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Code No: T0222

R07

SET - 1

II B.Tech II Semester, Supplementary Examinations, April 2012 ELECTRICAL MACHINES-II (Electrical and Electronics Engineering) Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ********* 1. Max. Marks: 80

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a) Deduce the equation for rotor current of a 3-phase induction motor. What determines the value of current in the rotor conductors at stand still and under running conditions. b) In a 6-pole, three-phase, 50 Hz induction motor with star-connected rotor, the rotor resistance is 0.25 /phase, the reactance at standstill is 1.25 /phase, and an emf between the slip-rings on open-circuit is 175 V. Calculate i) slip at a speed of 900 rpm ii) rotor e.m.f per phase and iii) Rotor frequency and reactance at a speed of 900 rpm. 1 of 2

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a) Explain the principle of three-phase to two-phase conversion using scott-connected transformers. b) A 3-phase, 50 Hz, transformer has a delta connected primary and star connected secondary. The line voltages are 22000 V and 400 V respectively. The secondary has a star connected balanced load at 0.8 p.f. lag, the line current in the primary 5 A. Determine the current in each coil of primary and in each secondary line. What is the output of the transformer in kW?

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a) Discuss the advantages, disadvantages and applications of auto-transformers. Compare it with a two winding transformer. b) Two single-phase transformers rated 1000 kVA and 500 kVA have per unit leakage impedance of (0.02 + j0.06) and (0.025 + j0.08) respectively. What is the largest kVA load that can be delivered by the parallel combination of these two transformers without overloading any one?

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a) Describe briefly various losses in a transformer and also obtain the condition for maximum efficiency. b) A 40 kVA, 6600/250 V single-phase transformer has the following parameters: R1 = 8 , R2 = 0.02 , X1 = 15 , X2 = 0.05 . Find full-load regulation at power factor. i) 0.8 lagging, ii) unity and iii) 0.8 leading.

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a) Discuss the principle of operation and construction of a single phase transformer. b) A single-phase transformer takes 5 A on no-load at a power factor of 0.1. The turns ratio is 2:1. If the load on the secondary is 100 A at power factor of 0.80 lagging, find the primary current and power factor. Neglect the voltage drops in the windings.

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Code No: T0222

R07

SET - 1

6.

a) Explain the phenomenon of crawling and cogging in a 3-phase induction motor. b) A 3-phase star connected 400 V, 50 Hz, 4-pole induction motor has the following parameters as referred to stator r1 = 0.15 , x1 = 0.45 , = 0.12 , = 0.45 , Xm = 28.5 . Neglecting core loss resistance, find stator current, p.f. at rated voltage with s = 0.04.

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a) Explain speed control of Induction motor by injection of e.m.f in to rotor circuit. b) What is induction generator? Discuss its principle of operation.

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A 415 V, 29.84 kW, 50 Hz, delta connected motor gave following test data. No load test: 415 V, 21 A, 1250 W Blocked rotor test: 100 V, 45 A, 2730 W Construct circle diagram and determine i) Line current and power factor for rated output ii) Maximum torque (assume stator and rotor copper loss equal at stand still)

