A guide to the application of CESMM-SA

Draft July 2010

ice-sa

A joint initiative of the Institution of Civil Engineers and South African Institution of Civil Engineering

Foreword
The first edition of the Standard Method of Measurement of Civil Engineering Quantities was published in 1960 by the South African Institution of Civil Engineers (SAICE), the South African Association of Consulting Engineers (SAACE) and the South African Federation of Civil Engineering Contractors (SAFCEC). This document was based on the 1933 and 1953 editions of the equivalent document published by the Institution of Civil Engineers (London). The first edition was revised in 1969, because of impending metrication and the 1969 edition was revised in 1973 to eliminate certain unsatisfactory features which it contained. A third edition was published in 1979. The measurement and payment clauses of SABS 1200 Standardized Specification for Civil Engineering Construction which was published in 1979 are based on CEQ73. Guidance on the application of this system was provided in SABS 0120, Code of Practice for use with Standardized Specifications for Civil Engineering Construction and Contract Documentation. The measurement and payment clauses of the Committee of Land Transport Officials (COLTO) Standard Specification for Road and Bridge Works for State Road Authorities built upon and expanded the system of measurement contained in the SABS 1200 Standardized Specification for Civil Engineering Construction. SAICE published Civil engineering quantities 1990 in 1990 as a successor to the Standard System of Measurement of Civil Engineering Construction Contracts. The Green Paper on Public Sector Procurement Reform in South Africa which was published in 1997 proposed that there should be a complete separation in contract documentation between conditions of tender, conditions of contract, specifications and terms of payment (including methods of measurement). This proposal set the framework for procurement reform in the area of procurement documentation and led to the publication of SANS 10403, Formatting and compilation of construction procurement 1 documents, in 2003 and the Construction Industry Development Boards Standard for Uniformity in Construction Procurement in 2004. The successor to the SABS series of standardized specifications, namely SANS 1921, Construction and management requirements for works contracts, and SANS 2001, Construction works, is based on this green paper principle and make no reference to measurement and payment. There is accordingly a need for a standard method of measurement that is independent to the conditions of contract that is used or the specifications for the works. The first edition of the civil engineering standard method of measurement (CESMM) was published in 1976. The second edition, CESMM2, was published in 1985 to keep pace with new technology, particularly in the site investigation and geotechnical processes, and to secure better compatibility with building measurement practice with the introduction of SMM7, Standard Method of Measurement of . Building Works . The third edition, CESMM-SA, was published in 1991 to align the system with the sixth edition of the ICE Conditions of Contract. CESMM-SA is a logical choice as a successor to the current system of measurement embedded in SABS 1200 as it is a document founded on the same thinking and philosophy as the system that has evolved in South Africa. It is widely used in Africa and is well understood by the international community. It is a well tried and tested document that is adequately supported by a range of comprehensive handbooks and texts (see Appendix A).

1 ISO/FDIS 10845-2, Construction procurement - Part 2: Formatting and compilation of procurement documentation, reflects the same approach as that in SANS 10403 and the 2008 edition of the CIDBs Standard for Uniformity in Construction Procurement..

CESMM-SA is a southern African version of CESMM-SA, tailored to suite regional practices, where use is made of the both local and international conditions of contract, and aligned with the approach to the formatting and compiling of procurement documents in accordance with the requirements of ISO/FDIS 10845-2. This publication: introduces the reader to the philosophy and thinking behind CESMM-SA; and highlights the differences between the current system as embodied in Civil Engineering Quantities 1990 and the SABS 1200 standardised specifications.

This publication does not replace CESMM-SA in any way; nor does it purport to be a handbook on the subject. It is merely a guide to the application of CESMM-SA.

Dr Ron Watermeyer
FSAICE, FIStructE, FICE

Contributors and reviewers This guide was drafted by Peter Becker and Ron Watermeyer for the ICE-SA in consultation with the following reviewers:

Contents
1 An introduction to CESMM-SA.......................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Scope of CESMM-SA ............................................................................................................... 1 1.2 The philosophy behind CESMM-SA .......................................................................................... 1 1.3 Work Classification ................................................................................................................... 1 2 Terminology used in CESMM-SA ..................................................................................................... 5 2.1 Terms as defined in CESMM-SA .............................................................................................. 5 2.2 Terms excluded from use by CESMM-SA ................................................................................. 5 2.3 Terms used in CESMM-SA ....................................................................................................... 6 3 Differences between CESMM-SA and Civil engineering quantities 1990 ........................................... 7 3.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 7 3.2 General items - Class A ............................................................................................................ 8 3.3 Ground investigation - Class B .................................................................................................. 9 3.4 Geotechnical and other specialist processes - Class C ........................................................... 10 3.6 Earthworks Class E ............................................................................................................. 11 3.7 Concrete work ........................................................................................................................ 15 3.8 Pipework ................................................................................................................................ 18 3.9 Metalwork ............................................................................................................................... 23 3.10 Timber Class O.................................................................................................................... 24 3.11 Piling work .............................................................................................................................. 24 3.12 Roads and paving Class R................................................................................................... 25 3.13 Rail track Class S ................................................................................................................ 26 3.14 Tunnels Class T................................................................................................................... 26 3.15 Brickwork, blockwork and masonry Class U ......................................................................... 27 3.16 Painting Class V .................................................................................................................. 27 3.17 Waterproofing Class W ........................................................................................................ 28 3.18 Miscellaneous work Class X ................................................................................................ 28 3.19 Sewer and water main renovation and ancillary works Class Y............................................. 28 3.20 Simple building works incidental to civil engineering works Class Z ...................................... 29 4 Application of SABS 1200 Series of Standardized Specifications to CESMM-SA ............................ 30 4.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 30 4.2 SABS 1200 A - General .......................................................................................................... 30 4.3 SABS 1200 AA - General (small works) .................................................................................. 30 4.4 SABS 1200 AB - Engineers office .......................................................................................... 30 4.5 SABS 1200 AD - General (small dams)................................................................................... 30 4.6 SABS 1200 AH - General (structural) ...................................................................................... 30 4.7 SABS 1200 C - Site clearance ................................................................................................ 30 4.8 SABS 1200 D - Earthworks ..................................................................................................... 31 4.9 SABS 1200 DA - Earthworks (small works) ............................................................................. 33 4.10 SABS 1200 DB - Earthworks (pipe trenches) .......................................................................... 33 4.11 SABS 1200 DE - Small earth dams ......................................................................................... 35 4.12 SABS 1200 DK Gabions and pitching .................................................................................. 36 4.13 SABS 1200 DM - Earthworks (roads, subgrade) ..................................................................... 36 4.14 SABS 1200 DN - Earthworks (railway sidings) ........................................................................ 37 4.15 SABS 1200 F - Piling .............................................................................................................. 38 4.16 SABS 1200 G - Concrete (structural) ...................................................................................... 40 4.17 SABS 1200 GA - Concrete (small works) ................................................................................ 41 4.18 SABS 1200 GB - Concrete (ordinary buildings) ....................................................................... 42 4.19 SABS 1200 GE - Precast concrete (structural) ........................................................................ 42 4.20 SABS 1200 GF - Prestressed concrete ................................................................................... 43 4.21 SABS 1200 H - Structural steelwork ........................................................................................ 44 4.22 SABS 1200 HA - Structural steelwork (sundry items) .............................................................. 44 4.23 SABS 1200 HB - Cladding and sheeting ................................................................................. 45 4.24 SABS 1200 HC - Corrosion protection of structural steelwork .................................................. 45

4.25 SABS 1200 HE - Structural aluminiumwork ............................................................................. 45 4.26 SABS 1200 L - Medium-pressure pipelines ............................................................................. 46 4.27 SABS 1200 LB - Bedding (pipes) ............................................................................................ 47 4.28 SABS 1200 LC - Cable ducts .................................................................................................. 47 4.29 SABS 1200 LD - Sewers ......................................................................................................... 48 4.30 SABS 1200 LE - Stormwater drainage .................................................................................... 48 4.31 SABS 1200 LF - Erf connections (water) ................................................................................. 49 4.32 SABS 1200 LG - Pipe jacking ................................................................................................. 50 4.33 SABS 1200 M - Roads (general) ............................................................................................. 50 4.34 SABS 1200 ME - Subbase ...................................................................................................... 50 4.35 SABS 1200 MFL - Base (light pavement structures) ................................................................ 51 4.36 SABS 1200 MG - Bituminous surface treatment ...................................................................... 52 4.37 SABS 1200 MH - Asphalt base and surfacing ......................................................................... 52 4.38 SABS 1200 MJ - Segmented paving ....................................................................................... 53 4.39 SABS 1200 MK - Kerbing and channelling .............................................................................. 53 4.40 SABS 1200 MM - Ancillary roadworks ..................................................................................... 54 5 Using CESMM3 in procurement documents that comply with the requirements of the SANS 10403 56 5.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 56 5.2 Recommended usage with GCC 2004 .................................................................................... 56 5.3 Recommended usage with NEC3 ........................................................................................... 56 5.4 Recommended usage with JBCC 2000 ................................................................................... 56 5.5 Recommended usage with FIDIC ........................................................................................... 56 Appendix A: Handbooks and authoritative texts .................................................................................. 57 Appendix B: An overview of the CESMM-SA work classification ............................................................. 59 Appendix C: Sample Bill of Quantities for township services ................................................................... 64

1
1.1

An introduction to CESMM-SA
Scope of CESMM-SA

CESMM-SA is intended only for use in connection with civil engineering works and simple building works incidental to civil engineering works. It may be used with any procurement documents which are formatted and compiled in accordance with the requirements of ISO/FDIS 10845-2 using any of the standard forms of contract which are suitable for use for civil engineering works in South Africa CESMM-SA does not deal with complex mechanical, electrical or building work. If such work is to be included in a civil engineering contract, it must be itemized and described in the Bill of Quantities in sufficient detail to enable tenderers to price it adequately while the method of measurement for such work must be stated in the Pricing assumptions.
NOTE: The following forms of contract are commonly used in Southern Africa: Conditions of Contract for Construction for Building and Engineering Works designed by the Employer (Red Book) (1999) as published by the International Federation of Consulting Engineers (FIDIC). General Conditions of Contract for Construction Works (2010) as published by the South African Institution of Civil Engineering. NEC3 Engineering and Construction Short Contract as published by the Institution of Civil Engineers NEC3 Engineering and Construction Contract as published by the Institution of Civil Engineers. Short Form of Contract (Green Book) (1999) as published by the International Federation of Consulting Engineers (FIDIC)

1.2

The philosophy behind CESMM-SA

A Bill of Quantities is no more than a price list for the permanent works. Items should be described in sufficient detail for it to be possible to distinguish between the different types of work and between work of the same nature carried out in different locations or in any other circumstances which may give rise to different pricing considerations. At the same time, all work that is required should be covered in the Bill of Quantities. CESMM-SA establishes the procedures according to which the Bill of Quantities is to be prepared and priced and the quantities of work expressed and measured. CESSM-SA has been developed to provide: information of the quantities of work to enable tenders to be prepared efficiently and effectively; and a means for valuating the work executed in terms of the Contract.

1.3

Work Classification

CESMM-SA introduces a Works Classification which defines: how the work is to be divided into separate items in the Bill of Quantities; the information to be given in item descriptions; the units in which the quantities against each item are to be expressed; and

how the work is to be measured for the purpose of calculating quantities.

The Works Classification contained in section 8 of CESSM3 divides work into 26 main classes as described in Table 1 and each class into up to 3 divisions to provide successive levels of detail as illustrated in Figure 1. Measurement rules, definition rules, coverage rules and additional description rules are provided in respect of each Works Classification (See Figure 1 and Appendix B). No billed item may contain more than one component from each division of a work classification. Table 1: Main classes of work
Class A: General items B: Ground investigations C: Geotechnical and other specialist processes D: Demolition and site clearance E: Earthworks F: In situ concrete G: Concrete ancillaries H: Precast concrete I: Pipework pipes J: Pipework fittings and valves K: Pipework manholes and pipework ancillaries L: Pipework supports and protection, ancillaries to laying and excavation M: Structural metalwork N: Miscellaneous metalwork O: Timber P: Piles Q: Piling ancillaries R: Roads and paving S: Rail track T: Tunnels U: Brickwork, blockwork and masonry V: Painting W: Waterproofing X: Miscellaneous work Y: Sewer and water main renovation and ancillary works Z: Simple building works incidental to civil engineering works

Appendix B lists the first division in each work classification and provides an outline of what is included and what is excluded in each class. Coding of work items Each item of work is assigned a code number comprising a letter followed by up to 3 digits e.g. code I 1 3 2 identifies an item as follows: class: first division: second division third division I 1 3 2 pipework - pipes clay pipes Nominal bore: 300 - 600mm In trenches, depth: not exceeding 1,5m

The symbol * may be used to indicate all numbers in the appropriate division i.e. I 1 * indicates that the item includes all sizes of pipes (4.2). The digit 9 must be used in the appropriate position to denote a feature of an item that is not listed in the Work Classification (4.5).

The digit 0 must be used in the appropriate position to denote an item to which a division or classification does not apply or for which there are fewer than three divisions of classification (4.6). No code number is assigned to additional descriptions. However, where code numbers are used as item numbers, a point followed by a number may be used to distinguish items which have the same code numbers but different additional descriptions, e.g. I 1 3 2 . 1 and I 1 3 2 . 2 (4.7) where, for example, lengths of a pipeline are billed separately to identify lengths which are restricted in access or on steep slopes. However, where there are no code numbers assigned to an item of a previous division, the numbers that would normally be used may be used for the additional descriptions e.g. F 4 1 3 and F 4 2 3 may be used for the additional descriptions that give the details of the two prescribed mixes. Similarly K 3 3 1 and K 3 3 2 would refer to two different designs of in situ concrete gullies.
NOTE: Coding is shown here with spaces between each character for clarity but spaces may be omitted to save space, particularly in the narrow column of the Bill of Quantities i.e. I132.2.

Item numbering Code numbers may be used to number the items in the Bill of Quantities but the use of code numbers as item numbers is not mandatory (4.3). Where code numbers are used as item numbers; a) the work cannot always be billed in construction sequence e.g. horizontal formwork, code item number G * 1 * is seldom erected before vertical formwork, code item number G * 4 *, and fixed-charge items and time-related items cannot be grouped together should this be desirable.

b)

Where code numbers are not used as item numbers the use of a suffix number in terms of 4.7 is not necessary. Units of measurement The work classification prescribes the unit of measurement for each billed item. Item descriptions Descriptions for Permanent Works must identify the component of the Works and not the tasks to be carried out by the Contractor e.g. pipes to SANS . with municipal joints nominal bore 160 mm in trenches and not Supply, lay, bed and backfill . Accordingly, billed descriptions of components for the permanent works must be concise and must not include the processes of production or construction techniques as the contractual requirements are stated in the Contract Data or the Scope of Work (see ISO/FDIS 10845-2 Construction procurement - Part 2: Formatting and compilation of procurement documentation. Where the work item is specifically limited, the limitation must be stated in the item description, e.g. pipes to SANS . with municipal joints nominal bore 160 mm in trenches excluding supply and delivery to site.

Figure 1: Extract from section 8 of CESSM3

Class I: Pipework - pipes

Includes: Excludes: Provision, laying and jointing of pipes Excavating and backfilling pipe trenches Work included in classes J, K, L and Y Piped building services (included in class Z) Second Division 1 Nominal bore: not exceeding 200 mm 2 200-300 mm 3 300-600 mm 4 600-900 mm 5 900-1200 mm 6 1200-1500 mm 7 1500-1800 mm 8 exceeding 1800 mm Third Division 1 Not in trenches 2 In trenches depth: not exceeding 1.5 m 3 1.5-2 m 4 2-2.5 m 5 2.5-3 m 6 3-3.5 m 7 3.5-4 m 8 exceeding 4 m Measurement rules M1 The Commencing Surface adopted in the preparation of the Bill of Quantities shall be adopted for the measurement of the completed work. M2 Backfilling of trenches shall not be measured except as set out in class K for filing of French and rubble drains and in class L for backfilling with material other than that excavated from the trenches. Definition rules D1 Pipes not in trenches shall include pipes suspended or supported above the ground or other surface, pipes in headings, tunnels or shafts, pipes installed by thrust boring and pipe jacking and pipes laid within volumes measured separately for excavation. Coverage rules C1 Items for pipes shall be deemed to include the supply of all materials by the Contractor unless other stated. Items for pipes shall be deemed to include pipe cutting C2 Items for pipes in trenches shall be deemed to include excavation, preparation of surfaces, disposal of excavated materials, upholding sides of excavation, backfilling and removal of dead services except to the extend that such works is included in classes J, K and L Additional description rules A1 The location or type of pipework in each item or group of items shall be stated in items description so that the pipe runs included can be identified by reference to the Drawings. A2 The material, joint types, nominal bores and lining requirements of pipes shall be stated in the item description and reference given to applicable British Standard specifications and specified qualities. A3 Item descriptions Establishes requirements for additional descriptions.

First Division 1 2 3 4 5 Clay pipes Concrete pipes Iron pipes Steel pipes Polyvinyl chloride pipes 6 Glass reinforced plastic pipes 7 High density polyethylene pipes 8 Medium density polyethylene pipes

The first division classifies the different types of pipes

The third division classifies trenches in terms of depth range

D2 Pipes not in trenches shall be classed as such only where pipes are M3 Lengths of pipes expressly required not shall be measured to be laid in trenches. along their centre These rules define the extent lines. Lengths of n tre D3 Depths used for and limits of the class of work represented by a word or expression used in the Works Classification and in a Bill of Quantities

The second division classifies the pipes by their nominal bore

These rules set out the conditions under which work is to be measured and the method by which quantities are to be computed if other than in accordance with the standard method

These rules state what is deemed to be included in the appropriate items to the extent that such works is included in the Contract. They dont state all the work covered by an

2
2.1

Terminology used in CESMM-SA

Terms as defined in CESMM-SA

CESMM-SA defines the following terms: Bill of Quantities Commencing surface Daywork Excavated surface Expressly required. Final Surface Fixed Charge Method-Related Charge Original Surface means the surface of the ground before any work has been carried out. Time-Related Charge Work Work Classification

It should be noted that a hyphen between two dimensions means a range of dimensions which includes all dimensions exceeding that preceding the hyphen but not exceeding that following the hyphen.

2.2

Terms excluded from use by CESMM-SA

Terms which have been (are) in common use in bills of quantities not drawn up in terms of CESMM-SA and which are explicitly excluded by CESMM-SA are: Extra over CESMM-SA states that unless otherwise specifically stated, quantities shall be computed net using dimensions from the drawings (5.18). Reliance on this statement obviates the use of the term :extra over" which has been used in other forms of bills of quantities. Provisional quantities Clause 56(3) of ICE GCC provides for rates to be increased or decreased if they are rendered unreasonable or inapplicable as a result of actual quantities being greater or less than those billed. As all quantities are subject to this clause, the use of provisional quantity has no significance and all quantities should be estimated as closely as possible to that which is likely to occur..

The NEC3 Engineering and Construction Contract (Option B: Priced Contract with Bill of Quantities) follows the same philosophy. The FIDIC Conditions of Contract for Building and Engineering Works Designed by the Employer and SAICEs General Conditions of Contract for Construction Works (2004) makes provision for provisional sums which are valued in terms of the variation procedure. These are budgetary items and should not be confused with provisional quantities,

2.3

Terms used in CESMM-SA

2.3.1 The following terms are used in CESMM-SA which are not necessarily in common use when bills of quantities are not prepared in terms of CESMM-SA: Adjustment item. The term Adjustment item is an item in the Grand Summary that allows the tenderer, having priced the Bill of Quantities (work items) to adjust the total by a negative or positive tendered amount. 2.3.2 The following terms are used in CESMM-SA which do not necessarily have the same meaning in the Southern African context. Bill of Quantities The term Bill of Quantities as used in Section 5 of CESMM-SA is a collective term for the sections (a) to (e) listed in 5.2. In Southern Africa the term Bill of Quantities is used only for section (d), Work items (grouped in parts) but may include section (c) Daywork Schedule and/or section (e) Grand Summary. There is however no confusion created by the broad and narrow meanings of this term. It is clear from the context to which portion of the document it refers. The context in which it is The collective term for Sections (a) to (e) in the CIDB structure of a procurement document is Pricing Assumptions (see 2.5). Section (a) List of principle quantities may appear in the portion Scope of Work in such a document under the Description or Extent of work clause.

3 Differences between CESMM-SA and Civil engineering quantities 1990

3.1 Introduction

The descriptions and discussions of the work covered by the various work classes given in the subclauses below is given only in broad outline to enable a more detailed description of the differences between CESMM-SA and what bill compilers in southern Africa have become accustomed to in using Civil Engineering Quantities and the SABS 1200 series of standardized specifications and other specifications such as the COLTO specifications. For a more detailed discussion on CESMM-SA refer to the ICEs CESMM-SA Handbook by Martin Barnes. For a more detailed conversion of the measurement and payment items of the SABS 1200 series of standardized specifications see chapter 7.
CESMM-SA Classes A: General items Parts of SABS 1200 that covered similar items SABS 1200 A: General; SABS 1200 AA: General (small works); SABS 1200 AB: Engineers office; SABS 1200 AD: General (small dams); SABS 1200 AH: General (structural) No equivalent part No equivalent part. SABS 1200 C: Site clearance Principal differences

B: Ground investigations C: Geotechnical and other specialist processes D: Demolition and site clearance

Site is measured per hectare and not as m or km. Topsoil is included in Class E Class D provides for general clearance. Borrow not measured separately Trenches not measured separately

E: Earthworks

F: In situ concrete G: Concrete ancillaries

H: Precast concrete I: Pipework pipes

SABS D: Earthworks; SABS 1200 DA: Earthworks (small works); SABS 1200 DE; Earthworks (small dams); SABS 1200 DM: Earthworks (roads, subgrade); SABS 1200 DN: Earthworks (railway sidings) SABS 1200 G: Concrete (structural) SABS 1200 GA: Concrete (small works) SABS 1200 GB: Concrete (ordinary buildings) SABS 1200 GF: Prestressed concrete SABS 1200: GE Precast concrete (structural) SABS 1200 DB: Earthworks (pipe trenches); SABS 1200 L: Medium pressure pipelines; SABS 1200 LB: Bedding (pipes); SABS 1200 LD: Sewers; SABS 1200 LE: Stormwater drainage; SABS 1200 LF: Erf connections

Trenches not measured separately

(water) J: Pipework fittings and valves K: Pipework manholes and pipework ancillaries L: Pipework supports and protection, ancillaries to laying and excavation M: Structural metalwork SABS 1200 LC: Cable ducts SABS 1200 LG: Pipe jacking

SABS 1200 H: Structural steelwork SABS 1200 HA: Structural steelwork (sundry items); SABS 1200 HB: Cladding and sheeting; SABS 1200 HC: Corrosion protection of structural steelwork; SABS 1200 HE: Structural aluminiumwork

N: Miscellaneous metalwork O: Timber P: Piles Q: Piling ancillaries R: Roads and paving

SANS 1200 F: Piling SABS 1200 DM: Earthworks (roads, subgrade); SABS 1200 M: Roads (general); SABS 1200 ME: Subbase; SABS 1200 MFL: Base (light pavement structures); SABS 1200 MG: Bituminous surface treatment; SABS 1200 MH: Asphalt base and surfacing; SABS 1200 MJ: Segmented paving SABS 1200 MK: Kerbing and channeling SABS 1200 MM: Ancillary roadworks

S: Rail track T: Tunnels U: Brickwork, blockwork and masonry V: Painting W: Waterproofing X: Miscellaneous work Y: Sewer and water main renovation and ancillary works Z: Simple building works incidental to civil engineering works

SABS 1200 HC: Corrosion protection of structural steelwork SABS 1200 DK: Gabions and pitching

3.2

General items - Class A

Class A, General items, covers items of a general nature and which are either not related to the Permanent Works or are not proportional to any variation in quantities of the billed work items of the Permanent Works. These are grouped under the first division headings 1 to 3 viz. Contractual requirements, Specified requirements and Method-Related Charges. In order to provide a means of determining the value of interim payments for such items, rule A2 requires that the billed items for Special requirements distinguish between the establishment, the continuing operation or maintenance and the removal of such services or facilities. The numbering of these items with the required additional description must follow paragraph 4.7.

