International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)

Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com Volume 1, Issue 4, November December 2012 ISSN 2278-6856

A Survey on Cloud Computing Services

Vincy goyal1, Ruchi dave2
1, 2

Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Gyan Vihar School Of Engineering & Technology Mahal, Jagatpura, Jaipur, India

Abstract: Cloud computing is a computing platform where a

large pool of systems are connected in private or public networks, to provide dynamically scalable infrastructure for application, data and file storage. It shares computer resources instead of using software or storage on a local PC at a vast level. In the last few years, it is the growing acceptance of innovative technologies that has seen cloud computing become the biggest buzzword in IT. This paper outlines the key features that cloud computing technologies possess and illustrates the three essential services (SaaS, PaaS and IaaS) and deployment model. The future of cloud computing along with its challenges is also explored.

Keyword: Cloud computing, SaaS, PaaS, IaaS.

1. INTRODUCTION
Cloud computing is an emerging computing technology that uses the internet and central remote servers to maintain data and applications. This technology allows for much more efficient computing by centralizing storage, memory, processing and bandwidth. [1] Perhaps the simplest working definition of cloud computing is being able to access files, data, programs and 3rd party services from a Web browser via provider[2] and paying only for the computing resources and services used. The term "Cloud Computing" has been mentioned for just under four years in relation to services or infrastructural resources, which can be contracted over a network. Thus, the idea of renting instead of buying IT is nothing new. And so, Cloud Computing has many antecedents and equally as many attempts to define it. The players in the large world of clouds are Software as a Services provider, outsourcing and hosting providers, network and IT infrastructure providers and, above all, the companies whose names are closely linked with the Internet's commercial boom. But, all these services in combination outline the complete package known as Cloud Computing depending on the source with the appropriate focus. [3]the Internet that are hosted by a 3rd party From IBM vision, Cloud is a computing model providing web-based software, middleware and computing resources on demand. [5] National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) defined Cloud Computing as a model for enabling convenient, ondemand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. [6] Volume 1, Issue 4 November - December 2012 Figure 1: Cloud Computing Scenario [4]

2. CLOUD COMPUTING SERVICE MODELS

In cloud computing, everything is delivered as a Service (XaaS), from testing and security, to collaboration and metamodeling. [7] There are three types of service models which are described in the following: 2.1 Software as a Service (SaaS) It provides users an easier way to access many of their standard business applications and services such as email and word processing packages etc, by allowing users to access these programs through the internet, there is no need to install and run the special software on your computer if you use the SaaS. The applications are accessible from various client devices through either a thin client interface, such as a web browser (e.g., webbased email), or a program interface. User-clients just use this service without the headache of running, maintaining, updating the software. It will help to get rid of cost complexity because end users need not to worry about all those things.[8] Examples of SaaS are Salesforce.com, Googles Gmail, Microsofts Office Live and Cornerstone On Demand etc. 2.2 Platform as a Service(PaaS) This is where applications are developed using a set of programming languages and tools that are supported by the PaaS provider. It allows users to use cloud computing for developing any application using development kit provided by cloud computing. Users are not required to install development kit on local machine, he can use installed software or development kit in cloud computing Page 111

International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)

Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com Volume 1, Issue 4, November December 2012 ISSN 2278-6856
to develop any program [9]. The client has the freedom to create his own applications, which run on the providers infrastructure. It delivers web-based (cloud) applications without the cost and complexity of buying and managing the underlying hardware, software, provisioning and hosting. [10] There are many examples of PaaS such as Googles App Engine, Amazons EC2 and Microsofts Azure platform. 2.3 Infrastructure as a Service(IaaS) Infrastructure as a Service enables us to install and execute the software. Here, users can gain access to virtualized server. IaaS targets operating systems, hardware, CPUs and embedded systems, networks and storage. This enables a homogenous virtualized environment where specific software will be installed and executed [9]. The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure but has control over operating systems, storage, and deployed applications; and possibly limited control of select networking components (e.g., host firewalls). [11] IaaS provides companies with computing resources including servers, networking, storage, and data center space on a pay-peruse basis. [10] Some of the most popular examples of IaaS include Go Grids ServePath and Amazons Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2). Internet. Services can be dynamically provisioned and are billed based on usage alone. This model provides the highest degree of cost savings while requiring the least amount of overhead. [13] 3.2 Private Cloud It describes computer services delivered to a single organization. They aim to address concerns on data security and offer greater control, which is typically lacking in a public cloud. This model shares many of the characteristics of a traditional client-server architecture, while integrating features associated with other models cloud computing.[13] It is mostly suited for sensitive data, where the customer is dependent on a certain degree of security[14]. Quality of Service (QoS) is managed and controlled by the organization itself. For example, Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) is a private cloud, which offers clients isolated AWS (Amazon Work Space) and protection by Virtual Private Network (VPN) connections. 3.3 Hybrid Cloud The cloud infrastructure is a composition of two or more clouds (private, community, or public) that remain unique entities but are bound together by standardized or proprietary technology that enables data and application portability. It helps businesses to take advantage of secured applications and data hosting on a private cloud, while still enjoying cost benefits by keeping shared data and applications on the public cloud. [15] It is capable of providing on-demand, externally provisioned scale. 3.4 Community Cloud The community cloud is restricted and utilize with a set of group that comprise common interests and purpose, like a common mission. The cloud infrastructure is shared by several organizations and supports a specific community that has shared concerns. Government departments, universities, central banks etc. often find this type of cloud useful. According to NIST, the community cloud refers to a cloud infrastructure shared by several organizations within a specific community. It may be managed by any one of the organizations or a third party. A typical example is the Open Cirrus Cloud Computing Testbed, which is a collection of Federated data centers across six sites spanning from North America to Asia. [16]

Figure 2: Service Model [12]

3. CLOUD COMPUTING DEPLOYMENT MODELS

Enterprises can choose to deploy applications on Public, Private or Hybrid clouds. Cloud Integrators can play a vital part in determining the right cloud path for each organization. 3.1 Public Cloud In a public cloud, the services and infrastructure are provided off-site over the Internet. In this model, all of the physical resources are owned and operated by a third party cloud computing provider. The provider services multiple clients that may consist of individuals or corporations utilizing these resources through the public Volume 1, Issue 4 November - December 2012

Figure 3: Deployment Model [17] Page 112

International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)

Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com Volume 1, Issue 4, November December 2012 ISSN 2278-6856 4. CHALLENGES OF CLOUD COMPUTING
4.1 Reliability and liability Users will expect the cloud to be a reliable resource especially if a cloud provider takes over the task of running mission-critical applications and will expect clear delineation of liability if serious problems occur. Privacy and reliability are to be maintained during transportation and storage of the data. 4.2 Data Security and privacy Cloud is made for sharing the workload into the common infrastructure and users have to rely on the cloud provider about their identity information, operation histories and perceptive data. Potential adopters are concerned about the security of data outside the corporate firewall. A related issue has to do with offshore data housing, which can pose problems of legislative compliance when data crosses borders. In the short term, most companies can avoid these issues by using domestic cloud facilities. [18] 4.3 Manageability Many startups have recognized the need for management early on and have built management capabilities on top of the existing cloud infrastructure/platforms. RightScale is one of the early pioneers in this space. Their solution solves many of the management issues such as autoscaling and load balancing. [19] The cloud providers have to make sure that the personal information in not being share by any other person or third party companies. Data Integrity When data is on the cloud anyone can use them Cloud does not differentiate between sensitive data and common data thus enabling anyone to access those sensitive data. It leads to lack of data integrity in cloud. Data Theft Most of the cloud providers try to lease a server from other service providers because it reduces cost and makes operations more flexible. There is a high chance that the data stored in their servers can be stolen by a malicious user. Data loss If the cloud provider shuts down due to some problems there will be a loss of data for the customers. The customers wont be able to access those data because all data will lose due to some system problems. Data location The customer dont know where his own data is located. The Cloud provider does not reveal all the information about where the data are stored. The Datas wont even be in the same country of the Customer, it might be located anywhere in the world. Deletion of Data There are possibilities that the data which is no longer needed is deleted by the user but is still there somewhere in the cloud. It is a serious problem in the cloud about the deletion. Customers make sure that data deleted from the cloud is no longer kept. The cloud providers must make sure that the data which the customer deletes is completely removed from the cloud.

