GENERAL PROVISIONS OF OBLIGATIONS [ARTS.

1156-1162]
DEFINITION (vs. Contracts) [Art 1156]
a. b. c. d. Juridical Tie/ Vinculum Active Subject/ Creditor Passive Subject/ Debtor Prestation/ Object

FORTUITOUS EVENT [Art 1174]

ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF OBLIGATION

Kinds: Fortuitous/ Man, Force Majeur/ God Requisites: Independent, Unforeseen/Inevitable, Impossible to comply in a normal manner, no participation Cant Cancel when: law, stipulated, nature

[Art 1194] Loss, Deterioration, Improvement [Art 1195] Pre-payment [Art 1196] Presumption of Benefit of Both [Art 1197] Court fixes period [Art 1198] Debtor loses right of period

USURIOUS TRANSACTIONS [Art 1175] PRESUMPTIONS [Art 1176] REMEDIES OF CREDITORS [Art 1177]
A. FULFILLMENT/ SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE B. LEVY PROPERTIES C. ACCION SUBROGATORIA (ex. Collect from debtors debtor) D. ACCION PAULIANA rescind A. B. a. b.

MULTIPLE OBLIGATIONS

SOURCES OF OBLIGATION [Art 1157]

e. Law [Art 1158] f. Contracts [Art 1159] g. Quasi-Contracts [Art 1160] Characteristics: Lawful, Unilateral, Voluntary Kinds: Unauthorized management, Undue payment h. Delicts [Art 1161] Not instituted: Waived, Independent, Filed ahead i. Quasi-Delicts [Art 1162] Elements: Fault/ Negli, Damage/ Injury, Causal Rel Vs. Crime & Culpa Contractual - Table

C.

CONJUCTIVE OBLIGATIONS ALTERNATIVE OBLIGATIONS [Art 1199] Debtors Choice [Art 1200] Creditors Choice [Art 1205] [Art 1201] Takes effect when communicated [Art 1202] Loses Right When [Art 1202] Rescission When [Art 1205] Charges FACULTATIVE OBLIGATIONS [Art 1206]

DIFFERENT KINDS OF OBLIGATIONS [ARTS. 1179-1230]

PURE & CONDITIONAL OBLIGATIONS
B. A. PURE [Art 1179] no term, no condition, legally demandable at once. CONDITIONAL [Art 1181] a. Suspensive Condition b. Resolutory Condition [Art 1190] c. Potestative Condition [Art 1182] i. Depends on Debtor - void ii. Depends on Creditor - valid d. Casual Condition - valid e. Mixed Condition valid f. ETC Impossible Condition [Art 1183] Positive Condition [Art 1184] Negative Condition [Art 1185] Constructive Fulfillment [Art 1186] Retroactivity [Art 1187] Pres. Of Right & Undue Payment [Art 1188] Loss, Deterioration, Improvement [Art 1189] A. B.

JOINT & SOLIDARY OBLIGATIONS

JOINT OBLIGATIONS [Art 1208] SOLIDARY OBLIGATIONS [Art 1207]

NATURE AND EFFECTS OF OBLIGATIONS [ARTS. 1163-1178]

PRESTATIONS
A. TO GIVE a. Indeterminate/ Generic Thing b. Accessory Obligations in Determinate Thing i. Exercise with due Diligence [Art 1163] ii. Deliver the Fruits [Art 1164] iii. Deliver Accessions and Accessories [Art 1166] c. Remedies for Determinate Things i. Specific Performance (+ Damages) ii. Rescission (+ Damages) iii. Damages B. TO DO C. NOT TO DO

JOINT INDIVISIBLE OBLIGATIONS [Art 1209] DIVISIBLE & INDIVISIBLE OBLIGATIONS[Art 1223]

A.

BREACH [Liability for damages- Art 1170 ]

CAUSES a. Mora/ Default or Delay [Art 1169] No Demand when: Expressed, Nature, Useless i. Solvendi ii. Accipiendi iii. Compensatio Morae b. Dolo/ Fraud [Art 1171] c. Culpa/ Negligence [Art 1172] d. Contravention of terms of the Obligation

RECIPROCAL OBLIGATIONS [Art 1191-1192]

A. EFFECT B. COURT APPROVAL C. RESOLUTION [Art 1183] V. RESCISSION [Art 1191]

[Art 1210] - Indivisible vs. Solidary [Art 1211] - Solidary despite different terms and conditions [Art 1212] What creditors may do useful; not prejudicial [Art 1213] Cannot assign without consent of others [Art 1214] pay to any Solidary creditors unless demanded [Art 1215] Novation, Compensation, Confusion, Remission [Art 1216] Proceed against any of the solidary debtors [Art 1217] Effects of Payment [Art 1218] Effect of Payment of an Illegal Obligation [Art 1219] Effect of Remission after Total Payment [Art 1220] Remission /= Reimbursement [Art 1221] Effects of loss or Impossibility [Art 1222] Kinds of Defenses [Art 1224] Joint Indivisible obligation [Art 1225]- What are divisible and indivisible obligations

OBLIGATIONS WITH A PENAL CAUSE

OBLIGATIONS WITH A PERIOD [Art 1193]

A. B. SUSPENSIVE PERIOD RESOLUTORY PERIOD

[Art 1226] Penal Cause [Art 1227] Debtor no exemption [Art 1228] No need of proof of actual damage [Art 1229] reduce penalty [Art 1230] Nullity of penal cause or principal