AayauXyaacae Aa@Na saMSaoWanaacae maaga$k#/maNaa

1. 1971 paasauna maca$Mt/-naivh/e maWyai naok/r/e. 2006 paya$Mqa bar/eca vaXai$ @caf/ Aazf/esar/ mh/Nauna k/ama ki/lai. Anaik/ vaXai$ jagaBar/ Bat/k/Mqae kilae. ('gaadyaabar/obar/ naL/acae yaa>aa!' vaa 'Aga Aga mh/Sae malaa ku/T/i naiSae?', ASae @sQaqae!) 2. 'r/d/ar/, saonaar/, glaobala mar/e-t/a`$ma, jaepae]sa' yaaMcaa Aazpar/it/r/ yaa naaqyaanai AaWau@nak/ yaM>aNaaMcaa qasaica Wvanae Aa@Na [jai$caa AaWa@unak/ AByaasa k/r/ayacae saMWae @maL/alae. (AByaasaapaixaa C/Mw/ mh/Nauna @vaXaya h/aqae Gaiqalaa k/e qao Aavad/ecaa T/r/qao Aa@Na AanaMw/ w/iqao. jah/ajaavar/caa ]k/lak/oMd/ipaNaa saMpa@vaNyaacaa qao ]k/ Baaga h/oqaa!) 3. k/@vaqaaMcae lah/anapaNaapaasaUna Aavad/. naivh/eqaUna @ma>aaMnaa Aa@Na ku/t/UM@bayaaMnaa pa>aa ]ivajae C/Mw/maya k/@vaqaa paaT/vaqa Asai. qyaaMqaela jah/ajaavar/Fna paaT/valailyaa k/ah/e k/@vaqaaMcaa saMga#h/ 'laat/aMcyaa saavalaeqaUna' naavaanai pa#@sa_/ ki/laa. jah/ajaacyaa baabaqacyaa k/ah/e k/Qaa maa@sak/aMqaUna pa@#sa_/ ki/lyaa. (Gar/aSae, jah/ajaaSae Aa@Na mar/aT/eSae Aapaulak/ecaa saMvaaw/ saaWaayacaa yaaqa svaaQa$ h/oqaa!) 4. naivh/ecyaa naok/r/eqa @maL/alailyaa sautt/ecaa Qaod/af/ar/ vaapar/ 'Wvanae, BaaXaa' yaaMcyaa AByaasaasaaT/e va maanyavar/aMcyaa Bait/egaaT/eqa Gaalavaqa Asai. qyaaqauna AsaMKya laiKa, k/@vaqaa, @vaXayavaar/ majaku/r/ qayaar/ Jaalai. 'Wvanae, BaaXaa' yaabaabaqa pad/lailai pa#Sna w/usaRyaalaa saod/vaayacai Aah/iqa mh/Nauna svaqa: @lah/ayacai Aa@Na maga qai svaqa:ca @va@vaWa vaacanaaqaUna va AByaasaaqUuna saod/vaayacai h/a C/Mw/ jad/laa. (sautt/evar/ Aalailyaa KalaaSaalaa Gar/e k/r/Nyaasaar/Kai k/ama nasaqai Aa@Na ASaa @vaXayaaMcyaa cacai$qaUna maanyavar/aMnaa @ma>a k/r/Fna Gaiqaa yaiqai!) 5. 'saayansamaWalaa Wvanae, ga{a, pa{a Aa@Na saMgaeqa' yaaMcaa ]k/maik/aMSae Asalailaa saMbaMWa saod/vaqaanaa maanavae BaaXaicaa vaigaLyaa par/esar/aqaUna AByaasa ki/laa gailaa. @va@vaWa w/iSaaqalyaa BaaXaa, laaik/aMcai Baa@Xak/ @r/qaer/evaaja, BaaXaaMqaela samaanaqaa Aa@Na f/r/k/ yaa gaoXt/e 'naivh/eqalyaa naok/r/emauL/i' AnauBavaqaa Aalyaa. 'Wvanae va BaaXaa' yaavar/ela @sa_/aMqaaMcae 'saamaanya, paar/Mpaar/ek/, saayansapa#caur/, saI_/aMqaek/, vaIcaar/ek/, Aanau maa@nak/ . . vagaIr/i pa_/qaeqaUna' (Inductive, deductive, scientific, logical, theoretical . . . etc.) qapaasaNae k/r/Nyaacae saMWae @maL/alae. @vacaar/aMnaa Aa@Na @sa_/aMqaaMnaa yaogya AaWau@nak/ baIT/k/ w/iqaa Aalae. BaaXaaMcaa 'qat/sQapaNai' AByaasa k/r/ayacae savaya jad/vaUna Gaiqaa Aalyaanai Aajavar/ Jaalailyaa BaaXaaMcyaa saMsk/ar/aMk/d/i, @Sak/valyaa gailailyaa vyaak/r/Naak/d/i AaWau@nak/ @vacaar/aMqaUna @saMh/avalaok/na k/r/Nai Sa\ya Jaalai. qyaaqaUna janma Jaalaa qao 'BaaXaaMcae k/agaw/e va%*ae' (Paper Tendency Of Languages) Aa@Na 'BaaXaaMcae saMgaNak/eya va%*ae' (Computer Tendency Of Languages) yaa navyaa @vaXayaaMcaa. yaa navyaa @vaXayaaMcyaa @na@ma$qaeqaUna malaa baRyaaca navyaa gaoXt/eMcaa AByaasa k/r/qaa Aalaa. (ja@manaevar/ela caak/or/eba_/paNaaqaUna jaaNyaapaixaa svaqa:caa vaigaL/a saagar/e maaga$ SaoWaNyaacaa pa#yaqna mh/Naanaa! 'gaajar/acae pauMgae vaajalae qar/ vaajalae naah/eqar/ maod/una Kaallae' Asaa @vacaar/ pa@h/lyaa k/ah/e vaXaa$qa h/oqaa, h/i mae pa#aMjaL/paNai maanya k/r/qao!) 6. BaaXaicyaa saMbaMWaaqaUna maanavae jaevanaacai (1) janma qai maaqa%BaaXaa, (2) ga{aaqaela pa#vaasa, (3) pa{aaqaela pa#vaasa, (4) saMgaeqaaqaela pa#vaasa, Asai caar/ Baaga k/r/Fna 'Wvanae, saayansa, BaaXaa, ga{a, pa{a Aa@Na saMgaeqa' yaaMcaa AByaasa ki/laa. Aaja@maqaesah/e baRyaaca maanavae BaaXaa (AMw/ajai 8000) Asqaeqvaaqa Aah/iqa. BaaXaa k/oNaqaeh/e Asao, pa#qyaik/ BaaXaiqa 'ga{a, pa{a, saMgaeqa' h/i qaenaca @vaBaaga Asaqaaqa. @va@vaWa BaaXaaMcaa yaabaabaqacaa AnauBava jah/ajaacyaa naok/r/emauL/i @vanaasaayaasa @maL/alaa. BaaXaiqalyaa ga{aanaMqar/ maanavae BaaXaa qyaaqalyaa pa{asvar/FpaaqaUna ]k/maik/aMSae naIsa@ga$k/paNai javaL/ek/ saaWaqaaqa, h/i laxaaqa Aalai. [w/a : 'Ya#e 420', 'bar/saaqa' ASaa r/ajak/paur/na@ga$sa cyaa @sanaimaaqaela sava$ gaaNae r/Fmaa@nayaaqaela laok/aMnaa qaalaasaur/aqa gaaqaanaa AnauBavalai. qyaaMnaa qyaa gaaNyaaqaela '@h/Mw/e' AQa$ Ajaebaaqa k/L/qa nasaqaanaa qyaaqaela Aavad/lailai 'layaqaala@vacaar/' samajalailai Aa@Na Baavalailai @w/salai. qyaaqauna 'ga{a, pa{a Aa@Na saMgaeqa' hyaa @nasagaa$nai maanavaavar/ laaw/lailyaa Wvanae-r/canaa Aah/iqa h/i [magalai. @nasagaa$nai maanavaalaa BaaXaa @w/lae nasauna BaaXaa @namaa$Na k/r/Nyaacae yaM>aNaa @w/lyaacai @na@&aqa Jaalai. @nasaga$ maanavaalaa 'ga{a, pa{a Aa@Na saMgaeqa' yaa r/canaaMqaUna A@Wak/qama k/aya k/aya w/i[ Sak/qao?, Aa@Na k/oNaqyaa BaaXailaa qyaaqaela @k/qae gaoXt/e Gaiqaa Aalyaa Aah/iqa? Asaa saMSaoWanaacaa AnaoKaa