The establishment and the removal of such services or facilities are Fixed Charge items and the continuing operation or maintenance are Time-Related Charge items. Method-Related Charges provides for the tenderer to insert items of a Fixed Charge and a Time-Related Charge nature that relate to his intended method of executing the Works which are not to be considered as proportional to the quantities of the other items and for which he has not allowed in the rates and prices of the other items. Examples of such items are provided in the second and third divisions. CESMM-SA does not provide a means of combing any of the third division item into one item as was done by the SABS 1200 specifications that form the base of Civil Engineering Quantities 1990. There is an apparent duplication in the Temporary works of the Specified requirements and of the MethodRelated Charges. This is to permit the bill compiler, if the Specification or any other contract document states a requirement that the Contractor should do something in a particular way and to a particular extent, to include an item for such separate pricing see rule D1. This rule ensures that the tenderers attention is drawn to anything about which he might normally expect to make his own decisions but which in this case is pre-determined in the Contract. It is suggested that a similar approach be taken by the bill compiler in pre-determining those items of Method-Related Charges for Accommodation and buildings, Services and Plant that he considers appropriate to the project concerned and prudent to include. Whether this is done or not the bill should always include provision for the tenderer to insert such items in terms of rules M4 and A4. The insertion of such items by the tenderer is, however, not mandatory, nor in terms of clause 7.5 of CESMM-SA, does the items prescribed by the compiler, bind the Contractor to adopt the method of construction that may be indicated thereby. Class A further provides for Provisional Sums and Prime Cost items. There has been an apparent confusion among bill compilers as to when to use a Provisional Sum and when to use a Prime Cost item. Items A 4 * *, A 5 * * and A 6 * * reserves Prime Cost items for use only when nominated subcontractors are involved. Class A is the only work class where the units are not specified. It is left to the bill compiler to decide the appropriate unit for each item. Notes: Reference to clause 56(1) in rule M2 relates to the admeasure of quantities (see chapter 3). Reference to clauses 21 and 23 in rule C1 relates to the provision of insurances (see chapter 3).

3.3

Ground investigation - Class B

Class B, Ground investigation, includes for the work in trial pits and trenches, boreholes, samples, site and laboratory tests, instrumental observations and professional services in connection with ground investigations whether such work forms a self-contained ground investigation contract or forms part of a larger construction project. It excludes excavation for any other purpose and excludes boring for piles. Trial pita and trenches cover investigations to determine the nature and characteristics of the in situ material as well as to locate services and are to identify separately those which are expressly required to be excavated by hand.

Trial pits and trenches and boreholes are measured by number to allow for the cost of moving plant and equipment between holes and by depth to allow for the cost of the various materials encountered and the support needed. The SABS 1200 specifications which form the base of Civil Engineering Quantities 1990, do not have measurement and payment items or clauses to cover this type of work except for trial pits or trenches to locate services which is covered under clase 8.8.4 of SABS 1200 A. This is the first work class refers to excavation in a material described as rock. No degrees or types of rock are provided for unlike the SABS 1200 specifications where categories are provided for intermediate, hard rock, boulder class A and boulder class B. See the discussion in Earthworks, Class E, on the classification of excavated material.

3.4

Geotechnical and other specialist processes - Class C

Class C, Geotechnical and other specialist processes, includes a mixture of different types of work associated with altering the properties of soils and rocks and other work of a specialist nature normally carried out by specialist contractors as sub-contractors such as grouting, diaphragm walls, ground anchorages and certain drains. It excludes grouting from within tunnels and sewers. The second and third divisions provide for the bill compiler to differentiate between the angles of the holes to be drilled or driven and their depths. Rule A1 requires the diameters of holes to be added to the description items to fully specify the work and to provide for their cost variations. Item C 4 1 0 measures the number of holes drilled in order to provide for cost of the movement of plant and equipment between holes. Provision is made under the Method-Related Charges of Class A for the establishment on and removal from Site of such specialist plant and equipment. Drilling holes for grouting and excavation for diaphragm walls distinguishes between the different materials of rock, artificial hard material and material other than rock or artificial hard material. See the discussion under Earthworks, Class C, with regard to the classification of rock. Civil Engineering Quantities 1990 does not cover this type of work.

3.5

Demolition and site clearance - Class D

Except for taking up of track, rails, turnouts and crossings which is covered under class S, class D (Demolition and Site Clearance) covers the removal of natural and artificial articles, objects and obstructions which are above the Original Surface i.e. trees, stumps, buildings, structures and pipelines. The only below ground items that are removed are tree roots. General clearance (D 1 0 0) is an all embracing clearance item that excludes only trees of girth greater than 500 mm, stumps of diameter greater than 150 mm, buildings, other structures and pipelines above Original Surface (D2 to D6) (see rule D1). Additional description rule A1 requires that where materials arising from site clearance are to remain the property of the Employer, the description should so state. The removal of articles, obstructions and materials other than roots at or below Original Surface are covered as follows: a) The removal of dead services in as far as they are encountered in excavating and drilling holes is deemed to be covered by the relevant excavation or drilled hole item (Class C, rule C1; Class E, rule C1; Class I, rule C2; Class J, rule C2; Class K, rule C1; Class L, rule C1; Class T, rule C1 and Class Y, rule C1).

10

b)

The removal and replacement of overburden is deemed to be covered by the excavation within borrow pit items (Class E, rule C2). The removal of kerbs and channels is deemed to be covered by the items for breaking up and reinstatement of roads and foot paths (Class K, rule C8). The removal of existing services is deemed to be covered by the items for traffic signs other than traffic signs measured in accordance with rule M10 and items for fences (Class R, rule C4 and Class X, rule C1).

c)

d)

There is no item in CESMM-SA for haulage or overhaul. It is important therefore that sources and destinations of materials, if expressly required, are shown on the drawings or stated in the description of the item of work that entails such transport. SANS 2001-BS1 covers: a) the removal of vegetation, fences, guard rails and posts, litter and building rubble, boulders of size 3 up to 0,15 m , and surface and subsurface obstructions, and the demolition and removal of structures (including their basements, if any), not directly associated with or incidental to any excavation; the cleaning out of existing hydraulic structures and the clearing and grubbing of vegetation from the inlets and outlets of these structures; and clearing to improve sight distances on roadways.

b) c)

The tabulation in makes provision for the following items to be cleared:

3.6

Earthworks Class E

Class E (Earthworks) covers excavation, dredging, filling, compaction disposal and landscaping. Excavation for specific aspects are covered by: a) Class B (Ground investigation) for trial pits and trenches (not pipe trenches), boreholes and samples (see rule C2). b) Class C (Geotechnical and other specialist processes) for diaphragm walls and ground anchorages (see rules C1 and C2). c) Class I (Pipework pipes) for pipe trenches (see rule C2) and drains and ditches (see rule M1 of class K). d) Class J (Pipework fittings and valves) for fittings and valves (see rule C2). e) Class K (Pipework manholes and pipework ancillaries) for manholes and other chambers, ducts culverts and crossings and reinstatement (see rule C1) and reinstatement following pipelaying (see rule C9). f) Class L (Pipework supports and protection, ancillaries to laying and excavation) for excavation in trenches, manholes and other chambers, headings, thrust boring and pipe jacking in rock, concrete and artificial hard material; backfilling above Final Surface with concrete or stated material and excavation and backfill below Final Surface (see rule C1), g) Class Y (Sewer and water main renovation and ancillary works) for excavation for new manholes (see rules C1 and C8). h) Class P (Piles) for excavation and disposal of excavated material (see rule C1). i) Class Q (Piling ancillaries) for disposal of excavated material (see rule C1). j) Class R (Roads and pavings) for excavation for foundations for traffic signs (see rule C4). k) Class T (Tunnels) for excavation for tunnels (see rule C1). l) Class X (Miscellaneous work) for excavation for foundations for fences and gates (see rule C1). Excavation and filling are measured separately (see E 2 to E 4 and E 6) as follows:

11

Except that excavation from borrow pits is measured by the net volume of fill it forms (rule M9), excavation is measured by the void it forms. Disposal is measured by the difference between the total net volume of excavation and the net volume of excavation used for filling (rule M12). Double handling of excavated material is measured only to the extent that it is expressly required by the volume of the void formed in the temporary stockpile from which the material is removed (rule M13). Filling to embankments is measured by the volume of embankment formed. Filling of excavations around completed structures is measured only to the extent that the volume filled is also measured as excavation in accordance with rule M6 (rule M16). Imported filling is measured by the difference between the net volume of filling and the net volume of excavated material derived from classes E and T used for filling (rule M19).

The main principle of excavation items is that they should cover excavation of one type in one type of material. This avoids the use of Extra-over as used in Civil Engineering Quantities 1990 and the SABS 1200 series of specifications as well as other specifications in use in southern Africa (see subclause 2.2 of chapter 2). The maximum depth of excavation is required to be stated (see the third division of E 3 and E 4). Excavation is not divided into depth bands as in Figure 2(a), but according to the total depth as indicated in Figure 2(b). shall be measured from the Commencing Paragraph 5.21 states that depths of excavation stated Surface to the Excavated Surface. In the case where no stages of excavation are expressly required the Commencing Surface is the Original Surface and the Excavated Surface is the Final Surface. In this case, in terms of rule A4 the Commencing Surface and the Excavated Surface need not be stated in the item description. However, where stage excavation is expressly required as in the case, say, of excavation in a material, the character of which deteriorates on becoming exposed to the elements and it is required that the last 150 mm of excavation be carried out just prior to casting a blinding layer, the excavation should be split into two items. The first item being Excavation to Excavated Surface 150 mm above Final Surface and the second item being Excavation to Final Surface, Commencing surface 150 mm above Final Surface. The depth of excavation of these two items would then be measured from Original Surface to Excavated Surface and Excavated Surface to Final Surface (see Figure 2(c)). Note: a) b)

The depth of excavation is not the depth from Original Surface but the depth of excavation of the item concerned (see Figure 2(c) and (d)), and The Surface definitions are not levels as they may not be at a constant level (see Figure 2(d)).

(reproduce Fig 7(a) of the Handbook here)

12

Figure 2 (a) (reproduce Fig 7(b) of the Handbook here)

Figure 2 (b) (produce PCBs Fig (c) here)

Figure 2 (c) (produce PCBs Fig (d) here)

13

Figure 2 (d)

The depth of excavation does not refer to the depth of the material encountered within that excavation. However, it may be necessary where rock is not required to be excavated but a key into the rock is required. In such a case the top of rock surface forms Excavated Surface of the bulk excavation and the Commencing Surface for the excavation of the key (See Figure 2(d)). In terms of rule A3, the location and limits of excavation for foundations shall be stated in item descriptions. This is particularly necessary in the case where a retaining wall is to be constructed within a cutting. To clarify the limits of such foundation excavation the Commencing Surface should be described as the Excavated Surface of the cutting. The combination of rules C1 and M6 means that the tenderer must estimate and allow in his pricing for the excavation and filling of working space, the excavation and filling of the volume outside of the vertical that is dictated by the natural angle of repose of the material in which the excavation is to be made or the installation and removal of shoring and its associated excavation and filling. This is different to Civil Engineering Quantities 1990 and the SABS 1200 series of standardized specifications where under certain conditions, measurement and payment items were provided for such work. CESMM-SA does not make distinctions between different hard excavated materials or different types of rock nor does it define rock. The ICE Handbook implies that such distinctions may be made but warns that an argument could be mounted that if such distinctions are made in one work class or one part of the Bill of Quantities that they should also have been made in others. It also implies that where the bill compiler wishes to make such distinctions, that he does so in terms of paragraph 5.10, with the greatest of care, by adding to the description of the items. The mechanism of so doing would require the addition of .1, .2, .3 etc to the code number of the item that includes rock as the material being excavated. Chapter 7 provides an amendment to CESMM-SA that provides definitions different degrees of hardness and types of rock as is done in the Civil Engineering Quantities 1990 and the SABS 1200 series of standardized specifications. The term stated artificial hard material exposed at Commencing Surface covers such material as brick or roadstone paving, concrete slabs, etc. The term stated artificial hard material not exposed at Commencing Surface could be used where a length of redundant pipeline is required to be excavated and removed. The CESMM-SA Handbook by Martin Barnes states CESMM-SA does not give a definition of the distinction between embankments and filling to structures. In order to reflect cost differences properly, filling which may be termed embanking when it is associated with structures should be measured as filling to structures.

14

There is no item in CESMM-SA for haulage or overhaul. It is important therefore that sources and destinations of materials are stated in the Specification Data, described in the Bill of Quantities or shown on the Drawings. Where this information cannot be given, or is likely to change, as in the case of rural roadworks where the suitability of the material in cuttings and/or borrow pits and intended for use in embankment and/or controlled layers can only be determined on exposure, overhaul should be billed. Chapter 7 provides the necessary amendment to CESMM-SA for the itemization and measurement of overhaul. CESMM-SA does not include items for a road layer called selected subgrade as provided for in SABS 1200 DM. Class R, Roads and pavings, covers Sub-bases and bases of granular material of two qualities. Although these are of the quality specified by the British Department of Transport it only leaves two items to be amended to specify subbase and base as specified in southern African specifications. It is thus necessary that selected subgrade be covered by filling in this work class. This is can be covered by items E 6 2 4 and E 6 2 5 with the appropriate reference to the clause in the applicable specification that specifies the quality of the selected subgrade material and its compaction. The only area that needs attention is the production of the equivalent of a selected subgrade layer by the treatment to a specified depth of the existing in situ material and the treatment of the floor of a rock cutting. Rule D5 precludes the expanded use of E 5 2 2 and E 5 2 3, Preparation of excavated surfaces, to cover this work. CESMM-SA has thus been added to in Chapter 7 to provide such items.

3.7

Concrete work

Concrete work is covered by three work classes viz. Class F: In situ concrete, Class G: Concrete ancillaries and Class H: Precast concrete. 3.7.1 In situ concrete Class F

In situ concrete excludes: a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) i) Capping of boreholes which is covered in Class B. Diaphragm walls which is included in Class C. Excavation ancillaries which is covered in Class E. Granolithic and other applied finishes which is covered in Class G. Drainage and pipework which is covered in Classes K and L. Piles which is covered in Classes P and Q. Roads, pavings and kerbs which is covered by Class R. Tunnel and shaft linings which is covered by Class T. Foundations for fences and gates which is covered by Class X.

The provision and the placing of concrete is measured separately. The total volume of a particular concrete mix is provided under one item irrespective of where it is to be placed. The placing of concrete is to be billed under separate items that distinguish between the types of concrete (not mixes) placed in different locations and in different structural elements of different sizes. The second and third divisions of items F 1 to F 3 use standard mixes and data specified in BS specifications as do rules D1, D2 and A1. These are amended for southern African use in chapter 7. There may be some confusion created by the terms Standard mix and Prescribed mix as used in CESMM-SA and prescribed mix as used in SABS 1200 G specification. This confusion is resolved in that SANS 2001 CC1 does not specify any mixes by giving the amounts of their constituents other than for nofines concrete and breeze concrete. Chapter 7 hereof amends F 1 * * to refer to these specified mixes thus implying (or maintaining) the interpretation that Standard mixes are those prescribed in a standard specification and Prescribed mixes (F 4 0 0) are those prescribed fully in the documentation for the particular project i.e. either in the Scope of the Works or the billed item.

15

Chapter 7 also amends the second division of F 2 and F3 to refer to the mix by its MPa strength which is to be attained by the mix as specified in SANS 2001 CC1 and amends the third division to refer to the SANS specification for cement and the aggregate sizes as given in SANS 1083. While the third division of items F 5-7 1-4 provide ranges of thickness, where the thickness of the element is constant the actual thickness should be stated in the description. The items for placing of concrete do not provide for tapering walls, beams or columns. Where there are such elements they will need to be treated as non-standard items and coded E 5-7 * 9, the description for which must give the range of thickness of the tapered item. Except for blinding, where concrete is to be placed against an excavated surface, it requires the description for placing of concrete to so state (rule A2). In this case, in terms of rule M2(d) of class G, no formwork is to be measured. It must be noted that where concrete is expressly required to be cast against an excavated surface, rule M11 of class E requires preparation of the excavated surface to be measured. Unless specified in the specification, the description of a designed mix (F 2 * and F 3 *) must state the minimum cement content, the water/cement ratio and any quality assurance requirements. It may also be necessary to state the workability, the method of placing and the rate of sampling. In areas where alkaliaggregate reaction is a problem, it will be necessary to give details of special cement, special requirements for aggregates, admixture requirements or limitations, maximum chloride content and such like requirements. 3.7.2 Concrete ancillaries Class G

Concrete ancillaries includes: a) b) c) d) e) Formwork for in situ concrete, Reinforcement for in situ concrete, Joints for in situ concrete, Post-tensioned prestressing, and Ancillaries for in situ concrete.

It excludes: a) Reinforcement in diaphragm walls which is covered in class C, b) Pre-tensioned prestressing which is included in class H, c) Formwork and reinforcement in precast concrete which is included in class H, d) Formwork and reinforcement ancillary to drainage and pipework which is included in classes K and L, e) Formwork and reinforcement in piles which is included in classes P and Q, f) Formwork and reinforcement for concrete roads and pavings which is included in class R, g) Formwork for tunnel and shaft linings which is included in class T, h) Formwork for foundations for fences and gates which is included in class X. Applying the measurement rules for measuring formwork sometimes results in instances where formwork is measured although not provided and other instances where formwork is not measured although provided. In terms of measurement rule M2, formwork is not measured in the following cases: a) edges of blinding concrete not exceeding 0,2 m2 wide, b) joints and associated rebates and grooves, c) temporary surfaces formed at the discretion of the Contractor, d) surfaces of concrete which are expressly required to be cast against an excavated surface, and e) surfaces of concrete which are cast against excavated surfaces inclined at an angle less than 45o to the horizontal.

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Figure 3 illustrates (e) of the above rule i.e. formwork is measured for the surface ABC but not for surface CD. (reproduce Fig 17 of the Handbook here)

Figure 3 The terminology used in this class is not always the same as used in SANS 2001 CC1. Chapter 7 amends CESMM-SA to sort out these differences. As in concrete, some reinforcement items refer to BS specifications. These references are amended to refer to SABS specifications in Chapter 7. Supporting reinforcing i.e. the work and materials needed to support, tie and otherwise secure the reinforcement, is only measured where it is required to support the top reinforcement and is included in the mass of reinforcing steel itself whether supporting reinforcement is shown on the drawings or not. Joints are measured only where they are expressly required (rule M10). Items G 6 1-4 * are deemed to include formwork (rule C3). Items G 6 2 * and G 6 3 * also include the filler material. Post-tensioned prestressing does not provide an item for anchorages or couplers as does Civil Engineering Quantities 1990 through its SABS 1200 GF specification. Rule D10 measures tendons between the outer faces of anchorages. Rule A12 requires item descriptions to state the composition of the composition of the tendon and particulars of the anchorage. These two rules imply that the tendons include anchorages and certainly couplers. The philosophy of CESMM-SA is that detailed specifications of stressing components and procedures are normally given, that profiles and positions of stressing tendons are shown on the drawings and that prestressing is not particularly prone to variations as regards redesign of the details of the systems. In the light of this philosophy, it matters little whether the tenderer includes anchorages under tendons or G7 5 0, External jacking operations. The only problem likely to arise is if the length of stressing tendons change, the cost change would not be proportional to the change in length where anchorages are included with tendons. It would be wise in the item descriptions to clarify where the anchorages are deemed to be included. A tamped finish in terms of SANS 2001 CC1 clause 4.7.15.1(a) can be billed under item G 8 1 3 with the Other stated surface treatment being described as tamped or the clause reference being given in the description. A broomed surface treatment in terms of SANS 2001 CC1 clause 4.7.15.2 can be billed under G 8 1 3 in a similar way. Where both surface treatments are required in the same bill, the items should be numbered as required by 4.7.

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Except for Smooth-special surface finish, surface finishes of formed surfaces specified in SANS 2001CC1, Table 1 can be billed under G 8 2 3 where the Other stated surface finish treatment carried out after striking formwork is described in terms of the applicable finish of those listed in Table 1. As above, where more than one of such surface finishes is required in the same bill, the items should be numbered as required by 4.7. Where weepholes are required they can be itemized under item G 8 3 2. In terms of rule A15, descriptions for inserts must identify whether they project from one or two surfaces of the concrete or are totally within the concrete. In the case of weepholes the drawings should be sufficient to show that they do not project from any surface nor are they totally within the concrete and therefore need no additional description.

3.7.3

Precast concrete Class H

Precast Concrete includes the manufacture, erection, jointing, and fixing of precast concrete units which are designed for particular civil engineering projects. It therefore excludes standard products such as listed in the exclusions below. It excludes: a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) Post-tensioned prestressing which is included in class G Precast concrete pipework which is included in classes I and J, Precast concrete manholes, catchpits and gullies which is included in class K, Precast concrete piles which is included in classes P and Q, Precast concrete paving, kerbs, and traffic sign supports which is included in class R, Precast concrete tunnel linings which is included in class T, Precast concrete blockwork which is included in class U, Precast concrete fencing which is included in class X.

Unlike cast in situ items, precast concrete items are measured by number and deemed to include all the items that would otherwise be measure were it a cast in situ item such as provision and placing of concrete, formwork, reinforcement, tendons and stressing in prestressed pre-tensioned units, if applicable, finishing of top surfaces, finishing of formed surfaces, if applicable, and inserts, if applicable. It also includes the placing of their final position in the Works and their joints. Where precast concrete units are to be prestressed but post-tensioned, the post tensioned prestressing is included in class G in terms of the exclusions listed. However, this creates a conflict in the philosophy of an all-in price for a number of similar items as well as the confusion created by measuring the beams, say, by number of beams and the tendons by the total number of tendons in all the beams together and the external jacking operations. A strong argument can be mounted for the post-tensioned prestressing to be deemed included in the precast concrete item. Where the bill compiler wishes to do so it must be made very clear that that is the case in the particular project. In certain circumstances there might be doubt in a bill compilerss mind as to whether an element is considered to be a precast item or a cast in situ item. Rule D3 addresses this problem and identifies a major concrete component such as a bridge deck which is cast adjacent to its final position and then launched into is final position as cast in situ concrete and not precast concrete.

