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DECLARATION
I the undersigned Vaghasiya Pinjas N.& Dilip Paneliya Student of f.y.m.b.a hereby declare that the project work present in this report is my own work and has been carried out under the supervision of prof. prakash sir. of c.k.pithawalla institute of management.
This work has not been previously submitted to any other university for any examination.
____________________
Pinjas Vaghasiya Dilip paneliya 98 92
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Though, the preparation of this project report is my own work, I have received help from many quarters. I am thankful to all those who helped me in caring out this work. I would like to thanks to prof.prakash sir.,for give us opportunity to make a research project. It gives me great pleasure in thanking my supervisor Mr prakash sir. Without his ever ready help, whole hearted guidance, never ending encouragement and enthusiasm, it was difficult to project to its present form.
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The main o bject ive o f t he pro ject is t o get t he fu ll k no wledge o f t he pro duct s o f t heHUL and what are t hey do ing t o get t he cu st o mer lo yalt y, t o maint ain t her e market . This is also t o find t he prefer ences o f cu st o mer and t here mark et kno wled ge a nd pro duct info r mat io n, info r mat io n abo ut t he presence o f t he r ivals o f HUL and all t he o t her o pt io ns t hey have in t he market . What are t he t echniqu es t hey ado pt to kno w abo ut t he prefer ences and chang ing need s o f t he cust o mer ? HUL are a lso lo o k ing t o t ap t he mark et in rural sect o r, so t hey also t ak ing int o co nsid erat io n t he need s and want s o f t he peo p le t here. They are also st ud ying t he co nsu mpt io n habit s o f t he ru ral peo p le. Like mo st o f t hem are dail y wage ear ners o r sma ll p easant s, so t he y ar e st ud ying t he bu ying pat t erns o f t he m also
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INDEX
TOPIC 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 DECLARATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY INDEX Introduction of HUL Buying behavior Problem Identification Literature Review Research Methodology Data Analysis and Interpretation Findings & Conclusions Bibliography Annexure PAGE NO. 2 3 4 5 6 13 19 22 24 28 47 50 52
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HUL was formed in the year 1956 by merging these three companies. HUL then slowly started its business activates in the starting of the 1900 century and after on had grown stronger.
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Hindustan UniLever Limited (HUL) is India's largest fast moving consumer goods company, with leadership in Home & Personal Care Products and Foods & Beverages. HLL's brands spread across 35 distinct consumer categories, touch the lives of two out of three Indians. They endow the company with a scale of combined volumes of about 4 million tones and sales of Rs.10, 000 crores.
The leading business magazine, Forbes Global, has rated Hindustan Lever as the best consumer household products company. Far Eastern Economic Review has rated HUL as Indias most respected company. Asiamoney has rated HLL as one of Indias best-managed companies. Leading national publications, like The Economic Times, Business World, and Business Today have also rated HUL as one of Indias most respected companies and the number one in Market Value Added and EVA.
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Some of the big brands in Soaps and Detergents are Lux, Lifebuoy, Liril, Hamam, Breeze, Dove, (all soaps), Surf Excel, Rin, Wheel (the number one detergent brand in India), Sunlight (all detergents). HLL also markets the Vim and Domex range of Home Care Products.
In the Personal Products business, HUL's Hair Care franchises are Clinic, Sunsilk and Lux; the company markets Nihar oil. In Oral Care, the portfolio comprises Close-up and Pepsodent toothpastes and toothbrushes. In Skin Care, HUL markets Fair & Lovely Skin Cream and Lotion, the largest selling Skin Care product in India; The other major Skin Care franchises are Ponds, Vaseline, Lakme and Pears. In Colour Cosmetics, HUL markets the Lakme and Elle18 ranges. In Deodorants, the key brands are Rexona, Axe, Denim and Pond's, while the Talc brands are Pond's, Liril, Fair & Lovely and Lifebuoy. Axe and Denim are HULs franchises for Mens toiletries. HUL has recently launched Lever Ayush ayuvedic Health & Personal Care Products. The company has also begun an e-tailing service, called Sangam, which can home-deliver on order by phone a diverse range of about 5000 branded and unbranded products. The service is now available in Thane, New Mumbai, the eastern suburbs of Mumbai and the Dadar area.
