Annotated List of Works Consulted Primary Sources American Academy of Achievement. Jonas Salk vaccinating a child. Academy of Achievement.

American Academy of Achievement, 2012. Web. 10 Oct. 2012. This is a photo of Jonas Salk vaccinating a child. I used this photo on my website, along with the caption. This photo shows how young many of the children getting vaccinated were. American Academy of Achievement. Collection of newspapers about polio vaccine. Academy of Achievement. American Academy of Achievement, 2012. Web. 7 Dec. 2012. <http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/photocredit/achievers/sal0-005>. I used this photo and its caption in a slideshow on my webpage titled "Development of the Vaccine." This photo is helpful because it shows how important the polio vaccine was. This further proves it was a major turning point in history. Dr. Salk checks virus samples. Academy of Achievement. American Academy of Achievement, 2012. Web. 7 Dec. 2012. <http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/photocredit/achievers/sal0-018>. I used this photo and its caption in one of my photo galleries. This photo displays Dr. Salk examining virus samples. This is important because it shows how he worked when he was developing the polio vaccine. Boston Children's Hospital. Young polio victim with crutches. Npr. Npr, n.d. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. <http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2012/10/10/162670836/wiping-out-polio-how-the-u-ssnuffed-out-a-killer>. I used this photo along with part of its caption on a slideshow. This photo shows a young girl infected with polio. It demonstrates how young most of the polio victims were.

Children in field trials for polio vaccine. Academy of Achievement. American Academy of Achievement, 2012. Web. 7 Dec. 2012. <http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/photocredit/achievers/sal0-015>. I used this photo along with its caption in my slideshow on my webpage titled "Development of the Vaccine." This photo is important because it shows some children on which the polio vaccine was tested. If it werent for these children, the vaccine would not have been produced. Corbis Corporation. Polio victims kept alive by iron lungs. Science Clarified. Advameg, n.d. Web. 14 Oct. 2012. <http://www.scienceclarified.com/Ph-Py/Poliomyelitis.html>. I used this photo and its caption in the slideshow on my page about polio before the vaccine. This photo depicts polio victims kept alive by iron lungs. Many of these victims were only in elementary school. Family of Jonas Salk. Salk takes a blood sample from a woman. Academy of Achievement. American Academy of Achievement, 18 June 2010. Web. 8 Nov. 2012. <http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/page/sal0gal-1>. I used this photo and its caption on the first page of my website. This is a photograph of Jonas Salk drawing a blood sample from a woman. It shows Jonas Salk was a great doctor and medical scientist. Jonas Salk Interview. By American Academy of Achievement. Academy of Achievement. American Academy of Achievement, 2012. Web. 6 Dec. 2012. <http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/page/sal0int-5>. I used this clip and its script on my webpage titled "Development of the Vaccine." In this clip, Salk talks about the discovery of the polio vaccine. He explains that his discovery was found by setting up experiments and finding response patterns.

Jonas Salk analyzing medicine. Academy of Achievement. American Academy of Achievement, 6 Aug. 2012. Web. 7 Nov. 2012. <http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/page/sal0int1#>. I used this photo in the header of my website because it fit nicely with the other photo and quote. Plus, it shows Jonas Salk working as a scientist. This helps the viewer recognize what Jonas Salks occupation was. Jonas Salk Interview. By American Academy of Achievement. Academy of Achievement. American Academy of Achievement, 6 Aug. 2010. Web. 4 Nov. 2012. <http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/page/sal0int-1#>. I used this video clip and its script on my web page titled "Salk's Early Years". This clip provided insight to Jonas as a child. It also explained what motivated and intrigued Jonas Salk. Jonas Salk in the laboratory. Academy of Achievement. American Academy of Achievement, 2012. Web. 12 Oct. 2012. This is a photo of Jonas Salk working in the laboratory. He is holding and examining a set of test tubes. I used this photo along with its caption on the first page of my website. Jonas Salk on graduation day. Academy of Achievement. American Academy of Achievement, n.d. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. <http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/photocredit/achievers/sal0-061>. I used this photo along with its caption on my page about Jonas Salks early years. It depicts young Jonas Salk on graduation day. This photo is important because it shows how young Jonas was when he graduated. Jonas Salk receiving Medal of Freedom. Academy of Achievement. American Academy of Achievement, n.d. Web. 17 Oct. 2012. I used this photo, along with its caption, on my

