HVAC Insulation

HVAC Ins. Eg.

Thermal Insulation
Technical Requirements Definitions Condensation Q/A

HVAC Insulation
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Thermal Insulation

HVAC Insulation
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Thermal Insulation, in principal, is the resistance to reduce the heat transfer in a considerable amount. cold lines prevents heat loss heating lines prevents heat gains

The Resistance
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In Buildings; in Winter time

Heat Losses Heat Gains

in Summer time

In HVAC;

in Heating Lines in Cooling lines

Heat Losses Heat Gains

is Thermal Insulation

Cold Warm and Heating Lines

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HVAC Lines
Cold Lines Warm Lines Heating Lines

+6 C

+100 C

Where?
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Building HVAC Technical insulation

Circular Surfaces (Pipes)

Rectangular Surfaces (Air ducts)

Valves and Accessories

Thermal Insulation Material

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What is a Thermal Insulation Material? According to ISO and EN Standards;

If >0,065 W/mK If <0,065 W/mK
Building Material

Thermal Insulation Material

Thermal Insulation Materials

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Glasswool Stonewool Extruded Polistren (XPS) Expanded Polistren (EPS) Polyurathane (PUR) Phenolic Foam Cellular Glass

(EN 13162) (EN 13162) (EN 13164) (EN 13163) (EN 13165) (EN 13166) (EN 13167)

Technical Requirements
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1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) 11) 12)

Thermal Conductivity Coefficient( ) Water Vapor Diffusion Resistance Coefficient( ) Fire Classification (DIN 4102, BS 476, EN 13501) Corrosion Risk Temperature Range(C) Cell Structure Acoustic Performance Density (kg/m3) Weathering Resistance Dimensional Stability Easy Application Economics

NOT: Temperature range is not a selection criteria, it defines the usage area.

1. Thermal Conductivity ()
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It is the quantatiy of the energy which passes through a m3 of insulating material where there is 1C difference in tempurature between opposite surfaces.
3

WARM T1

1m 1m

COLD T2
Heat Transferred

(W/mK) 1m

HVAC Ins. 10

Thermal Conductivity ()

TM = at mean temperature tmedium + tambient tm = 2

Thermal Conductivity Coefficiency ( )

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Mean Temperature

Thermal Conductivty (W/mK)

10 12 16
0.034

C 0 10 25 50 75 100

18
0.033

20

24

30

32
0.030

36

48

60
0.030

64

72

0.038 0.036

0.032 0.031 0.030

0.029 0.029

0.030 0.030

0.040 0.038

0.036

0.035

0.034 0.032 0.032

0.031

0.030 0.030

0.031

0.031 0.031

0.044 0.041

0.039

0.038

0.036 0.035 0.034

0.033

0.032 0.031

0.032

0.032 0.032

0.055 0.048

0.044

0.043

0.041 0.039 0.037

0.037

0.036 0.035

0.036

0.036 0.036

0.064 0.059

0.051

0.048

0.046 0.043 0.041

0.040

0.039 0.037

0.038

0.038 0.038

0.074 0.065

0.057

0.053

0.051 0.047 0.045

0.044

0.043 0.041

0.042

0.043 0.043

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2.Water Vapour Diffusion Resistance Coefficient ()

It is the ratio of the resistance to the water vapour diffusion of an insulation material to the resistance of air

HVAC Ins. 13

Water Vapour Diffusion Resistance Coefficient ()

( no resistance to diffusion ) ( no diffusion )

=1 =

Diffusion tight materials = 10.000 - 100.000

For e.g ; Aluminium ( = )

3. Fire Classification
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DIN 4102 BS 476 EN 13501

DIN 4102 Standard

Thermal

15

A Incombustible materials
A1 That does not contain combustible materials A2 That contains combustible materials

B Combustible materials
B1 Hardly combustible materials B2 Normal combustible materials B3 Easily combustible materials

DIN 4102 Standard

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DIN 4102
ClassA (Incombustible) ClassB (Combustible)

A1

A2

B1
XPS PE

B2
PUR EPS Wood

B3
Paper Wood

Sand Glasswool Concrete Stonewool Brick Glasswool Stonewool

EN 13501 Standard - GlassWool

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A1

EN 13501 Standard - FEF

Thermal

18

B-s3-d0

4. Corrosion Risk
Thermal

19

According to DIN 1988 Part 7 Section 5:3 Limit Values Steel Pipes ; Chlor (%0,05) Copper Pipes ; Nitrate ve Ammonia (%0,2)

5.Temperature Range
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Thermal Insulation Material

Max.Operating Temperature(C)

Ceramic wool Stonewool Cellular Glass Glasswool FEF * Melamine Foam Phenolic Foam Polyurathane Polyethylene

1800 750 430 250 170 150 120 110 105

6. Cell Structure
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=1 open cell =3.000

closed cell

=7.000
closed cell

The Other Requirements

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8- Density is the only specification that can be measured in the site. 9- Mechanical Resistance
is the compressive strength at % 10 deflection. 10- Dimensional Stability 11- Easy Application 12- Economics

Question-1
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Which Thermal Insulation Materials are used in HVAC Applications ?

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Thermal Insulation Materials in HVAC Applications

Glasswool (GW) Stonewool (SW) Flexible Elastomeric Rubber Foam (NBR) Extruded Polyethylene Foam (XPE) Polyurathane Foam (PUF) Phenolic Foam (PF) Cellular Glass (CG)

Question-2
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Which thickness should be used ?

Which thickness should be used ?

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OdeCalc Program
For Pipes
Heat loss Temperature drop Surface temperature Freezing time Minumum insulation thickness preventing condensation

For Flat Surfaces

Heat loss Surface temperature Minumum insulation thickness preventing condensation

HVAC Ins. 26.2

To Prevent Condensation
- Minumum insulation thickness preventing condensation for Pipes -

PARAMETERS
Ambient temperature ( TaC) Medium temperature( Tm C) Tube diameter (mm) Insulation material Relative Humidity (%) 30 6 114 R-Flex-ST 70

RESULTS
Thermal Conductivity (W/mK) Dew point temperature ( Td C) Minimum insulation thickness (mm) K-Flex dimension 0.0375 23.9 11.4 13 x 114

For Energy Saving

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E.g. Ambient Temperature ( Ta) Medium Temperature ( Tm) Pipe Diameter (inch) Relative Humidity (%) RESULT

: 35C : : : 6 C 2 60

Min.insulation thickness to prevent condensation: 7.8 !

Insulation Thickness Energy saving due to thickness 9 mm. 62% 13 mm 69% 25 mm 78% 32 mm 80%

Question-3
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How is possible to prevent condensation ?

Definition of the Condensation

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= % 65

Ts = 24.1C Tm = 6C

Td = 22.8C Ta = 30C
R-Flex ST Tube diameter = 25.4 mm

Thickness =9mm
Minimum insulation thickness = 7.6 mm

Ts = 24.1C

>

Td = 22.8C

Surface temperature > Dew point temperature No Condensation!

Factors Affecting the Dew Point

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Ambient Temperature ( Ta = C ) Relative Humidity (=%)

Medium Temperature (Tm = C )

What is Relative Humidity?

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Parameters of Condensation
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Ambient Temperature ( Ta = C ) Relative Humidity ( = % ) medium temperature ( Tm = C ) Air flow The heat transfer coefficient ( ) Thermal Conductivity ( ) Water vapour diffusion resistance coefficient ( )

Parameters of Condensation.1
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Factors Affecting the Dew Point

Ambient temperature ( Ta = C ) Relative Humidity (=%)

Parameters of Condensation.2
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= Heat Transfer Coefficient of the Surface It is being changed according to the material structure

How does condensation happens

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1) If no thermal insulation is applied, 2) If an nsufficient thermal nsulation thickness is applied, Condensation on the Surface ! 3) Sufficient thermal insulation thickness 3.1 Thermal insulation material with a low value Condensation within the Insulation Material ! 3.2 Thermal insulation material with a high value No Condensation !

1- If no thermal insulation is applied

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= % 65

Ts = 6.1C Tm = 6C

Td = 22.8C Ta = 30C
Tube diameter = 25.4 mm

Minimum insulation thickness = 7.6 mm

Ts = 6.1C

<

Td = 22.8C

Condensation on the SURFACE !

HVAC Ins. 36

2- If an nsufficient thermal nsulation thickness is applied

=% Is Yaltm Yaplmazsa 65

18

Ts = 21.3C Tm = 6C

Td = 22.8C Ta = 30C
R-Flex ST Thickness =6 mm Tube diameter = 25.4 mm

Minimum insulation thickness = 7.6 mm

Ts = 21.3C

<

Td = 22.8C

Condensation on the SURFACE !

