MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 6.002 Circuits and Electronics Fall 2005 Final Exam December 20, 2005 YOUR NAME: ___________________________________________________________ Recitation Instructor / TA: __________________________________________________ General Instructions: 1. Please verify that there are 22 pages in your exam booklet. 2. Please do all of your work in the spaces provided in this examination booklet. In particular, try to do your work for each question within the boundaries of the question, or on the back side of the page preceding the question. Extra pages are also available at the end of the booklet. Place the answer to each question within the appropriate answer box. 3. You may use three double-sided pages of notes and a calculator while taking this exam. For examiners use only: Problem 1 2 3 4 5 6 Total fa05_final v6.doc Points 8 12 20 20 20 20 100 Score Grader

6.002 Circuits and Electronics Fall 2005 Final Exam

Name:______________________________________

(8 points)
This problem considers the following NMOS digital logic circuit. The circuit has four inputs A, B, C, and D and one output X.

If a high voltage represents a 1 and a low voltage represents a 0, write the output X as a Boolean function of A, B, C, and D in the answer box at the bottom of this page. The truth table may be used as a guide to finding the function, but is not a requirement. A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 D 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 X

X=

Page 2 of 22

6.002 Circuits and Electronics Fall 2005 Final Exam

Name:______________________________________

(12 points)
This problem concerns the following circuit:

(A)

Assume that the network is operating in the sinusoidal steady state. Determine the response vout t to the input voltage v in t V SI cos t . Note that vout will take cos t . the form VSO

(answer box located on the following page)

Page 3 of 22

6.002 Circuits and Electronics Fall 2005 Final Exam

Name:______________________________________

vout

_______________________________________________

(B)

If the input of this network is vin and the output of the network is vout , circle only one of the following terms that best describes the filtering function performed by the network.

Low Pass High Pass Band Pass Band Stop None of the Above

Page 4 of 22

6.002 Circuits and Electronics Fall 2005 Final Exam

Name:______________________________________

(20 points)
Consider the following circuit:

There is no stored energy for t L 10 3 H C 10 7 F The excitation vi t is an impulse at t (A) 0 of area vi t t 0 ? volt seconds .

What are the values of i t , vo t , and vc t at t

i0 vo 0 vc 0 (B)

________________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ What are the values of i t , vo t , and vc t as t ?

it vo t vc t

_____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________

Page 5 of 22

6.002 Circuits and Electronics Fall 2005 Final Exam

Name:______________________________________

For the remaining parts of Problem 3, now assume that R (C) 1 Z0 10 1 L 10 C

Find the natural frequencies of this circuit (i.e. find the roots of the characteristic equation). Give numerical answers.

(NOTICE: This final answer is wrong... R = 10, not 100)

s1 = ____________________________________

s2 = ____________________________________

Page 6 of 22

6.002 Circuits and Electronics Fall 2005 Final Exam (D)

Name:______________________________________

Sketch the approximate waveform for i t . Clearly label the important features of your sketch with numerical values. Assume that R Z 0 10 .

it

Page 7 of 22

6.002 Circuits and Electronics Fall 2005 Final Exam

Name:______________________________________

(20 points)
The following circuits are driven by a sinusoidal source vi t in the steady state. On the following pages, there are six sketches of magnitudes on log-log graphs (labeled A-F) and six sketches of phase on linear-log graphs (labeled G-L) for possible transfer vo vi . For each circuit, circle the letters of the magnitude and phase functions H j plots which could represent the behavior of that circuit. Each circuit matches only one magnitude and one phase plot. Magnitude and phase plots may be reused.

Magnitude: A B C D E F Phase: G H I J K L

Magnitude: A B C D E F Phase: G H I J K L

Magnitude: A B C D E F Phase: G H I J K L

Magnitude: A B C D E F Phase: G H I J K L

Page 8 of 22

6.002 Circuits and Electronics Fall 2005 Final Exam

Name:______________________________________

(This page left blank for work Problem 4 magnitude and phase plots on following page)

Page 9 of 22

6.002 Circuits and Electronics Fall 2005 Final Exam

Name:______________________________________

Transfer function magnitude plots for Problem 4. Note: The horizontal axes in these sketches indicate zero on the log scale. You are looking for the correct approximate shape of the plot; do not worry about the frequency scale along the horizontal axes. The vertical scales may differ among sketches.

Page 10 of 22

6.002 Circuits and Electronics Fall 2005 Final Exam

Name:______________________________________

Transfer function phase plots for Problem 4. Note: The horizontal axes in these sketches indicate zero phase angles. You are looking for the correct approximate shape of the plot; do not worry about the frequency scale along the horizontal axes. The vertical scale may differ among sketches. Recall that one may shift phase angles by multiples of 360 without changing the result.

