TAN DELTA & CAPACITANCE MEASUREMENT:

AIM: To measure the Tan-Delta (Dissipation factor/Loss Factor) and Capacitance , in order to detect the Incipient Weakness in the Insulation. gives the trend of status of insulation when compared with Factory / initial test results. It indicates the health of insulation of primary winding of the CT.

DEFINATION: Tan delta (Dissipation/Loss Factor): It is the ratio of Resistive component (Ir) of current to that of Capacitive current (Ic) flowing in the insulating material.

INTERPRETATION OF TEST RESULTS: Tan Delta-New CT < 0.005 Good > 0.005 but < 0.01 - Deteriorated > 0.005 but < 0.01 and increasing - Futher Investigation required > 0.01 Bad Old CT < 0.007 An increase in the value of only Tan delta (not appreciable change in capacitance value) indicates deterioration of cellulose insulation . Changes in the value of Capacitance indicates abnormal conditions such as presence of moisture, layer short circuits or open circuits. Increase in both Tan-delta and capacitance indicates entry of moisture in the insulation.

ISOLATION REQUIRED: HV Terminal Jumpers are to be opened before carrying out the Test. PROCEDURE: Test voltage of 10 KV (A.C) is applied. UST Mode: i) This mode is used the when the specimen is isolated from the Earth i.e. for CTs with Tan-delta Point. The advantage of this test mode is the reduced effect of Stray capacitance losses to ground and reduced effect of interference pickup from energized apparatus. ii) High voltage terminal of the Tan delat Kit should be connected to Primary (HV) terminal and LV Terminal should be connected to the Tan-Point. GST Mode: i)This mode is used the when the specimen do not have two specific points isolated from the Earth i.e. for CTs without Tan-delta Point. ii) High voltage terminal of the Tan delat Kit should be connected to Primary (HV) terminal and the LV Terminal should be connected to Earth.

CT/ TFR BUSHING CAP (C1) & TAN DELTA USING UST MODE:
Test Connections: i. CT Secondary is shorted and Earthed. ii. Test Kit HV Lead energizes the CT Primary. iii. Test Kit LV Lead is connected to TanD Tap. iv. Test Kit Ground is connected to Earth.
Ic1

HV LEAD

TanD Tap

GUARD

UST

LV LEAD

Ic1

C1

C2

GND LEAD

CT PRIMARY

OVERALL TFR BUSHING CAP (C1+C2) & TAN DELTA USING GST MODE:
Test Connections: i. CT Secondary is shorted and Earthed. ii. Test Kit HV Lead energizes the CT Primary. iii. Test Kit Ground is connected to Earth.
Ic1+Ic2

HV LEAD

TanD Tap

C1

C2

GUARD GST

Test Gnd

GND LEAD

Ic1+Ic2

CT PRIMARY

TFR BUSHING CAP (C2) & TAN DELTA USING GSTg MODE:
Test Connections: iv. CT Secondary is shorted and Earthed. v. Tan Delta Point of the CT is Energised, using Test HV Lead. vi. Primary of the CT is connected to Test Guard using Test LV Lead. vii. Test Ground is connected to Earth using Test Ground Lead..

LV LEAD

Ic2

HV LEAD

TanD Tap

C1

C2

GUARD GSTg

Test Gnd

Ic2

GND LEAD

CT PRIMARY

CAP (CHL) BETWEEN TFR HV & TFR LV USING UST MODE:

Test Connections: i. All the TFR HV Terminals & Neutral (If present) are shorted together Neutral is Isolated from Earth, similarly for the LV Wdg. ii. TFR HV Wdg is Energised, using Test HV Lead. iii. TFR LV Wdg is connected to the Test Gnd using LV Test Lead. iv. Test Guard is connected to Earth using Test Ground Lead..

ICHL HV LEAD
v

T/F HV WDG

CHL

T/F LV WDG

ICH
CH CL

ICHL

GND LEAD
v

ICH GUARD UST Test Gnd ICHL LV LEAD

CAP BETWEEN TFR HV WDG & Earth(CH) & CAP BETWEEN TFR HV & TFR LV (CHL) USING GST MODE:
Test Connections: i. All the TFR HV Terminals & Neutral (If present) are shorted together Neutral is Isolated from Earth, similarly for the LV Wdg. ii. TFR HV Wdg is Energised, using Test HV Lead. iii. TFR LV Wdg is connected to the Ground using Test LV Lead. iv. Test Ground is connected to Earth using Ground Lead.

ICHL HV LEAD
v

T/F HV WDG

CHL

T/F LV WDG

ICH
CH CL

ICHL

GND LEAD
v

ICH + ICHL ICH GUARD GST Test Gnd LV LEAD

CAP BETWEEN TFR HV WDG & Earth(CH) USING GSTg MODE:

Test Connections: v. All the TFR HV Terminals & Neutral (If present) are shorted together Neutral is Isolated from Earth, similarly for the LV Wdg. vi. TFR HV Wdg is Energised, using Test HV Lead. vii. TFR LV Wdg is connected to the Ground using Test LV Lead. viii. Test Ground is connected to Earth using Ground Lead.