5. FUTURE OF CLOUD COMPUTING

Cloud computing has become the standard operating procedure for any company looking at building or deploying software today. The future of cloud computing is in explosion of data and helping companies navigates the multitude of options in deploying traditional application to the cloud. So far, most cloud systems have focused on hosting applications and data on remote computers, employing in particular replication strategies to ensure availability and thus achieving a load balancing scalability. However, the conceptual model of clouds exceeds such a simple technical approach and leads to challenges not unlike the ones of the future internet, yet with slightly different focus due to the combination of concepts and goals implicit to cloud systems. [20] There is a concern about cyber gangs hacking into commercial and military systems, which leads to a worldwide trend that temporarily reduces public cloud adoption [21] and in order to protect against these negative trends security and standards must not be ignored.

7. CONCLUSION
Cloud computing is gaining popularity as a way to virtualized the datacenter and increase flexibility in the use of computation resources. While the main reasons for adopting services based on cloud computing are cost saving, flexibility and start-up speed, there are still doubts about the security guarantees and the portability and integration options offered by this model of services. Cloud computing provides companies with new options for managing infrastructures and new business models. Its security deficiencies and benefits need to be carefully weighed before making a decision to implement it. The future of cloud computing is not definite but by analyzing the trends it seems that cloud technology will play a large part in our day to day lives. In the future business and consumers will benefit from higher interoperability

6. SECURITY COMPUTING

RISKS

IN

CLOUD

There are many security concerns that has to be considered while using cloud computing. Confidentiality The Cloud providers sometimes hire third party companies to store data and information of their customers. The third party can use the data and expose it. Volume 1, Issue 4 November - December 2012

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International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)

Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com Volume 1, Issue 4, November December 2012 ISSN 2278-6856
between clouds and maybe even a cloud network which will improve sharing of resources and information.

REFERENCES
[1] Ken Birman, Gregory Chockler, Robbert van Renesse TOWARDS A CLOUD COMPUTING RESEARCH AGENDA 2008 LADIS workshop, (2008). [2] Steven Hodson: What Is Cloud Computing?,http://www.winextra.com/2008/05/02/ what-is-cloud-computing, May 2, 2008. [3] White Paper Cloud Computing; Alternative sourcing strategy for business ICT T-Systems Enterprise Services GmbH 2008, (2008) [4] www.tech.blogeous.com [5] http://www.ibm.com/cloudcomputing/us/en/ [6] http://blog.teamgrowth.net/index.php/virtualization/ cloudcomputing/introduction-to-cloud-computingand-service-models [7] Bhaskar P., Admela J, Dimitrios K, Yves G.: Architectural Requirements for Cloud Computing Systems: An Enterprise Cloud Approach. J. Grid Computing 9(1), 3-26 (2011). [8] P. Mell et al, NIST definition of cloud computing, vol. 15, October 2009. [9] Sameer Rajan, Apurva Jairath Cloud Computing: The Fifth generation of Computing (2011) [10] http://www.ibm.com/cloudcomputing/us/en/what-iscloud-computing.html [11] http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/800145/SP800-145.pdf [12] http://ciscorouterswitch.overblog.com/article-whatcloud-computing-exact-is-102461240.html [13] http://www.cloudconsulting.com/deploymentmethods/ [14] http://blog.visma.com/blog/cloud-basics-deploymentmodels/ [15] http://www.cloudtweaks.com/2012/07/the-4primary-cloud-deployment-models/ [16] Campbell , R. et al. Open Cirrus Cloud Computing Testbed: Federated Data Centers for Open Source Systems and Services Research. In Proc. HotCloud, 2009. [17] http://kasunpanorama.blogspot.in/2010/07/understan ding-cloud-computing-feel-easy.html [18] http://www.accenture.com/usen/outlook/Pages/outlook-online-2011-challengescloud-computing.aspx [19] http://cloudcomputing.sys-con.com/node/659288 [20] http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/ict/ssai/docs/cloud-reportfinal.pdf [21] Wang, R. (2011) Cloud Adopters Embrace Cloud For Both Innovation and Legacy Optimization, [on-line] available from: http://www.forbes.com/sites/ciocentral/2010/12/27/2 011-cloudcomputingpredictions-for-ciosandbusinesstechnology-leaders/ Volume 1, Issue 4 November - December 2012 Page 114