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BEVERAGES PRODUCTS.
HUL is one of the worlds largest packet Tea marketers. The master brands are Brooke Bond and Lipton. The sub-brands under Brooke Bond Taj Mahal, Red Label, Taaza, 3Roses are among the top brands in the country. Lipton comprises Lipton Ice Tea, Lipton Yellow Label and Lipton Green Label. The coffee business comprises Bru Instant Coffee and Deluxe Green Label Roast & Ground Coffee.
FOOD PRODUCTS.
The Kissan and Knorr Foods range comprises Spreads & Jams, Biscuit Sticks, Soups, Liquid Snacks, Squashes, Tomato Ketchup, Sauces, Puree, and Cooking Aids.
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Positive impact
It aims to make a positive impact in many ways: through its brands, its Commercial operations and relationships, through voluntary contributions, and through the various other ways in which it engage with society.
Continuous commitment
It also committed to continuously improving the way it manage its environmental impacts and are working towards its longer-term goal of developing a sustainable business.
People of HUL
Their people are central to the business. The Unilever community is shaped and led by its people, who operate creatively within a framework of shared values and business goals.
A Community
In many respects, they think of Unilever as a community, rather than an organization. This community is shaped and led by its people, who operate creatively within a framework of shared values and business goals.
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Chapter 2
Buying behavior
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2.1 INTRODUCTION
The main purpose of the each and every company to attract the customer about their product so they are creating something change according to the behavior of the customer. All the companies what to create brand positioning and image in the mind of customer. So the companies know the purchasing power of customer on bases of the buying behaviour. The customer behaviour studies how individual groups and organization select buy use and dispose of good services, idea or experience to satisfy their needs & wants. Customer buying behavior is consist of mental & physical activities which customer under take to get goods & services and get satisfaction from them.
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1. Economic Factors :
An economic factor of buying behavior is undisplinary it assumes that consumers are economic men are they follow the principle of maximization of utility based on the low of diminishing marginal utility. As economic men, consumers evaluate rationally the alternative in terms of cost and value received. They try to maximize their utility or satisfaction while spending them scarce resources of time, energy and money.
2. Psychological factors :
Psychology has contributed much to the markers to understand the buyers psychology explains how consumers learn about a product and how they can recall from the memory, the development of buying habits. This includes the following factors:
Motive:A buying motive is the reason why a person buys a particular product. It is the driving force behind buying behavior and may be based on psychological or psychological want Marketers are in rested in patronage motives such as store loyalty and brand loyalty.
Perception:Perception causes the behavior in a certain way perception influences this behavior. It gives direction to be taken by the behavior. It the meaning we have on the bases on our past dependence.
Learning:Learning refers to changes in behavior brought about by practice or experience. Almost every thing one does or think is learned. Product features such as price quality service brand package etc act as hints influencing consumer response.
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Attitude:Attitude is a state of mind or fillings it includes a pre disposition to behave in some way. Attitudes are very important in explaining buyers behavior. A change in attitude leads to change purchasing attitude and modify buyer behavior knowledge of consumer attitude can provide a good basis for improving product redesigning packages and developing and evaluating promotional programs.
Personality:In general perception attitude beliefs lead collectively to a consistent response by the individual to his environment. This consistent pattern of behavior is termed as personality its primary teachers are self-concept role and level of consciousness.
3. Social factors :
Family:Most consumers belong to a family group. The family can exert considerable influence in shaping the pattern of consumption and indicating the decision making role personal value attitude and buying habits have been shaped by family influences.
