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Record: 1 Title: The Saved and their Saviours. A Comparative Study of the Testimonies of Sixty Jews who were Hidden by Non-Jews, 1941-1945. Authors: Source: Document Type: Subject Terms: Abstract: Usborne, C. German History; Feb1998, Vol. 16 Issue 1, p56-57, 2p Article *JEWISH children in the Holocaust *ANTISEMITISM Focuses on the study of Jewish children hidden during Holocaust period. Outline of the anti-Semitic laws, rules and decrees in Holland, Germany and Poland; Attitudes of the saviors; Description of the long-term effects on the survivors and their offspring. 482 02663554 4089230 Academic Search Complete Dissertation Abstract

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THE SAVED AND THEIR SAVIOURS. A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE TESTIMONIES OF SIXTY JEWS WHO WERE HIDDEN BY NON-JEWS, 19411945
Ingrid Kellerman-Kluger (Sheffield University, M. Phil., 1995) This dissertation deals with Jewish children hidden during the Holocaust and those who hid them. It is based on the oral testimony of sixty survivors. Its strength is in the testimony itself, the depth and intimacy of the interviews. The dissertation is supplemented by the full transcripts of the interviews. Chapter 1 gives a brief outline of the anti-Semitic laws, rules and decrees issued in Holland, Germany and Poland--thus illustrating the insidious buildup from the mild seemingly innocuous to the more oppressive, continuing on to segregation, alienation, dehumanization and finally to the annihilation of most of the Jews living in these countries. The slow build-up disguised for most people the ultimate aim--death. This may account for the fact that more people did not undertake preventive action. Chapter 2 consists of sixty abstracts of the testimonies, grouped according to the countries where the survivors were hidden, prefaced by a short resume of the German occupation of those countries to explain the timing of hiding and the degree of danger to those hiding them. Chapter 3 examines the attitudes of the saviours including their social, economic, intellectual and religious standing in order to discover the motivation for their exceptional behaviour. The attributes are listed in tables and diagrams for clarity and comparison with other research. Chapter 4 is an aggregation of the survivors' own explanations of why they went into hiding and how they managed to survive. The attributes are recorded in tables and diagrams. Chapter 5 describes some of the lasting effects on the survivors and their offspring. It refers to the difficulties encountered after the war and to the attitudes and reactions of those who did not suffer their

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ordeal. Chapter 6 compares the findings of this dissertation with those of other researchers trying to discover who the particular Gentiles were and why they risked helping the persecuted. This chapter also includes some explanations from those who themselves hid or helped Jews to survive. The findings show that there is no single trait or circumstance which identifies a person who behaves more humanely than his neighbours. From the research quoted and from the memories of the witnesses emerges the fact that those who hid Jews were usually different in at least one aspect from their community: e.g., they belonged to a different religious sect; they belonged to a different ethnic group; they were outcasts for differing reasons; they had travelled more; they lived isolated from others; a member of their family had been murdered, killed or taken prisoner of war; they were willing to risk retribution for financial gain; or they came from a home where humane behaviour had been inculcated. ~~~~~~~~ Compiled by Cornelie Usborne Copyright of German History is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use.

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