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Code No: T0222

R07

SET - 2

II B.Tech II Semester, Supplementary Examinations, April 2012 ELECTRICAL MACHINES-II (Electrical and Electronics Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ********* a) Draw and explain the phasor diagram of a transformer when operating on load. b) A single phase transformer has 400: 1000 turns ratio. The net cross- sectional area of the core is 60 cm2. The primary winding is connected to 50 Hz supply & 500 V. Calculate the peak value of ux density in the core. The voltage induced in the secondary winding. a) What losses are present in a transformer? Write an expression for efficiency and develop the condition for maximum efficiency. b) A single-phase transformer is rated at 100 kVA, 5000/250 V. The full-load copper losses are 2000 W and iron losses are 1200 W. Find efficiency at i) full-load unity p.f., ii) full-load 0.8 p.f. lagging, iii) half-load 0.8 p.f. lagging. a) What is the effect of unequal X/R ratio and unequal voltage ratio on the parallel operation of two transformers? b) Obtain the equivalent circuit of 200/400 V, 4 kVA, 50 Hz, single-phase transformer from the following tests data: OC test: 200 V, 0.7 A, 70 W on L.V side SC test: 15 V, 10 A, 85 W on H.V side a) Why are tap-changing transformers required? Explain the operation of off load tap changing transformer. b) Discuss various possible three-phase transformer connections with connection diagrams. a) Discuss the production of starting torque through the concept of interaction of flux and mmf waves in a 3-phase slip-ring induction motor. Hence show that the rotor is forced to rotate in the direction of rotating flux wave. b) A 3-phase, 50 Hz, 4-pole, 400 V induction motor has a delta connected stator winding and star connected rotor winding. The stator winding has 240 conductors per phase and the rotor winding has 48 conductors per phase. The breadth factor is 0.95 and pitch factor is 1 for each winding. The rotor resistance and stand still reactance are 0.02 /phase and 0.08 /phase. Neglect stator impedance. Find i) flux per pole, ii) rotor e.m.f per phase at standstill, iii) rotor current and power factor at standstill with slip rings short circuited, iv) rotor e.m.f per phase at 4% slip.

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Code No: T0222

R07

SET - 2

6.

a) Derive the equation for torque developed by an induction motor. Draw a typical torqueslip curve and deduce the condition for maximum torque. b) The rotor of a 4-pole, 50 Hz slip-ring induction motor has a resistance of 0.25 per phase and runs at 1440 r.p.m at full load. Calculate the external resistance per phase to be added to lower the speed to 1200 r.p.m., the torque being the same as before. Discuss the procedure of no-load and blocked rotor test on a 3-phase induction motor. How are the parameters of equivalent circuit determined from test results? a) Explain the principle of operation of induction generator.

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b) Explain Cascaded connection method of speed control of Induction motor.

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Code No: T0222

R07

SET - 3

II B.Tech II Semester, Supplementary Examinations, April 2012 ELECTRICAL MACHINES-II (Electrical and Electronics Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ********* a) Explain the principle of operation of a transformer and derive its e.m.f equation. b) A 3000/200 V, 50 Hz single phase transformer is built on a core having an effective cross-section area of 150 cm2 and has 80 turns in low voltage winding. Calculate the value of maximum flux density in the core and number of turns in high-voltage winding. a) Starting from first principles develop the equivalent circuit of a transformer. b) A 20 kVA, 2500/500 V, single-phase transformer has the following parameters: H.V winding resistance = 8 , H.V winding leakage impedance = 17 . L.V winding resistance = 0.3 , L.V winding leakage impedance = 0.7 . Find the voltage regulation and the secondary terminal voltage at full load for a p.f of i) 0.8 lagging and ii) 0.8 leading The primary voltage is held constant at 2500 V. a) Explain the operation of an Auto-transformer and draw its equivalent circuit. b) A 500 kVA transformer with 0.01+j0.05 pu impedance and a 250 kVA transformer with 0.015+j0.04 pu impedance are operated in parallel. The no-load secondary voltages of the two are equal. How will they share a 750 kVA, 0.8 lagging power factor load? a) Draw the connection diagrams and explain the features of Y-Y, Y- , -Y and - threephase connections. b) Explain the operation of on load tap changing transformer. a) Discuss the principle of operation of Induction motor and show that it develops torque at all speeds except synchronous speed. b) The power input to rotor of a 440 V, 50 Hz, 6-pole, three-phase induction motor is 100 kW. The rotor emf is observed to make 120 cycles per minute. Calculate i) slip, ii) rotor speed, iii) mechanical power developed iv) speed of stator field with respect to rotor. a) Discuss the working of double cage induction motor. b) The power input to the rotor of a 3-phase, 50 Hz, 6-pole induction motor is 80 kW. The rotor emf makes 100 complete alternations per minute. Find (a) slip, (b) motor speed, (c) mechanical power developed, (d) rotor copper loss per phase, (e) rotor resistance per phase if rotor current is 65 A, (f) torque developed.