pa@r/sar/ gavasalaa. qyaaqaUna BaaXaicyaa vaIya@\qak/ saMsk/ar/apaasaUna k/ah/esai mau\qa h/oqa, qat/sQapaNai pa#qyaik/ BaaXaik/d/i pah/aNyaacae va%*ae jaopaasaqaa Aalae. (h/i Aaqmasqauqaecai 'maaJai r/amaayaNa' Aah/i k/e 'AayauXyaaqaUna Aalailaa @naKaL/ AnauBava' Aah/i?, h/a pa#Yna malaaca pad/qa Aah/i! paNa jyaa k/ah/e BalyaabauRyaa gaoXt/e Gad/qa Aalyaa qyaa qaSaaca maaMd/ayacaa yaaqa pa#yaqna @na@&aqa Aah/i!) 7. 'saMsk%/qa BaaXaa sava$ BaaXaaMcae jananae Asalyaacai' saMsk/ar/ lah/anapaNaapaasauna Jaalailai h/oqai. qyaak/d/i Aaqaa qat/sQapaNai baGaqa BaaXaaMcai AMqar/Mga 'AQa$, [ccaar/, laiKana Aa@Na saMgaNak/' yaasaaT/e qapaasaqaa Aalai. saMsk%/qa BaaXaicyaa mayaa$w/a Aa@Na mar/aT/ecae sava$samaavaiSak/qaa saamaor/e Aalae. maaMd/lailai @sa_/aMqa @va@vaWaqainai qapaasauna qai 'cauk/ecai T/r/@vaNyaacaa' pa#yaqna k/r/qaanaa qyaaqaela AcaUk/qaa pa#k/Xaa$nai k/L/qa gailae. maaMd/lailai @sa_/aMqa cauk/ecai naah/eqa naa h/i qapaasaNyaaqa Aa@Na T/r/@vaNyaaqa javaL/javaL/ 15 vaXai$ Gaalavalae! qyaaMcae yaogyaqaa qapaasaNyaasaaT/e BaaXaiqaela pa{a @vaBaaga @navad/laa. 2003 saalae qao pa#Qamaqa: 'k/azmpaupa{a' yaa naavaanai pa#@sa_/ ki/laa. qyaabaabaqacaa pah/elaa laiKa 26 jaanaivaar/e 2003 saalae, r/@vavaar/cyaa laok/sa*aiqa, paana k#/maaMk/ 6 var/, Ya#e. ku/maar/ ki/qak/r/ yaaMnae 'k/@vaqaa Aa@Na k/azmpaut/r/ - ]k/a maI>aacai sauqaovaaca' naavaanai pa#@sa_/ ki/laa. (paipar/aqa pa#Qamaca C/apaUna Aalailyaa laaMbalacak/ laiKaanai h/ur/LU/na jaaNyaacaa AnauBava Bannaat/ h/oqaaca paNa qyaah/epaixaa maanyavar/aMSae laiKaabaabaqa Jaalailyaa saMvaaw/aqaUna 'navai @sa_/aMqa cauk/ecai nasalyaacaa' AanaMw/ A@Wak/ h/oqaa!) 8. pa{aasaaT/ecai mar/aT/e saaz|t/vaiAr/ banavaNyaasaaT/e @ma>amaMd/L/e gaoL/a k/r/ayacyaa pa#yaqnaaqa bar/eca vaXai$ h/oqao. maaJyaa navyaa @sa_/aMqaaqaUna saaz|t/vaiAr/ k/sai Gad/vaayacai yaacaa qapaSaela bar/eca vaXai$ maaJyaak/d/i qayaar/ h/oqaa. maaJyaa naok/r/emauL/i Aa@Na yaogya @ma>a na @maL/alyaanai qao pad/una h/oqaa. jaanaivaar/e 2003 maWyai malaa maaJai @ma>a @maL/alai. qyaaqauna ki/vaL/ qaena ma@h/nyaaqa 'Compu pa{a' h/a pa#oga#zma qayaar/ ki/laa Aa@Na 'r/ajya mar/aT/e @vak/asa saMsQaa, mah/ar/aXt/^ Saasana' yaaMcyaa sah/k/ayaa$nai 'mauMba`$ mar/aT/e pa>ak/ar/ saMGa' yaiQai @w/naaMk/ 3 maaca$ 2003 r/ojae saaw/r/ ki/laa. saMgaNak/aqa t/a`$pa ki/lailaa mar/aT/e majaku/r/ 'ga{a vaa pa{a' Aah/i?, hyaabaabaqacyaa 'layaqaala@vacaar/aMcae' bar/eca sau>ai, saaz|t/vaiAr/maWaUna [lagad/Una w/aKavaNai Sa\ya Jaalai. @la@h/lailyaa mar/aT/e majaku/r/aqaUna 1171 va%*ai, 591 jaaqae Aa@Na 83 C/Mw/ qyaaMcyaa naavaa@naSae, layaqaala @vacaar/aMbaabaqa @va@vaWa maa@h/qae saMgaNak/ [lagad/Una w/aKavau laagalaa. @k/qyaik/ vaXai$ ki/lailae qapa&ayaa$ ]k/a AQaa$nai paUNa$ Jaalae. qyaaqa pa{aabaabaqacai @va@vaWa ga#MQa ]k/>a k/r/Fna, qyaaMcyaa AByaasaaqaUna maaJyaa @sa_/aMqaaMpaya$Mqa paocauna maanavae BaaXaaMsaaT/ecae navae AaWau@nak/ ga#MQar/canaa qayaar/ k/r/Nai, qyaa sava$ Gad/amaod/e saMgaNak/alaa @Sak/@vaNyaacae @vacaar/Ya#%MKalaa (Domain activity) paUNa$ k/r/Nai vagaIr/i AsaMKya pa@r/sar/ h/oqai. layaqaala@vacaar/aMcae navae saMgaNak/eya yaojanaa maananaeya Ya#e. maMgaiSa paad/gaavak/r/, Ya#e. SaMk/r/ vaI{a, Ya#e. yaSavaMqa w/iva, . . . yaaMcyaa saar/Kyaa A@Wak/ar/e vya\qaeMk/d/Una qapaasauna Gaiqa cacaa$ k/r/Nyaacae saMWae @maL/alae h/i maaJai Baagya h/oya. (h/i sava$ malaa k/sai jamalai yaacaica Aaqaa Aa&aya$ vaat/qai! 'h/i sava$ k/r/Nyaapaixaa qau k/@vaqaa va k/Qaa @lah/e, qyaa Aamh/alaa k/L/qaaqa va Aavad/qaaqa', Asaa sallaa baRyaaca @ma>aaMnae @w/laa h/oqaa paNa saMSaoWanaabaabaqa ku/t/UMbaaqaUna @maL/alailai pa#oqsaah/na malaa baL/ w/iqa gailai.) 9. 'saayansamaWalaa Wvanae, ga{a, pa{a Aa@Na saMgaeqa' yaaMnaa ]k/>aeqa baaMWaNyaacai saU>a 'Theory of NS and BS' yaa naavaanai `Mga#jaeqaUna pa#@sa_/ k/ilai. qao yaa sava$ saMSaoWanaacaa maulaBaUqa AaWaar/ Aa@Na AaWau@nak/ Wvanae @vaPaanaacaa paayaa T/r/qao, Asai malaa vaat/qai. vasqaumaana Aa@Na [jaa$ yaa w/ona gaoXt/eMvar/ saayansa AaWaar/lailai Aah/i. 'vasqaumaanaaqaela ANau-r/iNau' Aa@Na '[jai$qaela \vaant/ma' maanavaanai SaoWalaa Aa@Na 'sauxmaaqaUna AnaMqaak/d/i' AaWau@nak/ @vak/asaalaa Jaipaavaqaa Aalai. 