Page 11 of 22

6.002 Circuits and Electronics Fall 2005 Final Exam

Name:______________________________________

(20 points)
The circuit symbol for the exponentially acting transistor, or EXPAT for short, is drawn to the right. The voltage v KT between the Knob, K, and the Thingamijig, T, is the input voltage and it controls the current iW between the Whatchamacallit, W, and the Thingamajig, T. The equations relating the input current, i K , and the output current, iW , to the input and output voltages, v KT and vWT , respectively are the following: iK IM 1 e
v KT VM

for v KT

0 , and iW

0 GM v KT 1 e
vWT VM

for v KT for v KT

0, vWT 0, vWT

0 0

These relationships are drawn below for v KT 0 , and vWT 3 V for an EXPAT for which I M 0.1 mA , VM 0.5 V , and GM 4 mS . The asymptotic values of the curves at large voltages are indicated, and a one volt increment has been used when plotting the family of iW curves. vKT = 3V

vKT = 2V vKT = 1V

Page 12 of 22

6.002 Circuits and Electronics Fall 2005 Final Exam (A)

Name:______________________________________

In general the small signal linear equivalent circuit for a three-terminal transistor like the EXPAT has four elements and can be represented by the following circuit.

Find expressions for the four small-signal elements g i , g r , g m , and g o for a bias point VKT , VWT , where VKT 0 and VWT 0 . g i , g r , g m , and g o all have units of conductance. Be sure to indicate the differential relationship you are using to determine each element, as well as the elements value expressed in terms of the device and bias point parameters.

(answer box located on the following page) Page 13 of 22

6.002 Circuits and Electronics Fall 2005 Final Exam

Name:______________________________________

gi = _____________________________________ for VKT > 0 V and VWT > 0 V gr = _____________________________________ for VKT > 0 V and VWT > 0 V gm = _____________________________________ for VKT > 0 V and VWT > 0 V go = _____________________________________ for VKT > 0 V and VWT > 0 V

Page 14 of 22

6.002 Circuits and Electronics Fall 2005 Final Exam

Name:______________________________________

For the remaining parts of Problem 5, consider the common-Thingamajig amplifier shown below.

(B)

In the space below, sketch the small signal linear equivalent circuit for this amplifier for a bias point VKT , VWT , where VKT 0 and VWT 0 . For this part, assume that the model of part (A) has known parameters, in which g i , g m , and g o are finite and non-zero, and g r 0 . (Note: This is not necessarily correct for your answers in part (A)).

Page 15 of 22

6.002 Circuits and Electronics Fall 2005 Final Exam (C)

Name:______________________________________

Find an expression for the small signal voltage gain, Av vout vin , of this amplifier for a bias point VKT , VWT , where VKT 0 and VWT 0 . Express your answer in terms of R I , g i , g r , g m , g o , and RW .

Av = _______________________________________________________

Page 16 of 22

6.002 Circuits and Electronics Fall 2005 Final Exam

Name:______________________________________

(20 points)
Consider the following circuit for parts (A) and (B). You may treat the op-amps in the circuit as ideal ( i 0 , i 0 , and op-amp gain is infinite).

(A)

Find an expression for v X in terms of v IN .

v X = ______________________________________________________

Page 18 of 22

6.002 Circuits and Electronics Fall 2005 Final Exam (B)

Name:______________________________________

Find the input impedance at the port indicated by Z IN . Also, provide a brief description of what the circuit does.

ZIN = ______________________________________________________ Circuit Function:_____________________________________________

Page 19 of 22

6.002 Circuits and Electronics Fall 2005 Final Exam

Name:______________________________________

For the remainder of Problem 6, consider the circuit below. For simplicity, we will consider a simplified model of the diodes shown to the right in which the diode is either off ( v D VF , i D 0 ), or on ( v D VF , i D 0 ), where VF 0.6 V . You may treat the op-amp as ideal ( i 0 , i 0 , and op-amp gain is infinite).

iD Diode on VF Diode off vD

(C)

In the answer box below, circle the appropriate diode states for the two cases: vin 0 and vin 0 .

for vIN < 0 (circle one combination) for vIN > 0 (circle one combination)

D1 OFF D2 OFF D1 OFF D2 OFF

D1 ON D2 OFF D1 ON D2 OFF

D1 OFF D2 ON D1 OFF D2 ON

D1 ON D2 ON D1 ON D2 ON

Page 20 of 22

6.002 Circuits and Electronics Fall 2005 Final Exam (D)

Name:______________________________________

Find and plot the input vs. output transfer relation for the circuit. Clearly label your graph.

vout

vin

Page 21 of 22