SKEMA JAWAPAN KERTAS KIMIA 3 mun (4541/3) PPPA SPM 2012 MARKING SCHEME OF PAPER 3 PPPA SPM 2012

(4541/3) Question 1 (a) (i) (ii ) (iii ) Marks Description [Able to give a definition 1 The temperature at which solid turns to correctly] liquid to state the boiling point [Able 136 0C 2 correctly] [Able to explain the reasons correctly] Heat energy is absorbed and used to overcome the force of attraction between particles // Heat is absorbed to overcome the intermolecular force between molecule 2 r: ion/atomstate the process correctly ] [Able to Diffusio .1 n [Able to explain the observations correctly - Potassium manganate(VII)is made up of tiny particles - The spaces between particles in gel are smaller than in water//vice versa - Potassium manganate (VII) particles diffuse slower in gel // vice versa .3 9 Question (a) (b) (c) (d) (i) (ii ) (e) (i) (ii ) Mark Description Form complex ion/ Act as a catalyst/Form coloured ion or different oxidation 1 compound/exhibit numbers in compounds shell of atom R has already achieved stable octet electron The outermost arrangement/ Atom R has 8 valence electron 1 T2 + H2O HT + HOT1 T 1 Atomic size of atom T is smaller than atom S Strength of the nucleus/nuclei attraction to attract electron of atom T is 2 stronger than atom S Covalent 1 bond
S

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1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

...... ......

......

(b)

(i) (ii )

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

.... ..... ..... ..... ..... .....

Diagram showing correct sharing of electrons between four atoms S and 1 one atom Q with label/nucleus Correct number of electrons in each shell 2 1 Total

.....

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Question 3 (a) (i) (ii ) (b) (c) (i) (ii )

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Colourless solution turns blue // 1 Some of black solid dissolves Copper(II) sulphate 1 To ensure all acid react completely 1 Double decomposition// precipitation Pb2+ + SO42- PbSO 4 Balanced equation 1 ..... 1 1 1 1 ..... ..... .....

Correct formulae of reactants and product .2 .1 1 Lead (II) sulphate 0.5 x 20 1000 = = 0.01 mol

1 1 1

... ...

(iii ) (iv)

(v)

2From eq: 1 mol produce 1 mol PbSO4 // 4 SO 20.01 mol SO4 produce 0 .01 mol PbSO4

1 1 1 .....

= 0.01 X 303 2 = 3.03 g 0

Question 4 (a) (i) (ii ) (i) (ii ) Contact Process

Description Marks 1 1 Sulphur // oxygen// water 1 Ammonium sulphate (NH4) 2SO 4 Percentage of nitrogen = 2 14 x 2 132 = 21.21 % 2 1 1 1 1 1 Total ..... ..... ....... ...... ..... 1 x 100% 1 1 1 1 ........ ........ ......

(b)

(c)

(i) (ii ) (iii ) (iv)

Analgesic

Relieves aches and pain / reduces inflammation / reduces fever 1 Penicillin / chloramphenicol / 1 erythromycin To reduce depression / tension / 1 worry // to calm a person 0

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Question 5 (a) (i)

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[able to state the Homologous series correctly] compound P - alkene compound Q - alkane 1 1 1 1 1 ........ ........ ........

(ii ) (iii ) (iv)

[able to state the general formula of compound R correctly] CnH2n+1OH [able to state the process correctly] 1 Dehydration process

Porcelain chips Glass wool Soaked in R Heat water 1.(functional set up of apparatus, gas is collected by water displacement method) 2. correct labels 2 (b) (i) (ii ) Gas X carbon dioxide 1 [able to write a balance chemical equation] C2H 4+ 3O 2 C2H 6+ 7/2O 2

Gas P

1 1 1 1 ........ ........ ........

1 1

2CO2+ 2H2O / 2CO2+ 3H O 2

(c) (d)

[able to state observation] Effervesence occurs [able to draw the structural formula of product formed and name correctly]
H H C H H C H O C O H C H H C H H

1 1 .......

Ethyl propanoate

Total

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Question (a) (b) (i)

(ii )

(iii ) (iv)

Description Mark Heat of precipitation is the heat change when one mole of a precipitate is formed from its ion in aqueous 1 solution released The heat = mc =(50 + 50) x 4.2 x 3.5 1 =1470 J + Number of moles of Ag = (50 x 0.5) = 0.025 mol 1000 Number of moles of Cl= (50 x 0.5) = 0.025 2 mol 1000 0.025 mole of Ag+reacts with 0.025 mole of Cl -to form 0.025 mole of AgCl Number of moles of AgCl = 0.025 1 mol = x 1470 J =58 800 J 2 -1 Heat of precipitation of AgCl = -58.8 kJ mol
Energy Ag++ Cl
-

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1 .....

1 1 1

.....

...... 1 ....... 1 1 ......

(c)

H=58.8kJmol AgCl

-1

1. Label axes 2. Energy levels of reactants and products correct with formula of reactants and products 3. Heat of precipitation written 3 (d) Ag+ + Cl- AgCl 0 Total

1 1 1 1 ......1 1 ......