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Code No: T0222 7.

R07

SET - 3

a) Explain Star-delta starter method for starting of Induction motor with neat sketch. b) A 33.5 kW, 4-pole, 440 V, 3-phase, 50 Hz mesh connected induction motor gave the following line values on test: No load: 440 V, 22 A, 1500 W Blocked rotor test: 220 V, 140 A, 1200 W. Find parameter of the approximate equivalent circuit. a) Explain cascade arrangement for controlling speed of three-phase induction motor. b) Describe the basic principle of induction motor speed control by changing stator input voltage frequency.

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Code No: T0222

R07

SET - 4

II B.Tech II Semester, Supplementary Examinations, April 2012 ELECTRICAL MACHINES-II (Electrical and Electronics Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ********* a) Discuss about the constructional details of core and shell type transformers. b) A transformer with a 10:1 turn ratio is rated at 100 kVA, 2400/240 V, 50 Hz. The low tension voltage is to be kept at 240 V. i) Find the load impedance on 240 V side for full-load conditions. ii) What is the value of its load impedance referred to high voltage side? iii) High voltage side current for full-load condition. Neglect no load current. a) What is voltage regulation? Develop an expression for calculating the voltage regulation of a two-winding transformer. b) A 100 kVA distribution transformer is supplying the following loads: (i) 80 kW at 0.8 p.f. for 8 hours, (ii) 40 kW at unity p.f. for 6 hours and (iii) no-load for the remaining 10 hours of the day. Find all day efficiency if full-load copper losses are 2 kW and iron losses are 1 kW. a) Discuss the procedure for conducting OC and SC tests on a single phase transformer. b) A 1000/200 V, 5 kVA single-phase transformer gave the following test results: Open-circuit test (l.v.side) : 200 V, 1.2 A, 90 W Short-circuit test (h.v.side) : 50 V, 5 A, 110 W Compute the parameters of the approximate equivalent circuit referred to l.v.side. a) What are three winding transformers? How this transformer be represented by an equivalent circuit. b) A 3-phase step down transformer is connected to 6600 V on the primary side. The ratio of turns per phase is 12 and the line current drawn from mains is 20 A. Find secondary line voltage, line current and output if the transformer is (i) star-delta and (ii) delta-star. Neglect losses. a) Discuss the constructional features of both squirrel-cage induction motor and slip-ring induction motor. b) A 4-pole, three-phase induction motor operates from a supply whose frequency is 50 Hz. Calculate i) the speed at which the magnetic field of the stator is rotating ii) the speed of the rotor when the slip is 0.02 iii) the frequency of rotor currents when the slip is 0.04 iv) the frequency of the rotor currents at standstill.

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Code No: T0222

R07

SET - 4

6.

a) Draw the torque-speed characteristic of an induction motor and show that the maximum internal torque developed does not depend on the rotor circuit resistance. b) The cages of a double cage induction motor have standstill impedance of (3.5 +j1.5) and (0.6+j 7.0) respectively. The full load slip is 6 %. Find the starting torque at normal voltage in terms of the full-load torque. Neglect the stator impedance and the magnetizing current. a) A three-phase squirrel cage induction motor has maximum torque equal to twice the fullload torque. Determine the ratio of motor starting torque to its full-load torque, if it is started by (i) direct-on-line starter (ii) star-delta starter and (iii) auto-transformer starter with 60% tapping. b) Explain the procedure for drawing circle diagram of an induction motor. What information can be obtained from the circle diagram? Write short notes on i) Induction generator ii) Cascaded connection for speed control of induction motor.

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