Reference group:The small group to which the buyer belongs influences buyer behavior. A human being is considered as a social animal spending much of his or her life in-group situation. Group norms direct attention of its member to a new style of a product. Social Class:As a predictor of consumption patterns marketing management is familiar with social classes consumers buying behavior is determined by the social class to which they belong or to which they aspires rather than by their income alone. Broadly speaking we have distant social classes upper, middle and lower classes consumers belonging to middle.
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Culture:A culture is as distinctive way of life of a group of people their complete design for living it is the man made part of mans environment the sum total of his knowledge. Belief morals customs. Art laws etc. It includes the attitude and values of a whole society and affects the ways in which we do things, see thing, use thing and judge things in every society culture is presents Indian culture, American culture etc.
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2.3
1) Recognition of an unsatisfied need. When a person has an unsatisfied need the buying process begins to satisfy the needs Generally the unsatisfied need leads to tension The nature of the want indicates the speed with which a person moves to fulfill the unsatisfied want which is of high pressing need On the basis of need and its urgency forms the order of pointy.
2) Identification of Alternatives. Different alternatives are available in the market the consumer must know the brand of the product which gives maximum satisfaction and the person has to search out for relevant information of the product brand location etc 3) Evaluation of Alternatives. This is a critical stage especially with regard to the costly items Consumers have different alternatives The attributes tastes color price durability etc have different preference The marketers must understand this process.
4) Purchase decision. By considering the likes and dislikes of alternatives one is about to take a decision as to buy One will consider with reference to product type price quality etc A seller can facilitate such consumers to understand the product through advertisements.
5) Post purchase Behavior. Feedback information is important as far as a seller is concerned A brand preference naturally repeats sales to a marketer A satisfied buyer is a Silent advertisement A satisfying dependence of a buyer tends to strengthen the brand preference.
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Chapter 3
Problem Identification
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3. 1
PROBLEM DEFINITION.
Problem definition is one of the most important tasks of the study. IF the problem is properly defined then it will give proper guide to us for the further study. So, it is said that the properly defined problem is a half solve. In my topic A study of consumer buying behavior for the power brand of Hindustan Unilever LTD. the basic problem is to know the buying behavior of the customers and criteria for purchasing the HUL products.
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REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Hindustan Unilever Limited is the Indian arm of the Anglo-Dutch company Unilever. Both Unilever and HUL have established themselves well in the Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) category. In India, the company offers many households brands like, Dove, Lifebuoy, Lipton, Lux, Pepsodent, Ponds, Rexona, Sunsilk, Surf, Vaseline etc. Some of its efforts were also rewarded when four of HUL brands found place in the Top 10 brands list for the year 2008 published in The Economic Times. Unilever was a result of the merger between the Dutch margarine company, Margarine Unie, and the British soap-maker, Lever Brothers, way back in 1930.For 70 years, Unilever was the undisputed market leader but now faces tough competition from Proctor & Gamble and Colgate-Palmolive.HUL is also known for its strong distribution network in India. In order to further strengthen its distribution in the rural areas and to empower the local women, HUL launched a Project Shakti in 2000 in a district in Andhra Pradesh. The idea behind this project was to create women entrepreneurs and provide them with micro-credit and training in enterprise management, which would enable them to create self-help groups and become direct-to-home distributors of HUL products. Today Project Shakti is present across 80,000 villages in 15 states and is helping many under privileged women earn their livelihood. As the per-capita income of India is increasing along with the Indian population. So, the future for the FMCG Companies is bright. To analysis the past performance& the future demand of HUL, FMCG products we have considered following points:
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We have a listed the different FMCG product lines of HUL. We have done competitors analysis in which the market share of top FMCG companies are analyzed & the market share of HULS different categories product are analyzed with comparison to its competitors. Then performance analysis is made by taking 10 year financial data from1998-2007. The profit & sales growth is analyzed We have done SWOT analysis to know the threat & opportunities of HUL in present market.
The future opportunities for FMCG products are taken into consideration by analyzing the increased per capita income & increased disposable income to forecast the future demand of HUL.
