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UGA Math CircleMarch 07, 2013Introduction
We are going to see a cool technique to solve certain optimization problems. Are you thinking to useCalculus?
 No CALCULUS needed!Warm-up problems
1. Show that for
 x >
 0, min(
x
 + 1
x
) is 2.2. A farmer wishes to put a fence around a rectangular field and then divide the field into three rect-angular plots by placing two fences parallel to one of the sides. If the farmer can afford only 1000 yards of fencing, what dimensions will give the maximum rectangular area?
Arithmetic Mean-Geometric Mean inequality (A.M-G.M inequality)
For
 n
 positive numbers,
 x
1
,x
2
,...,x
n
x
1
 +
 x
2
 +
 ...
 +
 x
n
n
 
 n
√ 
x
1
.x
2
...x
n
For
 n
 = 2
, x
1
 +
 x
2
2
 √ 
x
1
.x
2
Can you prove the A.M-G.M inequality for
 n
 = 2?1
 
UGA Math CircleMarch 07, 2013Activity SheetNo CALCULUS needed!Problems
3. We will investigate whether a Coca-Cola can could be designed to minimize the amount of aluminumused for the volume of soda it contains.i) For a cylindrical can, closed at the top and bottom, with given volume V, find the ratio h/d of height todiameter that minimizes the total surface area A without using CALCULUS!ii) Is the problem much easier if you are given V= 12 oz.By measuring the height and the diameter of the base of a Coca-Cola can, determine whether it minimizesthe surface for the volume it contains.4. Use the Arithmetic Mean-Geometric Mean inequality to find the maximum volume of a box made froma 25 by 25 square sheet of cardboard by removing a small square from each corner and folding up the sidesto form a lidless box.Challenge: a) Use the AM-GM inequality to discuss the maximum volume of a box formed from an nXnsquare sheet of cardboard.b) Can we use the AM-GM inequality when the sheet of cardboard is 20 by 25?5. Determine the positive integer n, for which the value of 
 n
2 + 18
n
 is the smallest.6. Find three positive integers
 x,y,z
 such that their sum is 32 and
 
 =
 xy
2
z
 is maximum.7. Find the maximum of the function (1
x
)(1 +
 x
)
2
in the interval [0,1].8. I
 a,b,c,d
 are positive integers such that
 a
 +
 b
 +
 c
 +
 d
 = 2008, what is the largest possible value for
ab
 +
 cd
 +
 ad
 +
 bc
.2
 
UGA Math CircleMarch 07, 2013Activity SheetNo CALCULUS neededMore Problems
9. Use the Arithmetic Mean and Geometric Mean inequality to find the maximum area of a circular sectorwith a fixed perimeter.10. Use Arithmetic and Geometric Mean inequality to find the maximum and minimum values for
 y
 =
 x
1 +
 x
2
11. Find the minimum of 
 
(
x
) = 9
x
2
(sin(
x
))
2
+ 4
x
sin(
x
)in the range of 0
 < x < π
.3

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