timeline. This is a photo of Jonas Salk receiving the Medal of Freedom. It fit nicely with my timeline event involving Jonas Salk receiving this award. Jonas Salk Time Cover. Squidoo. Squidoo, LLC, and Respective Copyright Owners, 2012. Web. 6 Dec. 2012. <http://www.squidoo.com/jonas-salk>. I used this photo on my webpage titled "Development of the Vaccine." This photo is important because it shows that the polio vaccine was significant enough to be on the cover of Time magazine. This is because the polio vaccine saved lives and was a turning point in history. Jonas Salk with Dr. Bazely. Academy of Achievement. American Academy of Achievement, 2012. Web. 23 Dec. 2012. <http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/photocredit/achievers/sal0-014>. I used this photo and its caption in a slideshow on my website. This photo shows Jonas Salk working with another doctor. It is important because Jonas Salk wasn't the only person to work on the polio vaccine; many other scientists helped him. Jonas Salk with syringe and medicine. My Senior Moments. N.p., 26 Apr. 2008. Web. 17 Oct. 2012. <http://plakansmyseniormoments.blogspot.com/2008/04/our-remarkable-wexfordneighbor-dr-salk.html>. I used this photo on my timeline. This image depicts Dr. Jonas Salk holding a syringe and medicine. I thought this image would be a good representation of Jonas Salk because he is holding a syringe similar to the ones used for the polio vaccine. Mandeville Special Collections Library, UCSD. Jonas Salk holding tray of test tubes. The Jonas Salk Legacy Foundation. N.p., n.d. Web. 6 Dec. 2012. <http://www.jonassalklegacyfoundation.org/>. I used this photo in the slideshow on my webpage titled "Life of Jonas Salk." This photo shows Jonas Salk working in the

laboratory with a tray of test tubes. This is important because it shows how he worked and experimented. March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation. Medical personnel attending to paralyzed children. The University of Texas at Austin. U of Texas, n.d. Web. 14 Oct. 2012. <http://www.utexas.edu/features/2005/polio/index.html>. I used this photo in a slide show on my page about polio epidemics. This photo depicts children in an iron lung ward of a hospital. This photo shows the devastating effects of polio in many children. Maynard, Fred, Dr. E-mail interview. 19 Feb. 2013. I interviewed Dr. Fred Maynard through e-mail to get a better understanding of polio treatment. Dr. Maynard has met Jonas Salk on two occasions and has worked with Post-Polio Health International for over 30 years. He provided insight to polio treatment in individuals suffering with post-polio syndrome. Photo of Jonas Salk and quote. Academy of Achievement. American Academy of Achievement, 2 Feb. 2005. Web. 27 Sept. 2012. <http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/page/sal0bio-1>. I put this picture into the header my website. This photo showed what Jonas Salk looked like and added the description "Polio vaccine developer". This photo also included a quote by Jonas Salk. Salk Family. Jonas Salk with his two brothers. Academy of Achievement. American Academy of Achievement, 2012. Web. 21 Oct. 2012. <http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/photocredit/achievers/sal0-063>. I used this photo and its caption on the timeline of my website. This image shows Jonas Salk along with his brothers, Lee and Herman. This photo is important because it gives insight to Jonas Salks family and childhood.

Two polio victims with different iron lung models. Human Diseases and Conditions. Advameg, n.d. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. <http://www.humanillnesses.com/original/PanPre/Poliomyelitis.html>. I used this photo in the slideshow on my webpage about polio. This photo depicts two polio victims with iron lungs. The boy had a portable iron lung and the adult had a stationary one. These two individuals show the severeness of this disease. UPI/Bettmann. Jonas Salk and his team. Academy of Achievement. American Academy of Achievement, 2012. Web. 23 Dec. 2012. <http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/photocredit/achievers/sal0-037>. I used this photo and its caption on one of my slideshows. It shows members of Jonas Salk's team, who helped him develop the polio vaccine. This is important because it reminds the viewer that many other people helped Jonas Salk produce his life-changing vaccine. Young female polio victim in iron lung. Olenhistory. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Oct. 2012. <http://olsenhistory.blogspot.com/2010/10/polio-epidemic-of-1950s.html>. I used this photo in my web page about polio. This photo depicts a young girl in an iron lung due to polio. This photo is important because it shows the lifelong effects of polio.

