1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.

BURSITIS- inflammation of the connective tissue which surrounds the joints CARPEL TUNNEL SYNDROME- compression of the median nerve where it enters the hand through the carpel tunnel @ the wrist CREPITUS-palpable or auditory crunching produced by the crunching together of bony fragments DELAYED UNION-slower than average healing of a fracture DISLOCATION-a condition that occurs when the articular surfaces of a joint is no longer in anatomical contact w/ each other FIBROMYALGIA- chronic pain of unknown origin MULTIPLE MYELOMA- malignant neoplasm of the plasma cells of the bone marrow NON-UNION-failure of the ends of a fractured bone to meet OSTEOMYELITIS- infection of the bone & bone marrow OSTEOPOROSIS- chronic bone loss which causes a decrease in bone density, leading to increased risk of fractures OSTEOSARCOMA- primary neoplasm of the bone PERONEAL NERVE COMPRESSION-compression of the peroneal nerve on the lateral aspect of the knee, over the head of the fibuladrop foot STRAIN- injury to the musculotendinous unit caused by excessive force or stretching SPRAIN-partial rupture of a joints ligament, due to wrenching or twisting of the joint.

EO 1.2: RELATE THE STRUCTURE & FXN OF THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM TO THE CARE OF CLIENTS W/ ALTERATIONS IN PHYSICAL MOBILITY. Structure of musculoskeletal system: 1. Bones- spongy & compact Classification: a) Long- ex. femur, humerus Components: 1. Epiphysis 2. Metaphysic 3. Diaphysis

2.

3. 4. 5.

Periosteum- fibrous connective tissue which covers & protects bone 5. Bone marrow- storage area for fat, produces all blood cells b) Short- ex. Carpals, tarsals c) Flat-ex. scapula d) Irregular- ex. Skull, sternum etc Fxn: protect vital organs, support body tissues, assist movement, haematopoiesis & storage mineral salts Articulations Classification: a) Synarthrosis- fixed joints (fibrous) b) Amphiathrosis- slightly moveable joints (cartilagous) c) Diarthrosis- freely moveable (synovial) d) Joint capsule- fibrous sheath surrounding articulation of the bone Fxn: hold bones together securely & give skeleton mobility Skeletal muscle Fxn: facilitate voluntary movement, maintain posture & production of body heat Ligaments & tendons Fxn: provision joint stability, allowing restricted movement as well as binding muscle to bone Cartilage Fxn: absorption of weight, shock, stress & strain, as well as protection of bones, joints, and joint tissue

4.

EO 1.3: ID AGE RELATED CHANGES IN THE STRUCTURE & FXN OF THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM. A. Decreased bone density- teach safety tips B. Increase bone prominence- prevent pressure on boney prominences C. Kyphotic posture- widened gate, shift in the center of gravity- teach proper mechanics, instruct sit in supportive chairs w/ arms D. Cartilage degeneration E. Decreased ROM F. Muscle atrophy & decreased strength G. Slowed movement

EO 1.9: DESCRIBE THE CLASSIFICATION, ACTION AND NSG IMPLICATIONS FOR THE FOLLOWING MEDICATIONS A. ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS a. SALICYLATES i. ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID (ASPIRIN) a) M.of .A: inhibits prostaglandin, thus decreasing inflammatory process & body temp, decrease platelet aggregation & thus blood clotting, relieves pain by inhibiting COX (need to synthesis prostaglandins) b) S.E: anorexia, N&V, diarrhea, dizziness, confusion, hearing loss, heart burn, stomach pain, tinnitus, uticaria, ulceration, agranulocytosis. b. NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS (NSAIDS) i. IBUPROFEN (MOTRIN) & NAPROXEN (NAPROSYN) a) M.of.A: inhibition prostaglandin synthesis thus relieving pain b) S,E: anorexia, N&V, diarrhea, edema, rash, Purpura, tinnitus, fatigue, light headedness. ii. CELECOXIB (CELEBREX) a) M.of.A: inhibit COX-2 b) S.E: headache, dizziness, sinusitis, rash, nausea, flatulence, diarrhea B. ANTI-GOUT DRUGS a. COLCHINCINE (Novocolchine) i. M.of.A: inhibition migration leukocytes to inflamed site ii. S.E: GI irritation b. ALLOPURINOL (ZYLOPRIM) & SULFINPYRANZONE (ANTURANCE) i. M.of.A: decrease uric acid synthesis, thus decreasing serum uric acid ii. S.E: anorexia, N&V, diarrhea, stomatitis, dizziness, headache, rash, puritis, malaise, metallic taste iii. NSG: increase fluid intake C. SKELETAL MUSCLE RLEAXANTS a. CYCLOBENZAPRINE (FLEXERIL) i. M.of.A: UNKOWN ii. S.E: GI upset b. DIAZEPAM (VALIUM) i. M.of.A: D. CORTICOSTEROIDS a. PREDNISONE i. M.of.A: suppression inflammation & adrenal fxn to decrease inflammation ii. S.E: N&V, diarrhea, abdominal distention, increased appetite, sweating, headache, depression, flush, mood changes