Suspension Bridge Freyssinet Technologies

FREYSSINET SUSPENSION BRIDGES TECHNOLOGIES
Which technology have almost not changed since 70 years?
Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies
Suspension bridge cable
Freyssinet has done: more than 200 stay cable bridges and 22 suspension bridges
The start: Main suspension cable Bundle of big strands

Traditional system: Bundle of big strands
Old system, used up to 600m Low anticorrosion protection
Design life ~ 20 to 35 ans
Main suspension cable The past and now:
Traditional solutions Air spinning (USA) PPWS (Japan) Very little evolution since 1935
Golden gate
Main suspension cable Freyssinet propose 2 solutions
Freyssinet New solutions 1. Cohestrand suspension cable

Individually protected strand For span up to 500m
2. F Spinning: Freyssinet Spinning

Bundle of wire, same cross section with dehumidification Fast erection process Lower cost Very compact anchorage chamber
Main suspension cable 1.Cohestrand: Technology derived from the stay technology.
Cable system using the same Bonding Mechanical propreties Corrosion protection (no gangrene effect) Installation with light equipment Main problem to be solved: Take the longitudinal sliding force in the collar
compound
Main suspension cable 1. Cohestrand
7 wire strand 15.7 (stay type) : 1770 or 1860 MPa fatigue class 300 MPa Anticorrosion protection Galvanisation Special resin filing allowing a 7MPA shearing capacity between HDPE and steel. Outer HDPE (1,5mm)
Main suspension cable Main cable anchored with H2000 stay anchor.
Main suspension cable Multi-tubes saddle
Individual strand deviation
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Main suspension cable No bolt collar
Friction taken by conical wedges, self locking band, no bolts All strand receive equal hydrostatic pressure
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Main suspension cable 5 years testing
Checking of the collar behaviour during 5 years A shearing of 1 MPa at 70C indicate a displacement of less than 1.5mm over 100 y
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Main suspension cable Dynamic test
Dynamic test on a 19 strand bundle
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Main suspension cable dynamic test

Dynamic test simulating a hanger force
50 cycles : representing haner replacement
Force
250 000 cycles : 0.6 A(l)
Time
2 millions cycles : Bc trucks then 2 millions cycles : 0.6 A(l)
After 4,3 millions cycles (equivalent to a 50 y trafic), The collar is dismantle with no sign of wear or tear.
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Main suspension cable Sliding test

on 75 T15 collar : Strand pulling Until failure Conclusion : Sliding safety factor of 6 at SLS
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Kanne bridge (Belgique)

2nd bridge using this technology Road bridge spanning 96m. 2 x 75 strands cables
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Kanne
Prefab cable Pylon head Back stay crossing main cable Cable placed with crane
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Kanne
Clamping of collar with 3 jacks at 1000kN
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Placing of the main cable fully finished with cable collars
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Waiting for hangers
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Stressing of hangers from the bottom.
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Kanne during adjustment of hangers
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1. Cohestrand system CONCLUSIONS
Cohestrand the most durable solution Limitation at 500m main span with 2 main cables or 700m with 4 main cables A free maintenance system requiring no dehumidification perfect for medium span bridges Design life of 100 years Safety factor can be reduced from 3.5 to 2.5 since the steel has no transverse stress
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2. The F Spinning
For very long span bridges only Air spinning and PPWS have been used Cross section is the same bundle of wires Corrosion protection is poor except with dehumidification
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Air spinning
Traditional air spinning is using a wheel on a cable car. "strand shoe at Anchorage
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Air spinning
(cat-walk) access To group all wires Compact the cable
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Air spinning (USA)

Cable compaction Corrosion protection: Zinc paste placing or Dshumidification Expansive and slow system
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PPWS (JAPAN)
Launching of group of wire (127- 169) prefabricated (PWS) Pulling with winches or heavy cable car rsine ou au zinc anchorages
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PPWS
Placing of cable bundle Compaction
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New F Spinning System

The Freyssinet Spinning Freyssinet have developped and patented a new system : Special Multi 7 wires PWS + drying option in the free length No prefabrication of the PWS Anchoring by individual wedges, allowing compact anchorage chamber
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F Spinning assembly
6 galvanised wire dia.5,2 mm + 1 wire dia. 5,3 mm Equivalent to a 7 wire strand
+ X 19
Eg. One F Spinning of 133 wire include 19 quasi strand of 7 wires
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F Spinning system
On site fabrication
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F Spinning on site fabrication
Eg. 5 rows of 14x 5mm wires, on 2 parallel racks

Assembly of 19x7 wires
Wire assembled in 7 parallel wires

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F Spinning erection
Similar as PPWS : Pulling directly from wire with winches or cable car But fabrication directly during the pulling automatic No anchorage during the pulling
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F Spinning anchoring
After erection, The F Spinning is splitted in 19 strands Anchoring with Freyssinet stay jaws 19 x 7 = 133 fils, so the maximum used in PWS with no anchorage to move Anchorage up to 2000 strands. Up to 340 strands manufactured with classical equipment.
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Anchorage chamber
Anchorage could be place at the back of anchorage chamber This avoid any relay bar Chamber get more compact Tuning could be done by isotension
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Example Chiloe bridge

2 Spans of 1200m
Main cable with 9120 wire diameter 5.22mm So 1304 quasi strand" of 7 wires, so 4 x 326 strands anchorages Launching in 69 PWS of 133 wires Conclusions : Erection in 2 months (2 to 3 times less) PPWS (4 months, air spinning 6 months Anchorage reduced from (11m x 10 m) to (3m x 4m)
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Classical chamber
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FPWS chamber
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FPWS chamber
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Combinaison suspension stay cable

