Power Electronic System Design I Winter 2010

Steven Trigno, Satya Nimmala, Romeen Rao

Buck-Boost Converter Analysis

iL

Vc

R C
iC

+
Vg PWM

Figure 1-Buck-boost circuit schematic implemented with practical switch

When the transistor is turned ON, the diode is reverse-biased; therefore, not conducting (turned OFF) and the circuit schematic looks like as follows: 0 < t < DTs
Transistor ON, Diode OFF

VL Vc L
iC

R C _

+
Vg ig iL

Figure 2-Schematic of buck-boost converter when the switch is ON

VL(t) = Vg iL.RON Vg iL.RON iC(t) = -v(t) / R ig(t) = iL(t) IL

When the transistor is OFF, the Diode is turned ON (DTs < t < Ts). The circuit is shown in fig 3:

Transistor OFF, Diode ON

VL Vc L
iC

R C _

+
Vg ig iL

Figure 3 Schematic Buck-boost converter when the switch is OFF

VL(t) = -v(t) -V Ic(t) = () Ig(t) = 0

()

volt.second balance:

<VL(t)> = 0 = D(Vg - IL.RON) + D(-V)

charge balance:

<ic(t)> = 0 = D(-V/R) + D(IL V/R)

Average input current:

<ig> = Ig = D(IL) + D(0)

Next, we construct the equivalent circuit for each loop equation: Inductor loop equation:

DVg - IL.DRon DV = <VL> = 0

IL DRon DVg + _ + _ DV

Capacitor node equation:

= < > = 0
+

DIL

V _

Input current (node) equation: Ig = D.IL

_ Vg +
Ig DIL

Then we draw the circuit models together as shown below:

IL Ig DRon

_ Vg +

+
DIL

+ _

DVg

DV

+ _

DIL

1:D transformer reversed polarity marks

D:1 transformer

Model including ideal dc transformers:

IL 1:D Ig

DRon D:1

_ Vg +

+
R V

= + () ()

And for the efficiency ():

+ + ( )

IL =

Ploss = .

Discontinuous Conduction Mode in Buck-Boost Converter

iL _ Vg

+
L PWM

V + C

Figure 4-Buck-boost converter

During D1Ts:

iL _ Vg

+
L

V + C

Figure 5-Transistor ON, Diode OFF

VL = Vg

During D2Ts:

iL _ Vg VL

+
L

V + C

Figure 6 - Transistor OFF, Diode ON

VL = -V During D3Ts:

iL _ Vg VL

+
L

V + C

Figure 7 - Transistor OFF, Diode OFF

VL = 0 Boundary between modes: CCM:

= =

(i = peak ripple in L) (V = peak ripple in C)

IL =

(average inductor current)

Boundary:

> <

>

=
( )

in CCM

>

> ()

Buck Boost Convertor DTS

KVL -Vg + VL = 0 VL = Vg KCL -VL + V = 0 VL = V

DTS

ic =

V VR

V ic = iL V

Inductor volt sec balance: < VL > = DVg + D V = 0 D V = -DVg V D = Vg 1D Capacitor Charge Balance: < ic > = D

V V VR + D i VR V V VR + D i L D V R V V VR D VR

= D

= D iL D = D iL = D iL

V (D VR + D) V VR = 0 1 V R

iL =

1D

State Space Analysis

DTs: Apply KVL to fig.1. + =0

= Apply KCL to fig.1. + =0

0 = 1 1

+ 0

(1)

= 1 + 1

(2)

By comparing the equations (1) and (2) we get values of 1 and 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 = 0

1 =

DTs: Apply KVL to fig.2. + = 0 = Apply KCL to fig.2. + + =0

0 = 1

0 + (3) 0 (4)

= 1 + 1

By comparing the equations (3) and (4) we get values of 2 and 2 2 = 0

1 1

2 =

0 0

= 1 + 2 0 1

= 1 + 2 = 0 = - = 0 1 1 0

2 = = = 2

Calculating inductor current ripple and capacitor voltage ripple:

We know that the following formula for calculating the ripple values = (1 + 1) = = 2 Inductor current ripple is = Capacitor voltage ripple is 2 =