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5.1 INTRODUCTION OF METHODOLOGY. The purpose of methodology should be conducted in a sequential method. Because it helps management in deriving accurate and sound decision. It is only purposeful when the research is market consumer buying behavior of Hindustan lever limited products.
MARKETING RESEARCH Marketing research helps to know the attitude of the consumer that helps in determine the marketing opportunities and problem generate, refine and evaluate marketing action and also monitors the understanding of marketing as a process. And the information is useful for the future evaluations.
RESEARCH DESIGN Research Design is the plan structure and strategy of investigation concerned so as to obtain answer to research questions and to control variances. (1) Exploratory Research (2) Descriptive Studies (3) Causal Designs So, researcher has chosen descriptive study method because certain group such as age, sex, education level, occupation or income, a descriptive study may be necessary.
DATA COLLECTION Data collection is the process through data is collected it is basically done source data compiled i.e. primary data and secondary data in this project both primary and secondary data A. Primary Data. Primary data are those data, which are collected for the first time defining the market opportunities. Means primary data represents the present atmosphere market attitude or taste, preference of the consumer. There are following methods as under to collect primary data. (1) Experiment Method (2) (3) Observation Method Survey Method
So, researcher has chosen survey of the consumer for the questionnaire and research while filling up the questionnaires
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B.Secondary Data. Is the data which is collected through internet, magazine, newspaper, brouchers and television etc.
SAMPLING PLAN The sampling plan that is designed keeping in mind four decision Sampling unit The researcher has selected the people who live in area of varachha in surat city. Sampling types There are two types of sampling probability sampling and non-probability sampling. (A) Probability sampling Probability sampling means each unit of the universe has equal chance of getting selected. the most frequently used probability sampling methods are as below: Simple random sampling Stratified random sampling Multi-stage random sampling Cluster sampling Multi-phase sampling (B) Non Probability sampling Judgment sampling Convenience sampling Panel sampling Quota sampling The researcher has the chosen the probability sampling in simple random sampling is selected Sampling size Sampling size means limited numbers of respondents covered under the researcher study from a population Hear, the researcher has chosen sampling size of the research are 30. Sampling area Hear, the researcher has chosen the sampling area as varachha in surat city.
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DATA ANALYSIS & INTERPRETATION After all above steps are completed now the important step is data analyzing and interpretation. For this there various analytical and statistical tools. Some of tools are percentage, average, dispersion, correlation, co-efficient, etc. graphical and tabulation method are used for analysis and interpretation. PREPARE RESERCH REPORT
Once the data have been tabulated, interpreted and analyzed, the researcher has to prepare a report. The report consists of findings of the research studies and recommendations also. Report writing needs some skills, which can be develop with practice. The researcher should follow certain principles while writing a report. These principles include objectivity, clarity of ideas and use of charts and diagrams. A good research report should effectively communicate its research findings.
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Chapter 6
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Q-1 which factors you consider while purchasing the FMCG products? Option Company Image Quality Price Schemes Respondent 5 19 4 2 Percentage 17% 63% 13% 7%
Respondent
Schemes 7% Company Image 17%
Price 13%
Quality 63%
INTERPRETATION Among 30 respondent 19 respondents prefer quality is the major factor for them while purchasing the FMCG products. Analysis Majority people purchase FMCG products on Bases of quality.
C.K.Pithawalla Institute of Management, surat Page 29
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Q=2 Are you aware about the product of HUL? Option Yes No Respondent 22 8 Percentage 72% 28%
Respondent
28% No
72% Yes
INTERPRETATION Among 30 respondent 22 respondents aware about the HUL products. Analysis Majority people aware about the Hindustan unilever products.
