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Introduction to
Offshore Structures
Part I Hodjat Shiri
BSc Civil Eng., MSc Geotech Eng. , PhD (curnt.) Offshore Geotech.
Piled-Jacket
TLP
Semi-Sub
Oil Rocks
The worlds first offshore oil platform built near Baku in Soviet Union, 1949
The first oil platform in the world is the Oil Rocks (Neft Dalar), built near BAKU in Azerbaijan of Rusiia. Building on the platform began in 1949, with Tankers transporting Oil from the first Well to Baku in 1951. The Oil Rocks lies 4550 km (about 25 nm) offshore on the CASPIAN SEA. The most unique feature of the Oil Rocks is that it is actually a functional city with a population of about 5000. The Oil Rocks is a city on the sea, with over 200 km of streets built on piles of dirt and landfill. Most of the inhabitants work on shifts;
Installation sequence
The Maunsell Sea Forts were small fortified towers built in the Thames and Mersey estuaries during the second world war to help defend the United Kingdom. They take their name from their designer Guy Maunsell . They were decommissioned in the late 1950s and were used for other activities
Offshore Structures:
Fixed Structures [ Piled-Jackets, Jackup Rigs, GBS] Floating Structures [ Spar, TLP, FPSO, SemiSub,]
Water Depth
Shallow waters, D < (300~400 m) Intermediate Waters, (800~1000 m) > D > (300~400 m) Deep Waters, D > 1000 m
324 m
381 m
Eiffel, Paris,1889
Topside
Wellhead PLF
Production PLF
Flare
Jacket
JackUp Rig
Topside
Jacket
Platform Compartments
Pedestal Crane Flare HeliDeck Control Unit Top Deck Mezzanine Deck Cellar Deck Utilities
Construction Milestones
Engineering, Feasibility Study, Conceptual Design, FEED, Basic, Detailed, Shop, Field Procurement: heart of Job Fabrication, Steel Cutting, Fitting, Welding, Erection, Piping, E&I, Safety, Painting Pre-commissioning, mechanical, E&I, Safety, Load out & Sea-fastening, Yard Preparation, Barge preparation, Grillage
Installation, Barge Mooring, Ballasting, Load Transfer, Sea-fastening, Parking
Transportation, Pilot Transition, Towing, Field Entering, Positioning Installation, Barge Approach, Mooring, Sea-Fastening Cut, Lifting or Launching,
Stabbing, Welding
Pilotage
Load out
Offshore Installation
Heavy Lifting by Derrick Crane Barges Floatover by Launch Barges
Topside Lifting
Topside Floatover
Jacket lifting
Shearleg
OCS, "Requirements for Verifying the Structural Integrity of OCS Platforms"., United States Geologic Survey, National
Centre, Reston, Virginia, 1980.
DNV, "Rules for the Design, Construction and Inspection of Offshore Structures", Det Norske Veritas, Oslo, 1977 (with
corrections 1982).
NPD, "Regulation for Structural Design of Load-bearing Structures Intended for Exploitation of Petroleum Resources",
Norwegian Petroleum Directorate, 1985.
BS6235, "Code of Practice for Fixed Offshore Structures", British Standards Institution, London, 1982. DOE-OG, "Offshore Installation: Guidance on Design and Construction", U.K., Dept. of Energy, London 1985. Eurocode 1: "Basis of Design and Actions on Structures", CEN (in preparation).
Thank You