PROJECT: STEEL BUILDING DESIGN CASE STUDY SUBJECT: JOIST SELECTION (ECONOMICAL BAY STUDY)

SHEET 16 of 131

Investigate two framing options: Option I - joists span 30', Option II - joists span 36' This bay framing study is done for joists (sheets 16-17), interior floor girders (sheets 18-22), and interior fill beams (sheet 23-24). Comparison bays are priced out (sheet 25) to select economical bay framing

JOIST SELECTION a PER VULCRAFT STEEL JOISTS AND JOIST GIRDERS MANUAL ROOF JOIST SELECTION TYPICAL BAY 30 x 36 ft Bays Length - (ft) 30 Number of Joists 5 6 6 6 6 6 6
Center to Center Joist Spacing =

DL = LL = W DL = W LL = Applied Load - Wu = Total Bay Width 36

6.0 25.5 20.0 153.0 120.0 273.0

(ft) (trial assumption) (lb/ft2) (lb/ft2) (lb/ft) (lb/ft) (lb/ft)

From Vulcraft Manual

JOIST 20K 4 ALLOWABLE LOAD (total) 274 Live Load Deflection Check - ALLOWABLE LOAD (live) 179 Wt. < 11 lb/ft Assumed on sheet 6, OK WEIGHT 7.3 Total Weight Per Bay 1095 Cost Per Ton b $1,500.0 Total Cost $821.25 FLOOR JOIST SELECTION TYPICAL BAY 30 x 36 ft Bays Length - (ft) 30 Number of Joists 11 3 ft C-to-C spacing
Center to Center Joist Spacing =

p. 109

(lb/ft) (lb/ft) (lb/ft) lb

DL = LL = W DL = W LL = Applied Load - Wu = Total Bay Width 36

3.0 56.5 80.0 169.5 240.0 409.5

(ft) (trial assumption) (lb/ft2) (lb/ft2) (lb/ft) (lb/ft) (lb/ft)

From Vulcraft Manual

JOIST 26K 6 ALLOWABLE LOAD (total) 441 Live Load Deflection Check - ALLOWABLE LOAD (live) 377 Wt. < 11 lb/ft Assumed on sheet 6, OK WEIGHT 8.8 Total Weight Per Bay 2904 Cost Per Ton b $1,500.0 Total Cost $2,178.00

p. 109

(lb/ft) (lb/ft) (lb/ft) lb

Lab Note: Joists should also be checked for vibration, due to human activity. If gone unchecked vibrations can be uncomfortable for the building occupants. Partitions act as dampers to reduce the amount of vibration in a floor system, it is negligible. a -- use allowable stress design for joists b -- costs per ton in place obtained from local fabricator Red font indicates user input

PROJECT: STEEL BUILDING DESIGN CASE STUDY SUBJECT: JOIST SELECTION

SHEET 17 of 131

JOIST SELECTION a PER VULCRAFT STEEL JOISTS AND JOIST GIRDERS MANUAL

ROOF JOIST SELECTION TYPICAL BAY 36 x 30 ft Bays Length - (ft) 36 Number of Joists 4 6 6 6 6 6
Center to Center Joist Spacing =

DL = LL = W DL = W LL = Applied Load - Wu = Total Bay Width 30

6.0 25.5 20.0 153.0 120.0 273.0

(ft) (trial assumption) (lb/ft2) (lb/ft2) (lb/ft) (lb/ft) (lb/ft)

From Vulcraft Manual

JOIST 24K6 ALLOWABLE LOAD (total) 281 Live Load Deflection Check - ALLOWABLE LOAD (live) 183 Wt. < 11 lb/ft Assumed on sheet 7, OK WEIGHT 8.3 Total Weight Per Bay 1195.2 Cost Per Ton b $1,500.0 Total Cost $896.40 FLOOR JOIST SELECTION TYPICAL BAY 36 x 30 ft Bays Length - (ft) 36 Number of Joists 9 3 ft C-to-C spacing
Center to Center Joist Spacing =

p. 109

(lb/ft) (lb/ft) (lb/ft) lb

DL = LL = W DL = W LL = Applied Load - Wu = Total Bay Width 30.0

3.00 56.5 80.0 169.5 240.0 409.5

(ft) (trial assumption) (lb/ft2) (lb/ft2) (lb/ft) (lb/ft) (lb/ft)

