INDUSTRY-ACADEMIA WORKSHOP On Upstream Petroleum Technology 30th May-1st June,2011

WELL PROGNOSIS PLANNING & MONITORING OF A DRILLING WELL

Nababrot Gogoi Dy. Suptdg. Geologist Geology & Reservoir Dept

EXPLN & DEV

E&P CYCLE

Spudding

Rig-up & Installation of all Rig Equipments, Infrastructure

Drilling & Casing of Conductor hole (17.1/2) Drilling & Casing of Intermediate hole; Intermediate OH Logging (12.1/4)

Initial tests, Perforation, Unloading by NPU / CTU /Gaslifts

Cased Hole Logging (CBL_VDL_USIT)

Drilling of Oil string/Production hole; Convetional Coring (8.1/2)

Well Completion (Casing setting, Cementation)

Open Hole Logging (Resistivity, Density-neutron, Sonic, MDT, Open Hole DST, SWC)

Drilling Flow Chart

Released Locations

Exploratory

Appraisal

Development

Generally first well on a new structure/ new fault closure to probe HC prospects in different geological formations.

Wells drilled on a discovered structure for ascertaining reservoir limit, OWC/GWC, HC vol

Wells drilled for production purpose from a known reservoir and limited up production potential as per FDP.

LOCATIONS

WHY WE DRILL A WELL?

BOTTOMHOLE BEHAVIOUR

Depth Data & Drilling Policy

GEOLOGICAL INFORMATIONS (STRUCTURE, PROSPECT, SUBSURFACE POSITION, POSSIBLE FORMATION TOPS) CASING POLICIES (SIZE, SETTING DEPTH, TYPE, CEMENTATION) MUD POLICIES (PARAMETERS, COMPOSITIONS etc.)

DEVIATIONS {PROPOSED PLAN (BUILD-UP/HOLDING/DROPPING)}

INFORMATION OF POREPRESSURE / FOMATION PRESSURE FROM NEIGHBOURING WELLS EXPECTED SUBSURFACE DRILLING COMPLICATIONS (LOSS ZONE, STUCK PIPE , TIGHT SPOTS)

SAMPLE COLLECTIONS , GAS LOGGING, CONVENTIONAL CORING

WIRELINE SERVICES

WELL COMPLETION AND PRODUCTION TESTING

WELL PROGNOSIS (DDDP / GTO)

BASEMAP

SURFACE LOCATION MAP DISTANCE & BEARINGS W.R.TO NEIGHBOURING WELLS/STRUCTUERES

ISOPAY MAP

STRUCTURAL MAP

-STRUCTURAL CONFIGURATION
-CLOSURE (4 WAY/ FAULT)

-PROSPECT AREA
-FLUID MARGINS

Geological Information

GEOLOGICAL SECTION

LITHOLOGY

FORMATION
Alluvium + Dhekiajuli

Namsang Girujan

Tipam+Surma

Barail

Kopili

-PROSPECT LEVEL -UPDIP/DOWNDIP W.R.TO NEIGHBOURING WELLS -PRESSURE-PRODUCTION BEHAVIOUR OF NEIGHBOURING WELLS -LITHOCOLUMN INDICATING EXPECTED FORMATION TOPS (BASED ON SEISMIC DATA & NEIGHBOURING WELLS)
Prang Narpuh Lakadong + Therria

Langpar
Basement

Geological Information

CASING IS LOWERED & SET TO :

PROTECT & MAINTAIN THE HOLE FACILITATE FLOW OF OIL/GAS FOR LONG PERIODS OF TIME

CASING POLICY

FACTORS TO CONSIDER FOR CASING DESIGN:

Total depth of well Pore pressure, fracture gradients, geothermal gradient

Presence of shallow gas pockets / Boulder, Pebble bed

Critical zones

Depth of potential prospect zones

Time limits on open hole drilling Casing program compatibility with existing wellhead systems

Casing program compatibility with planned completion programme on

production wells Casing availability: size, grade and weight Economics drilling time, casing lowering time, cost of materials & other equipments

Casing Policy

Vertical Well S-Bend Well

J-Bend

Horizontal Well

WELL PROFILE

17.1/2 (13.3/8)

Alluvium/ Namsang

26 (20)

All/Nam

36 (30) 26 (20)

12.1/4 (9.5/8)

17.1/2 (13.3/8)

Girujan

Girujan

12.1/4 (9.5/8)

17.1/2 (13.3/8) Barail/Kopili

12.1/4 (9.5/8) 8.1/2 (5.1/2) 8.1/2 (5.1/2)

