Mark Scheme Summer 2008

GCE

GCE O Level Chemistry (7081)

Edexcel Limited. Registered in England and Wales No. 4496750 Registered Office: One90 High Holborn, London WC1V 7BH

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Edexcel is one of the leading examining and awarding bodies in the UK and throughout the world. We provide a wide range of qualifications including academic, vocational, occupational and specific programmes for employers. Through a network of UK and overseas offices, Edexcels centres receive the support they need to help them deliver their education and training programmes to learners. For further information please call our Customer Services on + 44 1204 770 696, or visit our website at www.edexcel-international.org.uk.

Summer 2008 All the material in this publication is copyright Edexcel Ltd 2008

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Contents
Page 1. 2. 7081/01 (Paper 1) Mark Scheme 7081/02 (Paper 2) Mark Scheme 1 16

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7081/01 O Level Chemistry Mark Scheme June 2008 Question Number 1 (a) Question Number 1 (b) Question Number 1 (c) Question Number 1 (d) Question Number 1 (e) Question Number 1 (f) Acceptable Answers BaO Acceptable Answers Sulphur dioxide / sulphur(IV) oxide Acceptable Answers Potassium carbonate Acceptable Answers CH2=CH2 / C2H4 / CH2CH2 / H2C=CH2 Acceptable Answers Iron(III) oxide/ferric oxide Acceptable Answers Al2(SO4)3 Reject Reject Reject Reject Reject Reject Mark (1) Mark (1) Mark (1) Mark (1) Mark (1) Mark (1) (Total 6 Marks)

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Question Number 2 (a)

Acceptable Answers Sodium 10 2.8.6

Reject

Mark (1) (1) (1)

Question Number 2 (b)(i) Question Number 2 (b)(ii) Question Number 2 (b)(iii)

Acceptable Answers Sulphur /S Acceptable Answers Sodium/Na Acceptable Answers Neon/Ne

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1) (Total 6 Marks)

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Question Number 3 (a) Question Number 3 (b) Question Number 3 (c) Question Number 3 (d) Question Number 3 (e) Question Number 3 (f)

Acceptable Answers Phosphorus / P Acceptable Answers Iodine / I2 Acceptable Answers Oxygen / O2 Acceptable Answers Sulphur / S8 Acceptable Answers Bromine/Iodine / Br2 /I2 Acceptable Answers Argon / Ar

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1) (Total 6 Marks)

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Question Number 4 (a) Question Number 4 (b) Question Number 4 (c)

Acceptable Answers blue Acceptable Answers black Acceptable Answers green

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1) (Total 3 Marks)

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Question Number 5 (a) Question Number 5 (b) Question Number 5 (c) Question Number 5 (d) Question Number 5 (e) Question Number 5 (f)

Acceptable Answers Reduction Acceptable Answers Not oxidation or reduction Acceptable Answers Redox Acceptable Answers Not oxidation or reduction Acceptable Answers Redox Acceptable Answers Oxidation

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1) (Total 6 Marks)

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Question Number 6 (a) Question Number 6 (b) Question Number 6 (c) Question Number 6 (d) Question Number 6 (e) Question Number 6 (f)

Acceptable Answers 11 Acceptable Answers 3 Acceptable Answers 3 Acceptable Answers 2 Acceptable Answers 60 Acceptable Answers 0.01

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1) (Total 6 Marks)

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Question Number 7 (a)(i) Question Number 7 (a)(ii) Question Number 7 (b)

Acceptable Answers S2- / P3Acceptable Answers K+ / Ca2+ / Sc3+/ Ti4+ Acceptable Answers 4 single electron pair bonds correct Remaining outer electrons correct on all atoms (Second mark can only be scored if first mark awarded) (Can be all dots or all crosses)

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1) (1)

Question Number 7 (c)(i) Question Number 7 (c)(ii)

Acceptable Answers Allotropes Acceptable Answers Diamond has strong covalent bonds (between all the atoms) / each carbon atom is covalently bonded to four other carbon atoms or diamond has a rigid tetrahedral structure / is a tetrahedral macromolecule Graphite has weak forces/ van der Waals forces between layers / hexagonal rings or Graphite layers are able to slide

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject any reference to intermolecular forces scores 0/1

Mark (1)

particles slide over one another

(1)

(Total 7 Marks)

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Question Number 8 (a)

Acceptable Answers

Reject

Mark (1)

e.g. hydrogen peroxide / H2O2 and manganese(IV) oxide /manganese dioxide/MnO2 Relights a glowing splint

