Data sheet

Automatically balanced combination valves AB-QM

Description

AB-QM valve is an automatic balancing valve - ow limiter. Typical applications are: Automatic (adjustable) ow limitation on terminal units (fan-coils, chilled ceilings, Air-handling units..) or branches. It is recommended to be used in constant ow systems.

AB-QM valve equipped with an actuator is a control valve with full authority and automatic balancing valve - ow limiter. Typical applications are: Temperature control and permanent automatic balancing on terminal units (fan-coils, chilled ceilings, Air-handling units..).

Benets The AB-QM is able to control the temperature at low loads and is equally stable all through the range. All changes in the available dierential pressure are corrected by the pressure controller. Therefore, less disturbances for temperature control and further less movements from actuator. AB-QM oers full exibility of adjustment AB-QM valves can be set to a precise design value they allow full control over the real conditions in the system. Due to the membrane design the valves are not susceptible to blockage. Always the right ow, so no complaints from endusers or excessive energy consumption Because the AB valve covers two functions Balancing & Control - the installment costs are halved Measuring nipples (optional) allow optimisation of the pumps energy consumption. 100% built in control valve authority allows lower pump head than traditional setup, thus minimizing energy consumption. Because of the automatic ow limiting function, commissioning costs are nonexistent. Easy adjustability allows late change of design ows without high costs.
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Plug and Play even when installation is not yet completely nished. For example when some oors are already occupied while construction is still going on at other oors, the occupied oors are already fully functional and balanced.

Simplications Flow limitation is achieved by setting the valve to required ow - Set & Forget. Flow is the only parameter to be considered, so easy and fast valve selection. Maximal setting of AB-QM corresponds with the maximal owspeed through that pipe dimension according to international standards. Easy troubleshooting No control ratio calculation No authority calculation Commissioning is a matter of adjusting the valve without using specialised equipment or highly educated sta. Compact design allows instalment where only limited space is available, for example in standalone fan-coils.

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Data sheet

Automatically balanced combination valves AB

Applications - variable ow systems

Air handling unit (AHU) / fan coil (FCU)

An AB-QM with an actuator can be used as a combined ow limiter and control valve with full authority for an AHU (Air Handling Unit). The AB-QM ensures the required ow on every AHU and simplies the hydronic balancing of the system. Because of the integrated dierential pressure controller the control valve always has 100% authority which means that partial load in the system has no inuence on temperature regulation as it will have with normal control valves. By installing AB-QM the whole system is divided in independent control loop zones

not inuencing each other. The ow setting is very simple. Just set the required ow for the AHU direct at the AB-QM. There is no special method needed for balancing the whole systems. This means a lot of savings in working hours. Not to forget the combination of several functions in one valve body means less valves and installation work. For temperature control AB-QM can be equipped with dierent actuators (on/o, 3-point, 0 -10Volt) as required.

Chilled ceiling

AB-QM in systems with chilled ceilings are used to achieve the required ow in the system and to control the temperature. An AB-QM is installed at every chilled ceiling limiting the ow. The integrated control valve is used for temperature control by mounting an actuator. Dierent types of actuators can be used.

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Data sheet
Applications - constant ow systems

Automatically balanced combination valves AB

AB-QM can be used as an automatic ow controller if a system with an AHU/fan coil is run with constant ow (system with 3-way valve). There is no special balancing method needed. The ow can be set directly at the AB-QM.

Alternatively the system can be changed into a system with variable ow because AB-QM is also able to work as a control valve with full authority which means no problems with partial load.

In a one pipe heating system the AB-QM can be installed as an automatic ow controller in every riser. The AB-QM limits the ow to the set value, thus automatically achieving hydronic balance in the system.
There are numerous applications in which AB-QM can be used. In principle every time you need an automatic ow controller or a control valve with full authority it can be used. For example systems with heating/cooling with concrete core activation or small substations.

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Data sheet
Ordering

Automatically balanced combination valves AB

AB-QM
AB-QM DN 10 LF 10 15 LF 15 20 25 32 Qmax. (l/h) 150 275 275 450 900 1700 3200 External thread GA GA G1A G 1 A G 1 A Code No. 003Z0251 003Z0201 003Z0252 003Z0202 003Z0203 003Z0204 003Z0205 AB-QM External thread GA GA G1A G 1 A G 1 A Code No. 003Z0261 003Z0211 003Z0262 003Z0212 003Z0213 003Z0214 003Z0215

AB-QM can not be upgraded to AB-QM with nipples!