From Vulcraft Manual

JOIST 28K 9 ALLOWABLE LOAD (total) 442 Live Load Deflection Check - ALLOWABLE LOAD (live) 332 Wt. = 11 lb/ft Assumed on sheet 7, OK WEIGHT 11 Total Weight Per Bay 3564 Cost Per Ton b $1,500.0 Total Cost $2,673.00

p. 109

(lb/ft) (lb/ft) (lb/ft) lb

Lab Note: A big differential deflection between floor members can be a serviceability concern for building occupants. The deflection could lead to cracked architectural finishes or jammed doors. The difference in deflection between the joists and fill beams should be checked. a -- use allowable stress design for joists b -- costs per ton in place obtained from local fabricator Red font indicates user input

PROJECT: STEEL BUILDING DESIGN CASE STUDY SUBJECT: JOIST SELECTION (ECONOMICAL BAY STUDY) FLOOR UNDERNEATH PENTHOUSE SELECTION

SHEET 18 of 131

JOIST SELECTION a PER VULCRAFT STEEL JOISTS AND JOIST GIRDERS MANUAL

TYPICAL BAY 30 x 36 ft Bays Length - (ft) 30 Number of Joists 11 3 ft C-toC spacing

Center to Center Joist Spacing =

DL = LL = W DL = W LL = Applied Load - Wu = Total Bay Width 36

3.0 100.0 80.0 300.0 240.0 540.0

(ft) (trial assumption) (lb/ft2) (lb/ft2) (lb/ft) (lb/ft) (lb/ft)

From Vulcraft Manual

JOIST 26K 8 ALLOWABLE LOAD (total) 544 Live Load Deflection Check - ALLOWABLE LOAD (live) 457 Wt. < 11 lb/ft Assumed on sheet 7, OK WEIGHT 10 Total Weight Per Bay 3300 Cost Per Ton b $1,500.0 Total Cost $2,475.00

p. 109

(lb/ft) (lb/ft) (lb/ft) lb

TYPICAL BAY 30 x 36 ft Bays Length - (ft) 36 Number of Joists 11 2.5 ft C-to-C spacing

Center to Center Joist Spacing =

DL = LL = W DL = W LL = Applied Load - Wu = Total Bay Width 30

2.5 100.0 80.0 250.0 200.0 450.0

(ft) (trial assumption) (lb/ft2) (lb/ft2) (lb/ft) (lb/ft) (lb/ft)

From Vulcraft Manual

JOIST 28k10 ALLOWABLE LOAD (total) 487 Live Load Deflection Check - ALLOWABLE LOAD (live) 366 wt.= 12 lb/ft is close to 11 lb/ft assumed on sheet 7 WEIGHT 12 say ok! Total Weight Per Bay 4752 Cost Per Ton b $1,500.0 Total Cost $3,564.00

p. 109

(lb/ft) (lb/ft) (lb/ft) lb

a -- use allowable stress design for joists b -- costs per ton in place obtained from local fabricator Red font indicates user input

PROJECT: STEEL BUILDING DESIGN CASE STUDY SUBJECT: GIRDER SELECTION (30x36 BAYS - BAY STUDY)

SHEET 19 of 131

(OPTION I) INTERIOR FLOOR GIRDER SELECTION LIVE LOAD REDUCTION CHECK - Bay Width = 30 ft. INTERIOR FLOOR GIRDER Tributary Width Typical Bay Assumptions
#1 - Laterally Supported #2 - Compact Sections

Total Bay length = Beam Fy =

DL = LL =
Tributary Width = Tributary Area (AT) = KLL (ASCE-7 02 Table 4-2)=

36 x 30 ft Bays 36 30 30

AT * KLL = AT * KLL > 400 ft2 ?

36 50 59.0 80.0 30 1080.0 2.0 2160.0 YES

(ft) (ksi) (lb/ft2) (lb/ft2) (ft) (ft2)

Note: Live load reduction can be applied in accordance with ASCE 7-02 section 4.8.1 (see ASCE 7-02 Eq. 4-1)
L = Lo*(0.25+15/(KLLAT)^0.5) ASCE 7-02 Eq. 4-1

L=

46

L = reduced design live load value in psf Lo = unreduced live load in psf AI = Tributary area

WDL = WLL =

1770 1375

Lb/ft Lb/ft

Now, calculate a new value for W u using the reduced live load as shown above W u = [1.2*dead load + 1.6* reduced live load] Wu = 4.32 klf

Red font indicates user input

PROJECT: STEEL BUILDING DESIGN CASE STUDY SUBJECT: GIRDER SELECTION (30x36 BAYS - BAY STUDY)

