Sei sulla pagina 1di 3

Der Konjunktiv

(English : The Subjunctive)

Subjunctive: A verb in the subjunctive mood express wishes, politeness or conditions which are contrary to fact Ich wschte, dass ich gehen knnte. Knnten Sie bitte mir helfen? Es wre toll, wenn ich da wre. I wish I could come. Could you help me, please? Itd be super if I were there.

How do you form the subjunctive? 1. The wrde+ infinitive construction Ich wrde gern dorthin. Wenn er nur kommen wrde. Conjugating wrden ich wrde ihr wrdet du wrdest wir wrden er/sie/es wrde Sie/sie wrden Id like to go there. If only hed come.

(This construction is never used with sein, haben or the modals)

2. The subjunctive of weak verbs is formed using the simple past Wenn ich eine Zeitung kaufte, wrde ich sie lesen. Es wre schn, wenn du kochtest. If I had a newspaper, Id read it. Itd be great if youd cook.

3. The subjunctive of mixed is formed using the simple past and adding an umlaut if the stem vowel is a, o, or u Wenn ich nur reich wre. Knntest du helfen? If only I were rich. Could you help?

4. The subjunctive of strong verbs is formed by placing an umlaut on the stem vowel on the simple past form if the vowel is an a, o, or u then an e is added to the end Ich ginge morgen, wenn ich Zeit htte. Ich kme zu spt. Wenn ich nur reich wre! Id go tomorrow if I had time. Id come too late. If only I were rich!

ich wre ihr wret

du wrest wir wren

er/sie/es wre Sie/sie wren

5. The subjunctive of the modal verbs if formed in two different ways Simple past + umlaut mssen- msste drfen- drfte knnen - knnte mgen- mchte (Modal Verbs are conjugated the same as strong verbs in the subjunctive) Simple Past sollen- sollte wollen- wollte

Common uses of the Subjunctive

1. Wishes
The verb wnschen (weak verb) is used in the subjunctive to mean wish Ich wnschte, dass ich einen privaten Zug htte. Wir wnschten, dass er hier wre. The phrase wenn nur equates to if only in English Wenn er nur hier wre. Wenn ich nur eine Katze htte. If only he were here. If only I had a cat. I wish I had a private train. We wish he were here.

2. Contrary-to-Fact Statements
These express what could happen but is not actually happening Ich wrde mit kommen, aber ich habe noch nicht meine Hausaufgaben gemacht. I would come along, but I have not finished my homework yet.

Du dchtest das nicht, wenn du die Wahrheit wsstest. You wouldnt think that if you knew the truth.

3. If-then clauses
Conditional clauses where wenn means if and both clauses are subjunctive Wenn ich mehr Zeit htte, dann wrde ich fter lessen. If I had more time, then Id read more often. Wenn wir unsere Freude treffen wollten, dann wrden wir sie anrufen. If we wanted to meet our friends, then wed call them.

4. Polite Requests
Ich htte gern eine Tasse Kaffe. Id like to have a cup of coffee. Knnten Sie uns sagen, wo das WC ist? Could you tell us where the restroom is?

Potrebbero piacerti anche