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Q=3 from the following product categories, which brand you prefer? SHAMPOO Option Clinic plus Dove Pantene Sun silk Respondent 11 12 6 1 Percentage 37% 40% 20% 3%
Respondent
Sun silk 3%
Pantene 20%
Dove 40%
INTERPRETAION Among 30 respondent 12 respondents prefer Dove Shampoo Analysis Majority people prefer dove brand shampoo of HUL
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BATHING SOAP Options Lux Life boy Dove Pears Respondents 9 9 7 5 Percentage 30% 30% 23% 17%
Respondents
Pears 17%
Lux 30%
INTERPRETATION
Among 30 respondent 9 respondents prefer Lux bathing soap. Analysis Lux is power brand of HUL in bathing soap sector so it leads in soap market
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DETERGENT COKE Options Rin Supreme Nirma Excel Wheel Respondents 5 6 4 15 Percentage 17% 20% 13% 50%
Respondents
Rin Supreme 17% Wheel 50% Excel 13% Nirma 20%
INTERPRETATION
Among 30 respondent 15 respondents prefer wheel Detergent cook Analysis Wheel is power brand of HUL in detergent sector so it leads in soap market
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DETERGENT POWDER Options Wheel Surf excel Henko Nirma Respondents 9 5 1 15 Percentage 30% 17% 3% 50%
Respondents
INTERPRETATION
Among 30respondent 15 respondents prefer nirma Detergent powder Analysis Hear, HUL product survives because there is tuff competitor nirma which leads the market.
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COSMETICS Options Fair & Lovely Lake me Ponds Garnier Respondents 18 3 2 7 Percentage 60% 10% 7% 23%
Respondents
INTERPRETATION Among 30 respondent 18 respondents prefer Fair & Lovely cosmetics products Analysis Fair & Lovely is power brand of HUL in cosmetics sector so it leads in cosmetic market
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ORAL CARE Options Close up Colgate Pepsudent Anchor Respondents 2 21 3 4 Percentage 7% 70% 10% 13%
Respondents
Close up 7% Anchor 13%
Pepsudent 10%
Colgate 70%
INTERPRETATION Among 30 respondent 21 respondent prefer Colgate for FMCG products Analysis Colgate is power brand in oral care sector so, it lead in oral care
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Q=4 Form which sours you get regular information about H.U.L products? Options Advertise T.V Magazines Banners Hoardings Respondents 18 5 4 3 Percentage 60% 17% 13% 10%
Respondents
Hoardings 10%
INTERPRTATION Among 30 respondent 18 respondent know HUL products from T.V Advertising Analysis Majority people get information from T.V advertising about HUL products
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Q=5 Which FMCG companys advertisement you watch most? Options H.U.L Dabur P&G Other Respondents 10 8 7 5 Percentage 33% 28% 24% 15%
Respondents
Other 17%
H.U.L 33%
INPRETATION Among 30 respondent 10 respondent watch HULadvertisement the most Analysis HUL company gives very frequently advertisement thats why most of the people aware about HUL rather than Dabur, P&G.
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Q=6 Do you think that the advertisement influence your buying behavior? Options Yes No Respondents 28 2 Percentage 93% 7%
Respondent
No 3%
Yes 97%
INTERPRETATION Among 30 respondent 28 respondents say that advertisement increasing buying behavior Analysis Majority people believe that advertisement can influence their buying behavior
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Q=7 Do you think that the packaging can influence you to buy the product?
Options Yes No
Respondents 25 5
Respodent
14%
Yes No
86%
INTERPRETATION Among 30 respondent 25 respondent believe that packaging can influence their buying behavior Analysis Majority people belive that packaging can influence their buying behavior
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Q=8 According to you, which companied packaging can attract you the most? Options H.U.L Dabur P&G Other Respondents 12 5 10 3 Percentage 40% 17% 33% 10%
Respondents
Other 10% H.U.L 40% P&G 33% Dabur 17%
INTER PRETATION Among 30 respondent 12 respondent attract HUL company packaging Analysis Majority people give response attract HUL company packaging
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Q=9 Form which place you purchase your daily requisites? Options Super markets Provisional store medical store Other Respondents 9 11 6 4 Percentage 30% 37% 20% 13%
Respondents
Other 13% Super markets 30%
Interpretation Among 30 respdent 11 purchase their daily requisites from provisional stores Analysis Most of the people purchase their daily requisites from provisional stores
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Q=10 How many money you spend for FMCG product in month? Options Below-500 500-700 700-1000 Above-1000 Respondents 4 12 9 5 Percentage 13% 40% 30% 17%
Respondents
BelowAbove-1000 500 13% 17%
700-1000 30%
500-700 40%
INTERPRETATION
Among 30 respondent 12 respodent spend money for FMCG products in month
Analysis
Most of people are spend money for FMCG products while the purchasing products.
