International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences

ISSN- 0975-1491 Vol 3 Suppl 3, 2011

ResearchArticle

POLYHERBALFORMULATIONSFORANTIDIABETICTHERAPY
H.S.CHANDEL1,A.PATHAK2ANDM.TAILANG2,*
1

TrubaInstituteofPharmacy,Bhopal(M.P),India,2DepartmentofPharmacy,BarkatullahUniversity,Bhopal(M.P),India,3Departmentof DrugTechnology,FacultyofMedicalTechnologyDerna,Libya Received:24March2011,RevisedandAccepted:15April2011

ABSTRACT In the present work, hypoglycemic activity of the methanolic extracts of the marketed and prepared inhouse formulations in alloxan induced diabeticratswascarriedout.Methanolicextractssignificantlyreducedthebloodglucoselevelinalloxaninduceddiabeticrats.Theextractswere administeredthrough oral routsina dose of 150 mg twice aday/kg of body weight/twicea day with 0.2% polyvinyl pyrrolidone solution.The hypoglycemic activity of methanolic extract of formulaion1 showed 67.33% antidiabetic activity whereas inhouse prepared formulation 2 showed68.94%activity.Boththeformulationshaveshownpotentialintheirroletoreducethebloodglucoselevel.Formulaiton2showedhigher activityascomparedtotheFormulation1.Thismaybebecause ofthefactthatsomeoftheherbalcounterpartsintheFormulation2viz.barkof babulandgudvel,werenotpresentintheFormulation1maypossessahigherantidiabeticactivity.Adeeperinsightintotheseherbsmayleadto developmentofmorepotentantidiabeticformulations. Keywords:Polyherbalformulation,Antidiabetic INTRODUCTION Herbal medicines are the oldest remedies known to mankind. Herbs had been used by all cultures throughout history but India has one of the oldest, richest and most diverse cultural livingtraditionsassociatedwiththeuseofmedicinalplants1.In the present scenario, the demand for herbal products is growing exponentially throughout the world and major pharmaceutical companies are currently conducting extensive researchonplantmaterialsfortheirpotentialmedicinalvalue. In many journals, national and international, we find an increasing number of research publications based on herbal drugs.Manyanalysisbasedstudiesregardingpharmacological researchinIndia2,3,4havebeenconductedinthepast. Diabetes is the worlds largest endocrine disease involving metabolicdisorderofcarbohydrate,fatandprotein.According totheWHOprojections,theprevalenceofdiabetesislikelyto increase by 35%5. Statistical projections about India suggest thatthenumberofdiabeticswillrisefrom15millionin1995 to57millionintheyearof2025makingitthecountrywiththe highestnumberofdiabeticsintheworld6.Inthepresentwork we have developed anti diabetic polyherbal formulations and assessedtheirpotentialinthetreatmentofdiabetes. Table1:Ingredientsforformulation1 Sr.No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. Ingredient Gudmar Jamunguthali Karelabeej Haldi Amla Vijaysar Tejpatra Shilajeet Kutki Chitrak Bilvapatra Trivangabhasm Methi Neempatra Pectinandguargumqsto Quantitytaken 20gm 8gm 5gm 5gm 5gm 5gm 5gm 5gm 4gm 4gm 5gm 2gm 3gm 5gm 100gm MATERIALSANDMETHODS Different herbs based on exhaustive literature survey were selectedandthesewereauthenticatedbytheHeadDepartment ofPharmacyBarkatullahUniversityBhopal.Purifiedwaterwas usedintheentirestudy. MethodofPreparation 1. 2. 3. Alltheindividualdrugswere driedusinghotair ovenat40C for24hours. The individual drugs were then crushed using Willing grinder andpassedthroughmeshno.40. The individual drugs were then weighed as per the quantity required on digital precision balance (Accuracy: 0.1g, Jyoti Scientific,India). Thedrugsweremixedgeometricallyusingdoubleconeblender (JyotiScientific,India;TIP/PCS/DCB/01).

4.