Secondary Sources American Academy of Achievement. "The Calling to Find a Cure." Academy of Achievement. Ed. Hugh Esten. American Academy of Achievement, 2 Feb. 2005. Web. 21 Sept. 2012. <http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/page/sal0bio-1. This article provided general information about Jonas Salk's life. For example, I learned that Jonas Salk was originally planning to study law, but the world of medical science intrigued him more. I used some

of this information in my introduction and my impact statement. I also put several paragraphs from this page throughout my web pages. Beaubien, Jason. "Wiping out Polio: How the U.S. Snuffed out a Killer." Npr. 2012, 16 Oct. 2012. Web. 26 Oct. 2012. <http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2012/10/16/162670836/wiping-out-polio-how-the-u-ssnuffed-out-a-killer>. I read this article mostly to learn about polio today. I used some of this information in my timeline. This article explained polio eradication today and how close we've come to completely eradicating polio. Bredeson, Carmen. Jonas Salk: Discoverer of the Polio Vaccine. Hillside, N.J.: Enslow, 1993. Print. People to Know. This book provided me with a detailed background of Jonas Salk's life and how he developed his life-saving vaccine. I used some of this information in my introduction. For example, I included the statistics about the number of people infected with polio. "Discovery Timeline." Salk Institute. Salk Institute for Biological Studies, n.d. Web. 16 Oct. 2012. <http://www.salk.edu/about/discovery_timeline.html>. I used parts of the timeline in this article about Jonas Salk in my own timeline. This article provides information not only about Salk but also about the Salk Institute. This information helps the reader understand the order in which important events took place. Disposable syringe. Wise Geek. Conjecture, 2012. Web. 27 Dec. 2012. <http://www.wisegeek.com/what-are-the-uses-of-disposable-syringes.htm>. I used this photo and its caption on my webpage about how vaccines work. This photo is important because it gives a visual presentation of the syringes used for vaccines. Syringes like this one can easily be used to inject the polio vaccine.

Durrett, Deanne. Jonas Salk. San Diego: KidHaven, 2002. Print. Inventors and Creators. I read this short biography of Jonas Salk for a detailed background of his life. I learned how he grew up and became a scientist. More importantly, I learned that Jonas Salk was criticized by other scientists for taking scientific "shortcuts," like not recording his data in scientific journals. Easy Bib. Noodle Tools. Noodle Tools, 2012. Web. 18 Oct. 2012. <http://www.noodletools.com/>. I used Noodle Tools software to help me with my project. Noodle Tools Easy Bib helped me cite all of the works I consulted. I also used Noodle Tools to help me organize and keep track of my project. Front of New York University. US News: Education. U.S. News and World Report LP, 2012. Web. 28 Nov. 2012. <http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/nyu2785>. I used this photo on my webpage about Jonas Salk's early years. This is a photo of the university from which he graduated. It provides insight to Jonas Salk's education. Google. N.p., 2012. Web. 21 Oct. 2012. <http://www.google.com/#hl=en&sclient=psyab&q=definition+of+poliomyelitis&oq=definition+of+polio&gs_l=hp.1.1.0l4.1061.4635. 0.6733.19.15.0.4.4.0.220.1856.1j13j1.15.0.les%3B..0.0...1c.1.gsOzN_qMrrc&pbx=1&ba v=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_qf.&fp=47a2fcfaf4647c4e&bpcl=35466521&biw=1366&bih=643 >. I used the Google definition of "poliomyelitis" on my web page about polio. This definition is important because it gives a short background on polio. It also includes how to pronounce "poliomyelitis" and some synonyms for reference. "History of Salk." Salk Institute. Ed. Salk Institute for Biological Studies. Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 2012. Web. 31 Dec. 2012. <http://www.salk.edu/about/history.html>. I used this information in my webpage about the Salk Institute. This article explains how