SHEET 20 of 131

(OPTION 1) INTERIOR FLOOR GIRDER SELECTION (METHOD 1: Explicit Calculations)- Bay Width = 30 ft. INTERIOR FLOOR GIRDER Tributary width Typical Bay Assumptions
#1 - Laterally Supported #2 - Compact Sections Total Bay Length = Beam Fy =

DL =
LL (LL Reduction is applied) = Tributary Width =

W DL = 36 30 30

36 50 59.0 45.8 30 1770.0

(ft) (ksi) (lb/ft2) (lb/ft2) (ft) (lb/ft)

36 x 30 ft Bays

W LL = 1374.6 (lb/ft) Factored Load - Wu = 4.3 (k/ft) Factored Max. Moment (Mu) = 700.4 (k-ft)

SELECT SECTION Use Zx Tables 5-3 f Mn = f Mp = Zx * f Fy

Zx required= Mu / f Fy =

186.77

(in3)

LRFD p.5-46 - Choose Beam Weight (k/ft) Mu = fMp = CHECK LOCAL CONDITIONS bf / 2 tf (LRFD p.1-16) = lp = 65 / Fy =
.5

W24x76 0.076 700.4 750 OK 6.61 9.2 OK 49 90.5 OK 77.8 283.9 10.5 OK

< 85 plf assumed,don't add Wt.

(k-ft) (k-ft) fMp > Mu ?

lp > bf/2tf ?

CHECK WEB h / tw (LRFD p.1-16) = lp = 640 / Fy.5 = CHECK SHEAR CAPACITY Vu = Wu L / 2 =

fVn = fv (0.6 Fyw) Aw =
Aw = d * tw (LRFD p.1-16) =

lp > h/tw ?

(fv = .9)

d=

24 tw = 0.4 fVn > Vu ? (in) - LIMIT (in) - DLL (in4) Dlimit > DLL? 1950 1.368
$2,667.60 Red font indicates user input

LIVE LOAD DEFLECTION CHECK D = L / 360 = D = (5*wLL*L4)/(384*E*I) =

I (moment of inertia about x-x axis, LRFD p.5-46)=

1.200 0.853 2100 OK SECTION OK Cost Per Ton a Total Weight Total Cost

($) (tons)

a - costs per ton in place obtained from local fabricator

PROJECT: STEEL BUILDING DESIGN CASE STUDY SUBJECT: GIRDER SELECTION (30x36 BAYS - BAY STUDY)

SHEET 21 of 131

(OPTION 1) INTERIOR FLOOR GIRDER SELECTION (METHOD 2: Beam Design Tables)- Bay Width = 30 ft. Beam Design Tables in LRFD Mu = Fy = LRFD Table 5-3 p.5-46 Member W24x84 W24x76 fMp (k-ft)= 840 750 700.4 50 k-ft ksi

Lightest member for most economical design Choose W24x76 BEAM CAPACITY CHECK Member Fy = Zx = f Mn = f= f Mn = W24x76 50 200 Zx * f Fy 0.9 750 ksi in3

LRFD Table 5-3 p.5-46

k-ft

Red font indicates user input

PROJECT: STEEL BUILDING DESIGN CASE STUDY SUBJECT: GIRDER SELECTION (36x30 BAYS - BAY STUDY)

SHEET 22 of 131

(OPTION II) INTERIOR FLOOR GIRDER SELECTION LIVE LOAD REDUCTION CHECK - Bay Width = 36 ft. INTERIOR FLOOR GIRDER Tributary width Typical Bay Assumptions
#1 - Laterally Supported #2 - Compact Sections

Total Bay length = Beam Fy =

DL = LL =
Tributary Width = Tributary Area (AT) = KLL (ASCE-7 02 Table 4-2)=

36 x 30 ft Bays 30 36 36

AT * KLL = AT * KLL > 400 ft2 ?

30 50 59.0 80.0 36 1080.0 2.0 2160.0 YES

(ft) (ksi) (lb/ft2) (lb/ft2) (ft) (ft2)

Note: Live load reduction can be applied in accordance with ASCE 7-02 section 4.8.1 (see ASCE 7-02 Eq. 4-1)
L = Lo*(0.25+15/(KLLAT)^0.5) ASCE 7-02 Eq. 4-1

L=

46

L = reduced design live load value in psf Lo = unreduced live load in psf AI = Tributary area WDL = WLL = 2124 1650 Lb/ft Lb/ft

Now, calculate a new value for W u using the reduced live load as shown above W u = [1.2*dead load + 1.6* reduced live load] Wu = 5.19 klf