Question Number 8 (b)

lighted splint burns brighter Reject concentrated H2SO4

(1)

Acceptable Answers Mg/Zn/Fe and (dilute) hydrochloric acid/HCl /sulphuric acid/H2SO4 / concentrated hydrochloric acid Accept calcium and water Pops with a lighted splint / burns with a pop

Mark (1)

Question Number 8 (c)

glowing splint gives a pop

(1)

Acceptable Answers Any specified metal carbonate/ NaHCO3 / KHCO3 and (dilute) hydrochloric acid/sulphuric acid/nitric acid (accept name or correct formula) Add to lime water/calcium hydroxide (solution) turns milky/forms white ppt. /turns cloudy

Reject

Mark (1)

concentrated sulphuric acid

(1) (Total 6 Marks)

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Question Number 9 (a) Question Number 9 (b) Question Number 9 (c) Question Number 9 (d)(i) Question Number 9 (d)(ii)

Acceptable Answers 39.5 (allow 39-40) Acceptable Answers 33.5 (allow 33-34) Acceptable Answers 43 C (allow 42-44) Acceptable Answers crystals would form at the same temperature Acceptable Answers If cooled slowly, crystals would be larger / if cooled quickly, crystals would be smaller

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

(Total 5 Marks)

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Question Number 10 (a) Question Number 10 (b) Question Number 10 (c) Question Number 10 (d) Question Number 10 (e) Question Number 10 (f)

Acceptable Answers HCO3Acceptable Answers OHAcceptable Answers SO42Acceptable Answers BrAcceptable Answers NO3Acceptable Answers O2-

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1) (Total 6 Marks)

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Question Number 11 (a) Question Number 11 (b) Question Number 11 (c)

Acceptable Answers 81 Acceptable Answers (4.05/81 =) 0.05 Acceptable Answers volume = moles/concentration volume = 0.05/2 (allow t.e.) = 0.025 dm3 or 25 cm3 Answer without working scores (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1) (1)

Question Number 11 (d)

Acceptable Answers Mr (ZnSO4) = 161 mass = 161 x 0.05 = 8.05 g Acceptable Answers 14.35 8.05 (or answer in d) = 6.30 g Acceptable Answers 8.05/161 : 6.30/18 0.05 : 0.35 1:7 or Mr(ZnSO4.xH2O) = 161 x 14.35/8.05 = 287 mass water = 126 moles = 126/18 =7 or Mr(ZnSO4.xH2O) = 14.35/0.05 = 287 161 + 18x = 287 18x = 126 x=7

Reject

Mark (1)

(allow t.e.) Reject

(1) Mark (1) Reject Mark (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (Total 9 Marks)

Question Number 11 (e)(i) Question Number 11(e)(ii)

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Question Number 12 (a) Question Number 12 (b) Question Number 12 (c)

Acceptable Answers Fe2O3 Acceptable Answers carbon monoxide / CO Acceptable Answers coke / carbon reacts with air / oxygen or oxidation of coke / carbon or combustion of coke CO2 or C + O2 Acceptable Answers silicon dioxide / silica / SiO2 Acceptable Answers * limestone / calcium carbonate decomposes to calcium oxide * calcium oxide then reacts with the silicon dioxide to form slag / calcium silicate /CaSiO3 * CaCO3 CaO + CO2 * CaO + SiO2 CaSiO3 or * SiO2 reacts with limestone / calcium carbonate * to form slag / calcium silicate /CaSiO3 * CaCO3 + SiO2 CaSiO3 + CO2

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

Question Number 12 (d)(i) Question Number 12(d)(ii)

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (2)

Question Acceptable Answers Number 12(d)(iii) makes iron brittle / attacks furnace lining

Reject

Mark (1) (Total 9 Marks)

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Question Number 13 (a)(i) Question Number 13(a)(ii) Question Number 13 (b)

Acceptable Answers Some attempt to show a tetrahedral structure Acceptable Answers V-shaped Acceptable Answers Intermolecular forces in water are stronger (or converse) / molecules are more strongly attracted (to each other) in water Acceptable Answers Number of bonds 4, 2 Energy required 1652, 992, 2644

Reject If any incorrect bonding Reject If any incorrect bonding Reject If any mention of covalent bonds being broken / being stronger in water than in methane Reject

Mark (1) Mark (1) Mark (1)

Question Number 13 (c)(i)

Mark (1) (1)

Question Number 13(c)(ii)

Acceptable Answers Number of bonds 2, 4 Energy released 1610, 1852, 3462

Reject

Mark (1) (1)

Question Acceptable Answers Number 13(c)(iii) 2644 3462 = -818 (allow t.e.)

