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Gabriel Popescu University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Beckman Institute Quantitative Light Imaging Laboratory http://light.ece.uiuc.edu
Principles of Optical Imaging Electrical and Computer Engineering, UIUC
i (r , t ) E (r , t ) = A(r , t ).e
(1.1)
Chapter 1: Introduction
= wave vector) 2 | k |=
( )
E1
E2
Malus Law:
Chapter 1: Introduction
E1 = E2 .cos
(1.2)
demo available 4
Chapter 1: Introduction
t A(x)
Stabilized laser
x Arbitrary field
Chapter 1: Introduction
x Plane Wave
demo available 6
[] = rad
(t)
o
t Laser at freq o =t (z) t
Random field
Chapter 1: Introduction
= t k r
2 2 2 k= = = = = wave number c c Tc
(1.3)
Chapter 1: Introduction
E ( ) = A( )e
i ( )
(1.4)
E ( ) = A( )e
i ( )
(1.5)
Chapter 1: Introduction
Tipically: t Will follow similar equations x The information contained is the same (t, ) and (x, )
Chapter 1: Introduction 10
Spatial Frequency () ~
2
Chapter 1: Introduction
11
(1.6)
h = Ee + W
(Einstein)
Work
(1.7)
Chapter 1: Introduction
demo available
13
Chapter 1: Introduction
14
E= p= k
Chapter 1: Introduction
15
t = constant t 2
Implications: 1- short pulses require broad spectrum 2-high spectral resolutioon requires long time of measurement
Chapter 1: Introduction
16
ki
ks
p = h(ks ki ) = hq
;
x q
Chapter 1: Introduction
17
diffraction
Smaller aperture
Higher angle
We will encounter these relationships many times later Fourier seems to have understood this uncertainity principle way before Heisenberg!
Chapter 1: Introduction
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