International Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology (IJEET), ISSN 0976 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING 6545(Print), ISSN

N 0976 6553(Online) Volume 4, Issue 1, January- February (2013), IAEME & TECHNOLOGY (IJEET)

ISSN 0976 6545(Print) ISSN 0976 6553(Online) Volume 4, Issue 1, January- February (2013), pp. 139-144 IAEME: www.iaeme.com/ijeet.asp Journal Impact Factor (2012): 3.2031 (Calculated by GISI) www.jifactor.com

IJEET
IAEME

ADVANCED ENERGY CONSERVATION TECHNIQUES AND ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION TECHNOLOGIES & STRATEGIES
Dr. A. G. Matani Associate Professor Mech. Engg Government College of Engineering, Amravati 444 604 [M.S.] India Dr. S. K. Doifode Associate Professor Chemistry, Government College of Engineering, Amravati 444 604 [M.S.] India

ABSTRACT A huge amount of energy is wasted nationally due to sheer ignorance and lack of awareness. Nearly 25,000 MW of capacity creation through energy efficiency in the electricity sector alone has been estimated in India. Energy conservation potential for the economy as a whole has been assessed as 23% with maximum potential in industrial and agricultural sectors. Technological developments and innovations must accelerate. The costs of emerging renewable energy technologies must continue to decline to ensure the widest possible adoption. Energy conservation goes beyond using efficient products This paper highlights advancements in energy conservation and sustainable development activities implemented by various industries and educational institutes in different parts of the world Key Words: GHG emissions, Climate change, Energy audit, Energy conservation initiatives, Global energy transformation. INTRODUCTION The electric power industry is among the worlds largest consumers of fossil fuels and, as a result, largest emitters of carbon dioxide, making fuel use and fuel mix a critical concern. Power generation can result in significant negative environmental impacts such as diminishing soil, water and air quality; climate change; loss of biodiversity, in which developing countries are particularly rich; production of radioactive waste; and acid rain. Electricity companies have a responsibility to ensure the environmental sustainability of their operations. Companies need to have in place initiatives to stimulate the increase of renewable sources of energy for electricity and a long-term strategy for phasing out fossil fuels and
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International Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology (IJEET), ISSN 0976 6545(Print), ISSN 0976 6553(Online) Volume 4, Issue 1, January- February (2013), IAEME

completely switching to renewable sources of energy. In addition to increasing the use of renewable energy sources, electricity companies should also implement other strategies to reduce their impact on climate change and GHG emissions, and disclose proper information regarding their performance to the public ENERGY GENERATION CAPACITY: PRESENT INDIAN SCENARIO Table 1: Total energy installed capacity in India [up to December 2012] Sector Installed capacity in MW % share States contribution 86,405.85 40.96 Central contribution 62,886.63 29.81 Private sector contribution 61,659.24 29.22 Total 2,10,951.72 100

Table- 2: Total energy installed capacity (fuel wise) in India [up to December 2012] SN Type of fuel Installed capacity in % share MW Coal 120,873.38 57.29 Gas 18,903.05 8.96 Oil 1,199.75 0.56 Total Thermal 140976.18 66.82 Hydro (Renewable) 39,339.40 18.64 4,780.00 2.26 Nuclear 25,856.14 12.25 Renewable energy sources Under Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE), Govt. of India , New Delhi ( Renewable Energy Sources(RES) includes SHP, BG, BP, U&I and Wind Energy, Small Hydro Project ,Biomass Gasifier ,Biomass Power, Urban & Industrial Waste Power ) 100.00 Total 2,10,951.72 NEED OF ENERGY CONSERVATION Indias energy intensity per unit of GDP is higher as compared to Japan, U.S.A. and Asia by 3.7 times, 1.55 times and 1.47 times respectively. This indicates inefficient use of energy but also substantial scope for energy savings. The increasing global trade liberalization and growing global competition have made productivity improvement, including energy cost reduction, an important benchmark for economic success. Energy conservation is to monitor industrial energy consumption and to pin-point sources of wastage, An energy audit study helps an organization to understand and analyze its energy utilization and identify areas where energy use can be reduced, decide on how to budget energy use, plan & practice feasible energy conservation methods that will enhance their energy efficiency, minimize energy wastage and reduce energy costs.