Lk+Th/Langpar/ 8.1/2 (5.1/2)

Lk+Th/Langpar

Basement

TD: < 4000 m

TD: > 4000 m

TD: > 5000 m

CASING DESIGN: VERTICAL & DEVIATED WELLS

HORIZONTAL WELL
17.1/2 (13.3/8)

Alluvium/ Namsang

1000-1500 m
12.1/4 (9.5/8)

Girujan

400 m

8.1/2 (7 Liiner)

Prospect
6 (4.1/2 Slotted LIiner

CASING POLICY

Drilling Fluid Policy

DRILLING FLUID

ITS A SYSTEM TO PROVIDE A SUITABLE MEDIUM FOR CARRYING OUT EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT DRILLING OPERATIONS AND TO IMPART BOREHOLE STABILITY

FUNCTIONS OF DRILLING FLUID:

PROTECT HOLE FROM COLLAPSE CUTTINGS REMOVAL FROM THE BIT TO THE SURFACE

CONTROL FORMATION PRESSURE COOLING AND LUBRICATION AID IN FORMATION EVALUATION

DRILLING FLUID

FUNCTIONS OF DRILLING FLUID:

HOLD

CUTTINGS

AND

WEIGHT

MATERIALS

IN

SUSPENSIONS,

WHEN

CIRCUALTION STOPPED

SUPPORTING A PART OF THE WEIGHT OF DRILL PIPE AND CASING (i.e. BOUYANCY)
IN TRANSMITTING HYDRAULIC HORSEPOWER TO THE BIT ACTING AS MEDIUM FOR WIRELINE LOGGING

ENSURING MAXIMUM INFORMATION ABOUT THE FORMATIONS PENETRATED

ACTING AS A MEDIUM FOR HORIZONTAL DRILLING SIGNAL IN PULSES

DRILLING FLUID

TYPES OF DRILLING FLUID

OIL BASE

PNEUMATICS

WATER BASE

OIL BASE MUD (OBM): Oil the continuous phase with other chemicals WATER BASE MUD (WBM): Water the continuous phase with Bentonite

PNEUMATICS: Used predominantly air or gas as the circulating medium

PROPERTIES OF DRILLING FLUID Weight, Temperature, Funnel viscosity, Plastic viscosity, Yield point, Gel
strengths, Water losses, Filter cake, Sand content, Solids content, Oil content, Calcium content, Salinity

DRILLING FLUID

DEVIATION POLICY

DEVIATION

CRITERIA FOR DEVIATED WELLS LOGISTICS, LAND ACQUISITION, CLUSTER PLINTH

DEVIATION METHODS

SS READING, MWD READING

DEVIATION CALIBRATION METHODS

AVERAGE ANGLE METHOD

RADIUS OF CURVATURE METHOD

MINIMUM CURVATURE METHOD

TANGENTIAL METHOD BALANCED TANGENTIAL METHOD

DEVIATION

 WELLBORE STABILITY & FLUID LOSS/KICK PORE PRESSURE ANALYSIS

STUCK PIPE EVENTS/ DRILLING EVENTS

LOSS CIRCULATION, PIPE STUCK AND OTHER EVENTS

GTO (Geo Technical Order)

Its a glimps:
GEOLOGICAL DATA
PORE PRESSURE
PREDICTION

FORMATIONS DEPTHS vs DAYS

WELLHEAD DATA
CASING SEAT MUD DATA etc.

GEO TECHNICAL ORDER

SELECTION, COLLECTION, PREPARATION, EXAMINATION, DESCRIPTION OF DRILL-CUTTINGS, SIDE WALL CORE AND CONVENTIONAL CORE SAMPLES

LITHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION: COLOUR, HARDNESS, FRAMEWORK GRAIN IDENTIFICATION, MATRIX, GRAIN

SIZE, SORTING, ANGULARITY

HYDROCARBON INDICATION:
GAS DETECTION: GAS CHART INTERPETATION (ZERO GAS, BACKGROUND GAS,

TRIP GAS, GAS SHOWS, CONNECTION GAS, RECYCLE GAS

OIL SHOWS: ODOR, STAIN, BLEEDING, COLOUR (Dark brown to Pale), FLUORESCENCE (Dark brown, Golden yellow, Light yellow, Bluish)

RECORDING OF GAS READING & GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY

PREPARE & MAINTAIN FLUSH SAMPLE LOGS/ CUTTINGS LOGS/ MASTER LOGS CORRELATE WITH NEIGHBOURING WELLS
SAMPLE COLLECTION, GAS LOGGING, CONVENTIONAL CORING