HVAC Ins. 37

2.1 If an nsufficient thermal nsulation thickness is applied

HVAC Ins. 38

3.1- Sufficient thermal insulation thickness

=% Is Yaltm Yaplmazsa 65

Ts = 23.6C Tm = 6C
Thickness =6 mm
Minimum insulation thickness = 7.6 mm

Td = 22.8C Ta = 30C
Tube diameter = 25.4 mm

Ts = 23.6C

>

Td = 22.8C

Thermal insulation material with a low value Condensation within the Insulation Material !

HVAC Ins. 39

3.2- Sufficient thermal insulation thickness

=% Is Yaltm Yaplmazsa 65

Ts = 23.6C Tm = 6C

Td = 22.8C Ta = 30C
R-Flex ST Tube diameter = 25.4 mm

kalnlk=9 mm
Minimum insulation thickness = 7.6 mm

Ts = 23.6C

>

Td = 22.8C

Thermal insulation material with a high value No Condensation ! (a diffusion tight application is a must !)

HVAC Ins. 40.1

Precautions against Condensation

To prevent condensation ; We should

1) choose the right thermal insulation material, 2) calculate the right insulation thickness, 3) have a sufficient value, 4) apply a diffusion tight application.

Precautions against Condensation

HVAC Ins. 40.2

To prevent condensation ; We should

1) choose the right thermal insulation material, 2) calculate the right insulation thickness, 3) have a sufficient value, 4) apply a diffusion tight application.

HVAC Ins. 40.3

Precautions against Condensation

To prevent condensation ; We should

1) choose the right thermal insulation material, 2) calculate the right insulation thickness, 3) have a sufficient value, 4) apply a diffusion tight application.

HVAC Ins. 40.4

Precautions against Condensation

To prevent condensation ; We should

1) choose the right thermal insulation material, 2) calculate the right insulation thickness, 3) have a sufficient value, 4) apply a diffusion tight application.

HVAC Ins. 41

Recommendation in HVAC Applications

Warm Lines Glass Wool Polyethylene FEF Heating Lines Glass Wool Stonewool FEF Cellular Glass Ceramic Wool

Cold Lines Glass Wool FEF

Cold Lines (Below 6C) Heating Lines (Above 100C)

GLASSWOOL
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GLASSWOOL
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Produced with the transformation of silica sand into fiber by melting in high temperature

Thermal insulation, acoustic insulation, fire safety purposes

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GLASSWOOL Production Plant

The Range of Product

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Board,

Blanket,

Prefabricated Pipe

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The Lamination Types of Glasswool

*YGT1-YGT2 yellow glasswool faced

*BGT1-BGT2 black glasswool faced

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The Lamination Types of Glasswool

* FS aluminium foil faced

*AGC alu glass faced

Quality Certificates
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EN 13162

Quality Certificates
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European Certificate

Technical Requirements
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1m HOT T1
(W/mK)

COLD T2

Thermal Conductivity Coefficient: 0,040 W/ mK

Water vapour Diffusion Resistance Coefficient() :1,1

Fire Classification: TS EN 13501-1 A1

Temperature range: -50C +250C

Density: 12-100 kg/m3

HVAC Insulation with Glasswool

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HVAC Blanket
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one side is covered with alu foil Density : 24 kg/m3 Usage area : Insulation of ventilation ducts from outside Insulation of air conditioning ducts from outside

HVAC Board
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one side is covered with alu foil Density : 50 kg/m3

Usage area : air ducts insulation boiler rooms and generator rooms

Radiator Panel
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Used as thermal insulator and reflector behind sources of heat such as radiators, stoves and ovens

Prefabricated Pipe
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none or alu foil covered Density : 60-100 kg/m3 Usage area : Radiator and central heating systems Solar energy systems

FEF- Elastomeric Rubber Foam

Thermal

56

Thermal

57

FEF- Product Range

Technical Requirements
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HOT T1 1m
(W/mK)

COLD T2

Thermal Conductivity Coefficient: 0,036 W/ mK (0C) Water vapour Diffusion Resistance Coefficient: 7000

Fire Classification: EN 13501 ( B-s3-d0) Temperature range: -200C +116C

Water Absorption: %0,4

4.3 Diffusion Tight Applications

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4.4 Diffusion Tight Applications

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Valves and Accessories Insulation

68

No command
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69

No command
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Solution : Valve Jackets

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Applications
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71

Applications
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72

Applications
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Applications
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HVAC Ins.

Thanks For Your Attention! Q&A