL = 1.5 R Max. USWL for Qmax RL of bottomo fu/s sheet pile = Max. USWL - 1.5R Depth of d/s sheet pile below HFL = 2R RL of bottom of intermediate sheet pile = Max. USWL - 2R Let RL of bottom of d/s sheet pile 19.55 ft 30 ft 604.0 ft 574.0 ft 40 ft 564.0 ft 548 ft
604.0 ft
589.45 ft
582.0
1: 4
1: 3
577.00
B L N 75.00 M P R
574.0 564.0
1.5H = 46.5
29.81
37.35
548.0
G E=
H
H 1 x d
b E C d D = b/d Parmeters of Khosla's Curve
b1
Let the water be headed up to Max. accreted level u/s and no flow d/s. Retogression DSFL
604.0 ft
4 ft 577.0 ft Differential head causing seepeage, H = Max. u/s WL - (DSFL - Retrogression) 31.0 ft Depth of d/s sheet pile, d = DSFL - RL of bottom of d/s sheet pile 29.0 ft Total length of concrete floor = b 194.66 ft
= b/d
1 form ~ 1 GE
curve
Depth of u/s sheet pile,d Assume tf u/s floor thickness 1/ = d/b = b/d b1/b 1 - b1/b
B = D A = E
100 - 34 100 - 33
K=
tf d tf d
B K A B
-ve
1.563 % 0.31 %
A=
Depth of u/s sheet pile,d D = RBL - RL of bottom of second pile Total length of concrete floor, b Distance between two piles, b' Correction in K iii) Slope correction for K Correction for =F K S
[ ]
b
D b'
8.0 ft 18.0 ft 194.66 ft 73.16 ft +ve 1.26 %
bs b1
For 1:4 slope, Fs (from slope correction curve) 3.3 Distance between two piles, b1 73.16 ft Horizontal projection of u/s glacis, bs = (crest level - RBL) x 1/slope 29.81 ft Correction for K -1.34 Hence Correted A 66.69 % Corrected B 66 % Corrected 62.477 %
K
17.2 Intermediate sheet pile at toe of d/s glacis: Assume floor thickness DSFL 10 ft 577.00 ft
RL of intermediate sheet pile d = DSFL - RL of Intermediate sheet pile Total length of concrete floor, b Length of concrete floor up to sheet pile, b1 b1/b 1 - b1/b = b/d
L = E M = D
N =
C
100 - 48 100 - 46
tf d tf d
L M M N
1.54 % 13.46 %
Correction in N =
ii) Correction due to interference of pile Correction in L due to u/s sheet pile dD 19
Depth of Intermediate sheet pile,d D = RBL - RL of bottom of u/s sheet pile Total length of concrete floor, b Distance between two piles, b' Correction in L = 19 dD
[ ]
b
D b'
13.0 ft 18.00 ft 194.66 ft 73.16 ft -1.50 %
Correction in N due to d/s sheet pile = 19 b Depth of Intermediate sheet pile,d D = DSFL - RL of bottom of d/s sheet pile Total length of concrete floor, b Distance between two piles, b' Correction in N = 19
[ ]
b
D b'
[ ]
dD
D b'
[ ]
dD b
D b'
iii) Slope correction for L for '1:3 slope, Fs bs = (crest level - DSFL) x 1/slope Distance between two piles, b1 Correction in = F L S 4.5 37.35 ft 73.16 ft 2.30 %
bs b1
L= F S
Hence Corrected L Corrected M Corrected N
bs b1
54.34 % 54 % 52.51 %
17.3 D/s sheet pile at the end of impervious floor Assume floor thickness Depth of d/s sheet pile, d Total length of concrete floor, b 1/ = d/b 7 ft 29.00 ft 194.66 ft 0.149 32 % 22 % 0%
P = E
Q = D R=C
100 - 68 100 - 78
i) Correction due to floor thickness Correction in P Correction in R ii) Correction due to interface of piles Correction in P Depth of d/s sheet pile,d D = DSFL - RL of bottom of intermediate sheet pile Total length of concrete floor, b Distance between two piles, b' Correction in P Hence Corrected P Corrected Q Corrected R = dD 19 -2.41 % 5.31 %
[ ]
b
D b'
27.88 % 22 % 5.31 %
Table: Uplift pressure at E, D, C and along the sheet piles Symbol used in Khosla cueve u/s Pile line A = 66.69% 66% B = Intermediate Line L = 54.34% 54% M = d/s Pile Line P = 27.88% Q = 22%
E D C
D C
A B K = 62.48%
L M N
52.51%
P Q R
5.31%
t f= H 100 G1
where tf = Thickness of floor in ft
= % Uplift pressure
H = Maximum differential head causing seepage G = Specific gravity of concrete a) Thickness of floor at A Assumend thickness H Thickness from uplift pressure say b) Thickness of floor at L Assumend thickness Thickness from uplift pressure say c) Thickness of floor at N Assumend thickness Thickness from uplift pressure say d) Thickness of floor at P Assumend thickness Thickness from uplift pressure say e) Thickness of floor at crest