3.8

Pipework

18

Pipework is covered by four work classes viz. Class I: Pipes, Class J: Fittings and valves, Class K: Manholes and pipework ancillaries and Class L: Supports and protection, ancillaries to laying and excavation. 3.8.1 Pipes Class I

Class I includes the provision, laying and jointing of pipes and the excavating and backfilling of pipe trenches i.e. except for extras to excavation and backfilling (which is covered under class L), unlike Civil Engineering Quantities 1990 through its SABS 1200 DB specification, trenches are not itemized separately. This class excludes: a) Fittings and valves which is covered by class J b) Manholes and pipework ancillaries which is covered by class K c) Supports and protection, ancillaries to laying and excavation which is covered by class L d) Sewer and water main renovation and ancillary works which is covered by class Y e) Piped building services which is covered by class Z. Unlike Civil Engineering Quantities 1990 through its SABS 1200 L, LD and LE specifications, there is no distinction made in the item provided between the purposes of the pipework i.e. whether pipework is for watermains, sewers or stormwater drainage. However, Rule A1 requires the location or type of pipework in each item or group of items to be stated in the item descriptions. This will allow for disinfection to be included in pipework described as for watermains and for the different types of terrain, access restrictions and support or excavation slope required for the material through which trenches are to be excavated for the particular locations stated. In order to allow for trench excavation, pipework is divided into depth ranges as set out in the third division. Figure 4 illustrates how a pipeline is broken down into depth ranges. (reproduce figure 20 of the Handbook here)

Figure 4 In order to take off quantities it is easier to mark off the depth ranges parallel and upwards from the invert of the pipeline (rule D3) as shown Figure 5. The tenderer is required to make allowance for the volume of excavation below pipe invert but not for beds which is covered under class L.

19

(produce PCBs figure here (as per SABS 1200 DB))

Figure 5

While not using the term, the length measurement of pipelines in trenches in terms of rule M3 effectively makes the fittings and valves to be extra over pipelines thus avoiding the need to include excavation and backfill with such items. This is not the case for pipelines not in trenches and their fittings and valves. 3.8.2 Fittings and valves Class J

Class J includes fittings of various types, valves and penstocks. It also includes straight specials where expressly required as rocker pipes. This class excludes: a) Pipes which are covered under class I b) Manholes and pipework ancillaries which is covered by class K c) Supports and protection, ancillaries to laying and excavation which is covered by class L d) Sewer and water main renovation and ancillary works which is covered by class Y e) Piped building services which is covered by class Z. The second division of items J1 to J7 and J8 lists only the most commonly encountered components. Other fittings and valves should be included under coded item numbers J * 9 * in terms of paragraph 4.5. Straight specials (J * 8 *) refers to non-standard lengths of pipe where such lengths are expressly required i.e shown on the drawings, described in the specifications or ordered by the Engineer (rule M2). Pipes cut to accommodate the layout of the work or for the Contractors convenience are not measured as straight specials.

3.8.3

Manholes and pipework ancillaries Class K

Class K includes manholes and other chambers, ducts culverts crossings and reinstatement and other ancillaries.

20

It excludes: a) Pipes which are covered under class I b) Fittings and valves which is covered by class J c) Supports and protection, ancillaries to laying and excavation which is covered by class L d) Sewer and water main renovation and ancillary works which is covered by class Y e) Piped building services which is covered by class Z. Items for manholes, chambers and gullies are measured by number and are all embracing in terms of rules C3 and C4 and descriptions should refer to standard drawings or details where they are fully described or detailed. It is permitted to measure manholes etc in detail as set out in other classes of work but this would be an exception in cases where the good reasons for doing so. Unlike Civil Engineering Quantities 1990 through its SABS 1200 DB specification in which provision is made for services that adjoin a trench and measured by length, crossings are measured by number only. However crossings include rivers, streams or canals; hedges; walls; and fences for which SABS does not provide. 3.8.4 Supports and protection, ancillaries to laying and excavation Class L

Class L includes a) Extras to excavation and backfilling of trenches for pipework, ducts and metal culverts, manholes and other chambers, headings, thrust boring and pipe jacking that are more costly than ordinary soft excavation within the depth of a trench and replacement of the same material (such as excavation in other than soft material, backfilling with other than soft material), additional excavation below Final Surface and special pipe laying methods. b) Pipe laying in headings and by thrust boring and pipe jacking c) Provision of supports and protection to pipework, ducts and metal culverts. It excludes: a) Pipes which are covered under class I b) Fittings and valves which is covered by class J c) Manholes and pipework ancillaries which is covered by class K d) Sewer and water main renovation and ancillary works which is covered by class Y e) Piped building services which is covered by class Z. With excavation and backfilling being part of the item for pipework there is no definition of trench width given. However, in the case of extras to excavation and backfilling it is necessary that such a definition for quantity measurement is given. This definition is given in rules M4 and D1 and it implies vertical sides to the trench for measurement purposes. One of the extras to excavation and backfilling is excavation of rock (L 1 * 1). For a discussion on rock refer to Class E herein. In the application of that discussion to this class, attention must be given to rule M8. The various zones (layers) of specified material surrounding a pipeline are billed under in the items L 3-5 * *, for beds, haunches and surrounds. There are no definitions in CESMM-SA that define the limits of the items of beds, haunches and surrounds. It can be assumed that bed refers to that material that lies below the invert of the pipe as the depth of a pipeline, which includes excavation (rule C2 of class I), is measured to the invert of the pipe (rule D3 of class I) and the depth of beds, which include excavation (rule C1), must be stated in terms of rule A1. It can also be assumed that a haunch becomes a surround half way up the pipe see figure 6(a). However, as the structural strength of a pipeline depends to a large extent on the quality and compaction of its surrounding material, the dimensional relationship of the various materials to the pipeline is best shown on a drawing. Such a drawing will then define the limits of bed, haunch and surround. It may also be used to specify the materials in the various zones. Reference to such a drawing will then satisfy the requirements of rule A3 with regard to the materials and depth of

21

bed. In the event that the bed is shown to extend above the invert of the pipe the tender will be deemed to have made the necessary allowance therefore. Unlike Civil Engineering Quantities 1990 through its SABS 1200 specifications which measures bedding by volume, beds, haunches and surrounds are measured linear. For this reason the width of the various layers needs to be stated or shown on the drawing. e material specified in each of these three zones must be stated in the item descriptions (rule A3). The depth of beds must also be stated in the item description (rule A3) for reason of the excavation limits given above. Where beds and haunches or beds and surrounds are of the same material, in terms of rule D2 combined with rule A3, they may be billed as one item see figure 6(b) to (d). (produce PCBs figure here)

Figure 6 In terms of the above, the bedding classes of SABS 1200 LB could be billed as follows: SABS 1200 LB bedding class Class A Class B Specified material 20MPa concrete Compacted selected fill blanket Compacted selected granular material Compacted selected fill blanket Compacted selected granular material Compacted selected fill blanket Compacted selected fill blanket Zone description Bed Haunch and surround Bed and haunch Surround Bed Haunch and surround Haunch and surround Code numbering L340 L 5 2 0 or L 5 3 0 L 4 2 0 or L 4 3 0 L 5 2 0 or L 5 3 0 L 3 2 0 or L 3 3 0 L 4 2 0 or L 4 3 0 L 5 2 0 or L 5 3 0

Class C

Class D

Thrust blocks are measured by number without the option measuring them under their constituent components as provided for in SABS 1200 L. However, where there is good reason to do so, they could be measured under classes F and G.

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3.9

Metalwork

Metalwork is covered by two classes viz. Class M: Structural metalwork and Class N: Miscellaneous metalwork. 3.9.1 Structural metalwork Class M

Class M excludes; a) b) c) d) e) f) Metalwork in concrete which is covered under classes C, G and H. Metalwork in pipework which is covered under classes I, J, K and L. Miscellaneous metalwork which is covered under class N. Metalwork in pipework which is covered under classes I, J, K and L. Metalwork in fences which is covered under class X. Surface treatment on Site which is covered under class V.

Class M does not distinguish between steelwork and aluminiumwork as does SABS 1200 H and HE. The materials and grades thereof must be stated in the item descriptions in terms of rule A1. This class also includes off site corrosion protection (termed surface treatment in CESMM-SA). Unless the particular surface treatment system is specified in the specifications and can be identified in the item description by its code number, in terms of rule A8 the materials and number of applications must be stated in the item descriptions. While the rule does not say so, the dry film thicknesses of the applications should also be stated and in the case of blast cleaning, the standard of finish required. It must be noted that surface treatment to be carried out on site is covered under class V and is termed painting. 3.9.2 Miscellaneous metalwork Class N

Class N excludes; a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) i) Metal reinforcement for concrete which is covered by classes C, G, H and R. Metal inserts in concrete is covered by classes G and H. Pipework which is covered by classes I, J, K and L. Structural metalwork which is covered by class M Fittings and fastenings to timber which is covered by class O. Piles which is covered by classes P and Q. Traffic signs which is covered by class R. Rail track and accessories which is covered by class S. Fences which is covered by class X.

This class differs from other classes in that it does not give descriptions in its first division. This is because this class covers a wide variety of metalwork items that do not fall into groups that can be given a generic name. These items are not separated into fabrication and erection nor is off site surface treatment itemized separately. Item descriptions must fully describe the item giving metal thicknesses dimensions, assemblies and surface treatment, see rule A1. In terms of rule C1, items are deemed to include fixing and fixings and all work associated therewith.

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3.10 Timber Class O

Class O covers timber components and fittings and decking and their associated fittings and fastenings in the Permanent Works. What this class covers is more easily defined by listing what it does not include i.e: a) Formwork to concrete which is covered by class G, b) Timber piles which is covered by class P, c) Timber sleepers which is covered by class S, d) Timber supports in tunnels which is covered by class T, e) Timber fencing which is covered by class X, and f) Carpentry and joinery in simple building works incidental to civil engineering works which is covered by class Z. From exclusion (f) it is evident that windows, doors etc are not included in this class. The grade or species of timber, nominal gross cross-sectional dimensions thickness and any impregnation requirements or special surface finishes must be stated in the item descriptions (rule A1). Items for timberwork will be deemed to include for fixing, boring, cutting and jointing (rule C1). Fittings and fastenings are to be itemized separately.

3.11 Piling work

Piling is covered by two classes viz, Class P: Piles and Class Q: Pipling ancillaries. 3.11.1 Piles Class P Class P excludes a) Boring for investigations which is covered by class B, b) Ground anchors which is covered by class C, c) Walings and tierods which is covered by class N, d) Piling ancillaries which is covered by class G. The Method-Related Charges are particularly useful in the case of piling where costs such as transporting the specialized items of plant and equipment to the site and its subsequent removal and building stagings are particularly suited to Fixed Charges while costs of operating plant and/or working in water is suited to Time-Related Charges. The responsibility of pile design is often delegated to the Contractor. Provision for this is made in paragraph 5.4 of CESMM-SA with the associated requirements being set out in the Preamble. In terms of the CIDB form of documentation the responsibility for such design should be set in the Scope of Works in the standard clause . Even if the piling work is fully designed, the Contractor is still required to carry some of the risk. For example, obstructions encountered in other than bored piling, redriving risen piles and the loss of concrete into voids in the ground in the case of cast in place piles is risk the Contractor carries. In order to allow for the movement of equipment between the different pile positions the items for each type of pile, except for interlocking steel piles, must include an item for the number of piles as well as the total depth bored or driven (rules M2, M4 and M5). In the case of cast in place concrete piles an item must also be given for the total concreted depth (rule M2) In this case it is also required (by rule D1) that the maximum depth be stated in the item description. This is to be the single depth of the deepest pile as

24

it is this depth that dictates the type of piling plant needed and which plant to a large extent determines the cost of boring or driving. Although the second division of this class uses ranges of cross-sectional characteristics, the actual crosssectional characteristic is to be stated in the item description (rules A4, A6, A9 and A10) Items for piles are to differentiate between the required rakes (rule A2). 3.11.1 Piling ancillaries Class Q Class Q includes work ancillary to piling. It therefore excludes piling which is covered by class P, ground anchors which is covered by class C and walings and tierods which is covered by class N. It is important to note that other than backfilling empty bore for cast in place concrete piles which is required for safety reasons, the work covered by this class is only measured where it is expressly required and not because the Contractor does any of it of his own volition. In this class, where ranges of cross-sectional characteristics are given, it is not necessary to state the actual ranges of cross-sectional characteristics. As referred to in class P, obstructions are only measured in the case of breaking out rock or artificial hard material encountered above the founding stratum of bored piles (rule M12). As this item falls under rule M1, the Engineer or his staff will be involved in decisions affecting the time taken to deal with obstructions. This class includes items for pile tests, which if billed here would not feature in class A (A 2 5-6 0).

3.12 Roads and paving Class R

Class R includes; a) b) c) d) Sub-base, base and surfacing (including concrete pavements) of roads, runways and other paved areas Kerbing, channeling and edging Light duty pavements such as footpaths and cycle tracks Traffic signs and markings.

It excludes; a) b) c) d) e) Earthworks which is covered by class E Drainage which is covered by classes I, J, K and L Fences and gates which is covered by class X Gantries and other substantial structures supporting traffic signs Maintenance of roads and pavings.

This class also excludes selected layers of the subgrade which is discussed under class E, Earthworks. The various courses of road making materials are measured by area and unless itemized separately for consideration of the method of construction, is deemed to include for bellmouths. The third division gives depth ranges but in terms of rule A1, the actual design thickness of the layer is to be stated in the item description and the spread rate for applied surface finishes. CESMM-SA draws heavily on the provisions of the Specifications for road and bridge works by the Department of Transport. For use in southern Africa, where this occurs in this class, it has been amended in Chapter 7 to refer to the SANS 2001 specifications. Similarly, the references to BS specifications are amended to refer to SANS specifications.

25

The particular concrete kerb and channel designs of R 6 1-5 * have been amended in Chapter 7 for southern African conditions and specifications. In terms of rule C3, items for kerbs, channels and edgings includes is deemed to include for beds, backings, reinforcement, joints and cutting. Unlike Civil Engineering Quantities 1990, through its SABS 1200 specifications, there are no items in CESMM-SA for the processing or modification of the materials used in the controlled layers of sub-base and base in this section. For southern African conditions where material to be used in these layers often comes from cuttings or borrow pits, the quality of which cannot always be determined prior to its exposure, it frequently requires processing or modification in order for it to provide the required quality when compacted in the road. Chapter 7 provides the necessary amendment to CESMM-SA in order to provide the necessary processing and/or modification items. In such cases, overhaul may also come into the economy of use of certain sources of material. As covered under class E, Earthworks, Chapter 7 amends CESMM-SA to provide overhaul items. Where surfacing stone is crushed on site, similar provisions are required to adjust spray rates, spread rates and bitumen content. As above, Chapter 7 amends CESMM-SA to provide such variation in quantities items.

3.13 Rail track Class S

Class S includes track foundations, rails, sleepers, fittings, switches and crossings. It excludes overhead crane rails which is covered by class M and concrete track foundations which is covered by classes F and G. Provision is made in this class for the taking up of track, rails, turnouts and crossings. These would be excluded from class D item D 1 0 0. Rule A3 requires the amount of dismantling and the disposal requirements to be stated in the item descriptions. As items for lifting, packing and slewing are measured by number, the length of track involved, the maximum distance of slew and the maximum lift to be stated in the item descriptions (rule A5). While the supply of track material is measured by its individual components, turnouts and crossings are measured as units. If materials for laying rail track is not to be supplied by the Contractor, the item descriptions should state the form in which the materials will be supplied and the location of the supply.

3.14 Tunnels Class T

Class T includes excavation, lining and securing of tunnels, shafts and other subterranean cavities. It excludes a) b) c) d) e) Geotechnical processes carried out from the ground surface which is covered by class C, Filling within tunnels which is covered by class E, Reinforcement in in situ lining which is covered by class G, Pipelaying in headings, tunnels and shafts which is covered by classes I, J, K and L, Cut and cover tunnels which is covered by the classes dealing with the tunnels construction components.

26

Unlike earthworks and excavation for pipelaying, in tunneling the risk of support of excavation is removed from the Contractor by the provision of support and stabilization items (T 8 * *). The reason for this is because the characteristics of the ground, which could vary considerably along the length of the tunnel, and which is such a dominant factor in the planning, design and construction of the works, is only revealed as the tunnel advances and the tenderer cannot be expected to allow for all eventualities that may arise. It also provides the designer the opportunity to vary the design to suit the conditions. This type of work is not covered in Civil Engineering Quantities 1990 or its SABS 1200 specifications.

3.15 Brickwork, blockwork and masonry Class U

What Class U includes is given by stating what it does not include i.e. a) b) Brickwork in manholes and other brickwork incidental to pipework which is included in class K, Brickwork in sewer renovation which is covered in class Y.

Class U covers a wide range of brickwork, blockwork and masonry from massive masonry in breakwater or dock wall to isolated panels of ordinary house bricks. Because the items provided attempt to cover such a wide range of uses, item descriptions must be considerable expanded as required by rules A1 to A5. Civil Engineering Quantities 1990 does not cover brickwork, blockwork or masonry except for stone pitching (stone masonry) through its SABS 1200 DK specification. None of the items U 1-8 appear to cover stone pitching. As Ashlar masonry and rubble masonry are uncommon in southern Africa, these items have been amended in Chapter 7 to cover Stone masonry, grouted and stone masonry, wired and grouted. If plain pitching (plain stone masonry) or wired pitching (wired stone masonry) is required an item U 9 * * must be created. Where weepholes (other than the omission of grouting in specified locations to release pore water pressure) are required in grouted stone masonry, they should be described and billed under item U 7or8 8 7. If required, geotextile (or geomembrane) should be described and billed under item U 7or8 8 9.

3.16 Painting Class V

Class V covers in situ painting and excludes painting carried out prior to delivery of components to the Site. It is a fairly simple class in which the first division covers different coating materials, the second division the surfaces to be painted and the third division differentiates between the configurations of the surfaces. Reparation of the surfaces to be painted is deemed to be included in painting (rule C1). Item descriptions must state the preparation required (rule A2) and the number of coats and the dry film thicknesses required of the particular coating material (rule A1). Where the specification specifies a total coating system, such painting may be billed under an item V 9 0 0 in for which the description states the item to be painted and the system to be applied.

27

The item V * 1-6 8, isolated groups of surfaces, offers the bill compiler an item in which to describe the item to be painted without breaking it up into its various categories of surfaces.

3.17 Waterproofing Class W

Class W includes damp roofing, tanking and roofing. It excludes a) b) c) Waterproofed joints which are included in classes C, G, H, I, J, K, R, T, U, X and Y, Damp proof courses in brickwork, blockwork and masonry which are included in class U, Surface finishes and linings in simple building works incidental to civil engineering works which is included in class Z.

Class W is similar to class V except that the first division covers the type of work, the second division the material concerned and the third division the configuration of the surfaces to be water proofed. In terms of rule C1 items for waterproofing are deemed to include preparing the surfaces, forming joints, overlaps mitres, angles, fillets, built-up edges and laying to falls and cambers. As with painting, in terms of rule A1, item descriptions must state the number and thicknesses of coatings or layers for the particular material. The items W 1-4 * 8, isolated groups of surfaces, offers the bill compiler items in which to describe the item to be waterproofed without breaking it up into its various categories of surfaces.

3.18 Miscellaneous work Class X

Class X includes a) Fences, gates and their foundations, b) Drainage to structures above ground, and c) Rock filled gabions. Drainage to structures above ground includes drainage to simple building works incidental to civil engineering works instead of under class Z. Holderbats and brackets are considered to be supports and, in terms of rule C3, are deemed to be included in the drainage items. Fences include metal guardrails and metal crash barriers. A gabion mattress is defined in rule D4 as a gabion of up to and including 300 mm thick. This differs from Civil Engineering Quantities 1990 in its SABS 1200 DK specification where the change over thickness is given as 500 mm. Items for gabions must describe the size of mesh, diameter of mesh wire, protective coating of the wire mesh and the type and grading of the filling (rule A6).

3.19 Sewer and water main renovation and ancillary works Class Y
Class Y includes a) Preparation and renovation of existing sewers and water mains, b) New manholes within the length of existing sewers, and]

28

c)

Work to existing manholes.

It excludes a) Grouting carried out from outside the sewer which is covered under class C, b) New pipework which is covered under classes I to L, c) New fittings and valves used in water main renovation which is covered under class J, d) Extras to excavation and backfilling for new manholes and other chambers which is covered under class L. There are no known national standard specifications for this type of work. Where this type of work is to be billed, the bill compiler is particularly referred to the discussion on this class in the CESMM-SA Handbook.

3.20 Simple building works incidental to civil engineering works Class Z

Class Z includes a) Carpentry and joinery b) Insulation c) Windows, doors and glazing d) Piped building services e) Ducted building services f) Cabled building services It excludes a) Drainage below ground which is covered under classes I to L, b) Ducts and trenches for electrical services below ground or outside the building which is covered under classes I to L, c) Metalwork and cladding which is covered under class N, d) Civil engineering timber works which is covered under class O, e) Brickwork, blockwork and masonry which is covered under class U, f) Painting which is covered under class V, g) Asphalt work which is covered under class W, h) Roofing and coverings which is covered under class W, i) Drainage to structures above ground which is covered under class X. The tests to be applied in order to determine whether the required building work may be billed under and in accordance with class Z instead of some other standard of measurement for building work is given in the CESMM-SA Handbook as: a) It should be simple. The works should be small enough not to merit full measurement in accordance with the building standard method of measurement. The compiler shouldalso consider the complexity of the design, such as the nature and extent of the services, and the way in which elements are to be constructed and combined. It should be incidental to the civil engineering works. The civil engineering element of the project should totally dominate the building element.

b)

An example of a building that would be considered to pass the above tests might be a pump house.

29

4 Application of SABS 1200 Series of Standardized Specifications to CESMM-SA

4.1 Introduction

The following lists the scheduled items of the measurement and payment clauses of the SABS 1200 series of standardized specifications and gives the class and coded item of CESMM-SA under which they would be billed should these specifications be used with CESMM-SA.