Red font indicates user input

PROJECT: STEEL BUILDING DESIGN CASE STUDY SUBJECT: GIRDER SELECTION (36x30 BAYS - BAY STUDY) (OPTION II) INTERIOR FLOOR GIRDER SELECTION - Bay Width = 36 ft. INTERIOR FLOOR GIRDER Tributary width Total Bay length =
Beam Fy =

SHEET 23 of 131

Typical Bay Assumptions

#1 - Laterally Supported #2 - Compact Sections

DL =
LL (LL Reduction is applied) = Tributary Width =

W DL = W LL = 30 36 36
Factored Load - Wu = Factored Max. Moment (Mu) =

30 50 59.0 45.8 36 2124.0 1649.5 5.2 583.7

(ft) (ksi) (lb/ft2) (lb/ft2) (ft) (lb/ft) (lb/ft) (k/ft) (k-ft)

36 x 30 ft Bays

SELECT SECTION Use Zx Tables 5-3 f Mn = f Mp = Zx * f Fy

Zx required= Mu / f Fy =

155.64 W24x68 0.068 583.7 664 OK 7.66 9.2 OK 52 90.5 OK 77.8 265.6 9.8 OK

(in3)

LRFD p.5-46 - Choose Beam Weight (k/ft) Mu = fMp = CHECK LOCAL CONDITIONS bf / 2 tf (LRFD p.1-16) = lp = 65 / Fy.5 = CHECK WEB h / tw (LRFD p.1-16) = lp = 640 / Fy.5 = CHECK SHEAR CAPACITY Vu = Wu L / 2 =
fVn = fv (0.6 Fyw) Aw =
Aw = d * tw (LRFD p.1-16) =

< 85 plf assumed,don't add Wt.

(k-ft) (k-ft) fMp > Mu ?

lp > bf/2tf ?

lp > h/tw ?

(fv = .9)

d=

24 , tw = 0.4 fVn > Vu ? (in) - LIMIT (in) - DLL (in4) Dlimit > DLL? 1950 1.02
$1,989.00 Red font indicates user input

LIVE LOAD DEFLECTION CHECK D = L / 360 = D = (5*wLL*L4)/(384*E*I) =

I (moment of inertia about x-x axis, LRFD p.5-46)=

1.000 0.566 1830 OK SECTION OK Cost Per Ton a Total Weight Total Cost

($) (tons)

a -- costs per ton in place obtained from local fabricator

PROJECT: STEEL BUILDING DESIGN CASE STUDY SUBJECT: FILL BEAM SELECTION (BAY STUDY) INTERIOR FLOOR FILL BEAM SELECTION - Bay length = 30 ft. INTERIOR FLOOR FILL BEAM Typical Bay Assumptions
#1 - Laterally Supported 30 x 36 ft Bays Total Bay Length =

SHEET 24 of 131

Joist spacing = 3.0 ft Dark Line is Fill Beam

3.0
Influence Distance Is Shaded

Total Bay Width = Fill Beam Fy =

30 36 Distance to next Fill Beam

DL = LL =
Influence Distance / 2 =

W DL = W LL =
Factored Load = Wu = Factored Max. Moment (Mu) =

30 36 50 56.5 80.0 1.5 169.5 240.0 0.587 66.1

(ft) (ft) (ksi) (lb/ft2) (lb/ft2) (ft) (lb/ft) (lb/ft) (k/ft) (k-ft)

SELECT SECTION LRFD p.5-48 - Choose Beam Weight (k/ft) Mu = fMp = CHECK LOCAL CONDITIONS bf / 2 tf (LRFD p.1-18) = lp = 65 / Fy =
.5

W16X26 0.026 68.1 166 OK 7.97 9.2 OK 56.8 90.5 OK 8.8 106.0 3.9 OK

> 11 plf assumed, add Wt.

(k-ft) (k-ft) fMp > Mu ?

lp > bf/2tf ?

CHECK WEB h / tw (LRFD p.1-18) = lp = 640 / Fy.5 = CHECK SHEAR CAPACITY Vu = Wu * L / 2 =

fVn = fv (0.6 Fyw) Aw (Fyw = yield strength of web) =
Aw = d * tw (LRFD p.1-18) =

lp > h/tw ?

(fv = .9)

d=

16

, tw =

0.3 fVn > Vu ? (in) - LIMIT (in) - DLL (in4) Dlimit > DLL?

