GSM ENHANCED GPS SYSTEM

Mr.Ashish Shrivastava Galgotias College Of Engineering & Technology Greater Noida ABSTRACT-This proposed work is an attempt to design a tracking unit that uses the global positioning system to determine the precise location of a vehicle to which it is attached and using GSM modem this information can be transmit to remote user. A software package is developed to read, process, analyze and store the incoming SMS messages. If a password like SMS is sent by the owner, it automatically stops the vehicle. The purpose of this system is to design and integrate a new system which is integrated with GPS- GSM to provide following feature: a) Location information, b) Real time tracking using SMS, c) track bus driver activity d) Communication is instantaneous therefore we can receive running report quickly. It is completely integrated so that once it is implemented in all vehicles, then it is easy to track vehicles any time. KEYWORDS- Microcontroller, GPS modem, GSM modem , DC motor Noopur Sharma ( Radhika Arora (blakerads@gmail.com) Shweta Dikshit (shweta.dikshit@ymail.com) Yamini Sharma (yamini_here@yahoo.in) module consists of GPS receiver, a GSM modem and AVR processor. It can provide tele-monitoring and management system for inter-cities transportation vehicles such as taxis and buses. During vehicle motion, its real-time parameters such as location are reported by SMS message. The system takes advantage of wireless technology in providing powerful management transportation engine. The use of GSM and GPS technologies allows the system to track vehicle and provides the most up-to-date information about ongoing trips. This system finds its application in real time traffic surveillance. It could be used as a valuable tool for real time traveler information, congestion monitoring, and system evaluation. An intelligent, automated vehicle tracking system can resolve following problems such as, late arrivals to scheduled, improper use of company time and resources, unsafe driving habits, assigned routes, inefficient dispatching, and passengers dissatisfaction. This can lead to better traffic flow modelling and a better understanding of driver behaviour. This project includes various features like ingenuity, simplicity of design and easy implementation. It is completely integrated so that once it is implemented in all vehicles, then it is easy to track vehicle any time. II. HARDWARE DESIGN System contains high Performance AVR controller, a GPS, and GSM modem and overall system reside into a vehicle. A tracking system will provide effective real time vehicle location reporting .Tracking system will inform where your vehicle is and where it has been, how longer it has been there. The basic function of in vehicle unite is to acquire, Monitor and transmit the position latitude, longitude, time to management center either at fixed interval or on demand. Microcontroller unit form the heart of tracking unit, which acquires and process the position data from the GPS module. The GPS receiver of vehicle terminal receives and resolves the navigation message broadcasted by GPS position satellites, computes the longitude and latitude of vehicle coordinates, transforms it into

I .INTRODUCTION
The GPS/GSM-based tracking system is a system that makes use of the Global Positioning System to determine the precise location of a vehicle to which it is attached. Proposed design is cost-effective, reliable and has the function of accurate tracking. When large object or vehicles were spread out over ground, the owner corporations often found it difficult to keep track of what was happening. They required some type of system to determine where each object was at any given time and for how long it travelled. Also the need of tracking in consumers vehicle use to prevent any kind of theft because police can use tracking reports to locate stolen vehicle. GSM and GPS based tracking system will provide effective, real time vehicle location, and reporting. A GPS- GSM based tracking system will inform where your vehicle is and where it has been, how long it has been. The system uses geographic position and time information from the Global Positioning Satellites. The system has an "On-Board Module" which resides in the vehicle to be tracked. The On-Board

the GSM message form by GSM communication controller, and sends the message to monitoring center via the GSM network. The core of data communication about this system lies in wireless communication control terminals that uses GSM Modules to transfer long-distance data extensively and reliably. It Support instructions of AT commands. AVR microcontrollers are popular because of their Linux support and their software like AVRGCC and AVRDUDE. If you start learning with any microcontroller the cost you have to pay is the microcontroller cost+ software+ programmer. If you compute this then AVR is the best.

Fig.GPS receiver

B. GSM Technology: A GSM modem is a specialized type of modem which accepts a SIM card, and operates over a subscription to a mobile operator, just like a mobile phone.GSM (Global system for mobile) uses a process called circuit switching. This method of communication allows a path to be established between two devices. Once the two devices are connected, a constant stream of digital data is relayed. GSM networks consist of thee major systems the Switching System (SS), The Base Station(BSS) and the Mobile station(MS). The Switching system is very operative system in which many crucial operations are conducted, SS systems holds five databases with in it which performs different functions. If we talk about major tasks of SS system it performs call processing and subscriber related functions.