4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7

SABS 1200 A - General SABS 1200 AA - General (small works) SABS 1200 AB - Engineers office SABS 1200 AD - General (small dams) SABS 1200 AH - General (structural) SABS 1200 C - Site clearance

Items in SABS 1200 C are covered by CESMM-SA as follows: a) Clear and grub (8.2.1 of SABS 1200 C) is covered under class D by D 1 0 0 which in terms of rule D1 of class D includes the demolition and removal of all articles, objects and obstructions which are expressly required to be cleared, except those for which separate items are given as set out in this class. The unit of measurement is the ha with no option of m or km. Remove and grub large trees and tree stumps of girth (8.2.2 of SABS 1200 C) is covered under class D by D 2 * 0. This CESMM-SA item begins at girth 500 mm and not 1 m as in 8.2.2. In terms of rule C3 of class D clearance of trees includes the removal of the stumps where they are also required to be removed. This implies that Scope of Work or the billed item description should state whether the removal of the trees stumps is required. Where there are stumps only to be removed this is covered under class D by D 3 * 0. Removal of all trees and tree stumps regardless of girth (8.2.3 of SABS 1200 C). There is no equivalent item in CESMM-SA for this item. Where such an item is required a special item will have to be created in the Pricing Instructions or fully described in the Bill of Quantities under code number D 9 0 0. Reclear surfaces (only on instructions from the Engineer) (8.2.4 of SABS 1200 C). There is no equivalent item for such work. If the need to reclear surfaces arises, it would be as the result of

b)

c)

d)

30

site clearance being carried out too far in advance of the subsequent required operation an aspect that is in the hands of the Contractor and therefore at his risk. c) Take down existing fences (8.2.5 of SABS 1200 C). There is no equivalent item in CESMM-SA. In the case where the taking down of fences, the material from which is to be salvaged and stored (for the Employer or for later use on the Contract), the description for General clearance (D 1 0 0) should so state the requirement or, alternatively, such fence shall be excluded from General clearance by a suitable statement in its description and a new item billed for that particular fence with a D 9 code (see rule C1 of class D). Clear hedge or fence or both where not scheduled separately (8.2.6 of SABS 1200 C) is covered under class D by D 1 0 0, General clearance, and is not itemized separately. The term expressly required as used in rule D1, by definition (1.6) means (a) shown on the drawings, (b) described in the Specification, or (c) ordered by the Engineer and means that if not shown on the drawings, items to be included must be stated in the description. Dismantle and remove pipelines, electricity transmission lines, cables etc (8.2.7 of SABS 1200 C) which are above ground are covered under class D by D 1 0 0, General clearance, except for pipelines which are covered by D 6 0 0 and except that if such work is considered that the scale of the operation and/or its cost warrants a separate item it may be excluded from the description of General clearance and a separate item billed with a D9 .. code. Pipelines and cables below ground below ground are excluded from work class D. They are covered under ???? Demolish and remove structures/buildings and dismantle steelwork, etc. (8.2.8 of SABS 1200 C) is covered under class D by D 4-5 * *. Transport materials and debris to unspecified sites and dump (8.2.9 of SABS 1200 C). There is no equivalent item in CESMM-SA. Transport is deemed to be part and parcel of the item(s) which require material to be transported. It is necessary that sources and destinations are clearly specified in the Scope of Work, described in the items description or shown on the Drawings. Unspecified sites leaves the selection of site up to the Contractor and thus the haulage and the cost thereof for him to include in the relevant items. Should a particular dump site be required, it should be stated in the item description. Remove topsoil to nominal depth of 150 mm and stockpile (8.2.10 of SABS 1200 C) is material at or below the Original Surface and its removal is by definition excluded from work class D. It is covered under class E, Earthworks, by E 4 1 1.

d)

e)

f)

g)

h)

4.8

SABS 1200 D - Earthworks

Items in SABS 1200 D are covered by CESMM-SA as follows: a) Clear and strip site (8.3.1.1 of SABS 1200 D) is covered under class D by D 1 0 0, General clearance. The unit of measurement is however ha and not M2. Remove topsoil to nominal depth 150 mm (or other stated depth), stockpile and maintain (8.3.1.2 of SABS 1200 D) is covered under class E by E 4 1 0. It may be advisable to include and maintain in the item description. The unit of measurement is however m3 and not m2. The terms bulk excavation and restricted excavation are not defined in CESMM-SA and should not be used. Excavation for foundations (E 3 0 0) is, by its nature, restricted and in any case determined from its dimensions or description i.e the structure for which the excavation is required and which is stated in the description (see rules A3 and A6). Whether excavation for cuttings (E

b)

c)

31

2) and General excavation (E 4) is bulk or restricted is for the Contractor to decide and price accordingly as it is he who determines his method of excavation from the dimensions shown on the drawings or from the item description. d) Excavate in all materials and use for embankment or backfill or dispose, as ordered (8.3.2(a) of SABS 1200 D) is covered under class E by four separate items i.e. General excavation, material other than topsoil, rock or artificial hard material by E 4 2 0; Filling, embankments by E 6 2 3; Filling to structures by E 6 1 3 and Excavation ancillaries, disposal of excavated material by E 5 3 2. Except that excavation for pipe trenches is included with pipe laying under Class I, as for (d) above, Excavate for restricted foundations, footings and pipe trenches in all materials and use for backfill or embankment or dispose (8.3.3 of SABS 1200 D) is covered under class E by four separate items i.e. Excavation for foundations, material other than topsoil, rock or artificial hard material by E 3 2; Filling to structures by E 6 1 3; Filling, embankments by E 6 2 3 and Excavation ancillaries, disposal of excavated material by E 5 3 2. Extra-over for intermediate, hard rock and boulder class A and B excavation become excavation items in their own right i.e. items whose measurement is not included in any other item. Hard rock is covered under class E by E1-4 3 0. Intermediate and boulder class A and B excavation is not provided for in CESMM-SA and if required, items for such excavation must be created in the Pricing Instructions. Extra-over for importation of materials from commercial sources or from borrow pits (8.3.4(a) of SABS 1200 D) is covered under class E by two separate items in their own right i.e. General excavation, from borrow pits, material other than topsoil, rock or artificial hard material by E 4 2 * and Filling (to structures, embankments, general or to stated depth or thickness), imported natural material other than topsoil or rock from commercial sources by E 6 * 5 (see rules D3 and A5 of class E). Opening up and closing down of designated borrow pit (8.3.4(b) of SABS 1200 D). There is no specific item for this work in CESMM-SA. As such it is inferred that it is deemed to be included in excavation within borrow pits. Dealing with overburden (8.3.4(c) of SABS 1200 D) is deemed to be covered by General excavation in borrow pits in terms of rule C2 of class E. Extra Excavation in all Materials to Provide Working Space around Structures (8.3.5 of SABS 1200 D is deemed to be included in the item for excavation and left for the Contractor to assess the space needed and to include the cost thereof in his tendered rates (see rule C1 of class E). Overhaul (8.3.6 of SABS 1200 D). There is no equivalent item in CESMM-SA. Transport is deemed to be part and parcel of the item(s) which require material to be transported. However in South African conditions and to allow decisions to be taken on site regarding the use of the material exposed in excavating in cuttings and in borrow pits, overhaul items have been created in chapter 7. Additional Lateral Support (8.3.7 of 1200 D). There is no equivalent item in CESMM-SA. Upholding sides of excavation is deemed to be included in the item for excavation and thus left for the Contractor to assess the need for such and to include the cost thereof in his tendered rates (see rule C1). Should Additional lateral support be required, a new item would need to be established in the Pricing Instructions or fully described in the Bill of Quantities under code number D 9 0 0. Existing Services (8.3.8 of SABS 1200 D). There is no specific item for Supply . of specialist equipment for detection existing services (8.3.8.1(a) of SABS 1200 D) or for The use or hire of

e)

f)

g)

h)

i)

k)

l)

m)

n)

32

specialist equipment for detection (8.3.8.1(b) of SABS 1200 D) in CESMM-SA. However this work could be included as a Provisional sum(s) under Class A. o) Excavate by hand in soft material to expose . service (8.3.8.1(c) of SABS 1200 D) in terms of rule A6 of class E is covered under class E by E 4 2 * with the item description stating that it is to expose . service. Dealing with services that are at risk because of the construction of earthworks (8.3.8.2 of SABS 1200 D) ???? Extra-over for Backfill or for Fill Material against Structures (8.3.9 of SABS 1200 D) is covered under class E by two separate items in their own right as Filling to structures by E 6 1 * and as Filling, embankments around structures by E 6 2. Topsoiling (8.3.10 of SABS 1200 D) is covered by under class E by E 8 2 or 3 1 or 2, Filling, general or embankments, excavated or imported topsoil. Grassing or other vegetation cover (8.3.11 of SABS 1200 D) is covered under class E by E 8 0 0, Landscaping. Road traffic signs and markings (8.3.12 of SABS 1200 D) is covered under class R by R 8 1 and R 8 2. Daywork (8.3.13 of SABS 1200 D is covered under Class A by A 4 1, Provisional sums, daywork.

p)

q)

r)

s)

t)

u)

4.9

SABS 1200 DA - Earthworks (small works)

Items in SABS 1200 DA are covered by CESMM-SA in a similar manner to that set out above for SABS 1200 D.

4.10 SABS 1200 DB - Earthworks (pipe trenches)

Items in SABS 1200 DB are covered by CESMM-SA as follows: a) Clear vegetation and trees of girth up to I m (8.3.1(a) of SABS 1200 DB) is covered under class D by D 1 0 0, General clearance. Clear trees of girth over 1,0 m and designated obstacles (8.3.1(b) of SABS 1200 DB). Clear trees is covered under class D by D 1 2 0. Clear stumps is covered under class D by D 3 0 0. Clear designated obstacles is covered under Class D by D 4 0 0 for buildings; by D 5 0 0 for other structures and by D 6 0 0 for pipelines above ground, as applicable. Pipelines below ground is covered under ?????. (See also (b) under SABS 1200 C). Remove topsoil (8.3.1(c) of SABS 1200 DB) is covered under class E by E 4 1 0. Excavate in all materials for trenches, backfill, compact and dispose of surplus material (8.3.2(a) of SABS 1200 DB) is covered under class I by I * * 2 to 8 for pipes in trenches (see rule C2 of class I). Except for intermediate excavation, Extra-over item (a) above for intermediate and hard rock excavation (8.3.2(b) of SABS 1200 DB) is covered under class L by L 1 1 1, Extras to excavation and backfilling, in pipe trenches, excavation in rock. Intermediate excavation is not provided for in

b)

c) d)

e)

33

CESMM-SA and if required, an item for such excavation must be created in the Pricing Instructions. f) Excavate and dispose of unsuitable material from trench bottom (8.3.2(c) of SABS 1200 DB) is covered under class L by L 1 1 8, Extras to excavation and backfilling, in pipe trenches, excavation of natural material below Final Surface and backfilling with stated material other than concrete. Make up deficiency in backfill material (8.3.3.1 of SABS 1200 DB) is covered under class L by L 1 1 6, Extras to excavation and backfilling, in pipe trenches, backfilling with stated material other than concrete. Rule M7 of class L states that backfilling above the Final Surface shall be measured only where it is expressly required that the material excavated shall not be used for backfilling. It can be taken that a deficiency in backfill will only arise where some excavated material is determined to be unsuitable. The stated material should indicate its source such as other necessary excavations on site; imported from designated borrow pits or imported from commercial or off-site sources selected by the Contractor. Opening up and closing down of designated borrow pit (8.3.3.2 of SABS 1200 DB). Refer to (h) under SABS 1200 D items. Compaction in road reserve (8.3.3.3 of SABS 1200 DB). There is no specific item for this work in CESMM-SA. Compaction is deemed to be included in backfilling as it is included in filling. The specification should specify the degree of compaction and the drawings should show where the pipeline crosses the road reserve and where the specified degree of compaction in road reserves is required. Alternatively, the item for pipelaying in trenches should distinguish between in road reserves and outside of road reserves. Overhaul (8.3.3.4 of SABS 1200 DB). Refer to (l) under SABS 1200 D items. Shore trench opposite structure or service (8.3.4(a) of SABS 1200 DB). Upholding sides of excavation is deemed to be included in the item for pipes in trenches and thus left for the Contractor to assess the need for such and to include the cost thereof in his tendered rates (see rule C2 of class I). Should Shore trench opposite structure or service be specifically required, a new item would need to be created in the Pricing Instructions or fully described in the Bill of Quantities under code number D 9 0 0. Temporary works: control water inflow (8.3.4(b) of SABS 1200 DB). There is no specific item for such work in CESMM-SA. As Martin Barnes comments in his CESMM-SA Handbook, it is because dealing with all aspects of ground water is regarded in the Conditions of Contract as a Contractors risk and thus for the Contractor to include and price under his Method-Related Charges if he so wishes. However, should it be required that it is billed as a separate item it may be included as a Provisional Sum item under Class A. Existing services that intersect or adjoin a trench (8.3.5 of SABS 1200 DB) is covered under class K by K 6. This item also allows for crossing of water ways (river, stream or canal), hedges, walls and fences which are not covered by the SABS 1200 specifications. Reinstate road surfaces complete with all courses (8.3.6.1 of SABS 1200 DB) is covered under class K by K 7 3. This item also provides for the reinstatement of other areas not covered by the SABS specifications. Accommodation of traffic (8.3.7 of SABS 1200 DB) is covered under class A by A 2 7 1-4.

g)

h)

i)

j) k)

l)

m)

n)

o)

34

4.11 SABS 1200 DE - Small earth dams

Items in SABS 1200 DB are covered by CESMM-SA as follows: a) Clear and strip site (8.3.1.1 of SABS 1200 DE) is covered under class D by D 1 0 0, General clearance. The unit of measurement is however ha and not M2. Remove and grub large trees (complete with stumps) or stumps only (8.3.1.2 of SABS 1200 DE) is covered under class D by D 2 * 0 for trees with stumps. This CESMM-SA item begins at girth 500 mm and not 1 m as in 8.3.1.2. In terms of rule C3 of class D clearance of trees includes the removal of the stumps where they are also required to be removed. This implies that Scope of Work or the billed item description should state whether the removal of the trees stumps is required. Where there are stumps only to be removed this is covered under class D by D 3 * 0. Extra-over 8.3.1.1 for removal of rocks; removal and recovering of fencing and recovering of other scheduled material (8.3.1.3 8.3.1.5 of SABS 1200 DE). Refer to similar items under SABS 1200 C. Clearing of basin (8.3.1.6 of SABS 1200 DE) is covered under class D by D 1 0 0, General clearance with a distinction being made in such item between site and basin. The specification setting out the respdective standards of clearing. Remove Topsoil to Nominal Depth of 150 mm (or other Stated Depth), Stockpile, and Maintain (8.3.2 of SABS 1200 DE) is covered under class E by E 4 1 0. It may be advisable to include and maintain in the item description. The unit of measurement is however m3 and not m2. Excavation Material unsuitable for embankment (8.3.3(a) of SABS 1200 DE) is covered under class E by E 4 2 and E 5 3 2. Excavation Material suitable for embankment from essential excavations (8.3.3(b) of SABS 1200 DE) is covered under class E by E 4 2, with the description stating from which essential excavation it is to be excavated. Excavation Extra-over (b) (1) (4) for excavation in intermediate and hard rock material (8.3.3(c) of SABS 1200 DE). Refer to (f) of SABS 1200 D items. Preparation of Exposed Surfaces (8.3.4 of SABS 1200 DE) is covered under class E by E 5 2 2-3. Forming Embankment (8.3.5 of SABS 1200 DE) is covered under class E by E 6 2 1-8 with the item distinguishing between the zone of the embankment being filled and the material being used. Toe Drain, Complete Construction (8.3.6 of SABS 1200 DE). There is no equivalent item in CESMM-SA for this item. Where such an item is required a special item will have to be created in the Pricing Instructions or fully described in the Bill of Quantities under code number D 9 0 0. Extra-Over 8.3.5 for Forming Trial Embankment (8.3.7 of SABS 1200 DE). There is no equivalent item in CESMM-SA for this item. Where such an item is required a special item will have to be created in the Pricing Instructions or fully described in the Bill of Quantities under code number D 9 0 0. Overhaul (8.3.8 of SABS 1200 DE). Refer to (l) of SABS 1200 D items. Topsoiling (8.3.9 of SABS 1200 DE). Refer to (r) of SABS 1200 D items. Pitching/Gabions (8.3.10 of SABS 1200 DE) is covered under class X.

b)

c)

d)

e)

f)

g)

h)

i) j)

k)

l)

m) n) o)

35

4.12 SABS 1200 DK Gabions and pitching

Items in SABS 1200 DK are covered by CESMM-SA as follows: a) Surface preparation for bedding of gabions (8.2.1 of SABS 1200 DK). There is no equivalent item for this work. In terms of the principles of CESMM-SA, the preparation for work is considered part of the work and thus this work is part of the work to be included with Rock filled gabions under class X by item X 4. The Scope of Work should state the material to be used in filling in cavities. Gabions (8.2.2 of SABS 1200 DK) is covered under class X by X 4. Extra-over 8.2.2 for packing selected stone for exposed face (8.2.3 of SABS 1200 DK). There is no equivalent item for this work. In terms of rule A6 of class X, the description of the item must give the details of the requirements for the gabions which includes the stone packing. Geotextile (or geomembrane) (8.2.4 of SABS 1200 DK) is covered under class E by E 7 3. Pitching (8.2.5 of SABS 1200 DK). There is no equivalent item in CESMM-SA for pitching but pitching is similar to the type of work covered by this class. Consequently it can be included under class U as a new item coded U 9 with the description detailing the type of pitching. Backing for pitching (8.2.5 of SABS 1200 DK). There is no equivalent item in CESMM-SA. The backing must either be detailed as part of the pitching under (e) above or a new item must be created in the Pricing Assumpruins. Weepholes (8.2.6 of SABS 1200 DK) is covered under class U by U 9 8 7.

b) c)

d) e)

f)

g)

4.13 SABS 1200 DM - Earthworks (roads, subgrade)

a) Preparation and stripping of Site/removal of topsoil to stated depth, stockpiling, and maintaining (8.3.2(a) of SABS 1200 DM) is covered under class E by E 4 1 0. It may be advisable to include and maintain in the item description. Preparation and stripping of Site/removal, haulage, and spreading of topsoil (8.3.2(b) of SABS 1200 DM) is covered under class E by two items viz. by E 4 1 0 for the removal of the topsoil and E 6 * 1 for the placing of the topsoil. Treatment of road-bed (8.3.3 of SABS 1200 DM). There are no equivalent items in CESMM-SA to cover this work. New items will need to be created. See chapter 7. Cut to fill, borrow to fill (8.3.4 of SABS 1200 DM) is covered under class E by three separate items viz, by E 2 2 *, Excavation for cuttings, material other than topsoil, rock or artificial hard material; by E 4 2 ^, General excavation within borrow pits (see rule A5 of class E), material other than topsoil, rock or artificial hard material and by E 6 2 3, Filling, embankments, non-selected excavated material other than topsoil or rock. Selected layer compacted to 93% of modified AASHTO maximum density (8.3.5 of SABS 1200 DM) is covered under class E by E 6 4 4, Filling, to stated thickness, selected excavated material other than topsoil or rock or by E 6 4 5, Filling, to stated thickness, imported natural material other than topsoil or rock, depending on the source of the selected material.

b)

c)

d)

e)

36

f)

Extra-over items 8.3.4 and 8.3.5 for excavating and breaking down material in intermediate, hard, or class A or B boulder excavation (8.3.6 of SABS 1200 DM) becomes an item(s) in its own right and is covered under class E by E 2 3 *, Excavation for cuttings, rock and possibly by E 4 3 *, General excavation within borrow pits (see rule A5 of class E), rock, depending on the definition of rock and whether such material will be required from borrow pits. It will be necessary to state in the description that the item includes the breaking down of the material to a size suitable for its intended purpose. The various materials other than rock needs to be dealt with?????? Cut to spoil or stockpile (from soft, intermediate hard or class A or B boulder excavation) (8.3.7 of SABS 1200 DM) is covered under class E by two items for each of spoil and stockpile viz. by E 2 * * for the excavation and E 5 3 * for the spoiling of the excavated material and by E 2 * * for the excavation and E 5 4 * for the stockpiling of the excavated material. In each case the respective material excavated is to be indicated by the appropriate code. The various materials other than rock needs to be dealt with?????? The reference to stockpile in this item indicates that double handling is expressly required (see rule M13 of class E). Removal of oversize material (8.3.8 of SABS 1200 DM). There is no equivalent item in CESMMSA for this work. A new item will need to be created (see chapter 7). Overbreak of excavation in intermediate, hard, or class A or B boulder excavation intermediate, hard, or class A or B boulder excavation (8.3.9 of SABS 1200 DM). There is no equivalent item in CESMM-SA for this work. Overbreak is deemed to be the Contractors risk and for him to assess and include for in his tendered rates for the material being excavated. Material bladed to windrow (8.3.10 of SABS 1200 DM). There is no equivalent item in CESMMSA for this work. A new item may need to be created for this work??? Extra-over items 8.3.2, 8.3.4, or 8.3.5 for temporary stockpiling of material (8.3.11 of SABS 1200 DM) is covered under class E by E 5 4 *, Excavation ancillaries, double handling of excavated material. Note in terms of rule D5 of class E, double handling does not apply to topsoil, rock or artificial hard material unless otherwise stated in the item description. Overhaul (8.3.12 of SABS 1200 DM). (See (l) under SABS 1200 D items). Surface finishes topsoil (8.3.13(a) of SABS 1200 DM) is covered under class E by E 6 2 2, Filling, embankments, excavated topsoil or by E 6 2 2 for imported topsoil. Catchwater mounds and channels and mitre banks and channels (8.3.15 of SABS 1200 DM) is covered under class E by E 4 2 3, General excavation, is covered by material other than topsoil, rock or artificial hard material, maximum depth 0,5-1 m catchwater channels and by E 6 3 3, Filling, general, non-selected excavated material other than topsoil and rock for catchwater mounds and mitre banks. Gravel surface layer is covered under class R by R1 suitably amended for the quality of material to be used in the layer. See chapter 7. .

g)

h)

i)

j)

k)

l) m)

n)

o)

4.14 SABS 1200 DN - Earthworks (railway sidings)

a)

Site preparation and removal of topsoil (8.3.2 of SABS 1200 DN) is covered under class E by E 4
1 0. Preparation for fill (8.3.3 of SABS 1200 DN). There is no equivalent item in CESMM-SA for this work. See (c) under SABS 1200 DM items.

b)

37

c)

Cut to fill, cut to spoil, borrow to bank, excavate for structures in all materials, and compact all fill or bank (8.3.4(a) of SABS 1200 DN). See the similar items under SABS 1200 DM items. Extra-over item (a) above for compaction to 95 % (8.3.4(b) of SABS 1200 DN). Compacted fill is covered under class E by E 8 2 * (see rule C3 of class E). In terms of rule A11 of class E the 95% compaction requirement must be stated in the item description. Extra-over item (a) above for intermediate or hard rock excavation (8.3.4(c) of SABS 1200 DN). See (f) of SABS 1200 D items. Replace unsuitable in-situ material, where ordered after formation graded (8.3.4(d) of SABS 1200 DN) is covered under class E by E 5 6 0. Overhaul (8.3.5 of SABS 1200 DN). See (l) of SABS 1200 D items. Catchwater drains (8.3.6 of SABS 1200 DN). See (n) of SABS 1200 DM items. Downlets (8.3.7 of SABS 1200 DN). There is no equivalent item in CESMM-SA for this work. This work must be billed under its constituent components of work or a new item created referring to the drawing where a downlet is fully detailed. Topsoiling (8.3.8(a) of SABS 1200 DN) is covered by under class E by E 8 2 or 3 1 or 2, Filling, general or embankments, excavated or imported topsoil. Grassing or other cover (8.3.8(b) of SABS 1200 DN is covered under class E by E 8 0 0, Landscaping.