The mixed formulation was unloaded in a polythene bag, weighed, labeled and packed in glass bottles. The weight of the formulation was 100 grams. Two formulations with different herbs were prepared. Both he formulations were prepared with same method as reported. The constituents of both the formulations are as follows:

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Table2:Ingredientsforformulation2 Sr.No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Pharmacologicalevaluation The methanolic extracts of the formulations were utilized for the pharmacological screening of the formulations. One gram of methanolic extracts of inhouse prepared formulations were separately triturated with polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP 0.2 g) and added water for injection in success amount to make up the final volume to 100 ml (0.2%w/v). Adult albino rats of either sex (100 200Gms)wereselectedforthestudyandweredividedintogroups ofsixineachgroup.Ratswereacclimatizedforaperiodoftwothree days in the new environment and subsequently used for further study. Toxicological studies revealed that albino rats tolerated considerably high dose of methanolic extract (700 g/kg body weight, orally) without any toxic manifestation. Therefore doses of 150 g twice a day/kgbody weight, twice a day, of methanolic extracts were administered orally to the alloxan induced diabetic albinorats7.Animalsweredividedinfourgroupsofsixanimalseach. The diabetes was experimentally induced by i.v. administration of alloxanmonohydrate150gtwiceaday/kgofbodyweight.Alloxan isgivenbyrapidintravenousinjection,asitshalflifeinthebodyis only a few seconds. The diabetes is induced within 24 hours if the ratswerefastedbeforethealloxaninjection.Diabetesischeckedby measuringbloodglucoselevelusingGlucometer8.Haemoglucotest 200800R(HGT)methodwasutilizedforthemeasurementofblood glucose level. Blood Sample collected by retro orbital puncture Table3:EstimationofBloodglucoselevelinalloxaninduceddiabeticalbinorats Group AIBGL Mg/dL First Day (mg/dl) 365.05 6.15 266.49 6.11 Forth Day (mg/dl) 365.33 10.36 210.33 8.11 Eighth Day (mg/dl) 362.66 9.15 188.32 12.11 Twelfth Day (mg/dl) 358.01 5.19 165.33 11.52 Sixteenth Day (mg/dl) 356.67 15.3 154.33 5.56 Twentieth Day (mg/dl) 353.33 6.33 134.5 5.89 Twenty Forth Day (mg/dl) 352.33 11.55 121.14 13.23 Twenty Eighth Day (mg/dl) 249.67 6.89 101.33 5.33 under light ether anesthesia. The blood glucose level was determined after fixed intervals of four days and the study was continuedforaperiodoftwentyeightdays. GroupI:Control Adult albino rats were fed with 0.1 ml poly vinyl pyrolidone (PVP) solution(0.2%w/v). GroupII:Glibenclamidetreated Adult albino rats were orally administered with 50 g twice a day/KgofbodyweightofGlibenclamide. GroupIII:Formulation1extracttreated Adult albino rats were orally administered with 150 g twice a day/kgofbodyweightofmethanolicextractofFormulation1. GroupIV:Formulation2extracttreated Adult albino rats were orally administered with 150 g twice a day/kgofbodyweightofmethanolicextractofFormulation2. Theobservationswithrespecttothemeasurementofbloodglucose level have been recorded in Table 3 and the efficiency of the formulations with respect to their potential in the anti diabetic therapy in terms of percent reduction of glucose level has been tabulatedinTable4. Ingredient Gudmar KarelaBeej Haldi JamunGuthali Gudvel BabulKiChal BilvaPatra NeemPatra Shilajeet Trivangabhasm Quantitytaken 30gm 10gm 10gm 10gm 10gm 10gm 10gm 5gm 2.5gm 2.5gm

GPI 2%PVPw/v 0.1ml GPII Glibenclamide 50 g twice a day/Kg GPIII Formulation1 150 g twice a day/Kg GPIV Formulation2 150 g twice a day/Kg

