Multimedia University College University Examinations: First Semester, Second year October, 2012 EMG 2208 MECHANICS OF MACHINES

Instructions to Candidates: Answer question ONE and any other TWO Questions
Q1. a) Write short notes on the following: i) Kinematic link, ii) Kinematic chain, iii) Inversion, iv) Chain drive, v) Difference between a machine and a structure. vi) Aronhold Kennedys Theorem of three instantaneous centres (11 marks) b) Explain briefly the differences between simple and compound gear trains. (4 marks) c) (i) State what you understand by degrees of freedom of a mechanism. (1 mark) (ii) Describe the criterion used to determine the degrees of freedom of such a mechanism and use it to determine the mobility of the mechanisms shown in Figures (a), (b) and (c) then classify them.

(a)

(b)

(c) (5 marks)

(iii) What is the difference between Grublers criterion and Kutzbach equation for Plane Mechanisms. (2 marks) d) In a crank and slotted lever quick return motion mechanism, the distance between the fixed centres is 240 mm and the length of the driving crank is 120 mm. Find the inclination of the slotted bar with the vertical in the extreme position and the time ratio of cutting stroke to the return stroke. If the length of the slotted bar is 450 mm, find the length of the stroke if the line of stroke passes through the extreme positions of the free end of the lever. (7 marks) Q2. a) Explain briefly the differences between epicyclic gear trains and other gear trains. What are the special advantages of epicyclic gear trains? [5 marks] b) What are the various types of the torques in an epicyclic gear train? How are they derived? [5 marks] c) An epicyclic gear train for an electric motor is shown in Fig. Q2. The wheel S has 15 teeth and is fixed to the motor shaft rotating at 1450 rpm. The planet P has 45 teeth, gears with fixed annulus A and rotates on a spindle carried by an arm which is fixed to the output shaft. The planet P is also gearing with the sun wheel S. Find the speed of the output shaft. If the motor is transmitting 1.5 kW, find the torque required to fix the annulus A.

Fig. Q2

[10 marks]

Q3. In Fig. Q3, the angular velocity of the crank OA is 600 rpm. The dimensions of various links are: OA = 28 mm; AB = 44 mm; BC 49 mm; and BD = 46 mm. The centre distance between the centres of rotation O and C is 65 mm. The path of travel of the slider is 11 mm below the fixed point C. The slider moves along a horizontal path and OC is vertical. With the configuration shown determine: a) The linear velocity and acceleration of the slider D and b) The angular velocity and acceleration of the link BD.

Fig. Q3.

[20 marks]

Q4. a) A screw jack is used to raise a load of 10 tonnes. The pitch of single start square threads used for the screw is 30 mm. The mean diameter is 90 mm. If the coefficient of friction between the srew and nut is 0.21, determine: i) The toque to raise the load; ii) The mechanical efficiency of the screw jack; and c) The toque to lower the load (8 marks) b) Derive an expression for the magnitude and direction of the Coriolis component of acceleration. (12 marks) Q5. a) Derive an expression for the ratio of the tensions on the two sides of a flat belt drive when the belt is about to slip. [8 marks] b) An open belt drive connects two pulleys 1200mm and 500mm diameter, on parallel shafts 3.6m apart. The belt has a mass of 0.9 Kg/m length, and the maximum tension in it is not to exceed 2 KN. The 1200mm pulley, which is the driver, runs at 200 Rev/min. Due to the belt slip on one of the pulleys, the velocity of the driven shaft is only 450 Rev/min. The coefficient of friction between the belt and pulley is taken to be = 0.3. Determine the: i) Torque on each of the two shafts, ii) Power transmitted, iii) Power lost due to belt slip, and iv) Efficiency of the drive [12 marks]