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International Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology (IJEET), ISSN 0976 6545(Print), ISSN 0976 6553(Online) Volume 4, Issue 1, January- February (2013), IAEME

In order to intensify the energy conservation initiatives, the Ministry of Power has instituted "National Energy Conservation Award" given to 11 major category like Railways, hospitals, office buildings, industry, power plant, etc. covering 35 different subsectors of large and medium scale industries mainly on the basis of improvement in specific energy and energy conservation initiatives. According to notification issued by Ministry of Power, Government of India, New Delhi, under energy conservation awards, the participating units of 2010 awards have collectively invested Rs.54570 millions in energy conservation measures, and achieved a monetary savings of Rs. 21380 millions every year, implying a payback period of 31 months only, once again proving the fact that energy conservation is a least cost option. The participating units have also saved electrical energy of 2422 Million kWh of electrical energy, which is equivalent to the energy generated form a 357 MW thermal power station at a PLF of 0.775. In other words, these participating units have avoided the installation of power generating capacity equivalent to 357 MW thermal power stations in 2009-10, which would otherwise have been required to meet the power demand of these units. ADVANCED ENERGY CONSERVATION & ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION INITIATIVES BY INDUSTRIES AND INSTITUTIONS: THE WORLD SCENARIO ** Blue Star working on R & D on energy efficiency Blue Stars Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) philosophy is built on three pillars namely

Environment protection Energy conservation Community development around its facilities.

The Company is research and development efforts are primarily on energy efficiency of its products .Air, water and energy management services as well as LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) consultancy for Green Buildings have been part of its business and practices. The Company has also been contributing in the technical domain in the use of eco-friendly refrigerants in its products. Blue Star helps deserving institutions such as hospitals and colleges to save power by conducting free walk-through energy audits. ** GE driving a global energy transformation with a focus on innovation and R&D GE is driving a global energy transformation with a focus on innovation and R&D investment to accelerate the development and deployment of clean energy technology. More than 90 eco magi nation-approved products have been brought to market with revenues reaching $18 billion in 2009. GE invested $5 billion in R&D during first five years to accelerate a new era of energy innovation. The company aims to l invest $10 billion in R&D over next five years and improve operational energy efficiency by 200% by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and water consumption

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International Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology (IJEET), ISSN 0976 6545(Print), ISSN 0976 6553(Online) Volume 4, Issue 1, January- February (2013), IAEME

** Energy Efficiency Services Limited improving energy efficiency in the agricultural sector Energy Efficiency Services Limited [EESL],is a joint venture of PSUs, of Ministry of Power, Government of India, New Delhi is actively involved in improving energy efficiency in the agricultural sector. Some of the key opportunities areas included investments will be for procurement and the operation & maintenance of the agriculture pump sets , capital costs are paid by the regulator in three yearly installments directly to EESL. Capital costs include cost of energy efficient pump sets, cost of dismantling existing pump set, cost of installing energy efficient pump sets, cost of installation of protection systems, monitoring & verification and other costs. ** Government of India Implementing Encouraging Strategies - Power Generation Strategy with focus on low cost generation, optimization of capacity utilization, controlling the input cost, optimization of fuel mix, Technology up gradation and utilization of Non Conventional energy sources - Transmission Strategy with focus on development of National Grid including Interstate connections, Technology up gradation & optimization of transmission cost. - Distribution Strategy to achieve Distribution Reforms with focus on System up gradation, loss reduction, theft control, consumer service orientation, quality power supply commercialization, Decentralized distributed generation and supply for rural areas. - Regulation Strategy aimed at protecting Consumer interests and making the sector commercially viable. - Financing Strategy to generate resources for required growth of the power sector. - Conservation Strategy to optimize the utilization of electricity with focus on Demand Side management, Load management and Technology up gradation to provide energy efficient equipment / gadgets. - Communication Strategy for political consensus with media support to enhance the genera; public awareness. ** North-East Sustainable Energy Association (NESEA) incorporating sustainable and energy - efficient elements into buildings Northeast Sustainable Energy Association (NESEA) organized Annual event in conjunction with the American Solar Energy Societys National Solar Tour. Sustainable energy features were on display at private homes, businesses, public buildings, schools, farms, colleges, and nature centers. Green buildings can reduce heating costs over traditional buildings; slow the pace of global warming; reduce pollution-induced increases in asthmarelated illnesses; reduce the incentive to drill for oil and gas in pristine landscapes; and even generate surplus clean energy to power other buildings. The highlighting features included use of renewable energy, green building principles, and energy-reducing features ** Mitsubishi Electric Group offering more effective industrial cleaning processes Mitsubishi Electric is one of Japan's leaders in the development and implementation of systems for wastewater treatment in manufacturing, water purification for public
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International Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology (IJEET), ISSN 0976 6545(Print), ISSN 0976 6553(Online) Volume 4, Issue 1, January- February (2013), IAEME