Set-pack (one MSV-M and one AB-QM without nipples)

Type DN 10 15 20
* Includes MSV-M DN15 with external thread G A

Qmax. (l/h) 275 450 900 1700 3200

External thread ISO 228/1 GA GA G1A G 1 A G 1 A

Code No. 003Z0241* 003Z0242 003Z0243 003Z0244 003Z0245

25 32

Accessories & spare parts

Type Union connection (1 pcs.) Comments To pipe R 3/8 R 1/2 R 3/4 R1 R 1 1/4 Tailpiece welding (1 pcs.) Weld. Weld. Weld. Weld. Tailpieces for soldering (2 nuts, 2 gaskets, 2 soldering nipples Locking ring Shut-o & protection piece (max. closing pressure 16 bar) Shut-o - plastic (max. closing pressure 1 bar) 12x1 mm 15x1 mm To valve DN 10 DN 15 DN 20 DN 25 DN 32 DN 15 DN 20 DN 25 DN 32 DN 10 DN 15 Code No. 003Z0231 003Z0232 003Z0233 003Z0234 003Z0235 003Z0226 003Z0227 003Z0228 003Z0229 065Z7016 065Z7017 003Z0236 003Z0230 003Z0240

Combinations AB-QM with electrical actuators

Valve type Stroke (mm) TWA-Z** ABNM-Z AMV 130/AME 01 Recommended ordering code numbers (for details refer to data sheets for these actuators) 082F1226 NC, 230 V 082F1094 Thermal actuator 24 V (0 - 10 V) 082F1072 Adapter for AB-QM (M30 x 1.5) AB-QM DN 10 - 20 AB-QM DN 25 - 32 2.25 4.50 * * 082H8036 AMV 130/24 V,24 s/mm, 3-point control 082H8003 AME 01/24 V,24 s/mm, 0 - 10 V

Closing point (measure)

10.4 0.3

* up to 60 % of Q max ** Please be aware that only this type of TWA actuator is to be used with AB-QM

Closing pressure for all actuators: 6 bar.

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Data sheet
Technical data

Automatically balanced combination valves AB

Nominal diameter Ranges Qmin (20%) Qmax (100%) PN DN l/h 10 Low Flow 30 150 10 55 275 15 Low Flow 55 275 15 90 450 20 180 900 25 340 1700 32 640 3200

Di. pressure (p - p) Pressure stage Control range Control valves characteristic Leakage acc. to standard IEC 534 Flow medium Medium temperature Stroke Connection Material actuator In the water C mm external thread (ISO 228/1) G

0.16 - 4.0 bar; (16 - 400 kPa) 16 > 1:50 Linear max.0.01 % of k v at 250 N

0.2 - 4.0 bar

Water and water mixtures with secondary coolants (like glycols)* for closed heating and cooling systems -10 ... +120 2.25 G G G G 1 G 1 M30 x 1.5 Valve bodies Membranes and O - rings Springs Cone (Pc) Seat (Pc) Cone (Cv) Seat (Cv) Screw Flat gasket Sealing agent
Brass (CuZn40Pb2 - CW 617N) EPDM W.Nr. 1.4568,W.Nr. 1.4310 W.Nr. 1.4305 EPDM CuZn40Pb3 - CW 614N CuZn40Pb2 - CW 617N Stainless Steel (A2) NBR Dimethacrylate Ester

4.5 G 1

(only for valves with measuring nipples)

Out of the water

Plastic parts Insert parts and outer screws

POM CuZn39Pb3 - CW 614N; W.Nr. 1.4310; W.Nr. 1.4401

* according suitability and usage especially in not oxygen tight systems please mind the instructions given by the coolant producer

Operation principle

The AB-QM is a control valve combined with a dierential pressure controller. The dierential pressure controller maintains a constant pressure over the control valve independent of varying conditions in the installation. Because of this construction the ow is automatically limited to a specied value and the control valve has an authority of 100%. Flow limitation If you have a constant dierential pressure across an orice with a known resistance (kv value) you can determine the ow with the formula:
Q kv p

STROKE
100% 80%

50%

Q=kv[%]* P2

P3

Because the AB-QM limits the dierential pressure (p) across the control valve to a constant level it follows that the ow through the AB-QM is also limited.To function properly the AB-QM needs a pressure dierence of at least 16 kPa. By limiting the stroke of the control valve, the maximal ow through the valve can be adjusted. If the kv-value of the control valve is halved, the ow is also halved. Because the AB-QM has a nearly linear chracteristic to have half the ow you need half the stroke (see gure 1).