Reject if 3462 - 2644

Mark (1) (Total 8 Marks)

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Question Number 14 (a)(i)

Acceptable Answers * 24.24 / 12 : 4.04 / 1 : 71.72 / 35.5 * 2.02 : 4.04 : 2.02 or 2:4:2 1:2:1 or * 49.5 x 24.24/100 = 12 49.5 x 4.04/100 = 2 49.5 x 71.22/100 = 35.5 * divide by relative atomic masses 1:2:1 Acceptable Answers C2H4Cl2

Reject any use of atomic numbers = 0/2

Mark (1) (1)

(1) (1)

Question Number 14(a)(ii)

Reject

Mark (1)

Question Acceptable Answers Number 14(a)(iii) 24 + 4 + 71 = 99 (Allow t.e. but only if 1:2:1 ratio in (a)(ii) Question Number 14 (b)(i) Acceptable Answers

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

(1)

Question Number 14(b)(ii)

Acceptable Answers dibromoethane / 1,1-dibromoethane / 1,2-dibromoethane

Reject

Mark (1) (Total 7 Marks)

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Question Number 15 (a)(i) Question Number 15(a)(ii) Question Number 15 (b) Question Number 15 (c)(i) Question Number 15(c)(ii)

Acceptable Answers electrons Acceptable Answers ions Acceptable Answers Cu Cu2+ + 2e- or Cu - 2e- Cu2+ Acceptable Answers 9.675 9.040 = 0.635 Acceptable Answers 8.760 0.635 = 8.125 (allow t.e. from (i))

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

Question Acceptable Answers Number 15(c)(iii) 0.635 = 0.01 mole seen or implied 96500 x 2 x 0.01 = 1930 C (allow t.e. from (i) Question Number 15(c)(iv) Acceptable Answers 1930 / 386 = 5A (allow t.e. from (iii)) Acceptable Answers exactly 2 mol dm-3

Reject

Mark (1) (1)

Reject

Mark (1) (1)

Question Number 15 (d)

Reject

Mark (1) (Total 10 Marks)

PAPER TOTAL 100 MARKS

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7081/02 O Level Chemistry Mark Scheme June 2008 Question Number 1 (a) Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

all plots correct (2) [9/10 plots correct (1)] line of best fit (1) Question Number 1 (b)(i) Question Number 1 (b)(ii) Question Number 1 (c) Acceptable Answers 10 (s) (1) Acceptable Answers (15 /60=) 0.25 / (1) Reject OR 2.50 x 10-3 Answer only scores (0) (60/1000 = 0.06) Reject M1 incorrect, does not score M2/M3 Reject Penalise incorrect units Reject

(2) (1) Mark (1) Mark (1) Mark (1) (1)

Acceptable Answers M1 moles H2 = 60/24000 (1)

M2 mass of Mg = 2.5 x 10-3 x 24 = 0.06 (1) M2 dependent on the use of 24000 cm3 in M1 Question Number 1 (d) Acceptable Answers M1 increases (1) (1)

Mark (1) (1)

M2 greater surface area

M3 more (effective) collisions per unit time/

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more frequent collisions

(1)

(1) (Total 10 marks) Reject Mark (1)

Question Number 2 (a)(i)

Acceptable Answers carboxylic acid group identified (1) (circle around COOH only)

Question Number 2 (a)(ii)

Acceptable Answers ester group identified (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

(circle around OCO or OCOCH3) Question Number 2 (b)(i) Question Number 2 (b)(ii) Acceptable Answers C6H9NO5 (1) Acceptable Answers M1 mass of carbon = 6 x 12 = 72 (1) [ecf from C atoms in b(i)] 41 Reject Mark (1) Reject Mark (1) (1) Mark (1)

M2 (72 x 100)/175 = 41.14 / allow 41.1 (1) [ecf from M1] Question Number 2 (c)(i) Acceptable Answers bubbles / effervescence / fizz (1) Reject

Carbon dioxide Gas Contradiction

Question Number 2 (c)(ii)

Acceptable Answers 2H+ + C032- H2O + CO2 allow (1) mark for (1) (2)

Reject

Mark (2) or (1)

2H+ + CO32- H2CO3 or H+ + C032- H2O + CO2

Question Number 2 (d)