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Q=11 While Products, Do you take opinion from others purchasing FMCG? Options Yes No other Respondents 20 6 4 Percentage 67% 20% 13%
Respondents
other 13% No 20% Yes 67%
INTERPRETATION
Among 30 respondent 20 respondent take opinion from while the purchasing FMCG products.
Analysis
Majority people give response take opinion from while the purchasing FMCG products.
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Respodent
No 3%
Yes 97%
INTERPRETATION
Among 30 respondent 27 respondent satisfied with HUL products.
Analysis
Majority people give response satisfied with HUL Product.
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6.1 FINDING 72% people are aware about the product of HUL 33% respondent give response to HUL watch most advertisement from FMGC company. 60% respondent get information through the television. 40% respondent purchase the from the provision store Out of total respondent 91%people are satisfied with the product of HUL. 67% person take opinion to other while purchasing FMGC product.
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6.2 CONCLUSION
The new Hindustan Lever see an exciting opportunity for growth. They have 35 powerful brands covering all segments, with leading market positions in most. Today, these are stronger and more relevant to the consumer than ever. The people a reenergized by the scale of the opportunity and determined to seize it. The scale of the business and operations gives them the resources needed. They are delivering good services and the changes they brought in the products are well taken by the customers, by this they are generating sustainable profitable growth.
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Chapter 7 Bibliography
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Bibliography
Book marketing management, Magazine Business Today Investors India Business World Economic Times Business Standard
Website www.hul.com
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Occupation: _______________________ Education : ________________________ Q=1 Which Factors you consider while purchasing the FMCG products? Company Image [ ] Quality [ ] Schemes [ ] Price [ ]
Q=3 from the following product categories, which brand you prefer? Clinic plus [ ] Lux BATHING [ ] SOAP DETERGENT Rin Supreme COKE [ ] DETERGENT Wheel [ ] POWDER COSMETICS Fair & Lovely [ ] ORAL CARE Close up [ ] SHAMPOO Dove [ ] Life boy [ ] Nirma [ ] Surf excel [ ] Lake me [ ] Colgate [ ] Pantene [ ] Dove [ ] Excel [ ] Henko [ ] Ponds [ ] Pepsudent [ ] Sun silk [ ] Pear [ ] Wheel [ ] Nirma [ ] Garnier [ ] Anchor ] [ Other [ ] Other [ ] Other [ ] Other [ ] Other [ ] Other [ ]
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Q=4 Form which sours you get regular information about H.U.L products? Advertise T.V [ ] Magazines [ ] Banners [ ] Hoardings [ ]
Q=5 Which FMCG companys advertisement you watch most? H.U.L [ ] Dabur [ ] P&G [ ] Other--------------
Q=6 Do you think that the advertisement influence your buying behavior? Yes [ ] No [ ]
Q=7 Do you think that the packaging can influence you to buy the product? Yes [ ] No [ ]
Q=8 According to you, which companied packaging can attract you the most? H.U.L [ ] Dabur [ ] P&G [ ] Other ________
Q=9 Form which place you purchase your daily requisites? Super markets [ ] ] medical store [ ] other specify _____________
Provisional store [
Q=10 How many money you spend for FMCG product in month? Below -500 [ ] 500-700 [ ] 700-1000[ ] Above-1000[ ]
Q=11 While purchasing FMCG Products, Do you take opinion from others? Yes [ ] No [ ] specify _________
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