Fig. Block Diagram

II. RELATED TECHNOLOGY GPS Technology: The Global Positioning System (GPS) is the only fully functional Global Navigation System (GNSS). The GPS uses a constellation of between 24 and 32 Medium Earth Orbit satellites that transmit precise microwave signals that enable GPS receivers to determine their location, speed, direction, and time. A GPS receiver receives the signals from at least three satellites to calculate distance and uses a triangulation technique to compute its two dimension (latitude and longitude) position or at least four satellites to compute its three dimension (latitude, longitude and altitude) position. Therefore GPS is a key technology for giving device its position. GPS was developed by the United States Department of Defence. Its official name is NAVSTAR-GPS. It is originally used in military services but later allowed the system available free for civilian use as a common good. Since then, GPS has become a widely used aid navigation worldwide, and a useful tool for mapmaking, land surveying, commerce, and scientific uses.

Fig.GSM Modem

The network behind the GSM seen by the customer is large and complicated in order to provide all of the services which are required. The Base Station Subsystem (the base stations and their controllers).

The Network and Switching Subsystem (the part of the network most similar to a fixed network). This is sometimes also just called the core network. The GPRS Core Network (the optional part which allows packet based Internet connections). All of the elements in the system combine to produce many GSM services such as voice calls and SMS.

III. DESIGN OF THE PROJECT In this Paper it is proposed to design an embedded system which is used for tracking and positioning of any vehicle by using Global Positioning System (GPS) and Global system for mobile communication (GSM). In this Device ATMEGA16 microcontroller is used for interfacing to various hardware peripherals. The current design is an embedded application, which will continuously monitor a moving Vehicle and report the status of the Vehicle on demand. For doing so an ATMEGA16 microcontroller is interfaced serially to a GSM Modem and GPS Receiver. A GSM modem is used to send the position (Latitude and Longitude) of the vehicle from a remote place. The GPS modem will continuously give the data i.e. the latitude and longitude indicating the position of the vehicle. The GPS modem gives many parameters as the output, but only the NMEA data coming out and sent to the mobile at the other end from where the position of the vehicle is demanded. When the request by user is sent to the number at the modem, the system automatically sends a return reply to that mobile indicating the position of the vehicle in terms of latitude and longitude. The project is vehicle positioning and navigation system we can locate the vehicle around the globe with micro controller, GPS receiver, GSM modem. Microcontroller used is AT89C51. The code is written in the internal memory of Microcontroller i.e. ROM. With help of instruction set it processes the instructions and it acts as interface between GSM and GPS with help of serial communication of AT89C51. GPS always transmits the data and GSM transmits and receive the data. GPS pin TX is connected to microcontroller and GSM pins TX and RX are connected to microcontroller serial ports. Microcontroller communicates with the help of serial communication. First it takes the data from the GPS receiver and then sends the information to the owner in the form of SMS with help of GSM modem. GPS receiver is used to receive the data from space Segment (from Satellites), the GPS values of different Satellites are sent to microcontroller ATMEGA16, where these are processed and forwarded to GSM.

C. Microcontroller: The microcontroller is the heart of this device. It is the interface between the GSM module and the GPS receiver. A microcontroller is a small computer on a single integrated circuit containing a processor core, data memory, A/D converter and programmable input/output peripherals. In this device the microcontroller is programmed in such a way that it stimulates the GSM modem in message forwarding when a request is send by the user. Microcontrollers are much smaller and simplified so that they can include all the functions required on a single chip. Having them is of great use, as it has low design cost and add intelligence to the system the microcontroller used here is ATMEGA16. ATMEGA16: The ATMEGA16 is a low-power, high-performance advance RISC 8bit microcontroller with 32K bytes of in-system programmable Flash memory. The on-chip Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-system or by a conventional non volatile memory programmer. The ATMEGA16 provides the following standard features: 32K bytes of Flash, 1024 byte of EEPROM & 2KB INTERNAL S RAM ,32 I/O lines, Watchdog timer, two data pointers, two 16bit timer/counters, a six-vector two-level interrupt architecture.

fig. Pin Diagram of ATMEGA16