Example of a Tancarville bridge : Span 608m: Suspension bridge: Main cable: 3000t Combined suspension stay cable: 1500t main cable + 320 t stay cable
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6. Monitoring and asset management Advitam products for structural assessment & maintenance
Inventory, Visual Inspection, Risk Analysis and decision support, Investigation & Health Monitoring
ScanPrint
Inspection & Maintenance Database system Risk Based Inspection & Maintenance Manual
Instrumentation
Risk Based Health Monitoring Integration of traditional sensors Remote Surveillance in real time of the healthiness, behavior environmental conditions Monitoring during construction
CableScan
Control of Cable Condition
SlotStress
Stress Measurement in Concrete
FOS
Fiber Optic System
Upus
PC bars tension Measurement
SoundPrint
Acoustic Monitoring Wire detection and crack follow-up
Tensiomag
PC Strand Tension Measurement
P-wave
Inspection of concrete pipelines
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6. Monitoring and asset management Inspection & maintenance

ScanPrint : Inspection & Maintenance system Management of inventory data : description of structural stock Visual inspection Data analysis Decision and scheduling of maintenance actions : investigation and repair
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3. Maintenance and replacement Routine maintenance

Stay cables require solely inspection to meet the design lifetime Freyssinet proposes a maintenance manual Periodic visual inspection Witness strand replacement is possible (20 years) ScanPrintTM software for inspection & maintenance records
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Rion Antirion
Computerized maintenance manuals Monitoring Risk assessment
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Vasco De Gama
Computerized maintenance manuals Risk assessment
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Normandy bridge
Computerized maintenance manuals
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Confdration Bridge
Computerized maintenance manuals Risk assessment
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Parsons Transportation Group Mackinac suspension bridge 66% of time saved at second inspection
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BDS New York: bridge data system Development of a Customized Application Software for Continuous inspection follow-up of all Bridges in New 50 York City Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies
Zilwaukee bridge
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Instrumentation
Risk Based Health Monitoring Integration of traditional sensors Remote Surveillance in real time of the healthiness, behavior environmental conditions Monitoring during construction
The system detects and localizes the sounds emitted by the energy released during wire breakage
Library of acoustic signature of known events allow identification of captured noises Sensors are distributed on the structure allowing a global and continuous monitoring
FOS
Fiber Optic System
Structure Post tensioned structure
SoundPrint
Acoustic Monitoring Wire detection and crack follow-up
Cable / strand / wire
Acoustic sensor
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3. Maintenance and replacement Permanent monitoring

SoundPrintTM acoustic monitoring Detection of wire breaks
c c
SENSOR A
Wave propagation enables wire break localization

WIRE BREAK !
SENSOR B SENSOR C SENSOR D
Recalculation of safety factor
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SoundPrint allows early detection and localization of internal wire breaks And filtering of ambient noise
structure
Sensors Local DAQ Unit
net Inter
Processing center
Owner
t ne er t In
Real time Internet access
Road traffic
54 Grouted wire suspension bridges technologies Freyssinet
Cable Stayed Bridges
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Suspension Bridges
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3. Maintenance and replacement Permanent monitoring

Accelerometers placed along cables Vibration amplitude Damping assessment
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CableScan identify presence of section loss or broken wires in accessible cables
CableScan
SlotStress
Upus
Tensiomag
P-wave
Control of concrete pipelines
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Cable Scan
Corrosion
Reflected Wave
Acoustic Pulse Generator & Detector
Transmitted Wave
Magnetostriction pulse Generate high frequency (acoustic) vibrations in suspender Acoustic pulse travels up & down suspender rope Defects reflect a portion of the pulse Reflections are measured to identify the presence of section loss or broken wires
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Cable scan Inspection of G. Washington Bridge
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CableScan
SlotStress
Utrasonic tension measurement in bars. Improve and replace traditional lift off method.
l
Upus
Us
UPUS
Tensiomag
P-wave
Control of concrete pipelines
Freyssinet suspension bridges
l T61 us technologies
Collar bolt force checking UPUS
Prestressed bars in Nuclear plants
Monaco Dam Tension control on bolts of Collars on suspension bridges Lifting control
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Suspension Bridge Freyssinet Technologies

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FREYSSINET SUSPENSION BRIDGES TECHNOLOGIES

Which technology have almost not changed since 70 years?

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies

Suspension bridge cable

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies

The start: Main suspension cable Bundle of big strands

Design life ~ 20 to 35 ans

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies

Main suspension cable The past and now:

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies

Main suspension cable Freyssinet propose 2 solutions

Freyssinet New solutions 1. Cohestrand suspension cable

2. F Spinning: Freyssinet Spinning

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies

Main suspension cable 1. Cohestrand

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies

Main suspension cable Multi-tubes saddle

Individual strand deviation

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies

Main suspension cable No bolt collar

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies

Main suspension cable 5 years testing

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies

Main suspension cable Dynamic test

Dynamic test on a 19 strand bundle

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies

Main suspension cable dynamic test

250 000 cycles : 0.6 A(l)

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies

Main suspension cable Sliding test

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies

Kanne bridge (Belgique)

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies

Placing of the main cable fully finished with cable collars

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies

Waiting for hangers

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies

Stressing of hangers from the bottom.

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies

Kanne during adjustment of hangers

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies

1. Cohestrand system CONCLUSIONS

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies

Air spinning (USA)

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies

New F Spinning System

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies

Eg. One F Spinning of 133 wire include 19 quasi strand of 7 wires

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies

F Spinning on site fabrication

Eg. 5 rows of 14x 5mm wires, on 2 parallel racks

Wire assembled in 7 parallel wires

Freyssinet suspension bridges technologies