Typical Flush Sample/Cuttings Log/ Master Log

ITS A PICTORIAL PRESENTATION OF DIRECT OBSRVATIONS OF LITHOLOGY FLUSHED OUT FROM BOTTOM HOLE & ITS FLUORESCENCE ALONG WITH GAS READING, ROP, HYDRULICS, DRILLING EVENTS W.R.TO DEPTH

THE FIRST INFORMATION OF SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY

FLUSH SAMPLE LOG

GEOPREMIUM SOFTWARE

MASTER LOG COMPOSITE LOG DRILLING DYNAMIC LOG

ROP, GAS READING, BIT INFORMATIONS, LITHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION, FLUORESCENCE etc. ONLINE MONITORING OF DRILLING, GEOLOGICAL &

MUD PARAMETERS IN MLU

FLUSH SAMPLE LOG

WIRELINE LOGS
OPEN HOLE
Resistivity Logs Density-Porosity Logs GR, GR Spectrometry Sonic Tools

CASED HOLE

GR-CCL
GR-NEUTRON-CCL VSP CBL-VDL USIT / CAST-V TTP / HSC BP, RP, TTBP

Vertical Seismic Profiling (VSP)

Dipmeter, Inclinometer (Strike, Dip)

Borehole Imaging Tool (XRMI / FMI)

Caliper

Wireline Testing & Sampling (MDT/

RDT) Neutron Tools NMR /MRIL Tool Pusher Logging

RMT / RST
WFL

PLT

WIRELINE LOGS

RECOMMENDING CORING By Wireline (CST) During Drilling

SideWall Core
Petrology & Mineralogical study, Permeability

Conventional Core
(Vertical, Lateral), Capillary

Sedimentological Study (Grain size, Shape,

Sorting), Petrographic Study (Thin Section, XRD, SEM), Biostratigraphic Playnology), Geochemistry, Study Rock Reservoir

Study, Sedimentary Structures, Environment of Deposition including all studies as in SWC/CST

(Palaoentology, Mechanics,

Characteristics (porosity, Permeability, oil saturation, Oil content, Water content)

RESPONSIBILITY

ELAN Interpretation Open Hole Composite

Why we need CBL-VDL-USIT logs?

CBL_VDL

PERFORATIONS:
3893.0

Selection of
Perforation Range Gun type, Perforation Density SPF), Phasing,

3900.0 3901.0

3919.0 3920.5

Total Depth Of Penetration

3941.0

Fluid uncertain:

Perforation:

SWC, Perforation

ROLE OF OPERATION GEOLOGIST

EXAMINATION OF DRILLCUTTINGS IN HAND SPECIMEN & UNDER MICROSCOPE FOR IDENTIFICATION & DESCRIPTION OF LITHOLOGY

IDENTIFICCATION OF HC BEARING ZONES BY EXAMINING SAMPLES UNDER

FLUOROSCOPE FOR FLUORESCENCE ( YELLOW, YELLOWISH WHITE etc. INDICATE OIL / BLUISH WHITE INDICATE GAS / NO FLURORESCENCE

INDICATE WATER ) CORRELATION & SECTION PREPARATION

GEOLOGISTS RESPONSIBILTY

ROLE OF OPERATION GEOLOGIST

OIL STRING CASING POLICY (SHOE, FLOAT COLLAR, SHORT JOINTS, CENTRALISER, SCRATCHERS)

OIL STRING CEMENTATION POLICY (OVERGAUGE, TRUE GAUGE, UNDERGAUGE,

VOLUME OF CEMENT REQUIRED, CEMENT TOP etc.) INITIAL TESTING POLICY (ZONE TO BE TESTED, PRODUCTION STRING, PACKER, GLVs etc.) BULLET PERFORATION NOTIFICATION (BPN)- DETAILS ON PERFORATIONS GUN TYPE,

SPF, CHARGES etc.

GEOLOGISTS RESPONSIBILTY

GEOLOGICAL CROSS SECTION

GEOLOGICAL CORRELATION

GEOLOGISTS PLAYS PIVOTAL ROLE DURING

DRILLING OF A WELL, FROM SPUDDING TILL INITIAL

TESTING / RIG DOWN.

ALL MAJOR DECISIONS ARE TAKEN BY G&R DEPT.

DRILLING OPERATION ACTIVITIES ARE AN INTEGRATED

TEAM EFFORT INCLUDING G&R, DRILLING, CHEMICAL, PRDUCTION DEPTS

CONCLUSIONS

Perforation:

THANK YOU

Sunset in Libya @ nababrot gogoi

Perforation: