COMMON MLA CITATIONS

For updated or more detailed information, go to <owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/> or <library.duke.edu/research/citing/ workscited/>.

GENERAL NOTES: Margins should be at 1. Head this page Works Cited and center the heading. Double space between and within entries. Start the first line flush with the left margin and indent subsequent lines five spaces. List the first author in reverse order (last name first) and all other authors in standard order (First name Last name ). For instance, two authors: Smith, John and Sarah Williams. Three authors: Smith, John, Sarah Williams and Joseph Littler. Capitalize all important words in the titles. Italics are used instead of underlining. URLs are no longer used unless requested by the teacher. Months of 5 letters or more should be abbreviated to three letters. Arrange entries in alphabetical order by last name of author. If no author is given, alphabetize by title.

BOOK
author's name (followed by a period) If two or more authors, see note above. title of the bookitalicized (followed by a period) city of publication (followed by a colon) publishing company (followed by a comma) copyright date (followed by a period) medium of publicationusually either Print or Web - in this case Print (citation ends with a period) EXAMPLE: McPhillips, Martin. The Battle of Trenton. Cincinatti: Silver Burdett, 1985. Print.

ENCYCLOPEDIA (PRINT)
author's name (followed by a period) If no author is given, begin with the title. title of the short workin quotation marks (a period is placed inside the last quotation mark) title of the encyclopediaitalicized (followed by a period) date of publication (followed by a period) medium of publicationusually either print or Web - in this case Print (citation ends with a period) EXAMPLE: Chase, Philander D. Washington, George. World Book. 2008. Print.

ENCYCLOPEDIA (ONLINE)
The first three elements are the same as listed above for a printed encyclopedia. Then add the following: date of publication or last update (followed by a period) medium of publicationusually either print or Web - in this case Web date you accessed the source European style (citation ends with a period) EXAMPLE: Chase, Philander D. Washington, George. World Book. 2008. Web. 8 April 2008.

PAGE OF A WEB SITE

author's name (followed by a period) If no author is given, begin with the title. title of the articlein quotation marks (a period is placed inside the last quotation mark) title of the siteitalicized (followed by a period) publisher of the siteusually at bottom of page by copyright date (followed by a comma). If none given, use n.p. date of publication or last updatelook for a revision date at the top or bottom of page OR use the copyright date at the bottom of the page (European style; followed by a period). If none given, use n.d. medium of publication usually either print or Web - in this case Web (followed by a period) date you accessed the sourceEuropean style (citation ends with a period) EXAMPLE: Blythe, Bob. George Washington (1732-1799). The American Revolution. National Park Service, 26 Nov. 2004. Web. 6 April 2008.

ARTICLE FROM A PRINTED MAGAZINE or NEWSPAPER

author's name (followed by a period) If no author is given, begin with the title. title of the articlein quotation marks (a period is placed inside the last quotation mark) title of the periodicalitalicized (NO punctuation follows) If the newspaper is a less well-known or local publication, include the city name and state in brackets after the title of the newspaper. date of publicationEuropean style (followed by a colon) page numbers (followed by a period) medium of publicationusually either Print or Web - in this case Print (citation ends with a period) EXAMPLE: Buchman, Dana. A Special Education. Good Housekeeping Mar. 2006: 143-48. Print.

ARTICLE FROM AN ONLINE DATABASE (such as EBSCO or ProQuest)

For an article from EBSCO, include as many of the following elements as available: The first five elements are the same as listed above for a printed article. Then add the following: database nameitalicized (followed by a period) name of the company that provided itwhich is EBSCOhost (followed by a period) medium of publicationusually either print or Web - in this case Web date you accessed the source European style (citation ends with a period) EXAMPLE: Barone, Michael. Revolutionary President. U.S. News & World Report. 31 Jan. 2005: 16. MAS Ultra - School Edition. EBSCOhost. Web. 7 April 2008.

For an article from SIRS Knowledge Source made by ProQuest, use the same structure as above but change the following two items: database namewhich is SIRS Knowledge Source (italicized and followed by a period) name of the company that provided itwhich is ProQuest (followed by a period)

ARTICLE FROM AN ONLINE MAGAZINE or NEWSPAPER

The first three elements are the same as listed above for a printed article. Then add the following: publisher nameusually at the bottom of the page (followed by a comma) Use n.p. if no publisher is available. date of publicationEuropean style (followed by a period) Use n.d. if no date is available. medium of publicationusually either Print or Web - in this case Web (followed by a period) date you accessed the source European style (citation ends with a period) EXAMPLE: Tumulty, Karen. Making History. Time. Time, 23 Mar. 2010. Web. 24 Mar. 2010.

GOVERNMENT PUBLICATION (ONLINE)

author's name (followed by a period) If no author is given, start with the name of the government, followed by the agency. title of the articlein quotation marks (a period is placed inside the last quotation mark) title of the siteitalicized (followed by a period) sponsor of the siteusually at bottom of page by copyright date (followed by a comma) date of publication or last updatelook for a revision date at the top or bottom of page OR use the copyright date at the bottom of the page (European style; followed by a period) medium of publicationuse either print or Web -- in this case Web date you accessed the sourceEuropean style (citation ends with a period) EXAMPLE: United States. Dept. of Labor. Accountants. Occupational Outlook Handbook. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 12 Dec. 2009. Web. 3 Mar. 2010.