'maanavaacyaa jaa@NavaaMnaa [magaNaar/i Wvanaecai savaa$qa sauxma Baaga k/oNaqai?', yaacae w/Kala GaiNaar/a 'sf/ot/Wvanae va k/MpaWvanae' (Theory of NS and BS) @sa_/aMqa maaMd/laa. Aajavar/ saayansalaa maanavaacyaa jaa@NavaaMnaa [magaNaar/a Wvanaecaa ANau-r/iNau maaMd/qaa Aalailaa naah/e, h/i `Qai namauw/ k/r/Nai yaogya T/r/ila. qasaica hyaaca @sa_/aMqaaqaUna maaga$sQa h/oqaanaa mar/aT/ecyaa AMqar/Mgaacaa maulaBaUqa @vacaar/ laxaaqa Aalaa Aa@Na PaanaiYvar/aMnae vaNa$na ki/lyaapa#maaNai mar/aT/e BaaXaa k/Sae A@+/qaeya, Saas>aeya Aa@Na AqaUlanaeya Aah/i yaacaa saaxaaqk/ar/ Jaalaa! h/a @sa_/aMqa A@Wak%/qapaNai maaMd/Nyaacae saMWae baRyaaca vaXaa$MnaMqar/ 'Deccan College, Dept of Linguistics, pune 411006' yaaMnae baolaavalailyaa 'AICL30' yaa 2008cyaa A@WavaiSanaaqa @maL/alae. (k/ah/eqar/e maulaBaUqa saaw/r/ k/r/Nyaacaa AanaMw/ 'k/@vaqaa, laiKa Aa@Na @sa_/aMqa' ASaa maaWyamaaqaUna @maL/alaa yaacaa A@Bamaana vaat/qao. paNa qyaasaaT/e bar/eca vaXai$ QaaMbaavai laagalai k/ar/Na mar/aT/eqa navai @vacaar/ saaw/r/ k/r/ayalaa yaogya vyaasapaeT/ pat/k/na saapad/qa naah/e. yaacae KaMqah/e vaat/qai.) 10. maanavaalaa BaaXaa AnauvaMSaek/iqaUna @maL/qa naah/eqa. janmaanaMqar/ BaaXaa @Sak/avae laagaqai. @nasagaa$nai maanavaalaa BaaXaa @w/lae nasauna BaaXaa @namaa$Na k/r/Nyaacae va @Sak/Nyaacae ki/Mw/#i @w/lae Aah/iqa. BaaXaa maanavaanai bana@valailyaa

Asaqaaqa, qyaamauL/ica qyaa AsaMKya Aah/iqa. pa#qyaik/ BaaXaa Aapaapalyaapar/enai yaogyaca Asaqai. @va@vaWa maanavae BaaXaaMnae @svak/ar/lailyaa pa_/qaeMcaa AByaasa k/r/Fna qyaaMcaa qaulanaaqmak/ AByaasa k/r/Nyaacaa pa#yaqna Aajavar/ Jaalaa. ([w/a : '`Mt/r/nazSanala f/onait/ek/' h/a qyaacaaca ]k/ Baaga T/r/qao.) '@nasaga$ maanavaalaa k/aya k/aya w/i[ Sak/qao?' Aa@Na 'maanavae BaaXaaMnaa qyaaqaela k/aya k/aya Gaiqaa Aalai?', Asaa AByaasa k/r/Nai maaJyaa @sa_/aMqaaMmauL/i Sa\ya h/oqai. qyaaqaUna BaaXaaMcyaa AMqar/Mgaacaa vyavasQaeqa AByaasa k/r/qaa yaiqao. Aajapaya$Mqa mar/aT/epauD/ela sava$ Anau*ar/eqa pa#YnaaMnaa navyaa @sa_/aMqaaMmauL/i sah/jaqanai saod/vaqaa Aalai Aah/i. ''''saMsk%/qa Aa@Na mar/aT/e BaaXaiqaela Axar/r/canaa k/Sae Baenna Aah/i?, Rh/sva Aa@Na w/eGa$ yaaMcae naimak/e Aa@Na Saas>aeya vyaaKyaa k/aya?, mar/aT/eqa '=, =%, la%' svar/ k/a naah/eqa?, 'ba#ahmaNa' Sabw/ saMsk%/qa maWyai Asalaa qar/e mar/aT/enai qao 'ba#amh/Na' Asaa k/a Gaiqalaa Aah/i?, mar/aT/elaa w/ivanaagar/e @lapae @svak/ar/qaa Aalae paNa saMsk%/qalaa maod/e @svak/ar/qaa k/a yaiNaar/ naah/e?, mar/aT/eqa baar/aKadyaa Asaqaaqa va saMsk%/qamaWyai qyaa nasaqaaqa, Asai k/a?, . . .'''', ASaa AsaMKya Anau*ar/eqa pa#YnaaMnaa '100 @ca>aaMcyaa' pa#w/Sa$naaqaUna [*ar/i w/iNyaacaa k/aya$k#/ma malaa qyaamauL/ica k/r/qaa yaiqao. @navvaL/ BaaXaNa w/iNyaapaixaa laok/aMcyaa pa#YnaaMnaa [*ar/i w/iqa saMvaaw/ saaWaqaanaa baRyaaca gaoXt/eMcaa [h/apaoh/ h/oqao. ''vayask/r/, qar/FNa, laiKak/, vaacak/, vyaak/r/Nak/ar/, maanyavar/, saamaanya, @Saxak/, pa#aWyaapak/, @va@vaWa baolae, pauD/ar/e, pa>ak/ar/, . . . '' ASaa samaajaaqaela @va@vaWa sQar/aMcyaa mar/aT/ebaabaqacyaa gar/jaaMnaa @w/lailae [*ar/i yaogya T/r/qaaqa h/i yaaqauna k/L/qa gailai. Aajavar/ Asai k/aya$k#/ma 'r/ajya mar/aT/e @vak/asa saMsQai' qafi$/ 'navae mauMba`$' yaiQai, 'mauMba`$ mar/aT/e pa>ak/ar/ Bavana, AaJaaw/ maIw/ana', 'saaTyai k/azlaija' @valaipaalai$, vagaIr/i @T/k/aNae ki/lailai Aah/iqa. h/a k/aya$k#/ma sak/aL/e 9 qai saMWyaak/aL/e 5 Asaa paUNa$ @w/vasaBar/acaa Asaqao. (maaJyaa ku/t/uMbaaqaela sava$ vya\qae qyaaqa sah/Baagae h/oqaaqa, maw/qa k/r/qaaqa, h/i Aavajau$na saaMgaavaisai vaat/qai. maaJyaa ku/t/UMbaacaa mar/aT/ecyaa @vak/asaaqaela 'Kaar/ecaa vaat/a' Asai Aamh/e maanaqao.) 11. saamaanya maaNasaacyaa mar/aT/e f/azNt/cyaa gar/jaa SaoWauna, Aajavar/ @namaa$Na ki/lyaa gailailyaa f/azNt/maWaela qa%t/e laxaaqa Aalyaa. 'gar/jaa' Aa@Na 'qa%t/e' yaaMcaa qaulanaaqmak/ AByaasa, saMgaNak/aqaela r/canaaMcae ga%h/eqai, mar/aT/ecyaa 'ga{a Aa@Na pa{a' @vaBaagaacyaa gar/jaa, mar/aT/eqaela AQa$ @na@ma$qaecae sau>ai, t/aya@peMgacyaa sah/jasaulaBa saoyae Aa@Na payaa$ya, k/Waeh/e k/alabaahya na T/r/Nyaacae mar/aT/e f/azNt/cae gar/ja, . . . vagaIr/i gaoXt/e laxaaqa Gai[na 'GANGALS' yaa baznar/ Kaalae Kaupa f/azNt/ banavalai. Aaqaa jalaw/ saoppae mar/aT/e naavaanai saMgaNak/eya mar/aT/ecai AqyaaWau@nak/ t/aya@paMga t/Ula @vak/@saqa ki/lai Aah/i. qai vaajavae w/r/aqa [palabWa ki/lai Aah/i. mar/aT/e f/azNt/cyaa pauD/ela maulaBaUqa gar/jaaMvar/ qyaaqa k/t/axaanai laxa w/elai Aah/i. (1) qao k/Waeh/e k/alabaahya T/r/F nayai. (2) maayak#/osaaz|t/cyaa 'Words, Excel, . . . vagaIr/i' @T/k/aNae qao @var/Fpa na h/oqaa, vyavasQaeqa caalaavaa. (3) qao vaajavae w/r/aqa [palabWa Asaavaa. (4) qao '95, 98. XP, Vista . . .' Asaa k/oNaqyaah/e saMgaNak/aqa vyavasQaeqa caalaavaa. (5) qao `$maila maWai va PageMaker, PhotoShop maWai vaapar/qaa yaavaa. (6) qao '.html' maWyaih/e vyava@sQaqapaNai vaapar/qaa yaavaa. (6) saMgaNak/aqa f/azNt/ `nt/azla k/r/Nyaacae r/eqa saaWaesaopae Asaavae. (7) kM/sa va r/iXa t/akU/na mar/aT/eqa Baagaak/ar/ k/r/qaa yaavaa. (8) ASaa AsaMKya gaoXt/e yaaqaUna @maL/qaaqa. ('pa#qyaik/ mar/aT/e maaNasaalaa qyaacaa saMgaNak/ mar/aT/eqaUna vaapar/qaa yaiNai h/a qyaacaa janma@sa_/ h/\k/ Aah/i', Asai ba#ew/vaa\ya maaJyaa ku/t/UMbaanai @svak/ar/lai Aah/i. qyaalaa Anausar/Fna Aamh/e mar/aT/e f/azNt/ svasqaaqa [palabWa ki/lai Aah/iqa.) 12. jai. jai. sku/la Aazf/ Aat/$ maWyai 2007 saalacai vaa@Xa$k/ lai\car/ 'Lipikar L. S. Wakankar Memorial Lecture', w/iNyaasaaT/e AamaM>aeqa ki/lai gailai. qai lai\car/ 28 f/iba#uvaar/e 2007 laa 'Light and Sounds in Language: Typography and Speech' yaa @vaXayaavar/ h/oqai. 