LIVE LOAD DEFLECTION CHECK D = L / 360 = D = (5*wLL*L4)/(384*E*I) =

I (moment of inertia about x-x axis, LRFD p.5-48)=

1.000 0.501 301 OK SECTION OK Cost Per Ton a

In this case, deflection controls

1950

($)

a -- costs per ton in place obtained from local fabricator

Red font indicates user input

PROJECT: STEEL BUILDING DESIGN CASE STUDY SUBJECT: FILL BEAM SELECTION (BAY STUDY) INTERIOR FLOOR FILL BEAM SELECTION - Bay length = 36 ft. INTERIOR FLOOR FILL BEAM Joist spacing = 3.0 ft Dark Line is Fill Beam Typical Bay Assumptions
#1 - Laterally Supported 36 x 30 ft Bays Total Bay Length =

SHEET 25 of 131

3.0
Influence Distance Is Shaded

Total Bay Width = Fill Beam Fy =

36 30 Distance to next Fill Beam

DL = LL =
Influence Distance / 2 =

W DL = W LL =
Factored Load = Wu = Factored Max. Moment (Mu) =

36 30 50 55.0 80.0 1.5 165.0 240.0 0.582 94.3

(ft) (ft) (ksi) (lb/ft2) (lb/ft2) (ft) (lb/ft) (lb/ft) (k/ft) (k-ft)

SELECT SECTION LRFD p.5-48 - Choose Beam Weight (k/ft) Mu = fMp = CHECK LOCAL CONDITIONS bf / 2 tf (LRFD p.1-18) = lp = 65 / Fy =
.5

W16x26 0.026 97.2 166 OK 7.97 9.2 OK 56.8 90.5 OK 10.5 106.0 3.9 OK

> 11 plf assumed, add Wt.

(k-ft) (k-ft) fMp > Mu ?

lp > bf/2tf ?

CHECK WEB h / tw (LRFD p.1-18) = lp = 640 / Fy.5 = CHECK SHEAR CAPACITY Vu = Wu * L / 2 =

fVn = fv (0.6 Fyw) Aw (Fyw = yield strength of web) =
Aw = d * tw (LRFD p.1-18) =

lp > h/tw ?

(fv = .9)

d=

16

, tw =

0.3 fVn > Vu ? (in) - LIMIT (in) - DLL (in4) Dlimit > DLL?

LIVE LOAD DEFLECTION CHECK D = L / 360 = D = (5*wLL*L4)/(384*E*I) =

I (moment of inertia about x-x axis, LRFD p.5-48)=

1.200 1.039 301 OK

Total Cost $912.60 Lab Note: A big differential deflection between floor members can be a serviceability concern for building occupants. The deflection could
lead to cracked architectural finishes or jammed doors. The difference in deflection between the joists and fill beams should be checked. a -- costs per ton in place obtained from local fabricator Red font indicates user input

In this case, deflection controls SECTION OK Cost Per Ton a 1950 ($)

PROJECT: STEEL BUILDING DESIGN CASE STUDY SUBJECT: ECONOMICAL BAY SELECTION Interior Floor Bay Study 36

SHEET 26 of 131

Bay 30 x 36

30

Joists Type = 26K 6 Number = 11 Weight = 8.8 (lb/ft) Total Weight = 2904 (lb) Cost = 1500 ($/ton) Total Cost = $2,178.00 Fill Beams Type = W16x26 Number = 1 Weight = 26 (lb/ft) Total Weight = 780 (lb) Cost = 1950 ($/ton) Total Cost = $760.50 3.21 (tons)

Beams Type = W24x76 Number = 1 Weight = 76 (lb/ft) Total Weight = 2736 (lb) Cost = 1950 ($/ton) Total Cost = $2,667.60 TOTAL WEIGHT = 6,420 (lb) TOTAL COST = $5,606.10 or

36

Bay 36 x 30

30

Joists Type = 28K 9 Number = 9 Weight = 11 (lb/ft) Total Weight = 3564 (lb) Cost = 1500 ($/ton) Total Cost = $2,673.00 Fill Beams Type = W16x26 Number = 1 Weight = 26 (lb/ft) Total Weight = 936 (lb) Cost = 1950 ($/ton) Total Cost = $912.60 3.27 (tons)

Beams Type = W24x68 Number = 1 Weight = 68 (lb/ft) Total Weight = 2040 (lb) Cost = 1950 ($/ton) Total Cost = $1,989.00 TOTAL WEIGHT = 6,540 (lb) TOTAL COST = $5,574.60 More Economical or

36 x 30

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