2.4
2.5 ft 27.00 ft 12.86 ft 13.00 ft 10 ft 10.48 ft 11.00 ft 10 ft 10.13 ft 11.00 ft 7 ft 5.38 ft 6.00 ft
K L
L
Pressure at crest
Pressure at crest y
58.49 % 11.28 ft 12 ft
say
cusecs/ft cusecs/ft
cusecs/ft
Eo
(ft)
h/Eo
C'/C
(Gibson)
C'
qclear
(cusecs/ft)
Q
(cusecs)
(USWL+ho-CL)
16.23 14.49 9.43 5.21 14.47 13.14 8.01 17.13 15.41 13.30
0.77 0.76 0.85 0.68 0.45 0.54 0.32 0.88 0.88 0.94
0.810 0.815 0.760 0.920 0.950 0.930 0.980 0.730 0.730 0.470
3.08 3.10 2.89 3.50 3.61 3.53 3.72 2.77 2.77 1.79
198.8 655955.61 168.4 555619.13 84.4 278626.51 196.7 649176.95 167.8 553639.38 86.6 285743
Eo
(ft)
h/Eo
C'/C
(Gibson)
C'
qclear
(cusecs/ft)
Q
(cusecs)
(USWL+ho-CL)
d/s Floor
blench curves
cusecs/ft
cusecs/ft
cusecs/ft
cusecs/ft
epth method.
270000
216000 max min 602.75 597.46 602 597 25.75 20.46 80.00 25.00 0.612 0.080 0.504 2.06 12.98 80.00 20.00 0.864 0.115 0.585 2.35 11.97
ft 540000 155503 Min. 603.89 590.00 37.89 259 24.00 1.11 0.155 0.630 5.87 23.87 0.13 O.K
cusecs/ft
cusecs/ft
ft (block= 4'x4'x4')
ft (block= 4'x4'x4')
ft3/unit width
d2 D
9
2 1
10
0.02 2145 4645 0.05 4760 7260 0.09 7916 10416 0.02 1744 4244 0.15 13103 15603 0.06 5301 7801 0.3 26033 28533 0.43 37759 39759 Total 118260 ft 22.40 miles
orrection
Table F Conjugate depth d2 for different discharges under gated and ungated flows.
Basic Data:
Clear width of the weir section of the barrage Barrage Crest Level Ungated Discharge Ungated Discharge Ungated Discharge Theoretical velocity for gated control flow
ft ft ft ft ft
H = Z d / 2 H = Z h /2d /2
Trial 1 H (ft)
24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 15.37 16.28 16.92
Q (cfs)
50000 100000 200000 300000 400000 500000 700000 840000 950000
q=Q/b (cfs/ft)
14.88 29.76 59.52 89.29 119.05 148.81 208.33 250.00 282.74
Vth ft/sec
39.31 39.31 39.31 39.31 39.31 39.31 31.46 32.37 33.01
Vact ft/sec
33.42 33.42 33.42 33.42 33.42 33.42 26.74 27.52 28.06
d1 (ft)
0.45 0.89 1.78 2.67 3.56 4.45 7.79 9.08 10.08
d 2 / d1
9.78 6.73 4.55 4.41 3.69 3.20 1.48 1.35 1.26
d2
ft
4.96 6.86 9.37 12.12 13.68 14.97 13.36 14.43 15.18
D/S WL
674.96 676.86 679.37 682.12 683.68 684.97 683.36 684.43 685.18
EL694
Part I
Design of barrage for overflow condition
1 2 3 4 5 Minimum stable wetted perimeter Calculation of Lacey's silt factor Fixation of crest level Design of undersluices Determination of water levels and energy levels 5.1 Check for main weir 5.2 Check fo undersluices Fixation of d/s floor levels and length of d/s glacis and d/s floor 6.1 Fixation of d/s floor levels for normal weir section using blench curves 6.2 Fixation of floor levels for undersluices Fixation of d/s floor level for normal barrage section using Crump's method and determination of floor length Fixation of d/s floor length for undersluices Check for the adequacy for d/s floor levels using conjugate depth method 9.1 For normal weir section 9.2 For undersluice section Scour protection 10.1 d/s scour protection 10.2 u/s scour protection 10.3 Thickness of aprons Inverted filter design Design of guide banks 12.1 Determination of levels of guide banks Design of guide bank aprons Design of marginal bunds
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Part II
Design of barrage profile for sub surface flow condition
15 16 17 Fixation of depth of sheet piles Calculation of exit gradients Calculation of uplift pressure after applying correction 17.1 u/s pile length 17.2 Intermediate sheet pile at toe of d/s glacis 17.3 d/s sheet pile at the end of impervious floor Calculation of floor thickness
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