Sigmund Freud

Freud calls it as psychoanalysis; a theory of personality and a system of therapy for treating mental disorders. Stated that sexuality has more generalized psychic energy. Freud viewed human beings as prisoners or victims of past events.

Carl Jung
Theory of Personality
Jung calls it as analytical psychology.

a. first point

Jung came to disagree with Freud with the role of sexuality on the psychic energy. Second major area concerns with the direction of the forces that influence personality. Wherein Jung argued that we are shaped by our future as well as our past. Jung placed an even greater emphasis on the unconscious. Is diffuse and general life energy; as a narrower psychic energy that fuels the work of the

b. second point

Gives emphasis on the unconscious; as it was the major driving power of all level. Is more generalized psychic energy that includes sex; it is manifested by the life

c. third point

Libido

instinct that drives a person toward pleasurable behaviours and thoughts. But the life instincts that Freud considered most important for the personality is sex, which he defined in broad terms. Cathexis is an investment of psychic energy in an object or person. For example if you like your classmate, Freud would say that your libido is cathected to him or her.

personality. Unlike Freud, sex is not the most important factor for Jung.

Investment of psychic energy

Psychic value- when a person invests a great deal of psychic energy in a particular idea or felling, that idea or feeling is said to have a high psychic value. Freud calls it as cathexis, as Jung calls it psychic value.

For Freud is a rational aspect of the personality, responsible for directing and controlling the instincts according to the reality principle. Ego by Freud is located half at the pre-conscious and half on the unconscious.

EGO

For Jung is the conscious aspect of personality. Unlike Freud, Ego as indicated by Jung acts in selective way, admitting into conscious awareness only a portion of the stimuli to which we are exposed.

The higher the conflict the higher the possibility that the defense mechanism functions. For Freud, if the ego is experiencing conflict and anxiety arises, then the ego will automatically defend itself through this so called Defense Mechanism. Free Association- Freuds technique in which he lets the patient sit on a couch and let them say whatever comes to their mind. In other words, it is a kind of day dreaming out loud. Comfortably, his patients say everything to him (a technique on which, he lets his patients tell all to him, including the thoughts that is positioned on the unconscious and afterwards these unconscious thoughts will be transported into the conscious level. Dream Analysis- hes version is that, through his dreams

The higher the conflict

Jung assured that the sharper the conflict between polarities, the greater the energy produce, the greater one would be capable of reaching ones goal.

Technique

Mandala- Jung uses this in assessment. In Jungian psychology, Mandala symbolizes breaking down the original chaotic unity into 4 basic elements (water, earth, wind and fire) and then combine them into higher unity. In Jungs patients dreams and fantasies, they are recalled and describe foe him the same kinds of symbols he had discovered in ancient cultures. In conclusion, he had formulated this so called collective consciousness.

Dreams and Fantasies

He uses his dreams and fantasies as his way of

hell be able to know where conflict and anxiety comes from, because the dreams he has indicates the things which are all in his unconscious. So through his dreams, hell be able to know where conflict of anxiety comes from. Freuds term for storehouse of memories, perceptions, and thoughts of which we are not consciously aware at the moment but that we can easily summon into consciousness. We often find our attention shifting back and forth from experiences of the moment to events and memories in the preconscious. Unconscious is the larger invisible portion below the surface. This is the focus of Freuds psychoanalytic theory. Its vast, dark depths are the home of the instincts, those wishes and desires that direct our behaviour. It

escaping the reality. Whenever he has faced with problem, he would seek a solution through his dreams and visions.

preconscious

Jungs term was, personal

Unconscious; it is the reservoir of material that was once conscious but has been forgotten or suppressed because it was trivial or disturbing.

Unconscious

Collective Unconscious is Jungs term for the unconscious; the deepest and least accessible level of the psyche. Unlike the unconscious which is defined by Freud as the portion wherein our wishes and

contains the majority driving power behind all behaviours and is the repository of forces we cannot see or control. It encompasses experiences from the past events.

desires could be found which encompasses our past experiences, this collective unconsciousness pointed by Jung is the deepest level of psyche containing not just our past experiences but the accumulation of inherited experiences of human and pre-human species. Shadow archetype is Jungs term for Freuds Id; it is the most powerful archetype, which contains basic, primitive animal instincts and therefore has the deepest roots of all archetypes.

Is the reservoir for the instincts and libido (the psychic energy manifested by the ego). Is the powerful structure of the personality because it supplies all the energy for the two components. It knows only instant gratification; it is selfish, pleasure-seeking structure, primitive, amoral, insistent and rash.

Id