Acceptable Answers M1 Sweeterex / molecules / particles diffuse / molecules / particles move (through the coffee) (1) M2 (Sweeterex) molecules / particles in collision (with other molecules) (1)

Reject

Mark (1)

(1)

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(Total 10 marks)

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Question Number 3 (a)

Acceptable Answers CH2 = CH-CH3 70 (1) (1) (1)

Reject Mark (1) (1) (1)

Reject

Butene / but-1-ene

Question Number 3 (b) Question Number 3 (c)(i) Question Number 3 (c)(ii)

Acceptable Answers boiling point increases as length of carbon chain increases (1) Acceptable Answers addition / hydration (1) Acceptable Answers H H | | H-C-C-O-H | | H H (1) Structure must show the bonds but allow OH

Mark (1)

Reject Mark (1) Reject Mark (1) -C-H-O

Question Number 3 (d)(i)

Acceptable Answers CH3CH2OH + O2 CH3COOH + H2O (1) Accept C2H5OH and CH3CO2H

Reject C2H6O and C2H4O2

Mark (1)

Question Number 3 (d)(ii) Question Number 3 (e)(i) Question Number 3 (e)(ii)

Acceptable Answers oxidation / redox Acceptable Answers sodium ethoxide (1) Reject (1) (1) Reject

Reject combustion

Mark (1) Mark (1) Mark (1)

Acceptable Answers chloroethane / ethyl chloride

(Total 10 marks)

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Question Number 4 (a)

Acceptable Answers 17 and 18 17 and 20 (1) (1)

Reject

Mark (1) (1) Reject Mark (1)

Question Number 4 (b)

Acceptable Answers
35

Cl to 37Cl

3 to 1 / 75% to 25%(1)

If 35Cl and 37Cl not stated, the first number refers to 35Cl Question Number 4 (c)(i) Acceptable Answers Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2 Correct formulae (1) Balnced equation (1) Question Number 4 (c)(ii) Acceptable Answers 2Fe + 3Cl2 2FeCl3 Correct formulae (1) Balanced equation (1) Question Number 4 (d) Acceptable Answers M1 Add (aqueous) sodium hydroxide / NaOH / (aqueous) ammonia / NH3. (1) Allow M2/M3 for partially correct reagent eg OH- ion /hydroxide / alkali M2 Fe2+ gives green precipitate (1) M3 Fe3+ gives brown /red brown /orange precipitate (1) There are other possible reagents, eg acidified KMnO4 (Total 10 marks) Reject Incorrect or no reagent scores (0) (2) Reject Reject Mark (2) or (1) (1) Mark (2) or (1) (1) Mark (1)

(1) (1)

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Question Number 5 (a)

Acceptable Answers M1 hexagonal structure (minimum of 2 fused hexagons) (1) M2 layers (minimum of 2 layers) (1)

Reject

Mark (1) (1)

M2 dependent on at least one hexagon in M1 Question Number 5 (b) Acceptable Answers M1 contain delocalised electrons / electron cloud (between layers) (1) M2 (delocalised) electrons move (to carry current) (1) Question Number 5 (c)(i) Acceptable Answers exothermic because: energy of products lower than reactants / energy released (in forming bonds) is greater than energy required (to break bonds) (1) Reject Heat given out (1) Mark Reject Mark (1) (1)

Question Number 5 (c)(ii)

Acceptable Answers M1 incomplete combustion (-) 110 kJ mol-1 (1) M2 complete combustion (-) 391 to (-)399 kJ mol-1 (1) M3 both M1 / M2 shown as negative values (1)

Reject

Mark (1) (1) (1)

Question Number 5 (d)

Acceptable Answers M1 gives out less heat (1) M2 poisonous gas CO formed CO attacks haemoglobin / red blood cells forms carboxyhaemoglobin / CO causes asphyxia (1)

Reject Acid rain Attacks ozone Harmful / pollutant gas without qualification

Mark (1)

(1)

(Total 10 marks)

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Question Number 6 (a)

Acceptable Answers M1 chemical reaction / decomposition brought about by passage of electricity (1) M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 raw material identified as bauxite (1)

Reject Mark

electrolyte is purified bauxite / alumina / aluminium oxide / Al2O3 (1) (dissolved in) molten cryolite (1) (1) (1)

graphite / carbon electrodes / cathode aluminium formed at cathode Al3+ + 3e- Al (1) (1)

aluminium collects at bottom of cell / aluminium siphoned off (1)