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Question 7 (a) (i) (ii ) J, K, Cu, L

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Marks Description 1 1 1 1 1

[Able to state the negative terminal with correct explanation ] 1. Negative terminal is K 2. Because K is more electropositive than L/above L in Electrochemical Series [ Able to predict voltage value 3 cell K/L] of 3. Voltage value is 1.80V [Able to state the factors that determine the products formed at electrode X] The type of electrode 1 [Able to explain the reactions at each electrodes] Electrode Ion attracted Half equation Observation Anode / Electrode X SO42-, OHCu Cu 2+ + 2e Copper electrode 6 become thinner Cathode/ Electrode Y Cu2+ H + , Cu2+ + 2e Cu Brown solid deposited

(b) (i)

(ii )

1+ 1 1+ 1 1+ 1

(iii )

[Able to state the product at Electrode X with correct explanation] 1. Oxygen gas is formed. 2. SO42- and OH- ions attracted to Electrode X. 3. OH- ion is selected for discharge because it is lower in position than SO42- ion in Electrochemical series. 4. Half equation : 4OH - O + 2H O + 4e 5 2 2 - Correct formula- 1 - Balance equation - 1 [Able to arrange the three metals according to their increasing electropositivity T ] he order of the three metals in ascending order of electropositivity R , P , Q

1 1 1 1+1

(i) (c)

1 electropositivity 1 increases [Able to state the strongest reducing agent with correct explanation] (ii ) 1. Q is the strongest reducing agent. 1 2. The easier the metal atom to release electron, the higher the tendency of metal to act as stronger reducing agent. 1 3. Q is the most electropositive metal, so it has highest tendency to release electron. 1 3 Total 20

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Question 8 (a) Description Marks 1. Total surface area of smaller pieces wood is larger/bigger/ greater than the bigger pieces of wood 2 2. Larger surface area of smaller pieces wood exposed to air for burnin g Substance that can alter (change) the rate of reaction but the substance itself does not change chemically .1 2H2O 2 2H2O + O 2 1. Correct formulae of reactants and product 2 2. Balanced equation
Energy

1 1 1

.....

(b)

(i) (ii ) (iii )

.....

1 1

.......

Ea 2H2 O
2

Ea 2 H2O + O
2

(i)

Axis with correct label Curve without catalyst, Ea , Curve with catalyst , E a Position energy level of reactant Label H Heat absorb during breaking of bond in the ractaant is lower than heat release during formation of bond in the product. 6. Energy content of reactant is higher than energy content of product 7 7. The reaction is exothermic 8. In the presence of catalyst/ manganese(IV) oxide provide an alternative path/ lower activation energy 9. Frequency of effective collision between hydrogen peroxide molecules increases any 7 Zn Z + 2HCl ZnCl2+ H 2 No. of mol HCl = 50 X 0.5 // 0.025 1000 Based on the chemical equation; 2 mo HCl : 1 mol H2 0.025 mol : 0.0125 mol H2 l HCl Volume of H 2 0.0125 x 24 // 0.3dm = .4

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 .....

1 1 1

.....

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(ii )

1. Pour /measure 12.5 cm3 of 1 mol dm -3 hydrochloric mun acid . 2. Add excess zinc powder 3. At the same temperature OR 1. Pour/measure 25 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm -3 hydrochloric acid 2. Add excess zinc powder 3. At the higher temperature 3

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1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ....

(iii )

Because the number of mol of hydrochloric acid used is half 1 0

.... 2

Question 9 (a) (i)

Marks Description Acid P : Nitric acid/hydrochloric acid (any strong acid) r : sulphuric Acid acid Q : ethanoic acid (any weak acid) Sample answer: 2HCl + CaCO 3 CaCl2 + H2O + CO 2 // 3 2HNO3 + CaCO3 Ca(NO3)2 + H2O + CO 2 3 3 Acid P 1. Acid P is a strong acid/Ionises completely water/ in H HCl H++ Cl 6 2. Concentration of H+is higher 3. The rate of reaction higher Zinc oxide
Zinc carbonate powder

1 1 1

.....

(ii )

Acid Q 1. Acid Q is a weak acid/Ionises partially in water/CH3 COOH 3 CH3COO-+ H + 2. Concentration of H+is lower 3. The rate of reaction lower

3+3 .....

(b)

(i) (ii)

.....

1. Functional 2. Label diagram

1 1

.....

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(c)

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Add excess mun nitric acid/hydrochloric/sulphuric acid to zinc Pass gas through lime water carbonate Lime water turns cloudy/ chalky/ shows milky the presence of CO32- io Pour solution produced into 2 test n tubes Test tube 1 6. Add aqueous sodium hydroxide until excess, 7. shake. precipitate formed and dissolves in excess NaOH, Zn2+ or Al3+ If white or Pb 2+ ions present Test tube 2 8. Add aqueous ammonia, NH3 until in excess shake. 9. If white precipitate formed and dissolves in excess NH3, Zn2+ ions present 8 0

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1 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1 Max 8

... 2

Question 10 (a) (i) (ii ) (iii )

Marks Description Magnesium, Aluminium, Y,1 Copper Iron/Tin/Lead 1 [Able to write a balanced chemicla equation] 4 Al + 3 O 2 2 Al2O3 1. Correct formula of reactants and product 2. Balanced equation 3 3. Oxidation number of aluminium increases from 0 to [Able +3.draw a labelled diagram] to Potassium Glass wool Metal manganate(VII)/ powder chlorate(V) 1 1 1

(iv)

Heat

Heat

(b)

1. Able to name potassium manganate(VII) or potassium chlorate(V) 1 2. Diagram complete and functional 3. Labels correct [Able to write the procedure] 1. A crucible and its lid is weighed and its weight is 2. recorded.length of magnesium ribbon is cleaned with sand paper and A 10 cm coiled loosely.The magnesium coil is placed in the 3. crucible. The crucible with its lid and content are weighed again and the weight is recorded. 4. The crucible is heated strongly without its 5. lid. the magnesium starts to burn, the crucible is covered with its lid. When 6. Using a pair of tongs, the lid is lifted at 7. intervals. burning is completed, the lid is removed When the the andcrucible is heated strongly for 2 minutes. 8. The crucible is allowed to cool to room temperature. 9. The crucible and its lid and content are weighed again and its weight is recorded. 1

1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

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