50%

80% 100%

Q,Kv

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Data sheet
Operation principle (continued)

Automatically balanced combination valves AB

Authority The valve authority can be dened as: The resistance across the fully opened control valve, divided by the total resistance in the system (valve, pipes, heat exchanger etc.). As an example we take two valves in a normal HVAC system, one close to the pump (position 1) and the most distant valve (position 2). Both valves have the same dierential pressure potential (the pump head) but the pressure drops between: - Control valve (abrivated as CV), - balancing valve (abrivated as BV) and - other elements (abrivated as OT; such as pipe, terminal units ect.) are distributed dierently. With the valve closer to the pump the pressure drop in the pipes (OT) is much smaller. The dierential pressure controller (BV) ensures however that the working conditions for both control valves (CV) are the same. If we look at a situation where we need only 20% , can see that the pressure drop in the pipes (OT) becomes smaller when the ow is decreasing.This eect is much bigger for the distant valve because the pressure drop in the pipes (OT) is bigger to begin with. The dierential pressure controller (BV) compensates for the dierence and ensures identical working conditions for both control valves across the total range. If you compare that with a situation with traditional balancing valves you can see that, because the balancing valve is static and doesnt react to the system conditions, the pressure drop across the control valve increases signicantly which puts the control valve (CV) to a challenge to provide comfort and stable temperature control.

Rvalve Rvalve Rsystem

Usually the authority should be 0,3 (30%) as high as possible to guarantee sucient control quality. The resistance in the sytem is variable because it depends on the ow. If the ow is reduced, the resistance in the system also drops. Normally the control valve would have to compensate for this by closing even further, thus causing a distortion in the valve characteristic. Because the AB-QM has a built in dierential pressure controller that keeps the dierential pressure across the control valve constant, the eect of this decrease is compensated. It is therefore possible to assume that Rsystem is zero. The formula then becomes:
A Rvalve 1 100% Rvalve

The AB-QM therefore always automatically ensures 100% authority which provides stable control and therefore increase confort and saves time consuming calculations to check the valve authority.

position 2

P
CV

P
CV BV

BV

position 1
OT

OT

Q
P
position 2

position 1
CV

position 2
CV BV

position 1
CV

CV BV

BV

BV
OT
OT

OT
20% of design ow Design ow

20% of design ow

Design ow

OT
20% of design ow

Design ow

20% of design ow

Design ow

pressure drop in a system with AB-QM

CV

CV BV

pressure drop in a system with traditional valve set (manual balancing valve + control valve)

BV
OT

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OT

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Data sheet
Design

Automatically balanced combination valves AB

5 6

2 3 4

7 8

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Stung box Spindle Plastic ring Control valves cone Membrane Main spring Hollow cone (pressure controller) 8. Vulcanized seat (pressure controller)

P1

P2

P3

P2-P3

P1-P3
Function: The AB-QM valve consists of two parts: 1. Dierential pressure controller 2. Control valve

1. Dierential pressure controller BV The dierential pressure controller maintains a constant dierential pressure across the control valve.The pressure dierence (p2-p3) on the membrane is balanced with the force of the spring. Whenever the dierential pressure across the control valve changes (due to a change in available pressure, or movement of the control valve) the hollow cone is displaced to a new position which brings a new equilibrium and therefore keeps the dierential pressure at a constant level.

2. Control valve CV The control valve has a linear characteristic. It features a stroke limitation function that allows adjustment of the Kv value. The percentage marked on the scale equals the percentage of 100% ow marked on the pointer. Changing the stroke limitation is done by lifting the blocking mechanism and turning the top of the valve to the desired position, showed on the scale as a percentage. A blocking mechanism automatically prevents unwanted changing of the setting.

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Data sheet
Sizing

Automatically balanced combination valves AB

Example 1: Variable ow system Given: Cool requirement per unit : 1000 W Flow temperature in the system: 6 C Return temperature in the system:12 C Required - control and balancing valves: AB-QM and actuators type for BMS system. Solution: Flow in the system: Q (l/h) Q = 0,86 x 1000 / ( 12-6 ) = 143 l/h Selected: AB-QM DN 10 mm with Qmax = 275 l/h presetting on 143 / 275 = 0,52 = 52 % of maximum opening. Actuators: AMV 01 - 24 V Remarks: required minimum dierential pressure across the AB-QM DN 10 - 16 kPa. Example 2: Constant ow system Given: Cool requirement per unit : 4000 W Flow temperature in the system : 6 C Return temperature in the system : 12 C Required - automatic ow limiter: AB-QM and presetting. Solution: Flow in the system : Q (l/h) Q = 0,86 x 4000 / ( 12-6 ) = 573 l/h Selected: AB-QM DN 20 mm with Qmax = 900 l/h presetting on 573 / 900 = 0,64 = 64 % of maximum opening. Remarks: required minimum dierential pressure across the AB-QM DN 20 - 16 kPa.
Example 3: Sizing AB-QM according pipe dimension Given: Flow in system 1, 4 m3/h (1400 l/h = 0,38l/s), pipe dimension DN 25 mm Required - automatic ow limiter: AB-QM and presetting. Solution: In this case we can selected AB-QM DN 25 mm with Qmax = 1700 l/h In this case it will be recommended to check the maximum velocity in the pipe. For this we calculate velocity in the pipe for condition: DN 25 mm Di 27,2 mm Dimension and condition acceptable, veloscity below 1,0 m/s. Preseting on the valve AB-QM DN 25 mm 1400 / 1700 = 0,82 = 82 % of maximum opening. Remarks: required minimum dierential pressure across the AB-QM DN 25 - 16 kPa.