d)

e)

f)

g) h) i)

j)

k)

4.15 SABS 1200 F - Piling

a) b) Establishment on Site for Piling (8.2.1 of SABS 1200 F) is covered under class A by A 3 3 7 or 8. Move Equipment to and set up at each Pile Position (8.2.2 of SABS 1200 F) is covered under class P by the items that state the number of piles (see for example rule M2). Standing Time (8.2.3 of SABS 1200 F) is not covered in CESMM-SA. It is considered an aspect that becomes a claim by the Contractor. Should it be considered desirable to obtain a tendered rate in anticipation of such a claim, a special item will have to be created. Auger or Bore Holes for Piles of under class Q by Q 1 1 *. (diameter and depth range) (8.2.4 of SABS 1200 F) is covered

c)

d)

e)

Extra-over, irrespective of Depth, for Augering or Boring Holes through Obstructions consisting of .. (8.2.5 of SABS 1200 F) is covered under class Q by Q 7. Drive Temporary Casing for Driven Displacement Piling Systems to form Holes for Piles of (diameter and depth range) (8.2.6 of SABS 1200 F) is covered under class P by P 2 * *. It is advisable to ensure the description indicates that the steel casing is temporary. Manufacture, Supply, and Deliver Prefabricated Piles (8.2.7 of SABS 1200 F) is covered under class P by P 3 or 4. Installation of Prefabricated Piles (8.2.8 of SABS 1200 F) is covered under class P by P 3 or 4. The supply and installation is covered under one item.

f)

g)

h)

38

i)

Install Piles through Unscheduled Obstructions (8.2.9 of SABS 1200 F) is covered under class Q by Q 7. Extra-over 8.2.4, 6.2.6, and 8.2.8 for Raking Piles (8.2.10 of SABS 1200 F) is not covered as a separate item and the rake should form part of the description of the item. Forming of Underreams for Piles of Q by Q 1 5. (diameter) (8.2.11 of SABS 1200 F) is covered under class

j)

k)

l)

Forming of Bulbous Bases for Piles of (diameter) (8.2.12 of SABS 1200 F) is covered under class Q by Q 1 5. The item description should indicate it to be a bulbous base. Extra-over 8.2.4 for Socketing Piles into Rock Formation of 1200 F) is covered under class Q by Q 7. (class of rock) (8.2.13 of SABS

m)

n)

Install and Remove Temporary Casings in Augered Holes as Directed in Writing for Piles of (diameter) (8.2.14 of SABS 1200 F) is not specifically covered by CESMM-SA and the use of temporary casing must either be included in the item description or a special item must be created for it. Install Permanent Pile Casings as Directed in Writing for Piles of (8.2.15 of SABS 1200 F) is covered under class Q by Q 1 3 *. (diameter and wall thickness)

o)

p)

Steel Reinforcement in Cast-in-Situ Piles (8.2.16 of SABS 1200 F) is covered under class Q by Q 2 1 *. Concrete for Cast-in-Situ Piles, Underreams, Bulbous Bases, and Sockets (grade of concrete) (8.2.17 of SABS 1200 F) is covered under class P by P 1-2 * *. Extra-over 8.2.17 for Concrete Cast under Water (8.2.18 of SABS 1200 F) is not specifically covered by CESMM-SA and must either be stated in the description of the appropriate piling item or a special item must be created for it. Splice/Join Prefabricated Piles for Lengthening (8.2.19 of SABS 1200 F) is covered under class Q by Q 3 5-6 *. Strip/Cut Pile Heads (8.2.20 of SABS 1200 F) is covered under class Q by Q 3 7 *. Establishment on Site for Load Testing of Piles (8.2.21 of SABS 1200 F) is covered under class A but an item will need to be created for it. Load Test on Piles (8.2.22 of SABS 1200 F) is covered under class A by A 2 6 0. Additional Foundation Investigations (8.2.23 of SABS 1200 F) is covered under class B. Concrete in Cast-in-Situ Piles (8.2.24 of SABS 1200 F) is covered under class P by P 1-2 * *. Underreams for Piles Scheduled under 8.2.24 (8.2.25 of SABS 1200 F) is covered under class Q by Q 1 5 *. The concrete in the underream being covered by the pile item. Bulbous Bases for Piles Scheduled under 8.2.24 (8.2.26 of SABS 1200 F) is covered under class Q by Q 1 5 *. The concrete in the underream being covered by the pile item. .

q)

r)

s)

t) u)

v) w) x) y)

z)

39

4.16 SABS 1200 G - Concrete (structural)

a) Rough formwork (8.2.1 of SABS 1200 G) is covered under class G by G 1 * and must be subdivided by its shape, inclination and width; purpose or structural item as provided by the second and third divisions of class F. Smooth formwork (8.2.2 of SABS 1200 G) is termed fair finish and is covered under class G by G 2 * and must be subdivided as in (d) above. Special Smooth, Repaired and Rubbed (8.2.3 of SABS 1200 G) finish is covered under class G by the formwork item as in (a) and (b) above and then by the subsequent treatment under B 8 2 *. Special Off-Form (8.2.4 of SABS 1200 G) finish can be covered under class G by G 4 * provided the finish is described in the description of the item and must be subdivided as in (d) above. Narrow widths (8.2.5 of SABS 1200 G) is covered under class G by (a) and (b) above with the appropriate width category of the third division. Box Out Holes/Form Voids (8.2.5 of SABS 1200 G) is covered under class G by G * 7 *. The finish must be given as one of G 1 to G 2 and its dimensions will dictate the third division category to be used. Steel bars (8.3.1 of SABS 1200 G) is covered under class G by G 5 *. The type of bar must be distinguished by the use of the G 5 1 * to G 5 3 *, The size of bar must be distinguished by the use of the appropriate third division category, High-Tensile Welded Mesh (8.3.2 of SABS 1200 G) is covered under class G by G 5 6 ^ except that the SABS specification for the mesh must be given in the item description. The mass of mesh must be distinguished by the use of the appropriate third division category, Rails or other Steel Sections used as Reinforcement (8.3.3 of SABS 1200 G) must be billed under F 5 9 0 of class F and be fully described (see clause 4.5). Prescribed mix concrete (8.4.1 of SABS 1200 G) is covered under class F by F 4 0 0 provided that the mix proportions are stated in the contract (rule D4). Where the applicable specification lists more than one prescribed mix, the description must identify the mix. Where more than one mix is used in a bill of quantities the item numbers must be F 4 0 0 . 1, F 4 0 0 . 2 etc. The placing of the prescribed mix concrete must be dealt with under F 5 * to F 7*. Blinding layer (8.4.2 of SABS 1200 G) is covered under class F by F 5 1 * for the placing thereof, The provision of the blinding concrete must be included under F 1 * to F 4 0 0 depending on how the mix is specified. Strength Concrete, Grade (8.4.3 of SABS 1200 G) ,,,,,,,,,,,,, is termed design mix and is covered under class F by F 2 * and F 3 *. The placing of the concrete is covered by F 5 * to F 7* and must be billed according to the type and dimensions of the structure or part of the structure in which it is to be placed. Unformed Surface Finishes (8.4.4 of SABS 1200 G) are covered under class G by G 8 1 *. Aggregate (8.4.5 of SABS 1200 G) is not provided for in CESSM3. A special item will need to be created for such work. Cement (8.4.6 of SABS 1200 G) is not provided for in CESSM3. A special item will need to be created for such work.

b)

c)

d)

e)

f)

g)

h)

i)

k)

l)

m)

n) o)

p)

40

q)

Joints (8.5 of SABS 1200 G) are covered under class F by F 8 *. The different types of joints and their various components must be identified by the use of the various categories of the second and third divisions and what ever addition descriptions as necessary. Manufacture (or supply) and erect Precast Elements is covered under class H. See under SABS 1200 GE items. Grouting under bases (or beds) (8.7(a) of SABS 1200 G) is covered under class G by G 6 4 *. Grouting HD bolts etc (8.7(b) of SABS 1200 G) is not provided for in CESSM3. A special item will need to be created for such work. HD Bolts and Miscellaneous Metal Work (8.8 of SABS 1200 G) is covered under class G by G 8 3 * with the necessary additional description to identify the insert.

r)

s) t)

u)

4.17 SABS 1200 GA - Concrete (small works)

a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) i) k) l) m) Rough formwork (8.2.1 of SABS 1200 GA). See (a) of SABS 1200 G items. Smooth formwork (8.2.2 of SABS 1200 GA). See (b) of SABS 1200 G items Narrow widths (8.2.3 of SABS 1200 GA). See (e) of SABS 1200 G items. Box Out Holes/Form Voids (8.2.4 of SABS 1200 GA). See (f) of SABS 1200 G items Steel bars (8.3.1 of SABS 1200 GA). See (g) of SABS 1200 G items. High-Tensile Welded Mesh (8.3.2 of SABS 1200 GA). See (h) of SABS 1200 G items Prescribed mix concrete (8.4.1 of SABS 1200 GA). See (k) of SABS 1200 G items. Blinding layer (8.4.2 of SABS 1200 GA). See (l) of SABS 1200 G items. Strength Concrete, Grade (8.4.3 of SABS 1200 GA). See (m) of SABS 1200 G items. Unformed Surface Finishes (8.4.4 of SABS 1200 GA). See (n) of SABS 1200 G items Joints (8.5 of SABS 1200 GA. See (q) of SABS 1200 G items. Manufacture (or supply) and erect Precast Elements is covered by class H. See under SABS 1200 GE items. Grouting under bases (or beds) (8.7(a) of SABS 1200 GA). See (s) of SABS 1200 G items. Grouting HD bolts etc (8.7(b) of SABS 1200 GA). See (t) of SABS 1200 G items. HD Bolts and Miscellaneous Metal Work (8.8 of SABS 1200 GA). See (u) of SABS 1200 G items.

n) o) p)

41

4.18 SABS 1200 GB - Concrete (ordinary buildings)

a) Formwork (8.2.1 (a) and (b) of SABS 1200 GB) is covered by (a) and (c) under Items in SABS 1200 G above. Formwork (8.2.1 (c) of SABS 1200 GB) is covered by (c) under Items in SABS 1200 G above. Narrow widths (8.2.2 of SABS 1200 GB) is covered by (e) under Items in SABS 1200 G above. Box Out Holes/Form Voids (8.2.3 of SABS 1200 GB) is covered by (f) under Items in SABS 1200 G above. Reinforcement (8.2.4 (a) of SABS 1200 GB) is covered by (g) under Items in SABS 1200 G above. Reinforcement (8.2.4 (b) of SABS 1200 GB) is covered by (j) under Items in SABS 1200 G above. Reinforcement (8.2.4 (c) of SABS 1200 GB) is covered by (h) under Items in SABS 1200 G above. Concrete (8.2.5(a) to (c) of SABS 1200 GB) is covered by (a) and (c) under Items in SABS 1200 G above. Concrete (8.2.5(d) of SABS 1200 GB) is covered by (b) under Items in SABS 1200 G above. Concrete (8.2.5(e) of SABS 1200 GB) is covered by (a) and (c) under Items in SABS 1200 G above with the addition to the item description that the concrete is expressly required to be cast against an excavated surface, rule A2. (It must be noted that where concrete is expressly required to be cast against an excavated surface, rule M11 of class E requires preparation of the excavated surface to be measured.) Concrete (8.2.5(f) of SABS 1200 GB) is covered under class H. Unformed Concrete Surface Finishes (8.2.6 of SABS 1200 GB) is covered by is covered by (j) under Items in SABS 1200 G above. Special Facework finishes (8.2.7 of SABS 1200 GB) is covered by (c) under Items in SABS 1200 G above. Joints (8.2.8 of SABS 1200GB) is covered by (m) under Items in SABS 1200 G above. Grouting (8.2.9 of SABS 1200 GB) is covered by (o) and (p) under Items in SABS 1200 G above. Provide HD Bolts and Miscellaneous Metal Work is covered by (g) under Items in SABS 1200 G above.

b) c) d)

e)

f)

f)

g)

h) i)

j) k)

m n) o

4.19 SABS 1200 GE - Precast concrete (structural)

a) Provide Structural Precast Units (8.2.1 of SABS 1200 GE) is covered under class H by the appropriate unit of the first division suitably further focused second and third division ranges.

42

b)

Erection of Structural Precast Units (8.2.2 of SABS 1200 GE) is included in the appropriate of the above items. Quions, etc. (Wedge or Angle Blocks) (8.2.3 of SABS 1200 GE) ??

c)

d)

Concrete Paving Slabs (8.2.4 of SABS 1200 GE) is covered under class H by H 5 * unless they are standard products in which case they are covered under class R. Miscellaneous Built-in Metalwork (8.2.5 of SABS 1200 GE) is covered under class G by G 8 3 0.. Bearings, Finger and Pin Joints, etc., to Details given on Drawing (8.2.6 of SABS 1200 GE). In terms of rule C1 of class H, joints are included with the precast item. Bridge bearings are covered under class N by N 2 6 0. Load Testing of units (8.2.7 of SABS 1200 GE) is covered under class A by A 2 6 0.

e) f)

g)

4.20 SABS 1200 GF - Prestressed concrete

a) Establish on Site, Maintenance and Dismantling of Tensioning Beds and Equipment (8.2.1 of SABS 1200 GF) is covered under class A Manufacture of Precast Prestressed Units (8.2.2 of SABS 1200 GF) is covered under class H by H 3 0 0. Casting of Prestressed Units on Site; Formwork, concrete and reinforcing steel (8.2.3.1 of SABS 1200 GF), if cast in place or on casting beds on site, is covered under class F as insitu concrete (see rule D3 of class H). Supply and install sheathing and tendons (8.2.3.2 of SABS 1200 GF) is covered under class G by G 7 0 0. G 7 1 and G 7 2 being for in situ concrete and G 7 3 and G 7 4 being for precast concrete. Supply and install anchorages and couplers to suit tendons (8.2.3.3 of SABS 1200 GF) is included with the tendons. See rule A12 of class G. Post-tensioning and grouting of items (8.2.3.4 of SABS 1200 GF) is covered under class G by G 7 5 0. Grouting is deemed to be covered by the prestressing items (rule C5 of class G). Erection and Building-in of Units (8.2.4 of SABS 1200 GF) is deemed to be covered in the cost of the precast unit. Miscellaneous Built-in Steelwork (8.2.5 of SABS 1200 GF) is covered under class G by G 8 3 *. Special tests (8.2.6 of SABS 1200 GF) is covered under class A by A 2 0 0. Alternative to Subclauses (8.2.7 of SABS 1200 GF) will have to be a specific amendment to CESMM-SA if the units of measurement are required to be different from the standard.

b)

c)

d)

e)

f)

g)

h) i) j)

43

4.21 SABS 1200 H - Structural steelwork

a) Preparation of shop detail drawings (8.3.1.1 of SABS 1200 H). There is no specific item for this aspect. It is deemed to be included in the items for fabrication. Supply and fabrication of steelwork (8.3.1.2 of SABS 1200 H) is covered under class M by M 1-4 * *. Delivery to Site (8.3.2 of SABS 1200 H). There is no specific item for this aspect. It is deemed by rule C1 of class M to be included in the items for fabrication. Erection on Site (8.3.3 of SABS 1200 H) is covered under class M by M 5-7 2. Erection bolts (8.3.4 of SABS 1200 H) is covered under class M by M 7 3-7 *. Site Welding (8.3.5 of SABS 1200 H). There is no specific item for this aspect. It is deemed by rule C2 of class M to be included in the items for erection. Holding-down (HD) Bolts (8.3.6 of SABS 1200 H) is covered under class M by M 7 3-7 *. Handrails (8.3.7 of SABS 1200 H) is covered under class N by N 1 4 0 for their complete construction. Ladders, Complete and Installed (8.3.8 of SABS 1200 H) is covered under class N by N 1 4 0. Flooring, Complete and Installed with Frames (8.3.9 of SABS 1200 H) is covered under class N by N 1 6 * for the framing and N 1 7-8 0 for the flooring. Non-destructive Testing (8.3.10 of SABS 1200 H) is covered under class A by A 2 5-6 0. Commissioning (8.3.11of SABS 1200 H). There is no specific item for this aspect. It is deemed to be covered by the conditions of contract. Additional items (8.3.12of SABS 1200 H). Except for (b) trial assembly which is covered under class M by M 5-7 1 0, there are no specific items for the aspects under this clause. If needed special items will need to be created. Corrosion Protection (8.3.13 of SABS 1200 H) prior to erection is covered under class M by M 8 17 0. Treatment on Site is covered in terms of rule M8 as painting under class V.

b)

c)

d) e) f)

g) h)

i) j)

k) l)

m)

n)

4.22 SABS 1200 HA - Structural steelwork (sundry items)

a) Structural Steel (8.3.1 of SABS 1200 HA) is covered under class M by the separate items for fabrication, erection and surface treatment. Handrails (8.3.2 of SABS 1200 HA) is covered under class N by N 1 4 0 for their complete construction. Ladders, Complete and Installed (8.3.3 of SABS 1200 HA) is covered under class N by N 1 4 0. Flooring, Complete and Installed with Frames (8.3.4 of SABS 1200 HA) is covered under class N by N 1 6 * for the framing and N 1 7-8 0 for the flooring.

b)

c) d)

44

e) f)

Erection or Installation only (8.3.5 of SABS 1200 HA) is covered under class M by M 5-7 0 0. Corrosion Protection (8.3.6 of SABS 1200 H) prior to erection is covered under class M by M 8 1-7 0. Treatment on Site is covered in terms of rule M8 as paiting under class V.

4.23 SABS 1200 HB - Cladding and sheeting

a) b) Site Establishment (8.2.1 of SABS 1200 HB) is covered under class A. Supply and Install Cladding and Sheeting (8.2.2 of SABS 1200 HB) is covered under class N by N 2 1 0. Supply and Install Ancillaries (8.2.3 of SABS 1200 HB). There is no specific item for the work covered by this item. Where needed specific items will need to be developed. Painting (8.2.4 of SABS 1200 HB) is covered under class V. Testing, where Ordered (8.2.5 of SABS 1200 HB) is covered under class A by A 2 5-6 0.

c)

d) e)

4.24 SABS 1200 HC - Corrosion protection of structural steelwork

a) Surface Dressing and Repairs at Place of Fabrication (8.2.1 of SABS 1200 HC) in terms of rule C1 of class V is covered by the items for painting. The preparation to be carried out must be stated in the description of the painting item (see rule A2 of class V). Transport (8.2.2 of SABS 1200 HC) is not itemized separately it being deemed to be included in the item for painting. Surface Preparation and Coating Application (8.2.3 of SABS 1200 HC) is covered under class V by V * * *. In terms of rule A1 of class V, the item description must give the materials to be used, number of coats and film thicknesses. Establishment on Site for Corrosion Protection (8.2.4 of SABS 1200 HC) is covered under class A.

b)

c)

d)

4.25 SABS 1200 HE - Structural aluminiumwork

a) Supply and Fabrication of Aluminium Structural Work (8.2.1 of SABS 1200 HE) is covered under class M by M 1-4 * *. Delivery to Site (8.2.2 of SABS 1200 HE). There is no specific item for this aspect. It is deemed by rule C1 to be included in the items for fabrication. Erection on Site (8.2.3 of SABS 1200 HE) is covered under class M by M 5-7 2. Non-destructive Testing (8.2.4 of SABS 1200 HE) is covered under class A by A 2 5-6 0. Bolts (8.2.5 of SABS 1200 HE) is covered under class M by M 5-7 2. Anodizing (8.2.6 of SABS 1200 HE) is covered under class M by M 8 9 0. Cladding (8.2.7 of SABS 1200 HE) is covered under class N by N 2 1 0.

b)

c) d) e) f) g)

45

h)

Supply, Fabrication, and Erection of Aluminium Structure Complete to Drawing (8.2.8 of SABS 1200 HE). There is no specific item for the complete construction. It is covered under class M by the separate items for fabrication, erection and surface treatment unless a specific item is created.

4.26 SABS 1200 L - Medium-pressure pipelines

a) Supply, Lay, and Bed Pipes Complete with Couplings (8.2.1 of SABS 1200 L) is covered by the appropriate pipes of the first division of class I. Extra-over (8.2.1) for the Supplying, Laying, Fixing, and Bedding of Specials Complete with Couplings (8.2.2 of SABS 1200 L) is covered by the appropriate of the second division of class J of the appropriate pipes. Extra-over (8.2.1) for the Supplying, Fixing, and Bedding of Valves (8.2.3 of SABS 1200 L) is covered under class J by J 8 1 to J 8 7. Extra-over (8.2.1) for the Cutting of the Pipe and the Supplying and Fixing of the Extra Coupling (8.2.4 of SABS 1200 L) is deemed included in items for pipes (rule C1 of class I). Supply and Place Pipes, Valves, and Specials (Short pipe runs) (8.2.4 of SABS 1200 L) is not catered for in CESMM-SA and if measuring pipe by length and valves and specials by number is not acceptable, a special item will have to be established. Extra-over (8.2.1 or 8.2.2 or 8.2.3) for the supplying and installing joints with machined collars and special couplings (8.2.6 of SABS 1200 L) is coveredunder class J by J 8 1 to J 8 8. Extra-over (8.2.1) for Encasing Joints (8.2.7 of SABS 1200 L) is covered under class L by L 5 4-5 provided the item states that it is the joints only that are to be so protected. Recover Old Pipeline (8.2.8 of SABS 1200 L) is covered Test recovered pipes on site before relaying (8.2.9(a) of SABS 1200 L) is covered under class A by A 2 5 0. Relay pipeline relaying (8.2.9(b) of SABS 1200 L) is covered under class I with the appropriate pipe of the first division being described as recovered pipes. Joints and couplings for recovered pipeline (8.2.9(c) of SABS 1200 L) is best treated as new joints and couplings under class J. Temporary Valves, etc (8.2.10 of SABS 1200 L) is deemed to be that which is required to provide the Works and deemed to be covered by the items billed. Anchor/Thrust Blocks and Pedestals (8.2.11 of SABS 1200 L). Anchor/thrust blocks are covered under class L by L 7 *. Pedestals are covered under class L by L 8 *. Concrete casing (8.2.12 of SABS 1200 L) is covered under class L by L 5 4 or L 5 5. Valve and Hydrant Chambers (8.2.13 of SABS 1200 L) is covered under class K by K 2 *. Manholes (8.2.14 of SABS 1200 L) is covered under class K by K 1 * with the Extra-over for manholes of depth exceeding 1,5 m being dealt with by listing manholes by depth under the third division.

b)

c)

d)

e)

f)

g)

h) i)

j)

k)

l)

m)

n) o) p)

46

q)

Special Wrapping in Corrosive Soil (8.2.15 of SABS 1200 L) is covered under class L by L 6 0 0.

