Medical Terminology

Unit 1
Basic Word Structure
Exercise -1- Exercise -6-

Exercise -2- Exercise -7-

Exercise -3- Exercise -8-

Exercise -4- Exercise -9-

Exercise
Exercise -5-
-10-
 EXERCISE
-1-
Match the words on the left with
their definitions on the right. Put
the correct letter in the blank
spaces. Follow the example.
Anaemi 1. without fever.
a
Diagnosis 2. in away which is not normal
Dysuria 3. an identification of patient’s condition or
Abnormally illness
Afebrile 4. difficulty in passing urine.

Dyspne 5. a condition where the level of

a haemoglobin -----------------and red blood
Endoscopy
cells are less than normal.
Hypotensio
n 6. difficulty in breathing.
Intravenou 7. a visual examination of the inside of the
s
Subcataneo body.
us
8. low blood pressure.
 EXERCISE
-2-

Choose the most appropriate

answer.
1. The patient suffers from pain on or
difficulty in passing
diagnourine. The
Is that he suffers
sis from dysuria.

a. anaemia b.
diagnosis
c. d.
digestion dysphagia
Answ
er
1. Norah suffers from higher than
normal blood pressure. This is
recorded in her chart as
hypertensi
on

a. b.
hyperventilatio hyperpyrexia
n
c. d.
hypertension hyperthyroidis
Answem
r
1. After the patient’s temperature
decreased and returned to normal,
the patient was described as
afebrile

a. afebrile b.
intercostal
c. d.
preoperativ subcutaneou
e Answ s
er
1. The patient’s temperature was over
41 C. he is
febrile

a. b. febrile
subgastric
c. d.
postoperative hypertensive
Answ
er
1. Khalid was involved in a ca
accident. Several ribs were broken
and he had a/an intercos
bleeding tal

a. dyspoeic b.
intravenous
c. d.
diagnostic intercostal
Answ
er
• Hessah alshuhri had an operation
last night. Her ……………………..
postopera
course was smooth.
tive

a. b.
preoperativ postoperativ
e e
c. d.
hypertensive hypotensive
Answ
er
 EXERCISE
-3-
The jumbled letters a word. Read
each sentence carefully and decide
which word is missing in each blank
space.
• He avoids eating salt because
hypertensive
he is ………
…………...
(yhpretnsevi
e)
• The patient’s temperature now is over 40 C.
he (hpyrepyreitc)
is ……………………………..
hyperpyretic

• The results of the blood test abnormal

were ……………
……………….. The hemoglobin and red
blood cells were very low.
(banroaml
)
• The patient is
hypotensive
……………………….. His blood
pressure(yhpotnesvie)
is very low.

• Before admission to the hospital, the

preoperati
patient had all ………………… (rpeorpateiv
ve
investigations done. e)

intravenous
• Postoperatively the patient was on …………
……… solutions.
(nitrvaenus
o)
 EXERCISE
-4-

Write the missing words on the

line.
• The combining form
gastr
…………………… Means the
stomach. o
….
• .…………
dysphagi
………………. Means pain or difficulty in
……..
a
swallowing.
………
inter
• The prefix ………….. Means between.
….
• .………
dysuri
…………. Means pain or difficulty in
passing
….
a urine.
intra
• The prefix
……………….. Means within or inside.
• .…………… …..
hypotensiv
……………………….. Means low blood
.……….
• pressure.
e
hyperventilati
…………………
……………………….. Means very fast
on
……..
breathing.
• The combining form
costo
…… ………… Means a rib.
….
 EXERCISE
-5-