Q[l/h]
3500

3200
3000

2500

2000

1700
1500

1000

900

500

450 275

640 340 180

150
0 90 55 30 DN10LF DN10 DN15 DN20 DN15LF

DN25

DN32

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Data sheet
Pump optimising / Trouble shooting

Automatically balanced combination valves AB

Blue Red P2-P3

Pump optimization Q=const. Q=const.

Q
P2-P3 P3

P1

P2

P2-P3 P1-P3

16kPa (20kPa)

400kP a

P1-P3

The AB-QM features measuring nipples that allow measuring of the pressure dierence (p2-p3) across the control valve. If the pressure dierence exceeds certain value (7-14 kPa) it means the dierential pressure controller is operational and the ow limitation is achieved. The measuring function can be used to verify if enough pressure dierence is available and thus verify the ow.

It can also be used to optimize the pump head. The pump head can be decreased until no more than the minimal required pressure (7-14 kPa) is available on the most distant valve (in terms of hydronic). This optimal point is to be found when proportionality between pump head and measured dierential pressure cease to exist. Verifying the pressure can be done by using a Danfoss PFM 3000 for example (for more details please refer to AB-QM Tech Notes VN.A3.N1.02).

Presetting

Red

The presetting scale indicates a values from 100% ow to 0% closed. Counter clock wise turning would increase the ow value while clock wise would decrease it. When valve is set to 80% or more the red ring (below DN max ow sign) becomes visible. If the valve is a DN 15 then the max ow = 450 l/h =100% presetting. To set a ow of 270 l/h you have to set: 270/450 = 60%. Danfoss recomends a presetting/ow from 20% to 100%. Factory presetting is 100%.

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0 90

100 2 0 0

0 90

100 2 0 0

The calculated ow can be adjusted easily without using special tools. To change the presetting: - Remove the blue protective cap or the mounted actuator. - Raise the grey plastic ring and turn to the new presetting. - Release the white plastic ring and the presetting is locked.

100%
50
60

10%
50
60
70

40

40

30

(%

(%

30

0 70

80

80

Data sheet
Service

Automatically balanced combination valves AB

The valve features a service function that allows changing of the stung box (code 065F0006) under water pressure. Valves are equipped with plastic shut-o mechanism that is to be used for isolating function up to 1 bar dierential pressure. When closing against higher dierential pressure please use accessory - shut-o & protection piece (003Z0230) or set the value to 0%. Unwanted change of the setting is provided by locking ring (code 003Z0236) which is inserted in the groove below the scale. The locking ring would not allow one to lift the grey plastic ring thus no change of the setting is possible.

Installing

AB-QM valve is mono-directional meaning that the valve operates when arrow on the valve body is aligned with ow direction. When this rule is disobeyed the valve acts like variable orice that cause water hammer at sudden closing when available pressure has increased or valve have been set to lower value. In case when system condition allows backows it is strongly recommended to use backow preventer in order to avoid possible water hammer that can damage the valve as well as other elements in the system.

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Data sheet
Dimensions

Automatically balanced combination valves AB

TWA-Z

AMV / AME

Type AB-QM DN 10 AB-QM DN 15 AB-QM DN 20 AB-QM DN 25 AB-QM DN 32

L1 mm 53 65 82 104 130

L2 mm 36 45 56 71 90

L3 mm 79 79 79 79 79

H1 mm 20 25 33 42 50

H2 mm 73 75 77 88 102

H3 mm 105 110 115 130 145

H4 mm 140 145 150 165 180

b ISO 228/1 GA G A G1A G 1 A G 1 A

Weight kg 0.38 0.48 0.65 1.45 2.21

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Data sheet

Automatically balanced combination valves AB

Danfoss A/S
Comfort Division
Hrupvnget 11 Hrup DK-8600 Silkeborg Denmark Tel.: +45 74 88 80 00 Fax: +45 74 88 81 00 http://www.hydronicbalancing.com 12 VD.A2.W6.02 Danfoss 10/2006

Danfoss Trata d.o.o.

Joeta Jame 16, P.O.B. 4820 1210 Ljubljana - entvid Slovenia Tel.: +386 1/58 20 200 Fax: + 386 1/51 99 824

http://www.danfoss-trata.si
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