368.67 5.13 304.17 9.60

412.55.69

387.5 9.55

353.88 12.78

328.17 9.36

296.5 10.52

263.43 7.2

228.62 8.66

186.76 7.5

134.76 5.18

426.36 8.23

415.34 8.48

387.46 11.63

342.48 8.54

302.79 10.82

272.68 8.64

236.72 11.96

186.67 12.72

132.43 8.94

ValuesreportedareMeanS.D.andn=6. AIBGL:Alloxaninducedbloodglucoselevel

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Table4:PercentagereductionofBloodglucoselevelinalloxaninduceddiabeticalbinorats Group First Day (mg/dl) 0.98 12.38 6.06 2.58 Forth Day (mg/dl) 0.97 30.85 14.21 9.12 Eighth Day (mg/dl) 1.63 38.08 20.44 19.67 Twelfth Day (mg/dl) 2.71 45.64 28.12 28.98 Sixteenth Day (mg/dl) 3.25 49.26 14 36.04 Twentieth Day (mg/dl) 4.16 55.78 44.57 44.48 Twenty Forth Day (mg/dl) 4.43 60.17 54.72 56.22 Twenty Eighth Day (mg/dl) 5.15 66.68 67.33 68.94

GPI 2%PVPw/v 0.1ml GPII Glibenclamide 50gtwiceaday/Kg GPIII Formulation1 150gtwiceaday/Kg GPIV Formulation2 150gtwiceaday/Kg RESULTSANDDISCUSSION

REFERENCES 1. Bhatt N, Ayurvedic drug industry challenges of today and tomorrow, Proceeding of the first national symposium of Ayurvedicdrugindustry,organizedbyADMA,NewDelhi,1998 Aug. Dandiya PC, Bapna JS. Pharmacological research in India, Ann RevPharmacol1974;14:115126. Adithan C. Pharmacological research in India, 19721995 An analysis based on IPS conferences. Indian J Pharmacol 1996; 28:125128. Singh H. Steady decline in clinical pharmacology research in India A decade trendanalysis of IJP research publications (19901999). Abstracts of XXXIII annual conference of IPS, 2000.IndianJPharmacol2001;33:5170. KingH.,AubertR.E.,HermanW.H.,DiabetesCare,Vol.21,1998, 14141431. GroverJ.K.,VatsV,RathiS.S.,DawarR.,J.Ethnopharmacol,Vol. 76,2001,233238. Obatomi D.K, Bikomo E.O, AntiDiabetic Properties of the African Mistletoe in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats JournalofEthnopharmacol.Vol.43(1),1994,713. PandeyM,KhanA,HypoglycemicEffectofDefattedSeedsand Water Soluble Fibers of Syzygium cumuni in Alloxan Diabetic Rats, Indian Journal of experimental biology, Vol.40, 2002, 1178.

In the present work, we evaluated the hypoglycemic activity of the methanolic extracts of the marketed and prepared inhouse formulationsinalloxaninduceddiabeticrats.Asshowninthe table themethanolicextractssignificantlyreducedthebloodglucoselevel in alloxan induced diabetic rats. The extracts were administered through oral routs in a dose of 150 mg twice a day/kg of body weight/twice a day with 0.2 % polyvinyl pyrrolidone solution. The hypoglycemicactivityofmethanolicextractofformulaion1showed 67.33%antidiabeticactivitywhereasinhousepreparedformulation 2 showed 68.94% activity. Both the formulations have shown potentialintheirroletoreducethebloodglucoselevel.Formulaiton 2showedhigheractivityascomparedtotheFormulation1(Table3 and 4). This may be because of the fact that some of the herbal counterparts in the Formulation 2 viz. bark of babul and gudvel, (Table1and2)werenotpresentintheFormulation1maypossessa higher anti diabetic activity. A deeper insight into these herbs may leadtodevelopmentofmorepotentantidiabeticformulations. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Authors acknowledge Curator, Medicinal garden, Truba Institute of Pharmacy,BhopalforprovidingalltheherbsandHeadDepartment ofPharmacyBarkatullahUniversityforprovidingnecessaryfacilities forcompletionofthepresentwork.

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