'laiKana' mh/Najai w/%Xya Wvanae, qao pa#qyaik/ BaaXaa Aapaapalyaa par/enai k/saa h/aqaaL/qai Aa@Na qao maanavaalaa A@Wak/ caaMgalyaa pa#k/ar/i k/saa h/aqaaL/qaa yaiqao, yaacae maa@h/qae @sa_/aMqaaMcyaa AaWaar/i maanyavar/aMnaa w/iqaa Aalae. `Mga#jae BaaXaa '@laKaeqa', saMsk%/qa BaaXaa 'maO@Kak/' Aa@Na mar/aT/e BaaXaa 'Ya#avya' k/a T/r/qai?, h/a vaigaL/a par/esar/ cacai$qaUna maaMd/qaa Aalaa. Aajavar/cyaa k/oNaqyaah/e cacai$qa h/a @vaXaya ASaa Acauk/qainai maaMd/laa gailaa navh/qaa, Asai saaM@gaqalai gailai. (cacai$qaUna @sa_/aMqaaMcae k/saot/e Gaiqa, qai qapaasalai jaa[Fna, qyaaMcyaa Acauk/qaicae gvaah/e @maL/alyaacaa AanaMw/ Jaalaa. ASaa baRyaaca k/aya$k#/maaqaUna saMSaoWanaacai k/ama saur/F T/ivaNyaacaa [qsaah/ @maL/alaa.) 13. jyaa maoja\yaa k/aya$k#/maaMcaa [llaiKa Aavajau$na k/r/avaasaa vaat/qao qyaaqa 'ma@h/laa mah/a@va{aalaya Aa@Na Aga#Nae mah/a@va{aalaya k/r/ad/', 'mar/aT/e BaaXaa saMvaWa$na pa#@qaXT/ana, pauNai qafi$/ Jaalailae pa>ak/ar/ par/eXaw/, 'mah/ar/aXt/^ saa@h/qya par/eXaw/ pauNai', 'PaanaSa\qae maMca Aapalaa caOQaa sqaMBa', Aaw/eMcaa samaavaiSa h/oqao. qyaa qyaa @T/k/aNacyaa samaajaacyaa mar/aT/e baabaqacyaa @Banna gar/jaa Aa@Na pa#YnaaMnaa [*ar/i w/iNai Aa@Na cacaa$ k/r/Nai yaaqauna navyaa

yaojanaa AaKaNyaacae sfu/qae$ @maL/alae. ASaa k/aya$k#/maaMmauL/i vya\qae, saMsQaa Aa@Na Aajacyaa mar/aT/ecyaa gar/jaa pa#k/Xaa$nai saamaoRyaa Aalyaa. Aajavar/ k/Waeh/e na maaMd/lae gailailae AaWau@nak/ Saas>aeya maqai mar/aT/ecyaa Ba@vaXyaasaaT/e [payau\qa T/r/qaaqa h/i @sa_/ Jaalai. (svaqa:cai paIsai Aajavar/ Kaca$ k/r/qa paUNa$ ki/lailyaa yaojanaaMcae yaogyaqaa Ajamaavauna paah/Nai, h/a AanaMw/ qyaaqa h/oqaa!) 14. 'AapalaM mah/anagar/' yaa vaqa$maanapa>aaqa w/r/ saomavaar/e mar/aT/e BaaXaisaaT/e 'vyaak/r/Naacyaa w/h/Saqae @var/F_/cae maoh/ema' Ya#e. yauvar/aja maoh/eqai yaaMcyaa sah/k/ayaa$nai h/aqae Gaiqalae. qyaaqaUna ]kU/Na 28 laiKa pa#@sa_/ ki/lai. qyaa laiKaaMbaabaqacai 'saopae mar/aT/e Kar/e mar/aT/e' h/i pausqak/ maaJyaaca Kacaa$nai pa# @sa_/ ki/lai. qyaa laiKaaMbaabaqa Aalailyaa AgaNaeqa pa#@qa@k#/yaaMqa 'yaogya, Ayaogya, sak/ar/aqmak/, nak/ar/aqmak/, Aapaulak/ecyaa, Ar/ir/avaecyaa, . . .' ASaa baRyaaca h/oqyaa. BaaXaa yaa pa#aMqaaqah/e vaIya@\qak/ 'r/ajak/ar/Na' k/sai Asaqai qyaacaa pa#qyaya Aalaa. navyaa @sa_/aMqaaMnaa @var/oWa k/r/Nyaacae k/ar/Nai, (1) Aajavar/ @Saxak/ mh/Nauna Saik/d/o @va{aaQae$ @namaa$Na k/r/Nyaaqa AayauXyaacae pannaasa vaXai$ Gaalavalae Aa@Na qyaamauL/i Aajavar/ @Sak/valailai cauk/ecai h/oqai h/i maanya k/r/Nyaacae ku/vaqa nasaNai, (2) mar/aT/e Aa@Na saMsk%/qa yaa w/ona Baenna BaaXaa Asauna qyaaMcaa qat/sQaqainai @vacaar/ k/r/Nai Agaqyaacai Aah/i, h/a @vacaar/ca Amaanya AsaNai, (3) 'baolae Aa@Na @laKaeqa' yaa paar/Mpaar/ek/ saemaa AolaaMd/una Aaqaa BaaXaaMnae 'saMgaNak/eya' @xaqaeja gaaT/Nai gar/jaicai Aah/i, h/i pa#sQaapaeqa vyaak/r/Nak/ar/aMcyaa pacanae na pad/Nai. (4) vyaak/r/Nak/ar/aMnaa saMgaNak/acae maa@h/qae nasaNai Aa@Na saMgaNak/ qaPaaMnaa vyaak/r/Naacae gar/ja na BaasaNai, yaamauL/i mar/aT/evar/ h/oNaaRyaa @vapar/eqa par/eNaamaaMcae jaa@Nava sau_/a nasaNai, . . . , ASaa pa#k/ar/cae h/oqae. (Aajacyaa mar/aT/epauD/ela samasyaaMcae pauqa$qaa k/r/Nyaacae xamaqaa pa#sQaapaeqa vyaak/r/Naaqa Aa@Na Sau_/laiKana @nayamaavalaeqa naah/e, yaacae Kaaqar/jamaa maa>a savaa$Mk/d/una Jaalae! mar/aT/ecyaa sava$k/Xa @vak/asaasaaT/e navyaa @sa_/aMqaaMcaaca maaga$ yaogya T/r/qao h/i paunh/a @sa_/ Jaalai.) 15. mar/aT/e BaaXaa sava$samaavaiSak/ T/r/qai Aa@Na k/oNaqyaah/e maanavae BaaXaaMmaWalai [ccaar/ k/L/Nyaa `qapaqa qae saxama Aah/i, yaacaa pad/qaaL/a 'Gangals font' yaa pa#yaogaaqauna Aalaa. 