Salk developed the Salk Institute to study and fight diseases like polio. This reminds the reader that, although Salk defeated polio, there are more diseases to conquer. "How Vaccines Work." National Network for Immunization Information. National Network for Immunization Information, 2010. Web. 19 Dec. 2012. <http://www.immunizationinfo.org/parents/why-immunize/how-vaccines-work>. I used this information on my webpage about how vaccines work. I think this information is important because it provides the reader with more information about the vaccines. This can help the reader more easily understand the polio vaccine as a turning point. "Jonas Salk Biography." Encyclopedia of World Biography. Advameg, 2012. Web. 5 Dec. 2012. <http://www.notablebiographies.com/Ro-Sc/Salk-Jonas.html>. I used some of this information, along with some from the American Academy of Achievement, throughout several of my website pages on Jonas Salk's life. This article provided me with a detailed biography of Jonas Salk's life. I learned where he went to school and when different events in his life took place. "Jonas Salk Quotes." BrainyQuote. BrainyQuote, n.d. Web. 12 Oct. 2012. <http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/j/jonas_salk.html>. This webpage provided me with a variety of quotes by Jonas Salk. I used several of these quotes throughout my website. For example, I used the quote: "Intuition will tell the thinking mind where to look next." on the second page of my website. Link Studio. Poliovirus infecting a nerve diagram. Whatever Happened to Polio? Smithsonian National Museum of American History, n.d. Web. 24 Dec. 2012. <http://amhistory.si.edu/polio/virusvaccine/how.htm>. I used this image of the poliovirus on my webpage about polio. This image shows how the poliovirus works. It is important

because it helps the viewer understand why the poliovirus is such a serious disease and why the polio vaccine is a major turning point in history. National Network for Immunization Information. "Polio: Understanding the Disease." NNii. National Network for Immunization Information, 2010. Web. 30 Sept. 2012. <http://www.immunizationinfo.org/vaccines/polio>. I read the information in this article to learn about how the polio virus infects nerve cells and how easily it spreads. After the polio vaccine was invented, polio decreased dramatically. I put some of this information in my introduction. Offit, Paul A., ed. "A Look at Each Vaccine: Polio Vaccine." Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Apr. 2012. Web. 20 Dec. 2012. <http://www.chop.edu/service/vaccine-education-center/a-look-at-each-vaccine/poliovaccine.html>. I used this information on my webpage about where we are now in our fight against polio. It explains that most developed countries are free of polio, due to the polio vaccine. This further proves the polio vaccine was a turning point in history. "Polio." Mama's Health. MamasHealth, 2012. Web. 21 Oct. 2012. <http://www.mamashealth.com/polio.asp>. I used most of the information on this page for my website page about polio. This article provided me with a detailed explanation of polio. This information is important because it helps the reader understand the effects of polio and why providing a vaccine for it would become a turning point in history. "Polio Today: The Battle Continues." Lauren's Space. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Dec. 2012. <http://www.teachspace.org/personal/research/poliostory/poliotoday.html>. I used some of the information from this article on my webpage about polio today. This article is useful because it explains how polio is rare in the western hemisphere due to the polio

vaccine produced by Jonas Salk. This further proves the Salk vaccine was a turning point in history. Polio vaccination in Darfur. United Nations Radio. United Nations Radio, 2012. Web. 26 Dec. 2012. <http://www.unmultimedia.org/radio/english/2011/05/focus-on-vaccineswelcomed-by-un-health-chief/>. I used this photo on my webpage about polio today because it demonstrates how children are being vaccinated against polio. This provides insight into polio epidemics today. There are no polio epidemics today in developed countries due to the polio vaccine produced by Jonas Salk. Salk starting construction. Salk Institute. Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 2012. Web. 31 Dec. 2012. <http://www.salk.edu/about/history.html>. I used this photo on my webpage about the Salk Institute. It depicts Jonas Salk helping a worker with the construction. This is important because it shows how Jonas Salk really did help with building his institute. "Timeline Life Jonas Salk." Scrribd. Scribd, n.d. Web. 17 Oct. 2012. <http://www.scribd.com/doc/73263756/Timeline-Life-Jonas-Salk>. I used most of the information from this timeline on my own personal timeline. This timeline provided information about Jonas Salk's life and many of his awards and achievements. I added parts of other timelines to mine as well.