4.27 SABS 1200 LB - Bedding (pipes)

a) Provision of Bedding from Trench Excavation (8.2.1 of SABS 1200 LB) is covered under class L by L 3 1 * and L 3 2 *. Supply only of Bedding by Importation (8.2.2 of SABS 1200 LB) is covered under class L by L 3 3. The description should distinguish between borrow pits and commercial sources if necessary, Concrete bedding cradle (8.2.3 of SABS 1200 LB) is covered under class L by L 3-4 4-5. Encasing of Pipes in Concrete (8.2.4 of SABS 1200 LB) is covered under class L by L 5 4-5 0). Overhaul of Material for Bedding Cradle and Selected Fill Blanket (8.2.5 of SABS 1200 LB). Overhaul is not measured separately in CESMM-SA. It is deemed to be part of the work of providing the material. This assumes that the source and destination of the material is known. Where this is not the case and overhaul is required a special item must be created.

b)

c) d) e)

4.28 SABS 1200 LC - Cable ducts

a) b) Site clearance (8.2.1 of SABS 1200 LC) is covered under class D. Excavation Excavate in all materials for trenches, backfill, compact, and dispose of surplus material (8.2.2(a) of SABS 1200 LC) is covered under class K and included in the item for ducts (K 5 * 2-8). Extra-over item (a) above (8.2.2(b) of SABS 1200 LC) is covered under class L by L 1 1 1. Where an intermediate material is required to be itemized, such a material must be specified and an item created for same. Excavate unsuitable material from trench bottom and dispose of it (8.2.2(c) of SABS 1200 LC) is covered under class L by L 1 1 7-8. Shore trench at structures (8.2.3 of SABS 1200 LC) is deemed to be included as part of items for pipes in trenches (rule C2 of class I). Reinstate road surfaces complete with all courses (8.2.4 of SABS 1200 LC) is covered under class K by K 7 3 * with the description including a statement on the surfacing, base and subbase courses to be reinstated (rule A8 of class K). Supply, lay, bed, and prove duct (8.2.5 of SABS 1200 LC) is covered under class K by K 5 1-4 28. Imported bedding material, where ordered (8.2.6 of SABS 1200 LC) is covered by class L by L 3 3. Draw pits/manholes (8.2.7 of SABS 1200 LC) is covered under class by class K by K 2 *. Cable markers (8.2.8 of SABS 1200 LC) is covered under class K by K 8 2 0. Overhaul of surplus excavation (8.2.9 of SABS 1200 LC). Overhaul of Material for Bedding Cradle and Selected Fill Blanket (8.2.5 of SABS 1200 LC). Overhaul is not measured separately in CESMM-SA. It is deemed to be part of the work of providing the material. This assumes that

c)

d)

e)

f)

g) h) i)

47

the source and destination of the material is known. Where this is not the case and overhaul is required a special item must be created.

4.29 SABS 1200 LD - Sewers

a) Supply, Lay, Joint, Bed (Class ), and Test Pipeline (8.2.1 of SABS 1200 LD) is covered by the appropriate pipes of the first division of class I for the pipeline and under class L by L 3 0 for the bed with the description stating the details of the bed. Extra-over (8.2.1) for the Specials (8.2.2 of SABS 1200 LD) is covered by the appropriate of the second division of class J of the appropriate pipes. Manholes (8.2.3 of SABS 1200 LD) is covered under class K (K 1 2, 4 or 6) with the depth being dealt with by listing manholes by depth under the third division. Extra-Over Item 8.2.3 for Backdrops, etc. (8.2.4 of SABS 1200 LD) is covered under class K and included with the manhole if the manhole is so described. (see (c) above). Inspection Chambers, etc. (8.2.5 of SABS 1200 LD) is covered under class K by K 2 *. Erf Connections (8.2.6 of SABS 1200 LD) is dealt with as an ordinary length of pipeline. Encasing of Pipes in Concrete (8.2.7 of SABS 1200 LD) is covered under class L (L 5 4 or L 5 5). Anchor Blocks (8.2.8 of SABS 1200 LD is covered under class L by L 7 *. Marker Posts (8.2.9 of SABS 1200 LD) is covered under class K by K 8 2 0. Permanent Plug Stoppers (8.2.10 of SABS 1200 LC). An item must be created for this special. Connect to existing sewer at .. (8.2.11 of SABS 1200 LC) is covered under class K by K 8 5 or 6. Raising or Lowering of Existing Manholes (8.2.12 of SABS 1200 LC) is covered under class Y by Y 7 2 0 with the item description stating the work required (rule A15 of class Y).

b)

c)

d)

e) f) g) h) i) k) l) m)

4.30 SABS 1200 LE - Stormwater drainage

a) Supply and Lay Concrete Pipe Culverts (8.2.2 of SABS LE) is covered under class I by I 2 * 2-8 for an urban closed system of stormwater drainage. Rural road crossing culverts is covered under class H by H 7 0 0 and the excavation for and backfilling of them under class E. Supply and Lay Portal and Rectangular Culverts (8.2.3 of SABS LE) is covered under class H by H 7 0 0 and the excavation for and backfilling of them under class E. Extra-Over Items 8.2.1 and 8.2.2 for Supplying End Units for Culverts with a Skew of more than 20o (8.2.4 of SABS LE) is covered under class H by H 7 0 0 with the item description stating the skew details. Extra-Over Items 8.2.1 and 8.2.2 for Cutting End Units for Culverts on Site (8.2.4 of SABS LE) will require a special item to be created.

b)

c)

d)

48

e)

Cast-in-situ Concrete, Formwork, and Reinforcement Steel (8.2.5 of SABS LE) is covered under classes F and G. Concrete Backfill to Rectangular Culverts and Trench bottom (8.2.6 of SABS LE). The Backfill is covered under class E by E 6 1 8 with the description stating the details of the concrete and the trench bottom is covered under class E by E 5 6 0 with the description stating the details of the concrete. Supply and Lay Precast Concrete Inlets and Outlets to Culverts (8.2.7 of SABS LE) is covered under class H by H 7 0 0. Supply and Install Manholes, Catchpits, and the Like (8.2.8 of SABS LE) is covered under class K by K 1 * * and K 2 * 0 for manholes and catchpits respectively. Alternative to Subclause 8.2.8 (8.2.9 of SABS LE). There is no alternative. Manholes and catchpits must be fully detailed on the drawings and identified in the relevant billed item. Accessories (8.2.10 of SABS LE). There are no items for accessories. Manholes and catchpits accessories must be fully detailed on the drawings and the relevant manhole or catchpit identified in the billed item. Anchor Blocks (8.2.11 of SABS 1200 LE) is covered under class L by L 7 *. Extra-over Item 8.2.1 or 8.2.2 for Construction of Inclined Culverts (8.2.12 of SABS 1200 LE). There is no equivalent item. The Contractor is deemed to have allowed for all conditions on site and construction methods. However, where the bill compiler considers there to be a significant cost reason for identifying such conditions it is up to him to subdivide the standard items accordingly. The Raising or Lowering of Existing Manholes (8.2.13 of SABS 1200 LE) is covered under class Y by Y 7 2 0 with the item description stating the work required (rule A15 of class Y).

f)

g)

h)

i)

k)

l) m)

n)

4.31 SABS 1200 LF - Erf connections (water)

a) Provide Erf Connections Complete (8.2.1 of SABS 1200 LF). There is no equivalent item in CESMM-SA. A special item will be required to be created or dealt with as set out in (b), (c) and (d) below. Supply, Lay, and Test Erf Connections (8.2.2 of SABS 1200 LF) is covered under class Z. by Z 5 1 1. As this class is primarily for piping in buildings, it is advisable for the description to state that it includes excavation and backfilling. Extra-Over Item 8.2.2 for Specials (8.2.3 of SABS 1200 LF) is covered under class Z. by Z 5 1 2. Supply and Install Meters Complete with Couplings (8.2.4 of SABS 1200 LF) is covered under class Z. by Z 5 1 2 the special in this case being the water meter. Site Testing of Meters, when ordered (8.2.5 of SABS 1200 LF) is covered under class A. by A 2 5 0. Supply and Install Stop Taps Complete with Couplings with Special Fittings (8.2.6 of SABS 1200 LF) is covered under class Z. by Z 5 1 2 the special in this case being the stop taps with special fittings

b)

c) d)

e)

f)

49

g) h)

Supply and Install Surface Boxes (8.2.7 of SABS 1200 LF) is covered under class Markings and Marker Posts (8.2.8 of SABS 1200 LF) is covered under class K by K 8 2 0.

4.32 SABS 1200 LG - Pipe jacking

a) Jacking Establishment (8.2.1 of SABS 1200 LG) is covered under class A by A 3 4 1 with the description detailing it as for pipe jacking. Supply of Pipes to be Jacked (8.2.2 of SABS 1200 LG) is covered under class I by ! * * 1 with the description stating installation being by pipe jacking. Jacking of Pipes (8.2.3 of SABS 1200 LG) is covered under (b) above. The item covers supply and installation. Excavation for Jacking (8.2.4 of SABS 1200 LG) is deemed to be covered under class I by 1 * * 1 (see (b) above) for normal material and under class L by L 1 5 1 for other material. Extra-Over 8.2.1 and 8.2.4 for Unforeseen Rock or Boulder(s) (8.2.5 of SABS 1200 LG) is covered under class L by L 1 5 1. Supply and Install Pipes by Pipe Jacking Method, Complete with Excavations (8.2.6 of SABS 1200 LG) is covered under class I by I * * 1 with the description stating installation being by pipe jacking. Extra-Over 8.2.6 for Lengths of Pipeline greater than 85 m (8.2.7 of SABS 1200 LG). There is no equivalent for this item. The price for Item I * * 1 ((f) above) being held to cover the total length that the drawings show, or bill indicates, to be jacked. Extra-Over 8.2.6 for Excavation in Rock (8.2.8 of SABS 1200 LG) is covered under class L by L 1 5 1. Stabilization of Unstable Areas or Grouting of Voids where Ordered (8.2.9 of SABS 1200 LG) is covered under class C. Standing Time for Pipe Jacking Gang and the Jacking Equipment Covered by 8.2.1 (8.2.10 of SABS 1200 LG). There is no equivalent item. Standing time must be dealt with in terms of the Conditions of Contract, unless a specific similar item is created.

b)

c)

d)

e)

f)

g)

h)

i)

k)

4.33 SABS 1200 M - Roads (general)

There are no measurement and payment items under this specification.

4.34 SABS 1200 ME - Subbase

a) Construct the subbase course/shoulders/gravel wearing course with material excavated in all materials from borrow pits (8.3.1 of SABS 1200 ME) is covered under class R by R 1 1 or 2 *. The description to state the source as being from borrow pits. Construct the subbase course/shoulders/gravel wearing course with material from designated excavations (8.3.2 of SABS 1200 ME) is covered under class R by R 1 1 or 2 *. The description to state the source as being from designated excavations.

b)

50

c)

Construct the subbase course/shoulders/gravel wearing course with material from commercial sources or designated borrow areas (8.3.3 of SABS 1200 ME) is covered under class R by R 1 1 or 2 *. The description to state the source as being from commercial sources or designated borrow areas. Extra over item 8.3.1 for class of excavation (8.3.4 of SABS 1200 ME). There is no equivalent item. Item 8.3.1 is covered under class R by R 1 1 or 2 * which covers all types of material excavated. Process subbase material by the following processes, as relevant, and use in subbase (8.3.5 of SABS 1200 ME). There are no equivalent items. R 1 * * covers the provision of a subbase with all the required process included. Screening plant (8.3.2 of SABS 1200 ME). As above this item is not measured separately but were it so it would be covered under class A by A 3 4 3. Screened-out material not used in the subbase (8.3.7 of SABS 1200 ME). Stabilizing agent (8.3.8 of SABS 1200 ME). Overhaul (haul exceeding 2 km) (8.3.9 of SABS 1200 ME). Overburden (8.3.10 of SABS 1200 ME). . .. ..

d)

e)

f)

g) h) i) j)

4.35 SABS 1200 MFL - Base (light pavement structures)

a) Construct base with material from commercial sources (8.3.1 of SABS 1200 MFL) is covered under class R by R 1 1 or 2 *. The description to state the source as being from commercial sources and the base material. Construct base with material from designated borrow pits or quarries (8.3.2 of SABS 1200 MFL) is covered under class R by R 1 1 or 2 *. The description to state the source as being from borrow pits or quarries and the base material. Construct base with material from designated excavations (8.3.3 of SABS 1200 MFL) is covered under class R by R 1 1 or 2 *. The description to state the source as being from designated excavations and the base material. Stabilizing agent (8.3.4 of SABS 1200 MFL) .

b)

c)

d) e)

Extra over 8.3.2(b) and (d) and 8.3.3(a), as applicable, for class of excavation (8.3.5 of SABS 1200 MFL) .. Extra over 8.3.2(b) and (d) and 8.3.3(a)(2) and (b)(4), as applicable, for processing base material by the following processes as relevant (8.3.6 of SABS 1200 MFL) .. Extra over 8.3.2(b) and (d) and 8.3.3(a)(2) and (b)(4), as applicable, for processing base material by the following processes as relevant (8.3.7 of SABS 1200 MFL) .. Extra over 8.3.2 and 8.3.3, as applicable, for treatment of soluble salts using: (8.3.8 of SABS 1200 MFL) .. Extra over 8.3.2 and 8.3.3, as applicable, for additional fines (8.3.9 of SABS 1200 MFL) ..

f)

g)

h)

i)

51

j)

Screening plant/crusher plant (as applicable to 8.3.2 and 8.3.3 only) (8.3.10 of SABS 1200 MFL) .. Screened-out material not used in base (8.3.11 of SABS 1200 MFL) . .

k) l) m) n) o)

Material added to (as?) filler for waterbound macadam (8.3.12 of SABS 1200 MFL) Overhaul (8.3.13 of SABS 1200 MFL) Borrow pits (8.3.14 of SABS 1200 MFL) Royalties (8.3.15 of SABS 1200 MFL) . . .

4.36 SABS 1200 MG - Bituminous surface treatment

a) b) c) Prime coat (8.4.1 of SABS 1200 MG) is covered under class R by R 3 5 0. Curing coat (8.4.2 of SABS 1200 MG) is covered under class R by R 3 5 0. Double surface treatment, using (8.4.3 of SABS 1200 MG) is covered under class R by R 3 4 0 with the surface dressing suitably specified. Bituminous surface treatment with aggregate and slurry seal (8.4.4 of SABS 1200 MG) is covered under class R by R 3 4 0 with the slurry sealing suitably specified as including the aggregate Single surface treatment with aggregate (8.4.5 of SABS 1200 MG) is covered under class R by R 3 4 0 with the surface dressing suitably specified. Variations in quantities of prime and bituminous binders (8.4.6 of SABS 1200 MG) Variations in quantities of aggregate (8.4.7 of SABS 1200 MG) . . .

d)

e)

d) e) f) g)

Variations in rate of application of slurry seal (8.4.8 of SABS 1200 MG)

Extra-over 8.4.4 for cationic stable-mix type 60 % bitumen emulsion (8.4.9 of SABS 1200 MG) . Fog spray (in double surface treatment) consisting of (8.4.10 of SABS 1200 MG) is covered under class R by R 3 5 0. Precoated aggregate (8.4.11 of SABS 1200 MG) . .

f)

g) h) i)

Bituminous binder for sand seal surface treatment (8.4.12 of SABS 1200 MG) Sand seal aggregate (8.4.13 of SABS 1200 MG) .

4.37 SABS 1200 MH - Asphalt base and surfacing

a) b) Prime coat (8.5.1 of SABS 1200 MH) is covered under class R by R 3 5 0. Curing coat (8.5.2 of SABS 1200 MH) is covered under class R by R 3 5 0.

52

c) d) e)

Tack coat (8.5.3 of SABS 1200 MH) is covered under class R by R 3 5 0. Asphalt (8.5.4 of SABS 1200 MH) is covered under class R by R 2 * * and R 3 2 * as applicable. Variations in quantities of prime, curing coat and tack coats, and bituminous binders (8.5.5 of SABS 1200 MG) . Mineral filler (8.5.6 of SABS 1200 MG) Pre-coated chips (8.5.7 of SABS 1200 MG) . . .

f) g) h)

Variations in quantities of pre-coated chips (8.5.8 of SABS 1200 MG)

4.38 SABS 1200 MJ - Segmented paving

a) Provision of Edge Restraints (8.2.1 of SABS 1200 MJ). There is no equivalent item. Item R 7 8 * (see (b) below) is deemed to cover the complete construction. Construction of Paving Complete (8.2.2 of SABS 1200 MJ) is covered under class R by R 7 8 *. Cutting Units to fit Edge Restraints (8.2.3 of SABS 1200 MJ). There is no equivalent item. Item R 7 8 * (see (b) above) is deemed to cover the complete construction. Rolling to Locked-up Condition as Specified in 5.6.2 (8.2.4 of SABS 1200 MJ). There is no equivalent item. Item R 7 8 * (see (b) below) is deemed to cover the complete construction. Trial Section, not Part of Permanent Works (8.2.5 of SABS 1200 MJ). There is no equivalent item. If such an item is required it must be specially created.

b) c)

d)

e)

4.39 SABS 1200 MK - Kerbing and channelling

a) Concrete Kerbing (8.2.1 of SABS 1200 MK) is covered under class R by R 6 * * with the description stating the applicable standard units. Concrete Kerbing and Channelling Combined (8.2.2 of SABS 1200 MK) is covered under class R by R 6 * * with the description stating the applicable standard units. Variation of Tests on Extruded Kerbing (8.2.3 of SABS 1200 MK) is covered under class A by A 2 6 0. Depressed Kerbs (8.2.4 of SABS 1200 MK) is covered under class R by R 6 * 4 with the description stating the applicable standard units. Chutes (8.2.5 of SABS 1200 MK) is covered under class R by R 6 * * with the description stating the applicable standard units.

b)

c)

d)

e)

f)

Inlet, outlet, transition, and similar structures (measured by components) (8.2.6 of SABS 1200 MK) is covered under the respective classes of E, F and G, except that kerb and channel transitions is covered by R 6 * 5 with the description stating the applicable standard units between which the transition is to form.

53

e)

Trimming of Excavations for Concrete-Lined Open Drains (8.2.7 of SABS 1200 MK) is covered under class E by E 5 2 *. Cast-In-Situ Concrete Lining to Open Drains (8.2.8 of SABS 1200 MK) is covered under class F. Formwork to Cast-In-Situ Concrete Lining to Open Drains (8.2.9 of SABS 1200 MK) is covered under class G. Sealed Joints in Concrete Lining to Open Drains (8.2.10 of SABS 1200 MK) is covered under class G by G 6 * *. Concrete Screed or Backfill below Chute (8.2.11 of SABS 1200 MK) is covered Steel Reinforcement (8.2.12 of SABS 1200 MK) is covered under class G by G 5 * *. Sprayed Bitumen Emulsion Primer or Polyethylene Sheeting for Concrete Lined Open Drains (8.2.13 of SABS 1200 MK) ...

f) g)

h)

i) j) k)

4.40 SABS 1200 MM - Ancillary roadworks

a) b) Guardrails on posts (8.2.1 of SABS 1200 MM) Extra-Over Items 8.2.1 for Horizontally Curved Guardrails Factory-Bent to a Radius of less than 150 m (8.2.2 of SABS 1200 MM) End Units (8.2.3 of SABS 1200 MM) Additional Guardrail Posts (8.2.4 of SABS 1200 MM) Reflector Plates (8.2.5 of SABS 1200 MM) Dismantling Existing Guardrails (8.2.6 of SABS 1200 MM) Repainting Existing Guardrails (8.2.2 of SABS 1200 MM) Sign Faces with Painted or Galvanized (as stated) Background, with Painted Symbols, Characters, Legend, and Borders and with Signboards Constructed from (8.3.1 of SABS 1200 MM) is covered under class R by R 8 1 *. Provision and Application of Retro-reflective Material (8.3.2 of SABS 1200 MM) is deemed covered by the provision of the sign. Sign Supports (8.3.3 of SABS 1200 MM) is deemed covered by the provision of the sign. Excavate and Backfilling and Concreting (if any) for Sign Supports (8.3.4 of SABS 1200 MM) is deemed covered by the provision of the sign.

c) d) e) f) g) h)

i)

k) l)

m) n)

Distance markers (8.3.5 of SABS 1200 MM) is covered under class R by R 8 1 *. Statutory Signs, Street Names, and the Like, Supplied and Erected Complete (8.3.6 of SABS 1200 MM) is covered under class R by R 8 1 *.

54

o)

Dismantling and Re-erection of Road Signs having a Surface Area of (8.3.7 of SABS 1200 MM) will require a specially created item. Non-reflectorized Paint Applied at Nominal Rate of 0,42 l/m2 (for Proprietary Brand Road-Marking Material (Nominal Rate of Application and Particulars stated (8.4.1 of SABS 1200 MM) is covered under class R by R 8 2 *. Variation in Rate of Application from that Stated in Item 8.4.1 (8.4.2 of SABS 1200 MM) is covered under class R by R 8 2 * which is deemed to cover all costs in providing the finished item. Road Studs (8.4.3 of SABS 1200 MM) is covered under class R by R 8 2 1 or 2*. Setting out and Premarking (8.4.4 of SABS 1200 MM) is covered under class R by R 8 2 * which is deemed to cover all costs in providing the finished item. Guide Blocks Supplied and Erected (8. 5.1 of SABS 1200 MM). There is no equivalent item and a special item will have to be created.

p)

q)

r) s)

t)

55

Using CESMM3 in procurement documents that comply with the requirements of the SANS 10403
Introduction

5.1

Link to CIDB Standard for uniformity in construction procurement, SANS 1921 and SANS 2001

5.2

Recommended usage with GCC 2004

5.3 5.4 5.5

Recommended usage with NEC3 Recommended usage with JBCC 2000 Recommended usage with FIDIC

56

Appendix A: Handbooks and authoritative texts

There are several books and authoritative texts on CESMM-SA from ICE. These include:
Title CESMM 3 Explained Author L. Morely; Brian Spain Description A guide to the use of the new Civil Engineering Standard Methods of Measurements, this also includes a listing of alternative methods of measurement where circumstances require it. It covers all the sections in the Standard, including explanations of the In this revised edition the explanatory material and the worked examples have been separated into two sections, making the accessing of material simpler with all chapters cross referenced to the worked examples and vice versa. This change should help make the book more userfriendly. Contents Part 1 General: general principles of measurement; how it works. Part 2 Classification tables: general items; ground investigation; geotechnical and other specialist processes; demolition and site clearance; earthworks; in situ concrete; concrete ancillary

Civil Engineering Quantities

George P. Murray; Ivor H. Seeley

CESMM-SA Examples

Martin Barnes

This book provides a comprehensive range of examples of diagrams and bills of quantities based on Section 8, works classification, of CESMM-SA. It has been updated to provide coverage of the usage of the new section on water mains renovation and the completely new Class Z covering simple building works incidental to civil engineering works. The example bill pages illustrate the application of the rules of measurement in all 26 classes of CESMM-SA. The diagrams include some helpful short cuts for engineers and surveyors preparing bills of quantities.