'sava$ maanavae BaaXaaMsaaT/ecaa ]k/ca f/azNt/' Asaa qao pa#yaoga h/oqaa. `Mga#jaeqalaa 'father' maWalaa 'f/' Aa@Na mar/aT/eqalaa 'f/Nasaaqa'laa 'f/' AKair/esa 'f/' mh/Naunaca AoL/Kalaa Aa@Na BaaXaiqa vaapar/laa jaaqao. maanavaalaa [ccaar/ k/r/Nyaacae k/laa 'svar/yaM>a qai AoT/' hyaa qaoMd/aqalyaa AvayavaaMqaunaca pa#apqa h/oqai. [ccaar/aqaela '@jaBailaa laagalailai vaL/Na' Balai k/oNaqyaah/e BaaXaicai Asao, [ccaar/aqaela @Bannaqaa, qat/sQaqaa Aa@Na samaanaqaa maanavaalaa jaaNaqaa yaiqai. [ccaar/aqaela ki/vaL/ 'jaaqaegauNavaI@SaXtya' k/agaw/avar/ [qar/@vaqaa Aalai qar/e maanavae BaaXaiqaela bar/acasaa AQa$ samajaNyaasa maw/qa h/oqai. BaaXaaMcyaa jaaga@qak/ek/r/Naacae saur/vaaqa vaa @Banna BaaXaaMcaa saMk/r/ h/oNyaaqaela svaaBaa@vak/qaa 'Gangals font' yaa pa#yaogaaqauna pad/qaaL/qaa Aalae. qyaacai naamak/r/Na 'Gen next idiomatic, Many tongues one script' Asai maananaeya Ya#e, Ar/FNa saaWau yaaMnae sauca@valai! laok/sa*aacai saMpaaw/k/ maananaeya Ya#e. ku/maar/ k/iqak/r/ yaaMcyaa sah/k/ayaa$nai qao f/azNt/ 'laok/sa*aicyaa vaibavar/' bar/aca k/aL/ @w/laa h/oqaa. jagaacyaa paaT/evar/Fna bar/ica f/ona, `$maila Aalai Aa@Na cacaa$ Gad/lyaa. '[ccaar/, laiKana Aa@Na AQa$' yaaMcae saaMgad/ GaalaNyaacae maanavae BaaXaaMcae @Banna xamaqaa ]k/a paaqaL/evar/ k/Sae yai[F Sak/qai qyaacaaca qao ]k/ AByaasa h/oqaa. (BaaXaaMcyaa jaaga@qak/ek/r/NaasaaT/e mar/aT/e BaaXainai k/oT/i, k/sai Aa@Na @k/qae baw/lalai paah/ejai?, qyaacae jad/NaGad/Na yaa pa#yaogaamauL/i qapasaqaa Aalae. saMSaoWanaaqaela AaNaKae ]k/ paa[Fla pauD/i t/ak/lyaacaa AanaMw/ @maL/alaa.) 16. 'Compu pa{a' maWauna 'k/@vaqaa' h/a @vaBaaga k/ah/e mayaa$w/ipaya$Mqa h/aqaaL/laa h/oqaa. qyaacai @xaqaeja jar/ 'jagaaqaela k/oNaqyaah/e BaaXaiqaela AnaMqa k/@vaqaa' Asai vyaapak/ k/r/Fna 'layaqaala@vacaar/' saMgaNak/aqaUna AoL/Kauna w/aKavaqaa Aalai qar/ maaMd/lailai @sa_/aMqa vaigaLyaa sQar/apaya$Mqa qapaasalai gailai Asai h/o`$la, h/a @vacaar/ baL/avalaa. mar/aT/e k/@vaqaa 'AXt/ gaNaaMvar/' AaWaar/eqa Asaqai qar/ gaJala 'w/Sa gaNaaMvar/' AaWaar/eqa Asaqai. jar/ k/@vaqaa Aa@Na gaJala hyaa w/onh/e gaoXt/eM saMgaNak/aqaUna 'layaqaala@vacaar/aM'saaT/e saaz|t/vaiAr/maWaUna qapaasaqaa Aalai qar/ jagaaqaela bah/uqaik/ sava$ BaaXaaMqaela 'k/avya' qapaasaqaa yai`$la, Asaa AByaasa k/r/Fna Jaalaa h/oqaa. ga{a Aa@Na pa{a yaa w/oGaaMqah/e k/avya Asaqai Aa@Na qaih/e navyaa saaz|t/vaiAr/maWaUna qapaasaqaa yaavai ASae qaL/maL/ h/oqae. gaJalaicyaa vyaak/r/Naacaa AByaasa samauw/#avar/cyaa f/avalyaa vaiL/aqa paUNa$ ki/laa. 'gaJalaicai saMgaNak/eya BaaXaa vyaak/r/Na' @lah/Una paUNa$ ki/lai. qyaanaMqar/ @maL/alailyaa sautt/ecaa vaapar/ k/r/Fna 'k/@vaqaa Aasvaaw/ Aa@Na gaJala Aasvaaw/' h/i saaz|t/vaiAr/ paUNa$ ki/lai. qai qapaasaNyaasaaT/e maananaeya Ya#e. maMgaiSa paad/gaavak/r/, Ya#e. SaMk/r/ vaI{a, Ya#e. yaSavaMqa w/iva yaaMcyaaSae baRyaaca vaiL/a gaaT/eBait/e Jaalyaa. maaJyaa w/%Xt/enai qao var/var/ @w/saNaar/a 'k/avya xai>aaqaela' [pak#/ma Baasalaa qar/e qyaacai mauL/ r/Fpa 'BaaXaicyaa jaaga@qak/ek/r/Naacae naaMw/e' Asai h/oqai. w/Ur/w/%Xt/e Asalailyaa maaJyaa k/ak/aMnae, Ya#e. @w/nak/r/ gaaMgala yaaMnae h/a @vaXaya [calauna War/laa. 'ga#MQaalae' Aa@Na 'r/ajya mar/aT/e @vak/asa saMsQaa' yaaMnae qyaabaabaqacaa pa@h/laa k/aya$k#/ma 29 maaca$ 2006 r/ojae 'pa>ak/ar/ Bavanaacyaa saBaaga%h/aqa'

Aayaojaeqa ki/laa. samaar/MBaalaa pa#mauKa paah/uNai (1) Ya#e. Aaya. ]sa. baor/k/r/ (r/ed/r/ - r/esaca$ Aazf/esar/ AzMd/ h/id/, mat/ir/eAla pa#azd/\Sana saiMt/r/, saiMt/^la `nst/etyaut/ Aazf/ `Md/eyana lazMgvaijaisa, @d/paat/$maiNt/ Aazf/ saik/Md/r/e AzMd/ h/ayar/ ]jyauki/Sana, @ma@nast/^e Aazf/ hyaumana @r/saosai$sa, gavh/na$maiMt/ Aazf/ `Md/eyaa, mh/Isaur/), (2) d/az. pauXpak/ Batt/acaaya$ (@d/paat/$maiMt/ Aazf/ k/azMpyaut/r/ saayansa AzMd/ `M@janaeyar/eMga, Aaya. Aaya. t/e., pava`$, mauMba`$), (3) Ya#e. maMgaiSa paad/gaavak/r/, (4) Ya#e. SaMk/r/ vaI{a Aa@Na saa@h/qya par/eXaw/icai AWyaxa Ya#e. ki/Sava maiYa#ama h/oqai. samaar/MBaacai sau>asaMcaalana maaJai @ma>a Ya#e. saw/anaMw/ d/baer/ Aa@Na Ar/FNa mh/a>ai yaaMnae ki/lai h/oqai. '''jagaaqalyaa k/oNaqyaah/e BaaXaiqaela k/@vaqaa saaMgaa, saMgaNak/aqa qae mar/aT/ecaa @f/lt/r/ vaapar/Fna @lah/Una qyaaqaela 'layaqaala@vacaar/aMcae' AaiL/Ka k/r/Fna @maL/ila''', Asai d/imaaznst/^iSana @w/lai. baRyaaca jaNaaMnaa h/e k/lpanaaca Bannaat/ svapnaela vaat/lae. Ya#e. maMgaiSa paad/gaavak/r/, Ya#e. SaMk/r/ vaI{a yaaMnae h/i saaz|t/vaiAr/ k/aya k/aya k/r/F Sak/qai qyaacaa AaD/avaa Gaiqalaa. Ya#e. maMgaiSa paad/gaavak/r/ yaaMnae h/i saaz|t/vaiAr/ mh/Najai maanavae BaaXaaMcyaa k/avyaaMcaa 'Qad/$ AMpaayar/' Asai ki/lai. qyaanaMqar/ baRyaaca AoL/Kae va gaaT/eBait/e Jaalyaa. baRyaaca k/vae Aa@Na gaJalak/ar/ yaaMnae Gar/e yai[na navai saaz|t/vaiAr/ qapaasauna yaaigya va Acauk/ Asalyaacai maanya ki/lai. (jar/ jagaaqaela ]k/ BaaXaa `qar/ sava$ BaaXaaMqaela 'layaqaal@avacaar/' AoL/Kauna w/aKavaqa Asaila qar/ qae BaaXaa `qar/ BaaXaaMpaixaa Ya#iXT/ mh/Naqaa yaiqai. qyaa w/%Xt/enai mar/aT/e BaaXailaa jagaacyaa paaT/evar/ maanaacai sQaana @maL/vauna w/iNyaacai Baagya malaa laaBalai yaaqaela samaaWaana AvaNa$naeya h/oqai.) 17. 