consumption, and more effective industrial cleaning processes. The Mitsubishi Electric Group established Environmental Vision 2021 to contribute to the development of a sustainable society, and is advancing initiatives to achieve a low-carbon, recycling-based society such as micro-bubble technology that removes oil and other deposits without detergents or hazardous chemicals, and ozone generation technology that purifies water without chlorine. Membrane separation technology is also being put to use in high-grade industrial applications in Mitsubishi Electric's own manufacturing operations. The goal is 100% recycling of water to eliminate unnecessary wastewater, encourage water conservation and promote cost-savings CONCLUSIONS Although India ranks sixth in the world as far as total energy consumption is concerned, it still needs much more energy to keep pace with its development objectives. Most of India's megawatt potential can be captured at substantially lower costs compared to the cost of capacity additions, which currently stands at over US$1 million per MW. In order to maximize contribution to local economic development, electricity companies should first assess the local needs and determine whether new generation capacity is truly necessary or whether the demand could be met through efficiency measures and other demand-side initiatives rather than additional supply. Eco - efficiency of energy systems aims at reducing the impact on natural resources for producing goods and services. The energy intensity of production and consumption in the developed economies of the world has created a pattern of environmental stress. The transition to a low carbon economy requires major technological innovations as well as substantial changes in lifestyles and consumption patterns. The biggest challenge lies in the reduction of the resource intensity of production and the creation of enormous wastes in productive systems and consumption patterns REFERENCES [1] Anup Sinha (2012). Sustainable Development and Governance Complex Processes and Unpredictable Outcomes, IIM Kozhikode Society, Management Review, 1(1), 1120, [2] Chandrasekaran, V, Balachandran, V. (2011). Corporate Governance and Social Responsibility, PHI Publications [3] C.V.Baxi, Ajit Prasad (2009). Corporate Social Responsibility: Concepts and Cases: The Indian Experience, Excel Books India. [4] Duan Liping (2011). Analysis of the relationship between international cooperation and scientific publications in energy R&D in China, Applied Energy, 88(12), 4229-4238 [5] Nirmal Kumar C. Nair, Garimella Niraj (2010). Battery energy storage systems: Assessment for small-scale renewable energy integration, Energy and Buildings, 42(11), 2124-2130. [6] Ramachandra, T.S., Shruthi B.V.(2007). Spatial mapping of renewable energy potential, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 11(7) 1460-1480. [7] Saidur R., Islam M.R. , Rahim N.A., Solang K.H. (2010). A review on global wind energy policy, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 9(1) 1744-1762 [8] Subhadra Bobban G. (2011). Macro-level integrated renewable energy production schemes for sustainable development, Energy Policy, 39(4), 2193-2196

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[9] Zhun Yu, Songling Wang (2007). Energy Policy and Sustainability: A Case Study Applying Energy Management Contract in China, Proceedings of Energy Sustainability, June 2007, Long Beach, California USA [10] Dr. S. K. Doifode and Dr. A. G. Matani, Advanced Environment Protection Techniques By Industries: Potential For Corporate Social Responsibility Activities International Journal of Civil Engineering & Technology (IJCIET), Volume 4, Issue 1, 2013, pp. 45 - 51, Published by IAEME. [11] S. Mathana Krishnan, P. Barath, V. Manoj and M. Joseph Stalin, Energy Conservation By Improving The Design Of Cook Pot International Journal of Mechanical Engineering & Technology (IJMET), Volume 3, Issue 3, 2012, pp. 638 - 644, Published by IAEME. [12] Dr. A. G. Matani, Effective Energy Conservation Techniques in Industries International Journal of Mechanical Engineering & Technology (IJMET), Volume 4, Issue 1, 2013, pp. 74 - 78, Published by IAEME. [13] www.ge.ecomagination.com [14] http://powermin.nic.in [15] http://www.beeindia.in [16] http://peda.gov.in

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