Reject

(9) Mark

Question Number 6 (b)

Acceptable Answers M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 separation of liquids on basis of boiling point difference (1) raw material identified as crude oil / petroleum heat (in a furnace) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)

Heat in column

to vaporise / crude oil becomes vapour (vapours) pass into fractionating column

temperature gradually falls rising up the tower (petrol) fraction condenses / becomes liquid petrol collected near the top of tower (1)

(8)

Points could be scored on a labelled diagram

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Question Number 6 (c)

Acceptable Answers M1 when the rate of reaction is increased by the addition of a catalyst (1) M2 the catalyst remains unchanged at the end of the reaction / the catalyst provides an alternative route of lower energy of activation (1) M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 starting materials sulphur dioxide and air (1) (1) (1)

Reject Mark

catalyst identified as vanadium(V) oxide / V2O5 temperature 300 550 C pressure 1 3 atm 2SO2 + O2 (1) 2SO3 (1) (1)

Any other ox state of V (8)

(Total 25 marks)

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Question Number 7 (a)

Acceptable Answers M1 heat the (blue) copper(II) sulphate (in a test tube) (1) M2 M3 M4 (1) M5 colour change to white (1)

Reject

Mark

colourless liquid condenses near top of tube water collected in cooled receiver (1) turns blue / anhydrous cobalt chloride paper pink CuSO4.5H2O CuSO4 + 5H2O (1)

Addition of water to white CuSO4

(5)

Allow boils at 100o for M4 M3 could be scored for holding CoCl2 paper in vapours Question Number 7 (b) Acceptable Answers M1 M2 (1) M3 (1) M4 M5 (1) add iron to specified copper(II) salt solution (1) pink-brown / red brown solid formed / deposit Zn + Cu2+ Cu + Zn2+ / or molecular Reject Metal / oxide reactions Mark

add iron to specified zinc salt solution (1) no reaction (so iron does not displace zinc ions)

Allow for M4/M5 add Zn to FeSO4(aq), grey black solid Allow Zn and Cu in FeSO4(aq) for all marks Alternative answers: M1 add the 3 metals to dilute hydrochloric/ sulphuric acid (1) M2 copper has no reaction (1) M3 zinc and iron: effervescence /bubbles / fizz (1) M4 zinc gives faster effervescence / more vigorous M5 Zn (or Fe) + 2HCl (1) ZnCl2 (or FeCl2) + H2 (5)

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Question Number 7 (c)

Acceptable Answers M1 cotton wool pads soaked in (concentrated) hydrochloric acid and in (concentrated) ammonia (solution) (1) place pads at opposite ends of a (long) tube (1) white ring / deposit / fumes / smoke (of ammonium chloride) (1) nearer to hydrogen chloride end of tube (1) NH3 + HCl NH4Cl (1)

Reject If gases are used

Mark

M2 M3 M4 M5

(5)

Labelled diagram could score M1 to M4 If gas jars of NH3 and HCl mixed together, allow M5 only Question Number 7 (d) Acceptable Answers M1 of M2 two test tubes / flasks containing equal volumes hydrochloric acid of same concentration (1) heat one test tube / flask (1) Reject Mark

M3 add equal masses equal surface area / same amount of zinc to test tubes / flask (1) M4 M5 Question Number 7 (e) reaction in warm acid more vigorous / more effervescence (1) Zn + 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2 / or ionic (1) Reject water Mark (5)

Acceptable Answers M1 Grind / crush leaf in solvent / alcohol / propanone / acetone (1) M2 M3 M4 M5 spot onto chromatography / filter paper (1)

water stand paper in solvent / alcohol / propanone / acetone (to elute) (1) spot just above solvent (1) (5) series of spots obtained / colours separate (1)

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Labelled diagram could score M2 to M5. (Total 25 marks)

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Question Number 8 (a)

Acceptable Answers M1 M2 (1) M3 M4 M5 M6 coloured compounds / ions (1) copper (II) compounds / ions are blue /green (ignore any reference to the colour of Cu(I)) variable oxidation states (1) Cu+ and Cu2+ / Cu(I) and Cu(II) (1) form complex ions (1) diaquatetraamminecopper(II) (ion) / (1) Cu[(NH3) 4(H2O) 2] 2+

Reject oxides CuO black

Mark

(6)

(allow use as catalysts; Cu for dehydrogenation of alcohols)

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Question Number 8 (b)

Acceptable Answers M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 heat copper (1) (1)