'k/@vaqaa Aasvaaw/ Aa@Na gaJala Aasvaaw/' hyaa saaz|t/vaiAr/cyaa pa@#sa_/ecyaa saumaar/asa pauD/ela qaena pausqaki/ pa#@sa_/ ki/lae. (1) 'maanavae BaaXaa @vaPaana [ccaar/ saaqaqya' : pa#qyaik/ BaaXaiqa yaanaa qyaa svar/Fpaaqa 'vyaMjana, svar/, @var/ama, Axar/i' Asaqaaqa. 'maanavaacyaa jaa@NavaaMnaa [magaNaaRyaa WvanaepaasaUna' qai 'BaaXailaa [payau\qa T/r/NaaRyaa Axar/aMcyaa @na@ma$qaepaya$Mqa' Asaa pa#vaasa yaa pausqak/aqaUna Gad/qao. jagaaqa AnaMqa Wvanae Aah/iqa. maanavaacyaa jaa@NavaaMnaa [magaNaaRyaa 'Wvanae ]k/k/aqa' Wvanaecai sava$ gauNaWama$ Asaqaaqa. 'Wvanae ]k/k/' yaacae vyaaKyaa hyaa pausqak/aqa @w/lae Aah/i. @nasagaa$nai @w/lailyaa w/iNagyaaMcaa vaapar/ BaaXaa @na@ma$qaesaaT/e maanavaalaa k/saa k/r/Fna Gaiqaa yaiqao yaacaa @vacaar/ 'SaaSvaqa ga%@h/qai' maMad/una ki/laa Aah/i. 'SaaSvaqa ga@%h/qai' mh/Najai Asai naIsa@ga$k/ @nayama jyaavar/ maanavaalaa AvalaMbauna r/h/avaica laagaqai. @nasagaa$nai maanavaavar/ laaw/lailyaa w/iNagyaaMcaa laaBa [T/vauna Axar/ @na@ma$qae k/r/qaanaa '[ccaar/ saaqaqyaacaa' @vacaar/ k/r/avaa laagaqao. '[ccaar/saaqaqyaacae' gar/ja, [payaoga va @na@&aqa maaMd/Nae yaa pausqak/aqa @w/lae Aah/i. baolae BaaXaa, @laKaeqa BaaXaa, Axar/aMcae k/agaw/e va%*ae yaaMcaa ]k/maik/aMSae Asalailaa saMbaMWa yaaqauna spaXt/ h/oqao. vyaMjanaacae vyaaKyaa @na@&aqa k/r/Nai Aa@Na svar/-saur/ yaaqaela f/r/k/ maaMd/Nai yaiQai saaWalailai Aah/i. h/i pausqak/ mar/aT/eqa @la@h/lailai Asalai qar/e qai k/ivaL/ mar/aT/esaaT/e nasauna maanavaacyaa k/oNaqyaah/e BaaXaicyaa AByaasak/acyaa w/%Xt/enai yaogya T/r/ila. (hyaa pausqak/acae maaMd/Nae k/r/Nyaaqa maaJai @k/qyaik/ ma@h/nai gailai. Anaik/w/a ki/lailae maaMd/Nae malaaca pasaMqa na pad/lyaanai na kM/t/aL/qaa pa#yaqna k/r/qa r/ah/elao. 'SaaSvaqa ga%@h/qai' h/a par/valaecaa Sabw/ saapad/laa Aa@Na maga 189 naIsa@ga$k/ 'SaaSvaqa ga%@h/qaaMcyaa' maaMd/NaeqaUna pausqak/acae r/canaa paUNa$ k/r/qaa Aalae.) (2) 'mar/aT/e pa{aaqaela lagauqva AoL/KaNyaasaaT/ecai @nayama' : laGau Axar/alaa ]k/ va gaur/F Axar/alaa w/ona Asai gauNa War/Fna pa{aaqaela AoL/ecai jai gauNa Asaqaaqa qyaalaa yaa pausqak/aqa 'lagauqva' mh/t/lai Aah/i. Aajacyaa mar/aT/e BaaXaiqa Asalailyaa va `qar/ BaaXaiqauna mar/aT/eqa yai[F Sak/NaaRyaa Sabw/aMcaa @vacaar/ k/r/Fna, 'mar/aT/e pa{aaqaela lagauqva AoL/KaNyaasaaT/ecai @nayama' maaMd/lailai Aah/iqa. sava$ mar/aT/e BaaXaa 'layaqaala@vacaar/aM'saaT/e Aat/opaSaer/ @nayamaaqa basavaNai yaiQai saaWalailai Aah/i. hyaa @nayamaaMcyaaca AaWaar/aMvar/ 'k/@vaqaa Aasvaaw/ Aa@Na gaJala Aasvaaw/' yaa saMgaNak/eya saaz|t/vaiAr/cyaa yaaMcyaa maulaBaUqa r/canaaMcae @Basqa Aah/i. h/i @nayama (1) vaapar/ayalaa saopai, (2) ]k/maik/aMSae baaM@Walak/e paaL/Naar/i, (3) k/L/ayalaa saopai, (4) laiKanaaqaela sava$ baabaqaeqa laagau h/oNaar/i, (5) yaogya va maojak/a @naNa$ya w/iNaar/i, (6) @nayamaaMnaa [pa@nayama nasalailai, (7) 'ki/vaL/ mar/aT/e' Asaa @vacaar/ k/r/Fna baiqalailai Aah/iqa. va%*ai, jaaqae, C/Mw/ Aa@Na mau\qaC/Mw/, ASaa sava$ pa{a pa#k/ar/aqaela k/agaw/e-va%*aeqa w/d/lailai k/avyaaqmak/ gauNa yaamauL/i k/L/qaaqa. pa{a @Sak/NaaRyaaMnaa, k/r/NaaRyaaMnaa, jaaNaUna GaiNaaRyaaMnaa h/i @nayama [payau\qa T/r/qaaqa. mar/aT/e BaaXaiqaela 'vyaMjana va svar/aMcae maaMd/Nae va jaod/Nae', 'Axar/aMcae [ccaar/ pa_/qa Aa@Na vyavasQaapana', 'Sabw/aMcae baaMWaNae, [ccaar/aqaela k/alamaapana va @valagaqaa', 'BaaXaicae T/ivaNa va gaqae' Aa@Na '@nayamaeqa AMqar/avar/ pad/Naar/i pa{aacai qauk/d/i' SaoWaNai yaamauL/i Sa\ya h/oqai. (saMgaeqa r/qnaak/r/, layaqaala@vacaar/aMvar/ela ga#MQa, C/Mw/or/canai saar/Kai pa{aabaabaqacai ga#MQa, gaJalaaMcyaa vyaak/r/Naacai AMqar/Mga saaMgaNaar/i ga#MQa, sa@maxaa, laiKa vagaIr/iqaUna ki/lailyaa AByaasaacyaa naoMw/e k/amaalaa Aalyaa! ki/vaL/ 26 @nayamaaMqa sava$ mar/aT/e BaaXaa layaqaala@vacaar/asaaT/e gauMf/qaa Aalae. 'BaaXaaMcae k/agaw/e va%*ae' Aa@Na 'BaaXaaMcae

saMgaNak/eya va%*ae' yaacaa AByaasa mah/*vaacaa T/r/laa!) (3) 'Perception, Sound, Prose and Poetry': malaa 'Wvanae qai BaaXaa' yaa @vaXayaaMvar/ela pausqaki/ mar/aT/eqaUna @lah/eNai Baaga pad/lai k/ar/Na qyaasaaT/e `Mga#jae BaaXaa Aqa%pqa T/r/qai. Agaw/e maulaBaUqa vyaaKyaaMmaWyaica mar/aT/e Aa@Na `Mga#jaeqa pa#caMd/ qaf/avaqa Aah/i. vyaMjana mh/Najai 'consonant' Aa@Na svar/ mh/Najai 'Vowel' T/r/qa naah/eqa. `Mga#jaeqauna ASaa baRyaaca pa#sQaapaeqa Sabw/aMsaaT/e w/usar/i Sabw/ @namaa$Na k/r/Nai vaa Asalailyaa Sabw/aMnaa A@Bapa#iqa AQaa$paya$Mqa naiNai ASa\ya T/r/qai k/ar/Na Sabw/aMcaa qyaa qyaa BaaXaiqaela AQa$ @va@vaWaqaiqaUna @sQar/avalailaa Asaqao. paNa qar/eh/e saayansacyaa AMgaanai hyaa @vaXayaavar/ `Mga#jaeqauna @lah/elailai pausqak/ 'Perception, Sound, Prose and Poetry' yaa naavaanai pa#@sa_/ ki/lai. We study and experience the sound in physics, prose, Poetry, Music etc. The sound in all these faculties 'Sounds' different to us. Following new concepts are covered in this book. (1) Study of the Sound and a 'Human Perception', (2) Definition of 'a Sound', (3) Theory of 'Narrow Sound and Broad Sound', (4) Theory of 'Six Convictions of a Sound', (5) Definition of 'Coherent Speech', (6) Discussion of 'AcquiredKnowledge', 'Gained-Understanding', 'Human Perception', 'Present Tense', 'ThreeDimensions and Perception', 'Time Unit Theme', 'Consonants', 'Vowels', 'Extension of Understanding'. (7) Methods of utilizing available and useful resources from Science, Mathematic, History, Linguistic Anthropology, Physiology, and Binary System for Understanding Sound. yaaqa vaNa$na ki/lailyaa QaiAr/ecaa [payaoga 'k/@vaqaa Aasvaaw/ Aa@Na gaJala Aasvaaw/' yaa saaz|t/vaiAr/saaT/e k/r/qaa Aalaa. (h/i pausqak/ mae jah/ajaavar/ @lah/una paUNa$ ki/lai. jah/ajaavar/ela maaJai jyau@naAr/ Aa@Na @sanaeyar/ yaaMnaa qai ]k/ Aa&aya$ vaat/lai k/ar/Na maaJyaajavaL/ qaiQai k/oNaqaica saMw/Ba$ ga#MQa navh/qai! Gar/e Aalyaavar/ ki/vaL/ pausqak/ C/apaNyaacai k/ama @Sallak/ h/oqai!) 18. 'Baar/qaeya BaaXaa saMsQaana', maanava saMsaaWana @vak/asa maM>aalaya, maaWyamaek/ Aa@Na [cca @SaxaNa @vaBaaga, Baar/qa sar/k/ar/, maanasagaMgao>ae, mh/Isaur/ 570006 (Central Institute of Indian Languages, Ministry of Human Resource Development, Department of Secondary and Higher Education, Govt. of India, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006) yaaMcai 'Prosody in Indian Languages' yaa @vaXayaasaaT/e Aayaojaeqa ki/lailyaa qaena @w/vasaaMcyaa Baar/qaeya paaqaL/evar/ela k/aya$k#/maacai 21 qai 23 jaulaI 2004 saaT/ecai AamaM>aNa Aalai. qyaaqa mae pa@h/lyaaMw/a 'k/@vaqaa Aasvaaw/ Aa@Na gaJala Aasvaaw/' h/i saaz|t/vaiAr/ r/aXt/^eya sqar/avar/ saaw/r/ ki/lai. Baar/qaacyaa pa#qyaik/ r/ajyaaqaela k/avya xai>aaqaela maananaeya Aa@Na jaaNak/r/ qyaaqa sah/Baagae Jaalai h/oqai. qyaa k/aya$k#/maacaa pa@h/laa AWaa$ @w/vasa 'Key Note Address' mh/Nauna 'k/@vaqaa Aasvaaw/ Aa@Na gaJala Aasvaaw/' yaacai pa#qya@xak/, cacaa$, pa#Yna-[*ar/i Asaa Baaga saaw/r/ ki/laa. h/saqa KaiL/qa r/Mgalailyaa yaa k/aya$k/#maaqa, saaz|t/vaiAr/cai vaNa$na 'A@qaSaya [payau\qa, k/avyaaqalyaa layaqaala@vacaar/aMcai Acauk/ @naNa$ya w/iNaar/i, Aa&aya$k/ar/k/, Baar/qaeya BaaXaaMnaa ]k/>a AaNaNaar/i' Asai ki/lai gailai. h/a k/aya$k#/ma saaw/r/ k/r/Nyaaqa maaJyaa paqnaenai malaa maolaacae maw/qa ki/lae. Aasaama qai gaujar/aqa, k/aSmaer/ qai k/nyaaku/maar/e ASaa par/esar/aqaUna jamalailyaa Anaik/ @va{aapaeT/aMcyaa / saMsQaaMcyaa, caalak/aMnae, maanyavar/aMnae Aa@Na saMcaalak/aMnae ki/lailaa navyaa @sa_/aMqaaMcaa, AByaasaacaa Aa@Na saaz|t/vaiAr/caa gaOr/va mae k/Waeh/e @vasar/Naar/ naah/e. 'Aasaama'nai Aapalae k/@vaqaa saaMgaavae, 'laKanaO'nai qae saMgaNak/aqa @lah/avae, 'cainnayae'nai saaz|t/vaiAr/nai saucavalailaa 'layaqaala@vacaar/' saaMgaavaa Aa@Na `qar/aMnae qao qapaasaavaa, Asaa AaL/epaaL/enai 'k/avyamaya KaiL/' KaiL/laa gailaa. pa#qyaik/ vaiL/e saMgaNak/anai @w/lailai [*ar/ yaaigya Aah/i Asai @Sa\k/amaoqa$ba Jaalai. 'AnaMqa k/@vaqaa Aa@Na jagaaqaela k/oNaqaeh/e BaaXaa' Asai @xaqaeja gaaT/NaaRyaa 'k/@vaqaa Aasvaaw/ Aa@Na gaJala Aasvaaw/' yaa saaz|t/vaiAr/nai k/Oqauk/acaa maana @maL/valaa. Aajavar/ ki/lailyaa k/Xt/aMcai, Kaca$ ki/lailyaa laaKao r/FpayaaMcai, vyaqaeqa Jaalailyaa @k/qyaik/ vaXaa$Mcai maana@sak/ samaaWaana @maL/alai. (maaJyaa vyavasaayaamauL/i fu/r/saqaecaa vaiL/ @maL/ila qaivh/aca Asai saMvaaw/ Gad/qa h/oqai. jah/ajaavar/ gailyaavar/ AaT/-na[F ma@h/nai saMvaaw/ qaut/laa jaaqao va saMSaoWanaacyaa [payau\qaqaicaa h/vaa qaivaD/a f/ayaw/a laok/aMpaya$Mqa paocavaqaa yaiqa naah/e, h/e savaa$Mcae qak#/ar/ h/oqae. qae AQaa$qaca yaogya h/oqae. qyaamauL/ica Aaqaa saMSaoWanaalaa Aa@Na qyaaqalyaa k/aya$k#/maaMnaa paUNa$vaiL/ w/iNyaacai mae T/r/valai Aah/i.) 19. mar/aT/e maaNasaacaa janma saMpaqa Aalaa qar/e qyaacyaa 'Sau_/ laiKanaaqaela' cauk/a saMpaqa naah/eqa! 'Aamacae BaaXaa mar/aT/e. Aamh/e mar/aT/eqaUna @vacaar/ k/r/qao. mar/aT/eqaUna sava$ Baavanaa baolauna w/aKavaqao, saMvaaw/ saaWaqao, vyavah/ar/ k/r/qao, AayauXya vyaqaeqa k/r/qao. mar/aT/e Axar/acaa [caar/ Aa@Na @laKaeqa r/Fpa yaaqa k/maalaecai saamya Asalyaacai AnauBavaqao. AapaNa Aapalai @vacaar/, Baavanaa k/agaw/avar/ [qar/@vaqao. mh/Najai qyaaqa Aapalyaa w/%Xt/enai