Read the following passages

and then answer the questions
that follow.
A.
In the UK, about 1 in 6 adults has
persistent high blood pressure, also
known as hypertension. The condition
puts strain on the heart and arteries,
resulting in damage to delicate tissues.
If it is let untreated, hypertension may
eventually affect the eyes and kidneys.
The higher the blood pressure, the
greater the risk that complications such
as heart attacks, coronary artery
disease and stroke will develop. arab
ic
1. What does hypertension mean?
…………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
Hypertension means high blood
………………………
…………………
pressure.
1. How does hypertension affect the heart and
blood vessels?
The condition puts strain on the heart and
…………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………
arteries
………………………resulting in damage to delicate
………………………
tissues.
1. When may hypertension affect the eyes and
kidneys?
………………………………………………………
Hypertension may affect the eyes and the
…………………………………………………………
…………………….
kidneys if it is left untreated.
………………………
1. What are the complications of
hypertension?
……………………………………………………
Heart attack, coronary artery diseases,
…………………………………………………………
…………………….
and stroke.
………………
5. Find words in the text which are similar
in meaning to the followings:

• Excessive working of a muscle

…………………
strain………………
……………. ……..
• Continuing…………………
Persistent
…………………………………………
… ……..
• Relating to the arteries which supply blood
to the heart Coronary
muscles ……………………………
…………………
• ……… arteries
…….
A sudden attack of weakness affecting one
side of the body resulting from a cerebral
bleeding or………
stroke
blood clot in the brain …………
• …… ….. means high or excessive
A prefix which …………
hyper ……
…………. …
Anaemia is a deficiency or an
abnormality of haemoglobin, the
component of red blood cells that binds
with oxygen from the lungs and carries
it through the circulation to the body
tissues.
Red blood cells are manufactured in the
bone marrow and circulate in the blood
stream for about 120 days before they
are broken down in the spleen. Anaemia
can be diagnosed by blood tests to
measure the level of haemoglobin and
arab
to establish the type and cause of the
ic
anaemia.
1. What is the topic of this passage?
……………………
……………
Anaemia
….
1. What does hemoglobin do?
…………………………………………………………
Hemoglobin binds with red blood cells and
………………………
carries
………………. them through circulation to the body
tissues.
1. Where are red blood cells manufactured?
…………………………………………………………
Red blood cells are manufactured in the
…………………………………………………………
………………………
bone
………………..
1. Where marrow.
are red blood cells broken down?
…………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
Red blood cells are broken down in the
………………
………………….
spleen.
1. How is anaemia diagnosed?
…………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
Anaemia is diagnosed by blood tests.
………………
………
6. Find words in the text which are similar
in meaning to the followings:

• Not having enough of something

Deficiency………
-------------
…………. --
1. To identify a patient’s condition or illness
by examining the patient and notingDiagnos
------------
symptoms is
-
• To find out
To ………………………………..
--------------------
establish
 7. Identify the prefixes in the following
words and write their meanings on the lines
below:
An (no or without)
• Anaemia----------------------
…………………………

• Abnormality Ab (away
……………………………
--------------------
from)

• Diagnosis Dia (through or

…………………………………
-----------------------------------
complete)
 EXERCISE
-6-
Match the terms on the left
with their definitions on the
right. Put the correct letter in
the blank spaces.
Neuralgia …………..
1. a doctor who specializes in heart
Nephrectomy diseases. ………………………
Cardiac …….
2. ………………………
making an opening in the bladder
…….
Cardiologist 3. a surgical removal of ………………………
the kidney
…….
Angioplasty 4. a sever pain in the nerve ………………………
…….
Gastroscopy 5. a visual examination of the………………………
stomach
…….
6. a surgical repair of ………………………
the blood vissels
Tracheostomy …….
7. any disease of the kidney
Nephrosis
8. a surgical operation to make an
………………………
Gastritis …….
opening in the -------------
……………………… trachea.
Cystostomy …….
9. related to the heart. ………………………
…….
10. an inflammation of the stomach.
 EXERCISE
-7-

Choose the most appropriate

answer.
 ………………
• The patient has an tracheosto
urgent ……………
…..
……… to help him breathe.
my A tube
was inserted into the windpipe.

a. b.
colostomy tracheostomy
c. d.
gastrostomy cystostomy
• She doesn’t feel properly in her
right leg because of a …………
…………
neural
deficit. It seems that she has got
some nerve damage.

a. neural b. gastric

c. cardiac d. angiographic
• The cardiologist asked the patient
to have a/an …………………… to
angiogra
……………
examine the blood vissels of the
phy
……
heart.