PART 1: MEASUREMENT THEORY AND PRACTICE - Scope and Context of Civil Engineering Work Measurement - Fundamental Principles of CESSM 3 - Measurement Practice and Bill Production - CESMM 3: Classes A-D: Contract and Preparatory Site Matters - CESMM 3: Class E: Excavation, Filling and Landscaping - CESMM 3: Classes F-H: Concrete CESMM 3: Classes I-L: Pipework - CESMM 3: Classes M-O: Metalwork and Timber - CESMM 3: Classes P & Q: Piling - CESMM 3: Classes R-T: Roads, Rails and Tunnels - CESMM 3: Classes U-W: Walling, Painting and Waterproofing - CESMM 3: Classes X-Z: Miscellaneous, Renovation and Incidental Works PART 2: WORKED EXAMPLES - Demolition and Site Clearance - Excavation and Filling - Mass Concrete Retaining Wall - Precast Prestressed Concrete Beams - Pumping Chamber Sewage Holding Tank - Pumphouse - Stone Faced Sea Wall - Sewer - Water Main - Steel-Framed Gantry - Timber Jetty - Hybrid Piles - Quay with Concrete and Timber Piles - Steel Sheet Piling - Navigation Lamp Platform - Estate Road - Rail Track - Tunnel - Sewer Renovation - Water Main Renovation. Introduction Diagrams General items Ground investigation Geotechnical and other specialist processes Demolition and site clearance Earthworks In situ concrete Concrete ancillaries Precast concrete Pipework - pipes Pipework - fittings and valves Pipework - manholes and pipework ancillaries Pipework - supports and protection, ancillaries to laying and excavation Structural metalwork Miscellaneous metalwork Timber Piles Piling ancillaries Roads and pavings Rail track Tunnels Brickwork, blockwork and masonry Painting Waterproofing Miscellaneous work Sewer and water main renovation and ancillary works Simple building works incidental to civil engineering works

57

CESMM-SA Handbook

Martin Barnes

A necessary manual for engineer, project manager, quantity surveyor and student alike. Building Technology and Management, reviewing a previous edition. This third edition of the handbook has been specifically produced to be used alongside the Civil Engineering Standard Method of Measurement, third edition - CESMM-SA The handbook has been completely updated and includes new text to bring it in line with the changes and new material contained within CESMM-SA. The handbook explains the amendments which have been made to bring CESMM-SA into line with the ICE Conditions of Contract: 6th edition and with the changes in British Standards. It also covers in detail the rationale behind the new method of measurement for water mains renovation and the completely new Class Z covering simple building works incidental to civil engineering works. The CESMM-SA Handbook will remain indisputably the essential reference tool for all users of the CESMM and students of civil engineering and quantity surveying.

The CESMM-SA Price Database 1999/2000

Edited by E.C Harris

`...the CESMM-SA Price Database is a clear, concise and easy to use guide to estimating and pricing variations written specifically for the Civil Engineering Industry...` K C Knight, Managing Director Knight Civil Engineering Ltd The CESMM-SA Price Database is the most comprehensive and realistic guide to pricing and unit rate information available. Clearly segmented under Labour & Plant Gang Hours, Labour, Plant & Material prices and Total Unit Rates, the publication provides the complete range of essential Civil Engineering Price Information. The CESMM-SA Price Database has been logically compiled to provide instant access to vital cost and pricing data; additionally the extent, depth and layout of vital information within the publication means that you can quickly and confidently achieve: rapid responses to estimate requests accurate replies to tender submissions efficient contract administration

Introduction Definitions General principles Application of the Work Classification Coding and numbering of items Preparation of the Bill Quantities Completion and pricing of the Bill of Quantities by a tenderer Method-Related Charges Work Classification Class A: General items Class B: Ground investigation Class C: Geotechnical and other specialist processes Class D: Demolition and site clearance Class E: Earthworks Class F: In situ concrete Class G: Concrete ancillaries Class H: Precast concrete Class I: Pipework - pipes Class J: Pipework - fittings and valves Class K: Pipework - manholes and pipework ancillaries Class L: Pipework - supports and protection ancillaries to laying and excavation Class M: Structural metalwork Class N: Miscellaneous metalwork Class O: Timber Class P: Piles Class Q: Piling ancillaries Class R: Roads and pavings Class S: Rail track Class T: Tunnels Class U: Brickwork blockwork and masonry Classes V and W: Painting and Waterproofing Class X: Miscellaneous work Class Y: Sewer and water main renovation and ancillary works Class Z: Simple building works incidental to civil engineering works Unit pricing Approximate estimating Plant hire rates and outputs Economic forecast Working Rule Agreement Professional Government and trade bodies Technical information

58

Appendix B: An overview of the CESMM-SA work classification

Class A: General items Division
1 Contractual requirements 2 Specified requirements 3 Method related charges 4 Provisional sums 5 Nominated Sub-contracts which include work on site 6 Nominated Sub-contracts which do not include work on site 1 Trail pits and trenches 2 Light cable percussions boreholes 3 rotary drilled boreholes 4 Sample 5 Site tests and observations 6 Instrumental observations 7 Laboratory tests 8 Professional services 1 Drilling for grout holes through material other than rock or artificial hard material 2 Drilling for grout holes through rock or artificial hard material 3 Driving injection pipes for grout holes 4 Grout holes 5 Grout materials and injection 6 Diaphragm walls 7 Ground anchorages 8 Sand, band and wick drains 1 General clearance 2 Trees 3 Stumps 4 Buildings 5 other structures 6 Pipelines Excavation by dredging Excavation for cutting Excavation for foundations General excavation Excavation ancillaries Filling Filling ancillaries Landscaping

Includes
General obligations, site services and facilities, Temporary Works, testing of materials and work, Provisional Sums and Prime Cost Items Items to cover elements of the cost of the works which are not to be considered as proportional to the quantities of the Permanent Works Trail pits and trenches, boreholes, samples, sites, and laboratory tests, Instrumental observations, and professional services, in connection with ground investigation

Excludes

B: Ground investigations

Excavation not carried out for the purpose of ground investigation(included in class E) Boring for pilling (included in class P and Q)

C: Geotechnical and other specialist processes

Geotechnical processes for altering the properties of soil and rocks. Other specialist processes as listed.

Compaction (included in class E) Grouting carried out from within tunnels, shafts and other subterranean cavities(included in class T) Grouting carried out from within sewers (included in class Y)

D: Demolition and site clearance

Demolition and removal of natural and artificial articles, objects and obstructions which are above Original Surface.

Removal of articles , objects, obstructions and material (other than tree roots) at or below Original Surface (included in class C, E, I, J, K, L, R,T, X, and Y)

E: Earthworks

Excavation, compaction, landscaping

dredging, disposal

filing, and

Excavation for: Ground investigation(included in Class B) Diaphragm walls and ground anchorages (included in class C) Pipes, sewers, manhole, trenches and ditches, pipe headings, thrust boring and pipe jacking, and pipe jointing (included in class I, J, K,L and Y) Piles(included in class P and Q) Foundations for traffic signs (included in class R) Tunnels, shafts, headings and other subterranean cavities (included in class T) Foundations for fences and gates(included in class X)

59

F: In situ concrete

Provision of concrete Standard mix Designed mix Designed mix Prescribed mix Placing of concrete

G: Concrete ancillaries

Formwork: Rough finish Fair finish Other stated finish Stated surface feature Reinforcement Joints Post-tensioned prestressing Concrete accessories

Formwork for in situ concrete Reinforcement for in situ concrete Joints in in situ concrete Post-tensioned prestressing Concrete accessories in situ concrete

H: Precast concrete

Beams Prestressed pre-tensioned beams Prestressed pos-tensioned beams Columns Slabs Segmental units Units subways, culverts and ducts Coping ,sills and weir blocks

Manufacture, erection ,joining and fixing of precast units

I: Pipework pipes

J: Pipework fittings and valves

K:

Pipework

Clay pipes Concrete pipes Iron pipes Steel pipes Polyvinyl chloride pipes Glass reinforced plastic pipes High density polyethylene pipes Medium density polyethylene pipes Clay pipe fittings Concrete pipe fittings Iron pipe fittings Steel pipe fittings Polyvinyl chloride pipe fittings Glass reinforced plastic pipes fittings High density polyethylene pipe fittings Medium density polyethylene pipe fittings Valves and penstocks Manholes

Provision, laying and jointing of pipes Excavation and backfilling pipe trenches

Reinstatement following pipe laying(included in class K) Capping of boreholes(included in class B) Diaphragm walls (included in class E) Granolithic and other applied finishes (included in class G) Drainage and pipework (included in class K and L) Piles(included in class P and Q Roads, pavings and kerbs (included in class R) Tunnels, shafts linings (included in class T) Foundations for fences and gates (included in class X) Reinforcement in diaphragm walls (included in class C) Pre-tensioned prestressing (included in class H) Formwork and reinforcement in pre-cast (included in class H) Formwork and reinforcement ancillary to drainage and pipework(included in classes K and L) Formwork and reinforcement in piles (included in classes P and Q) Formwork and reinforcement for concrete roads (included in class T) Formwork and reinforcement for foundations for fences and gates (included in class X) Post-tensioned prestressing (included in class H) Precast concrete pipework Pre-tensioned prestressing (included in classes I and J) Precast concrete manhole, catchpits and gullies(included in class K) Precast concrete piles (included in classes P and Q) Precast concrete paving, kerbs and traffic sign support (included in class R) Precast concrete tunnel linings (included in class T) Precast concrete blockwork (included in class U) Precast concrete fencing (included in class X) Work included in classes J, K, L, and Y Pipe building services(included in class Z)

Fitting and valves for pipework

Work included in classes J, K, L, and Y Pipe building services(included in class Z)

Manholes, other chambers, ducts

Work included in classes J, K, L, and Y

60

manholes and pipework ancillaries

L: Pipework supports and protection, ancillaries to laying and excavation

Other stated chambers Gullies French drains, rubble drains, ditches and trenches Ducts and metal culverts Crossing Reinstatement Other pipework ancillaries Extras to excavation and backfilling Special pipe laying methods Beds Haunches Surrounds Wrapping and lagging Concrete stool and thrust blocks Other isolated pipe supports

culverts, crossing, reinstatement and other ancillaries as listed

Pipe building services(included in class Z)

Extra to excavation and backfilling of trenches for pipewok, ducts and metal culverts, manholes and other chambers, headings, thrust boring and pipe jacking Provision of supports and protection to pipework, ducts and metal culverts

Work included in classes J, K, L, and Y Pipe building services(included in class Z)

M: Structural metalwork

Fabrication of main members for bridges. Fabrication of subsidiary members for bridges Fabrication of members for frames Fabrication of other members Erection of members for bridges Erection of members for frames Erection of other members Off site surface treatment

Metalwork in concrete(included in classes C, G and H) Metalwork in pipework(included in classes I, J, K, and L) Miscellaneous metalwork(included in class N) Metalwork in piles(included in classes P and Q) Metalwork in fences(included in class N)

N: Miscellaneous metalwork

O: Timber

Hardwood component Softwood component Hardwood decking Softwood decking Fitting and fastenings

Timber components and fitting Timber decking Fitting and fastening to timber components and decking

P: Piles

Q: Piling ancillaries

Bored cast in place concrete piles Driven cast in place concrete piles Preformed concrete piles Preformed prestressed concrete piles Preformed concrete sheet piles Timber piles Isolated steel piles Interlocking steel piles Cast in place concrete piles

Metal reinforcement for concrete (included in classes C, G, H and R) Metal inserts in concrete (included in classes G and H) Structural metalwork(included in class M) Fittings and fastenings to timber (included in class O) Piles (included in classes P and Q) Traffic signs (included in class R) Rail track and accessories (included in class S) Fences(included in class X)` Formwork to concrete (included in class G) Timber piles (included in class P) Timber sleepers Piles (included in class S) Timber supports in tunnels (included in class T) Timber fencing (included in class X) Carpentry and joinery in simple building works incidental to civil engineering works(included in class Z) Boring for site investigation(included in class B) Ground anchors(included in class C) Wailings and tie rods (included in class N) Piling ancillaries(included in class Q)

Work ancillary to pilling

Ground anchors (included in class C)

61

R: Roads paving

and

S: Rail track

T: Tunnels

U: Brickwork, blockwork and masonry

V: Painting

W: Waterproofing

Cast in place concrete piles Preformed concrete piles Timber piles Isolated steel piles Interlocking steel piles Obstructions Pile test Sub-bases, flexible, road bases and surfacing Sub-bases, flexible, road bases and surfacing Sub-bases, flexible, road bases and surfacing Concrete pavements Joints in concrete pavements Kerbs, channels and edging Light duty pavement Ancillaries Track foundations Taking up Lifting, packing and slewing Supplying Supplying Laying Excavation In situ lining to tunnel In situ lining to shaft In situ lining to other cavities Preformed segmental lining to tunnel Preformed segmental lining to shaft Preformed segmental lining to other cavities Supports and stabilization Common brickwork Facing brickwork Engineering brickwork Lightweight brickwork Dense concrete brickwork Artificial stone brickwork Ashlar masonry Rubble masonry Lead, iron or zinc based primer paint Etch primer paint Oil paint Alkyd gloss paint Emulsion paint Cement paint Epoxy or polyurethane paint Bituminous or coal tar paint Damp proofing Tanking Roofing Protecting layers Sprayed or brushed waterproofing

Piles(included in class P) Wailings and tie rods (included in class N)

Sub-base, base, surfacing of roads, runways and other paved areas Kerbing and light duty pavements, footways and cycle tracks Traffic signs and markings

Earthworks (included in class E) Drainage (included in classes I,J, K and L) Fences and gates (included in class X) Gantries and other substantial structures supporting traffic signs Maintenance of roads and paving

Track foundations, rails, sleepers, fittings, switches and crossings

Overhead crane rails (included in class M) Concrete track foundation(included in classes F and G)

Excavation, lining and securing of tunnels, shafts and other subterranean cavities

Geotechnical process carried out from the ground surface (included in class C) Filing within tunnels (included in class E) Reinforcement in in situ lining (included in class G) Pipe laying in headings, tunnels, and shafts(included in classes I,J, K and L) Cut and cover tunnels Brickwork in manholes and other brickwork incidental to pipework (included in class K) Brickwork in sewer renovation (included in class K)

In situ painting

Painting carried out prior to deliver of components to the Site

Damp proofing, tanking and roofing

Waterproofed joints (included in classes C, G, H, I, J, K, R, T, X, and Y) Damp proof courses in brickwork, blockwork and masonry(included in class U) Surface finishes and linings in simple building works incidental

62

to civil engineering works (included in class Z)

X: Miscellaneous work Y: Sewer and water main renovation and ancillary works

Z: Simple building works incidental to civil engineering works

Fences Gates and stiles Drainage to structures above ground Rock filled gabions Preparation of existing sewers Stabilization of existing sewers Renovation of existing sewers Laterals to renovation sewers Water main renovation and ancillary works New manholes Existing manhole Interruption Carpentry and joinery Insulation Windows, door and glazing Windows, door and glazing Surface finished, linings and partitions Piped building services Ducted building services Cabled building services

Fences, gates and their foundations Drainage to structure above ground Rock filled gabions Preparation and renovation of existing sewers and water mains New manhole within the length of existing sewers Work to existing manhole Grouting carried out from outside the sewer(included in class C) New pipework (included in classes I-L) New fitting and valves used in water main renovation (included in class J) Extra to excavation and backfilling for new manholes and other chambers) Drainage below ground (included in class I-L) Ducts and trenches for electrical services below ground or outside the building(included in class I-L) Metalwork (included in class N) Civil engineering timber work(included in class E) Brickwork, blockwork and masonry (included in class O) Painting (included in class U) Asphalt work(included in class V) Roofing, cladding and covering(included in class W) Drainage to structure above ground(included in class X)

Carpentry and joinery Insulation Windows, door and glazing Windows, door and glazing Surface finished, linings partitions Piped building services Ducted building services Cabled building services

and

63

Appendix C: Sample Bill of Quantities for township services

64

Number

Item description PART 1: GENERAL Contractual requirements Perfomance bond Insurance of the Works Third party insurance Special requirements Establishment of office(s) and ablution facilities for Engineer's staff on Site as specified in ... Including 2 nameboards as specified in ....

Unit

Quantity

Rate

Amount R c

A110 A120 A130 1 A211.1

sum sum sum

sum 1 A211.2 Maintenance of office(s), ablution facilities and name boards Removal of office(s), ablution facilities and nameboards including vehicles, telephone, furniture, office equipment and survey equipment Establishment of laboratory on Site as specified in ... Maintenance of laboratory Removal of laboratory Establishment of parking facilities for Engineer's staff on Site - 3 lean-to garages as specified in ... Maintenance of lean-to garages Removal of lean-to garages Provision of vehicles for the use of the Engineer's staff on Site as specified in ... Maintenance of vehicles as specified in .... Provision of telephone in Engineer's office on Site as specified in ... Payment of monthly rental charges and calls month

sum

1 A211.3

sum

A212.1

sum sum sum

A212.2 A212.3 2 A219.1

sum sum sum

A219.2 A219.3 A221.1

sum sum

A221.2 A222.1

sum

3 A222.2

Carried forward /

1.1

Brought forward /

4 A291.1

Health and safety General obligations including risk assessment, health and safety plan and training - fixed charges General obligations including Construction Safety Officer and other safety appointments time related charges Environmental management Environmental management Equipment for use by the Engineer's staff

sum

A291.2

month month

5 A292

A231.1

Furnish office(s) including photocopier as specified in .... Maintenance of office furniture and equipment including provision of photocopier paper

sum

A231.2

sum A233.1 Provision of survey equipment as specified in ... Maintenance of survey equipment Survey assistants Laboratory assistants Testing of the Works Testing of materials; concrete test cubes as specified in ..... Testing of the 160 mm diam watermains, length ..... Testing of the 200 mm diam watermains, length ..... (Add other required testing) Temporary Works Traffic diversions as specified in ... (Add other traffic accommodation requirements) A279.1 Supply (or hire) of specialist equipment for the detection of underground services The use of specialist equipment in the detection of underground services Temporary protection of service

sum sum month month

A233.2 A242 A243 6 A250

nr

A260.1 7 A260.2

sum

sum

8 A260.3 A271

sum

sum

A279.2

sum sum/ day

A279.3

Carried forward /

1.2

Brought forward /

9 A311.1

Method-Related Charges (prescribed by Engineer) Accommodation and buildings Establishment of office(s) for Contractor on Site Maintenance of office(s) Removal of office(s) Establishment of laboratory(ies) for Contractor on Site Maintenance of laboratory(ies) Removal of laboratory(ies) Establishment of store(s) for Contractor on Site

sum sum sum

A311.2 A311.3 A312.1

sum sum sum

A312.2 A312.3 A314.1

sum A314.2 A314.3 A319.1 ?1 A319.2 A319.3 A319.4 Maintenance of store(s) Removal of store(s) Establishment of workshops for Contractor on Site Maintenance of workshops Removal of workshops Establishment of ablution facilities for Contractor on Site Maintenance of ablution facilities Removal of ablution facilities Services Establishment of electricity supply Provision of electricity for duration of construction Establishment of water supply Provision of water for duration of construction sum A323.1 A323.2 Establishment of security services Provision of security services for duration of construction sum sum sum

sum sum sum

sum sum sum sum

A319.5 A319.6 A321.1 A321.2

sum sum

A322.1 A322.2

sum

Carried forward /

1.3

Brought forward /

10 A33*.1 A33*.2 A351

Plant Establishment of plant on Site Removal of plant Temporary Works Traffic diversions other than item A271 required by the Contractor Establishment of access road Maintenance of access road Removal of access road Supervision and labour Management and supervision for duration of construction Administration for duration of construction Provisional Sums Daywork Daywork labour

sum sum

sum sum sum sum

A353.1 A353.2 A353.3 A371

sum sum

A372

A411 11 A412

sum

zzzz 00

Percentage adjustment to Provisional Sum for % R zzzz.00 Daywork labour Alternative to items A411 and A412 for Daywork labour (Rates subject to escalation) hr A411.1 Daywork labour - Skilled A411.2 A411.3 A413 A414 Daywork labour - Semi-skilled Daywork labour - Unskilled Daywork materials Percentage adjustment to Provisional Sum for Daywork materials hr hr sum yyyy 00

R yyyy.00 xxxx 00

sum Daywork plant Other Provisional Sums A416 Percentage adjustment to Provisional Sum for % R xxxx.00 Daywork plant Alternative to items A415 and A416 for Daywork plant (Rates subject to escalation) A415.1 (List the items of plant to be available for use hr on Daywork) hr A415.2 A415 A420.1 A420.2 Supply and install . sum sum

wwww 00 vvvv 00

Construct pump sump to details as ordered

Carried forward /

1.4

Brought forward /

A510.1

Prime Cost Items - work on Site Electricity installation by a nominated subcontractor Labours in connection with electrical installation Provide hardstanding for cranes for electricity installation Other charges and profit on Prime Cost item for electricity installation Land Survey Act Search for, and record trigonometrical survey beacons and bench marks, and plot boundary pegs by a Registered Land Surveyor

sum

uuuu 00

A520.1

sum

A531.1

sum

A540.1

R uuuu.00

A510.2

sum A520.2 Protect beacons, etc. located under item A520.2 and other labours in connection therewith Other charges and profit on Prime Cost item for item A510.2 Reposition or re-establish, as ordered beacons, bench marks and pegs by a Registered Land Surveyor on completion of the Works Labours in connection with item A510.3 Other charges and profit on Prime Cost item for item A510.3 Prime Cost Items - work off Site Supply special valves Labours in connection with the supply of special valves Other charges and profit on Prime Cost item for supply of special valves Other Method-Related Charges required by Contractor and not listed above Tenderer to insert items below giving description, unit, quantity and rate, as applicable and distinguishing between Fixed and Time-Related Charges.

tttt 00

sum

A540.2

R tttt.00

A510.3

sum sum

ssss 00

A520.3 A540.3

% sum

R ssss.00 rrrr 00

12 A610 13 A620

sum

A640 14

R rrrr.00

TOTAL PART 1: Carried to Summary

1.5

Explanatory Notes: 1 Item descriptions distinguish between establishment, removal and maintenance of services in terms of rule A2 2 New item created in terms of paragraph 4.5. 3 Unit other than sum used. Quantity required in terms of rules M1 and M2 4 "9" used for item not listed in Work Classification - see clause 4.5 of CESMM3. 5 As there are no prescribed third division items, the 4th character is used instead of the suffix number of clause 4.7 of
CESMM3. 6 Samples and method to be specified in terms of rule A3 7 If item is omitted add "testing" to description of items for pipework

8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Rule M3 to be applied Item descriptions distinguish between Fixed and Time-Related Charges in terms of rule A4 List items of plant as needed Item fior percentage adjustment to Provisional Sum in terms of rule M5 Item identifies the work included in terms of rule A5 Item description stes special labours required in terms of rule A6 Allowance made for tenderer to insert Method-Related Charges in terms of rule M4

Queries ?1 Should workshops be made a standard new item (in work class AA say)? If so, Health and Safety could then also become standard southern Africa items

