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Mineral Comminution
Presented by:
Ashish Kumar, Bala P Kamath, V V Ramarao (Speaker), D B Mohanty
Central Research & Development Laboratory,
Hindustan Zinc Limited
Introduction
Comminution in Mineral Beneficiation
is an energy hungry process. Flotation &
Filteration
Ore constituents have different thermal & mechanical properties (thermal expansion
coefficients, microwave absorption coefficients);
Microwave irradiation Differential heating of ore minerals Developing stress
Breakthrough concept for various industries that consume large amounts of energy
including mineral processing, cement etc.
MICROWAVES
Applications of Microwave
2 Zinc Roughers
8 Zinc Roughers OK-38
9 Zinc Scavengers OK-38
140
139
153
177
181 178
Pb 3-Stage Cleaning
Zn 4-Stage Cleaning
Neutralization Tank
254
247 282
Zn Conc. Stock Pile
Zn Stock Tank TAILING DAM
Microwave Experimental Work
Preparation of sample: 3 kg representative samples from plant rod mill
feed were prepared mixing ore size fraction in the range –19 mm to + 2
mm in the same size proportion as in plant rod mill feed. (minus 2 mm
size fraction discarded in accordance with previous observations)
Grindability studies: Laboratory ball mill was used for wet grinding with
3 kg sample each time at a pulp density of 60% solids (by wt); ground
material size distribution is known through wet sieving; Observations are:
o Effect of microwave on particle size distribution under water quenched &
unquenched conditions w.r.t. unexposed samples.
o Effect of microwave on work index of ore. The relative work index of the ore
was calculated using Berry & Bruce formula.
92
y = -0.9646Ln(x) + 95.346
90
88 y = -0.8184Ln(x) + 91.935
y = -0.9906Ln(x) + 92.559
86
84
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
Sieve size (in mesh)
Blank UQ AVG Q AVG Log. (UQ AVG) Log. (Q AVG) Log. (Blank)
Trend line (semi log) for average particle size distribution of R A Mine samples
under water quenched, unquenched & unexposed conditions
60
40
30
20
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Unexposed Exp osure time (min)
Effect of microwave exposure for different time intervals on work index of ore
Microwave &
Grinding Time 70
60
50
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Time of grinding (min)
times 90
– Non-irradiated 60
50
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Time of grinding (min)
fractions 90
70
60
(for same grinding time more 50
8
% increase in plant throughput
0
10 20 30 40 50
% reduction in work index
Microwave
To Flotation
Pri. Cyclone
Sec. Cyclone
Applicator
Cavity
Rod Mill
Ball Mill