cauk/ nasaqai. qyaaqa cauk/a @w/saqaaqa qyaa 'Sau_/laiKana @nayamaavalaelaa'! pa#qyaik/acyaa baabaqaeqa Asai Gad/qai. Agaw/e 'Sau_/laiKana' yaa @vaXayaavar/ Gaiqalailyaa w/ona @w/vasaacyaa cacaa$sa>aaqaela @laKaeqa f/lak/aqaca (qyaalaa AapaNa saamaanyapaNai baznar/ mh/Naqao!) cauk/ h/oqae Aa@Na w/ona @w/vasaaMqa @t/palailyaa pa#qyaik/ C/ayaa@ca>aaqa qae cauk/ @t/palae gailae! 'sauKae maaNasaacaa saw/r/a' Aa@Na 'Sau_/laiKanaaqa cauk/ na k/r/Naar/a mar/aT/e' SaoWaunah/e saapad/qa naah/e. 'Sau_/laiKana @nayamaavalaecai' @nayama ki/vaL/ 18 Aah/iqa. ki/vaL/ 18 @nayama paaL/qaa na yaiNyaa ]vaD/a mar/aT/e maaNausa baiA\k/la Aah/i?, k/e 'Sau_/laiKana @nayamaavalae'cae jad/NaGad/Na mar/aT/ecyaa [pajaqa gauNaaMnaa saajailaSae naah/e?, yaavar/ @vacaar/ca ki/laa gailaa naah/e! 'saMsk%/qamaWauna mar/aT/eqa Aalailai Sabw/ k/oNaqai qai navyaa @paD/elaa k/L/Naar/ naah/e', h/e gaoXt/ sau_/a vyaak/r/Nak/ar/aMcyaa laxaaqa Aalae naah/e! 'Sau_/laiKana @nayamaavalae'cae Expiry date ki/vh/aca saMpalailae Aah/i! qyaasaaT/ecai Saas>aeya @vacaar/ 'Sau_/laiKanaacai @nayama Saunya Asaavaiqa' yaa pausqaeki/qauna pa#@sa_/ ki/lai Aah/iqa. (pau@sqak/a C/otyaaqa C/ot/e va mau}/isauw/ Asaavae yaa [}/iSaanai banavalae Aah/i. ki/vaL/ 32 paanaaqa 'baolae, laeKaeqa va saMgaNak/eya' @vacaar/aMnaa sQaana @w/lai Aah/i. hyaa @vaXayaabaabaqa sa@vasqar/ maah/eqae cacai$qaUna, BaaXaNaaqaUna, saMvaaw/aqaUna w/iqa Gaiqa Aah/i) 20. mar/aT/e vyaak/r/Naacyaa pausqak/acae gar/ja Baasalae qae `Mga#jaaMnaa, mar/aT/e maaNasaalaa naah/e! qyaamauL/i pa@h/lai mar/aT/e vyaak/r/Naacai pausqak/ `Mga#jae maaNasaanai @lah/elai. qyaaca k/aL/aqa mar/aT/enai maod/ecaa qyaaga k/r/Fna @pa#Mt/eMga t/i\naazlaazjaecaa sah/jasaulaBa vaapar/ vh/ayalaa w/ivanaagar/e @svak/ar/lae. baGaqaa baGaqaa maod/e maod/eqa @naGaalae! k/agaw/avar/ela mar/aT/e saMsk%/qasaar/Kae Baasau laagalae. mar/aT/enai w/ivanaagar/e svaak/ar/lai qaivh/a mar/aT/esaaT/e w/ivanaagar/eqa k/oNaqaa baw/la AavaSyak/ Aah/i hyaacaa qaeL/maa>ah/e @vacaar/ Jaalaa naah/e. w/ivanaagar/e @lapaesaaT/e mar/aT/eqaca baw/la Gad/@vaNyaacaa jaNau @vad/aca vyaak/r/Nak/ar/aMnae [calalaa. Aajavar/cae mar/aT/e vyaak/r/Naacae pausqaki/ mh/Najai 'saMsk%/qacyaa vyaak/r/Naalaa saajailasai mar/aT/e' T/r/qai! mar/aT/ecaa mar/aT/esaaT/e mar/aT/epaNaaqaUna @vacaar/ vh/avaa Asai malaa vaat/qai. AapaNa baolaqao qyaaqaca vyaak/r/Na Asaqai. vyaak/r/Naacae pausqak/i janmaaqa k/Waeh/e na @Sak/qaa mar/aT/e maaNasaacyaa @paDyaana@paDyaaMcai AayauXya saMpalai. 'vyaak/r/Naacyaa pausqak/acae gar/jaca na BaasaNaar/e mar/aT/e BaaXaa' Aa@Na 'vyaak/r/Na @Sak/lyaa@Savaaya vaiw/aMqaela paanah/e vaacaNyaacae mauBaa nasalailae saMsk%/qa BaaXaa' yaaqaela maulaBaUqa f/r/k/ mae pa@h/lyaa 'w/h/a @sa_/aMqaaMqaUna' maaMd/laa. qyaa pau@sqaki/cai naava 'mar/aT/e BaaXaicaa maulaBaUqa @vacaar/' Asai Aah/i. (yaaqaela @sa_/aMqa Kaasa mar/aT/e qar/ Aah/iqaca paNa qai jagaaqalyaa `qar/ BaaXaaMnaa [payaogae T/r/Naar/i Aah/iqa. '`Mga#jaelaa @d/\Sanar/ecae gar/ja Baasau nayai' yaasaaT/e k/aya [paaya yaojanaa k/r/avyaa laagaqaela?, mar/aT/e 'r/obaot/'laa vyavasQaeqa saMvaaw/ saaWaqaa yaiNyaasaaT/e k/aya k/r/avai?, 'Speech to text' Aa@Na 'Text to Speech' yaasaaT/ecae qar/qauw/ mar/aT/enai k/Sae k/r/avae?, vagaIr/i AsaMKya gaoXt/eMnaa [payaogae pad/qaela ]vaD/e hyaa @sa_/aMqaaMnaa Jaipa GaiNai Sa\ya Aah/i. (mar/aT/ecyaa Ba@vaXyaacyaa pa#vaasaacae 'SaUnyaaqaUna Bavyaqaik/d/i' ASae qae naaMw/e T/r/ila, Asai malaa vaat/qai.) Aajavar/ paUNa$ ki/lailyaa k/ah/e maoja\yaa pa#ojai\t/cae va k/aya$k#/maaMcae maa@h/qae yaiQai @w/lae Aah/i. Aaqaa sama@vacaar/e @ma>aaMcyaa sah/k/ayaa$nai laok/aBaemauKa h/oqa saamaa@jak/k/ayaa$qa sah/Baagae vh/avai ASae `cC/a Aah/i. Aajavar/ maaJyaa vyavasaayaamauL/i laok/aBaemauKa saMvaaw/aqa KaMd/ pad/qa gailyaanai saMSaoWanaabaabaqacai [pak#/ma r/abavaNai yaaqa @w/r/Mgaa`$ h/oqa gailae. Aaqaa paUNa$vaiL/ yaaca k/amaalaa w/iNyaacae `cC/a Aah/i. ki/lailyaa saMSaoWanaacaa f/ayaw/a laok/aMpaya$Mqa paocaavaa yaasaaT/e 'SaoWa mar/aT/ecaa' h/a vyaapak/ k/aya$k#/ma, maananaeya Ya#e. yamaajae maalak/r/ Aa@Na `qar/ @ma>aaMcyaa sah/k/ayaa$nai h/aqae Gaiqalailaa Aah/i. AapaNa savaa$Mnae qyaaqa 'qana-mana-Wanaa'nai saamaela vh/avai h/e @vanaMqae. mar/aT/e BaaXaicyaa r/ajah/Msaanai svaqa:cai Kar/i r/Fpa jaaNaavai Aa@Na @w/maaKaanai jagaasamaor/ yaavai, Asai Aamh/alaa vaat/qai. Aajacyaa 'saMgaNak/' naavaacyaa yaM>aalaa 'jaa@Navajanak/' banavaNyaacae xamaqaa ki/vaL/ mar/aT/e BaaXaiqa Aah/i, ]vaD/i Aavajau$na saaMgaavaisai vaat/qai! mar/aT/ecyaa @vak/asaaqa AapaNah/e Aamh/alaa sah/k/aya$ k/r/a h/e pa#imaL/ @vanaMqae. Aapalaa snaih/e, SauBaanana gaaMgala f/ona : 91-22-26201473 , maobaa`$la : 9833102727 , `$maila : gangal@gmx.com 19-20, Aayad/eyala Apaat/$maiMt/sa, gaulamaoh/r/ r/od/, jauh/u, mauMba`$ 400049.