1.6

Number

Item description PART 2: SITE CLEARANCE

Unit

Quantity

Rate

Amount R c

1 D100

General clearance including hedges but excluding fences Trees (and their stumps) of girth (holes backfilled with excavated material): over and up to 500 mm 1m 1m 2m 2m 3m

ha

D210 D220 D230

nr nr nr

D310 D320

Stumps of girth (holes backfilled with excavated material): over and up to 150 mm 500 mm 500 mm 1m

nr nr sum sum

4 D414
D521

Pumphouse, brickwork, volume 400 m Break pressure tank, concrete, volume 20 m Remove fences. Coil wire and deliver all fencing materials to Employer's depot

5 D900

TOTAL PART 2: Carried to Summary

Explanatory notes: 1 Fences excluded in terms of rule D1 2 Stumps included in description in terms of rule C3 3 Holes are to be backfilled and material to be used is stated in terms of rule A3 4 Building identified in terms of rule A4 5 New item created in terms of paragraph 4.5. Disposal of fencing materials stated In terms of rule A1

2.1

Number

Item Description
PART 3: EARTHWORKS - Playing field Excavation for cuttings: To form terraced playing field. Excavated Surface 200 mm below finished surface of playing field

Unit

Quantity

Rate

Amount R c

1 E220

m3

2 E230

In rock-hard, to form terraced playing field. Excavated Surface 200 mm below finished surface of playing field Excavation for foundations: To retaininng wall "A" on drawing ...., max. depth 0,5-1 m To pump sump, max. depth 0,5-1 m General excavation: Remove topsoil to nominal depth .... mm stockpile and maintain Excavate from within borrow pit for use in embankment for playing field Excavation ancillaries: Disposal of excavated rock Filling: Topsoil to nominal depth .... to playing field surface

m3

3 E323.1

m3

4 E323.2 5 E410

m3 m3

6 E420

m3

7 E533 8 E621.1

m3 m3

9 E621.2

Topsoil to nominal depth .... to embankment slopes

m3

10 E623

Non-selected excavation to playing field embankment

m3

E625
E810.1

Imported natural material to playing field embankment

Landscaping Plant ..... grass as specified in .... to playing field

m3

11 E810.1

Plant ..... grass as specified in .... on embankment slopes

TOTAL PART 3: Carried to Summary

3.1

Explanations:ory notes: 1 No description of excavated material need be given. See rule D1 2 Amendment to CESMM3 for southern Africa see chapter 7 3 Location of excavation for foundations given in terms of rule A3 4 Item distinguishes between that above interms of paragraphs 3.9 and 4.7 5 Double handling of excavated topsoil not billed as it clear that all excavated topsoil will require double handling. See
rules M13 and D5

6 7 8 9 10 11

Rule D3 Disposal deemed to be off Site in terms of rule D4 Depth to be stated in terms of rule D8 Rule A14 Preparation of filled surfaces not required in terms of rule M23 Rule A18

3.2

Number

Item description PART 4: WATERMAINS AND DUCTS Pipework: uPVC class 12, including disinfecting: 110 mm nom diam, depth not exceeding 1,5 m

Unit

Quantity

Rate

Amount R c

1 I512.1

m 2 I512.2 160 mm nom diam, depth not exceeding 1,5 m m I522 200 mm nom diam, depth not exceeding 1,5 m m I712.1 I712.2 HDPE PE 80 class 12,5 to erf connections: 20 mm diam, depth not exceeding 1,5 m 25 mm diam, depth not exceeding 1,5 m Fittings and valves: Cast iron bends (plain ended): 110 mm diam 11.25 110 mm diam 22.5 110 mm diam 45 110 mm diam 90 160 mm diam 45 160 mm diam 90 200 mm diam 90 Cast iron tees plain ended: 110 x 110 mm diam 110 mm diam hydrant tee 160 x 110 mm diam 160 x 160 mm diam 160 mm diam hydrant tee 200 x 160 mm diam 200 x 200 mm diam Cast iron reducers plain ended: 160 x 110 mm diam 200 x 160 mm diam m m

J311.1 J311.2 J311.3 J311.4 J311.5 J311.6 J312 J321.1 J321.2 J321.3 J321.4 J321.5 3 J322.1 J322.2 J331 3 J332

nr nr nr nr nr nr nr nr nr nr nr nr nr nr nr nr

Carried forward /

4.1

Brought forward /

J341.1 J341.2 J342 J351.1 J351.2 J352 ?1 J391 ???

Cast iron short collar repair couplings: 110 mm diam 160 mm diam 200 mm diam Cast iron flanged adaptors: 110 mm diam 160 mm diam 200 mm diam Cast iron end caps: 110 mm diam End caps: 20 mm uPVC class 12 bends: 110 mm bend 11.25 110 mm bend 22.5 160 mm bend 11.25 160 mm bend 22.5 200 mm bend 11.25 200 mm bend 22.5 Polypropylene saddles with stainless steel nuts and bolts and threaded outlet for: 110 mm diam 160 mm diam 200 mm diam Cast iron RSV gate valves flanged: 110 mm 160 mm 200 mm Cast iron air valves: 50 mm double purpose air valve including stainless steel spool piece Fire hydrants: Fire hydrants Erf connection fittings: 25 mm brass ball valve and elbow with connection as per drg ....

nr nr nr nr nr nr nr nr nr nr nr nr nr nr

J411.1 J411.2 J411.3 J411.4 J412.1 J412.2 ?2 ? J991.1 J991.2 J992 J811.1 J811.2 J812 J861

nr nr nr nr nr nr

nr nr

J890 J891

nr

Carried forward /

4.2

Brought forward /

?3 ???

K211.1

Watermeters: Watermeters type Xyz complete with cast iron or 316 stainless steel bends, reducers, spool pieces, couplings, fittings, strainers, nonreturn valves as well as stainless steel nuts and bolts as per drg .... Manholes and pipework ancillaries: Valve, hydrant and air valve chambers: Valve chamber as per drg .... , brick, depth not exceeding 1,5 m Hydrant chamber as per drg .... , brick, depth not exceeding 1,5 m Air valve chamber as per drg .... , brick, depth not exceeding 1,5 m Ducts: Take delivery of and lay Telkom ducts: 1 way uPVC pipes 160 mm diam for electrc cables ncluding sealing ends of ducts: 2 way 3 way 4 way 6 way Crossings: Fence Pipelines 300-900 mm diam Cables Reinstatement: Breaking up, temporary and permanent reinstatement of road S21 Other pipework ancillaries: Connect to existing watermain at Site boundary Supports and protection, ancillaries to laying and excavation Extras to excavation and bacfilling: Excavation of intermediate material Excavation of unsuitable material at trench bottom and backfill with approved granular material

nr

nr

K211.2

nr

K211.3

nr

4 K512

K522 K523 K524.1 K524.2 K651 K672 ?4 K681 K731

m m m m nr nr nr

nr

K862

nr

?5 K111 L118

Carried forward /

4.3

Brought forward /

?6 L421

Bed and haunch: Selected excavated granular material to 110 and 160 mm diam pipes Selected excavated granular material to 200 mm diam pipes Imported granular material to 110 and 160 mm diam pipes Imported granular material to 200 mm diam pipes Surround: Selected excavated fill material to 110 and 160 mm diam pipes Imported fill material to 110 and 160 mm diam pipes Selected excavated fill material to 200 mm diam pipes Imported fill material to 200 mm diam pipes Thrust blocks: Thrust blocks, Types A, B and C to drawings ..., ... and ... volume 0,1-0,2 m Thrust blocks, Types A, B and C to drawings ..., ... and ... volume 0,2-0,5 m

L422

L431

L432

?6 L591.1

L591.2

L592.1

m m

L592.2 L721

nr

L732

nr

TOTAL PART 4: Carried to Summary

Explanatory notes: 1 Specification for pipes stated in terms of rule A2 2 If testing of watermains not included under General items (A260) add "testing" to description of pipework items 3 Code number selected according to the larger diameter 4 Example of rule M3 of class K and rule C1 of class I. Queries ?1 Do end caps fall into any of the 8 second division items? ?2 Do polypropelene saddles fall into any of the 7 first division types pipes and any of the 8 second division ?3 Should we not make a standard item for watermains? ?4 Cables hardly have a "bore". Should we not have a standard item for cables that does not require a bore to be stated? ?5 Should intermediate be defined and used? ?6 Check that this type of material is specified in SANS 2001

4.4

Number

Item description PART 5: SEWERS Pipework: uPVC class 34 pipes: 110 mm nom diam, depth not exceeding 1,5 m, erf connections 160 mm nom diam, depth 1,5-2 m 200 mm nom diam, depth 1,5-2 m 300 mm nom diam, depth 1,5-2 m 400 mm nom diam, depth 2-2,5 m Fittings and valves: uPVC class 34 bends: 110 mm bend 22.5 110 mm bend 45 110 mm bend 90 160 mm bend 22,5 160 mm bend 45 200 mm bend 22.5 200 mm bend 45 300 mm bend 22.5 400 mm bend 22.5 uPVC class 34 Y-junctions: 160 x 110 mm 200 x 110 mm 300 x 110 mm uPVC End caps: 110 mm diam

Unit

Quantity

Rate

Amount R c

1 I512

m m m m m

I513 I523 I533.1 I533.2

J411.1 J411.2 J411.3 J411.4 J411.5 J412.1 J412.2 J413.1 J413.2 J421 J422 J423 ?1 J391

nr nr nr nr nr nr nr nr nr nr nr nr nr

Carried forward /

5.1

Brought forward /

K121

Manholes and pipework ancillaries: Manholes: Sewer manholes with backdrop, type S, brick, as per drg ..., including cover and frame, depth not exceeding 1,5 m Sewer manholes with backdrop, type S, brick, as per drg ..., including cover and frame, depth 1,5-2 m Sewer manholes with backdrop, type S, brick, as per drg ..., including cover and frame, depth 2-2,5 m Other chambers: Inspection chambers including cover and frame as per drg .... Crossings Fence Pipelines up to 200 mm diam Cables Reinstatement Breaking up, temporary and permanent reinstatement of road S21 Other pipework ancillaries: Connect to existing outfall sewer Site boundary Supports and protection, ancillaries to laying and excavation Extras to excavation and bacfilling: Excavation of rock Excavation of intermediate material Excavation of unsuitable material at trench bottom and backfill with approved granular material Bed and haunch: Selected excavated granular material to 110 and 160 mm diam pipes Selected excavated granular material to 200 mm diam pipes Selected excavated granular material to 300 mm diam pipes Selected excavated granular material to 400 mm diam pipes Imported granular material to 110 and 160 mm diam pipes

nr

K122

nr

K123

nr

K211

nr nr nr nr

K651 K671 ?2 K681 K731

nr

K862

nr

K111.1 ?3 K111.2 L118

m m

?4 L421

L422

L423.1

L423.2

L431

Carried forward /

5.2

Brought forward /

L432

Imported granular material to 200 mm diam pipes Selected excavated granular material to 300 mm diam pipes Selected excavated granular material to 400 mm diam pipes Surround: Selected excavated fill material to 110 and 160 mm diam pipes Imported fill material to 110 and 160 mm diam pipes Selected excavated fill material to 200 mm diam pipes Imported fill material to 200 mm diam pipes Selected excavated fill material to 300 mm diam pipes Imported fill material to 300 mm diam pipes

L433.1

L433.2

?4 L591.1

L591.2

L592.1

m m

L592.2 L592.3

m m

L592.4

L592.5

Selected excavated fill material to 400 mm diam pipes Imported fill material to 400 mm diam pipes

m m

L592.6

TOTAL PART 5: Carried to Summary

Explanatory notes: 1 Specification for pipes stated in terms of rule A2

Queries ?1 Do end caps fall into any of the 8 second division items? ?2 Cables hardly have a "bore". Should we not have a standard item for cables that does not require a bore to be stated? ?3 Should intermediate be defined and used? ?4 Check that this type of material is specified in SANS 2001

5.3

Number

Item description PART 6: STORMWATER DRAINAGE Pipework: Concrete pipes with ogee joints wrapped with filter fabric: 300 mm diam, type 75D, depth 1,5-2 m 300 mm diam, type 100D, depth 1,5-2 m 450 mm diam, type 75D, depth 1,5-2 m 450 mm diam, type 100D, depth 1,5-2 m 600 mm diam, type 100D, depth 1,5-2 m 600 mm diam, type 100D, depth 2-2,5 m Manholes and pipework ancillaries: Manholes: Stormwater manhole, brick, type S1 including cover and frame (type B) as per drg ...., depth 1,5-2 m Stormwater manhole, brick, type S1 including cover and frame (type B) as per drg ...., depth 2-2,5 m Catchpits: Catchpit, brick, type C1 as per drawing ..., depth 1,5-2 m Crossings Fence Pipelines up to 200 mm diam Pipelines 300-900 mm diam Cables Reinstatement Breaking up, temporary and permanent reinstatement of road S21 Other pipework ancillaries: Connect to existing stormwater outfall at Site boundary Supports and protection, ancillaries to laying and excavation" Extras to excavation and bacfilling: Excavation of intermediate material Excavation of unsuitable material at trench bottom and backfill with approved granular material

Unit

Quantity

Rate

Amount R c

1 I233.1 I233.2 I233.3 I233.4 I243 I244

m m m m m m

K111.1

nr

K111.2

nr

K211

nr nr nr nr nr

K651 K6712 K672 K681 K731

nr

K862

nr

?1 K111 L118

Carried forward /

6.1

Brought forward /

?2 L323

Bed: Selected excavated granular material to 300600 mm diam pipes Imported granular material to 300-600 mm diam pipes Haunch and surround: Selected excavated fill material to 300-600 mm diam pipes Imported fill material to 300-600 mm diam pipes

L333

?2 L593.1

L593.2

TOTAL PART 6: Carried to Summary

Explanatory notes: 1 Specification for pipes stated in terms of rule A2 Queries ?1 Should intermediate be defined and used? ?2 Check that this type of material is specified in SANS 2001

6.2

Number

Item description PART 7: STORMWATER CULVERTS Earthworks: Excavation for precast concrete culverts depth 0,25-0,5 m Excavation for pipe culverts depth 0,5-1 m Excavation for cast in situ concrete culverts depth 0,5-1 m Excavation to trapizoidal stormwater channel

Unit

Quantity

Rate

Amount R c

E222

m m

E223 E324

E423

m E522 1 E614 Filling to culverts selected excavated material other than topsoil or rock Filling to cast in situ concrete culverts imported free draining material In situ concrete - culverts and channel: No-fines concrete Concrete design mix grade 20MPa/39,5mm Concrete design mix grade 30MPa/19mm Concrete design mix grade 35MPa/19mm with rapid hardening cement Blinding layer min. thickness 75 mm Lining to trapizoidal channel 100 mm thick Placing of no-fines concrete strip 250 x 250 mm section behind weepholes Placing of concrete in ground slabs thickness not exceeding 150 mm Placing of concrete in footings Placing of concrete in culvert deck slab Placing of concrete in tapered abutments and wingwalls Preparation of surfaces of trapizoidal channel m

E615

m m m m

F114 F244 F264 F277

m m m

F511 2 F581 F582 2 F621

m m m

F623 F632 F643

Carried forward /

7.1

Brought forward /

G135

Concrete ancillaries: Formwork rough finish plane battered to earth face of abutments and wingwalls Formwork rough finish plane vertical to footings Formwork smooth finish plane horizontal to deck slab Formwork smooth finish plane vertical to sides of deck slab width 0,1-0,2 m Formwork smooth finish plane vertical to air face of abutments and wingwalls Reinforcement plain round steel bars 10 mm Reinforcement plain round steel bars 16 mm Reinforcement plain round steel bars 20 mm Wood float finish to tops of walls Wood float finish to floor and deck slabs Weepholes Precast concrete units: Precast bases for culvert units width ... Precast culverts 1 200 x 900 mm Pipework: Concrete pipes diam 900 mm Concrete pipes diam 1 200 mm Stone masonry: Grouted stone masonry to culvert inlets and outlets

G144

G215

G222

G245

m t t t m m nr m m m m

G513 G515 G516 G811.1 G811.2 G832 2 H701 H702 I251.1 I251.2 3 U723 ?1

TOTAL PART 7: Carried to Summary

Explanatory notes: 1 See rule M11. 2 Example of use of undefined division for differentiating between additional descriptions 3 See amendment to item U7 in chapter 7 Queries ?1 Should we create a new standard item for stone masonry rather than amend the existing items?

7.2

Number

Item Description
PART 8: URBAN ROADWORKS Earthworks: Excavation for cuttings: Excavation for cuttings; topsoil stockpile and maintain Excavation for cuttings max depth not exceeding 0.5-1 m Excavation in rock-intermediate material max depth not exceeding 0.5-1 m Excavation in rock-hard material max depth not exceeding 0.5-1 m General excavation: Remove topsoil to nominal depth .... mm stockpile and maintain Excavation from within borrow pit Excavation ancillaries: Preparation of excavated surfaces Rip rock?? Disposal of excavated rock Filling: Topsoil to nominal depth .... to embankment slopes

Unit

Quantity

Rate

Amount R c

E210

m3

1 E223

m3

E232.1

m3

2 E232.2

m3

3 E410

m3

4 E420
E522

m3 m

?1 5 E533 6 E621.2

m3 m3

7 E623

Non-selected excavation in road embankment

m3 m3

E625
E810.1

Imported natural material in road embankment

Landscaping Hydraulic mulch grass seeding as specified in .... on road embankment slopes Roadworks ancillaries: Overhaul: Limited overhaul Unlimited overhaul m

8 ZA110
ZA120

m m.km

Carried forward /

8.1

Brought forward / Roads and pavings:

R11 5

Sub-base, base and surfacing: Sub-base 150 mm thick to clause ... of ... from commercial source Cement-bound granular material base 200 mm thick to clause ... of .... Material from commercial source Dense bitumen macadam surfacing 40 mm thick to clause ... of ... from commercial source

R145

R232

m ?2 R350 Prime Kerbing: Kerbs type A (drg ....) straight Kerbs type A (drg ....) 3 m radius Kerb and channel type B (drg ....) straight Kerb and channel type B (drg ....) 3 m radius m R634 R645 R811.1 R811.2 R811.3 R823 R824.1 R824.2 R825 Drop kerb type C (drg ....) Transition kerb type D (drg ....) Traffic sign: Speed restriction sign Stop sign No parking sign Surface markings: "STOP" as per drg ... Continuous centerline white Continuous edge line yellow Intermittent centerline white nr nr nr nr nr nr m m m m

R611 R612 R621 R622

m m m

TOTAL PART 8: Carried to Summary

8.2

Explanations:ory notes: 1 No description of excavated material need be given. See rule D1 2 Amendment to CESMM3 for southern Africa see chapter 7 3 Double handling of excavated topsoil not billed as it clear that all excavated topsoil will require double handling. See
rules M13 and D5

4 5 6 7 8

Rule D3 Disposal deemed to be off Site in terms of rule D4 Depth to be stated in terms of rule D8 Preparation of filled surfaces not required in terms of rule M23 See chapter 7

Queries ?1 Should a new standard item be established for this? ?2 Does prime fall under this item or is it deemed to be part of base? If under this item what is the third division for in
the case of prime?

8.3

Number

Item Description
PART 9: RURAL ROADWORKS Earthworks: Excavation for cuttings: Excavation for cuttings; topsoil stockpile and maintain Excavation for cuttings max depth not exceeding 0.5-1 m Excavation in rock-intermediate material max depth not exceeding 0.5-1 m Excavation in rock-hard material max depth not exceeding 0.5-1 m General excavation: Remove topsoil to nominal depth .... mm stockpile and maintain Excavation from within borrow pit Excavation ancillaries: Preparation of excavated surfaces Rip rock?? Disposal of excavated rock Filling: Topsoil to nominal depth .... to embankment slopes

Unit

Quantity

Rate

Amount R c

E210

m3

1 E223

m3

E232.1

m3

2 E232.2

m3

3 E410

m3

4 E420
E522

m3 m

?1 5 E533 6 E621.2

m3 m3

7 E623

Non-selected excavation in road embankment

m3 m3

E625
E810.1

Imported natural material in road embankment

Landscaping Hydraulic mulch grass seeding as specified in .... on road embankment slopes Roadworks ancillaries: Overhaul of earthworks: Limited overhaul Unlimited overhaul m

8 ZA111
ZA121

m m.km

Carried forward /

9.1

Brought forward / Roads and pavings:

R115.1

Sub-base and base: Sub-base 150 mm thick to clause ... of ... from cuttings Sub-base 150 mm thick to clause ... of ... from borrow pits Base 200 mm thick to clause ... of ... from cuttings Base 200 mm thick to clause ... of ... from borrow pits

R115.2

R124.1

R124.2

R232

R331 R341 ?2 R350 R351.1 R351.2 R811.1 R822 R824.1 R824.2 R825

Surfacing - asphalt: Dense bitumen macadam surfacing 40 mm thick to clause ... of ... to section of grade exceeding 10 to the horizontal Surfacing - chip and spray: Slurry sealing Surface dressing 19 mm stone Prime Bituminous spray first spray Bituminous spray second spray Traffic signs Speed restriction sign Surface markings Reflecting road studs Continuous centerline white Continuous edge line yellow Intermittent centerline white Miscellaneous work: Guard rails: Guard rails including timber posts Gabions: Gabions 900 x 600 x 500 mm, mesh opening ..., wire diam ...mm, galvanized and plastic coated, stone of min mass ... kg and least dimension ...mm Gabion matresses 300 mm thick, mesh opening ..., wire diam ...mm, galvanized and plastic coated, stone of min mass ... kg and least dimension ...mm
Carried forward /

m m m m m m nr nr m m m

X181 X410

nr

X420

9.2

Brought forward / Roadworks ancillaries:

ZA112 ZA122 ZA411 ZA421 ZA442 ZA451 ZA462 ZA472 ZA510

Overhaul of sub-base and base material: Limited overhaul Unlimited overhaul Processing of sub-base and base material: Screening sub-base material Heavy grid rolling of sub-base Stabilization of base Single stage crushing sub-base material Two-stage crushing base material Stabilizating agent, portland cement Screened out oversize from sub-base material

m m.km m m m m m t

m ZA530 Screened out oversize and fines from base material Processing surfacing material: Additional fines Filler - cement Variations in quantities - chip and spray: Variation in quantity of 19 mm aggregate Variation in quantity of slurry seal Variation in quantity of bituminous binder

m m t m m l

ZA610 ZA621 ZA714 ZA720 ZA730

TOTAL PART 9: Carried to Summary

Explanations:ory notes: 1 No description of excavated material need be given. See rule D1 2 Amendment to CESMM3 for southern Africa see chapter 7 3 Double handling of excavated topsoil not billed as it clear that all excavated topsoil will require double handling. See
rules M13 and D5

4 5 6 7 8

Rule D3 Disposal deemed to be off Site in terms of rule D4 Depth to be stated in terms of rule D8 Preparation of filled surfaces not required in terms of rule M23 See chapter 7

Queries ?1 Should a new standard item be established for this? ?2 Does prime fall under this item or is it deemed to be part of base? If under this item what is the third division for in
the case of prime?

9.3