Reject

Mark

in air / oxygen / O2 2Cu + O2 2CuO (1)

add excess copper(II) oxide (1) to (dilute) sulphuric acid / H2SO4 heat / warm (1) CuO + H2SO4 CuSO4 + H2O (1) (1) conc H2SO4 but mark on

M8 M9

filter off (excess) copper(II) oxide (1) heat filtrate to remove some water / to crystallise (1)

If precipitate of CuSO4 no further marks heat to dryness no further marks

M10 allow (remaining solution) to cool (1) M11 filter off crystals / decant (1) M12 leave to dry / dry with tissue (1) Alternative M1 add concentrated nitric acid / dilute nitric acid (1) M2 heat copper (II) nitrate (1) M3 Cu + 4HNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO2 +2H2O 3Cu + 8HNO3 3Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO + 4H2O 2Cu(NO3)2 2CuO + 4NO2 + O2 (1) (Total 25 marks) (12)

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Question Number 8 (c)(i)

Acceptable Answers M1 M2 carbon dioxide (1) CuCO3 CuO + CO2 (1)

Reject

Mark

(2)

Question Number 8 (c)(ii)

Acceptable Answers M1 water (1) M2 Cu(OH) 2 CuO + H2O (1)

Reject

Mark

(2) Reject Mark

Question Number 8 (c)(iii)

Acceptable Answers M1 (1) nitrogen dioxide / nitrogen (IV) oxide AND oxygen

2Cu(NO3) 2 2CuO + 4NO2 + O2 (1) M2 M3 all formulae correct (1) balanced equation (1) (3)

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Question Number 9 (a)

Acceptable Answers M1 M2 H2N-(CH2) 6-NH2 (1) (1)

Reject

Mark

HOOC-(CH2) 4-COOH

OH-OC-

-HN-(CH2) 6-N-C-(CH2) 4-CO| H O M3 minimum of - CH2 -N-C- CH2 | H O (1)

M4 overall correct repeating unit

(10

Allow ecf on incorrect values of x and y in M1 and M2. Allow the use of x and y in polymer structure

(4)

Question Number 9 (b)

Acceptable Answers M1 polyester (1) M2 HOOC-( M3 HO-( )-COOH / allow (C6H4)(1)

Reject

Mark

OH-OC-( OH-( )-OH (3)

)-OH / allow (CH2.CH2)-

(1)

Question Number 9 (c)(i)

Acceptable Answers addition M1 unsaturated monomer (1) M3 no other product / no mass loss (1) condensation M2 monomer(s) must have two different functional groups (1) small molecule lost / loss of mass (1)

Reject Mark

M4

(4)

Must be comparative properties to score >2 marks. Question Number 9 (c)(ii) Acceptable Answers M1 cracking (1) heat other specified catalyst Reject Mark

M2 use high temperature / specified temperature 450-900 or catalyst / zeolite / aluminosilicate / Al2O3 / SiO2 (1) M3 M4 long-chain alkane (1)

changed into (short-chain) alkane plus alkene / ethene (1) (5)

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M5

e.g. C8H18 C6H14 + C2H4 (1) any alkane to ethene + other alkane

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Question Number 9 (d)(i)

Acceptable Answers -CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2(1)

Reject

Mark (1)

must have bonds at each end and must contain 6 C atoms Question Number 9 (d)(ii) Acceptable Answers poly(ethyne) contains carbon-carbon double bonds / unsaturated whereas poly(ethene) does not contain double bonds/ contains carbon-carbon single bonds / is saturated (1) must contain a statement for both polymers. Question Number 9 (d)(iii) Acceptable Answers M1 poly(ethene) CH2 M2 poly(ethyne) CH Question Number 9 (d)(iv) Acceptable Answers Reagent (1) Bromine water or Br2/H2O Acidified / alkaline KMnO4 /potassium ONLY (1) ONLY (1) Reject Any extra formula is a contradiction. Mark (1) (1) Mark (1) Reject Mark

(1)

Reject
K2Cr2O7

manganate (VII) / permanganate

Obs with poly(ethene) (1) Obs with poly(ethyne) (1)

no reaction Goes colourless

No reaction Goes colourless / green (if alkaline)

(1) (1)

Question Number 9 (d)(v)

Acceptable Answers M1 combustion (1) M2 carbon monoxide / carbon dioxide and water / CO / CO2 and H2O (1)

Reject Mark (1) (1) (Total 25 marks)

7081 GCE O Level Chemistry Summer 2008

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