a. b.
gastroscopy angiography
c. neuralgia d. nephrosis
• The patient had a chronic attack of
inflammation of the stomach. This …
gastriti
………
………………. Caused a permanent
…..
s
damage to the stomach.

a. b.
gastroscopy nephrosis
c. gastritis d. cardiology
• The results of the blood test show
that the level of …………………….. Is
…………
leukocy
very low. This makes the patient
……
tes
susceptible to infections.

a. b. gastritis
leukocytes
c. d.
angiograph neuralgia
 EXERCISE
-8-
Write the correct word or word
part on the line and then
combine them to form the new
word.
1. A visual examination of the
trachea.
• The combining form
………………………… means the
Trache/
trachea. ….
o
scopy
• The suffix………
…………… means visual
…
examination.

• The termtracheosco
……………
………………………. Means a visual
py
……of the trachea.
examination
2. A difficulty in breathing.

• The prefixdys
……
…………… means difficult.

pnea
• The suffix……
…………… means breathing.
…

• The term………dyspne
………………………. Means a
difficulty a
…..
in breathing
3. Pain in the stomach.

• The combining form

……… ……………… means the
Gastr/o
stomach. …..
algia
• The suffix……
…………… means pain.
…

• The termgastralgi
…………
………………………. Means pain in
a
…..
the stomach.
4. A surgical removal of the
kidney.
• The combining form
…………
……………… means the
nephr/o
kidney. …
ectom
• The suffix………
…………… means surgical
removal. y…

• The termnephrecto
……………
………………………. Means a
my
…….. of the kidney
surgical removal
5. An inflammation of the urinary
bladder.
• The combining form
………
……………… means the
cyst/o
urinary bladder. …
itis
• The suffix……
…………… means an
….
inflammation.

cystitis
• The term………
………………… Means an
…. of the urinary bladder.
inflammation
6. A doctor who specialises in
kidney diseases.
• The combining form
…………
……………… means the
Nephr/o
kidney. ….
logist
• The suffix
………
…………… means a person.
….

• The termnephrologis
……………
………………………. Means a doctor
t……. in kidney diseases.
who specialises
 EXERCISE
-9-

Which affix would you ……………

…………….
1. …………… use to give the prefix
hypo
………
hyper its opposite
….

a. dys b. inter

c. hypo d. ab
2. …………… use to give the opposite of
sub
……
supra.
…

a. poly b. intra

c. ad d. sub
 a
3. ………
…………… use to give the adjective
…
febrile its opposite.

a. dys b. a

c. ad d. super
4. ……………
hypo
…… add to the noun tension so
that
…. it means low blood pressure.

a. hyper b. hypo

c. inter d. intra
5. …………… add to the combining form
logy
……..
cardi/o so that it means the study of
the heart.

a. logy b. itis

c. ac d. ectomy
6. ……………
……
ous add to the noun vein so
that
… it means pertaining to the vein.

a. al b. ic

c. ous d. ive
 EXERCISE
-10 -

Read the following passages

and then answer the questions
that follow:
A.
Coronary angioplasty is used to widen
coronary arteries that are narrowed or
blocked by fatty deposits. The technique
may be carried out at the same time as
coronary angiography. Under local
anaesthesia, a guide wire is inserted
through the femoral artery in the groin
and up to the affected coronary artery.
A balloon catheter is passed up the wire,
and the balloon is inflated in the
narrowed area to widen it. arab
ic
1. What is the topic of this paragraph?
Coronary
………………………………
angioplasty
……………………………………………………..
……

a. Coronary angiography
b. Local
anesthesia
c. Coronary angioplasty
d. Coronary
arteries
1. How is coronary angioplasty
performed?
…………………………………
By a balloon catheter
……………………………………………………
………..

a. By a balloon b. By coronary
catheter angiography

c. By fatty d. By blocked
deposits arteries
1. Where is the balloon inflated?
In the narrowed
………………………
……………………………………………..
area
……….

a. In the b. In the
arteries guide wires
c. In the d. In the
femoral narrowed
artery area
4. Identify the suffixes in the following
words and write their meanings on the
lines below:

………
• Angioplasty:
Plasty
……………(surgical
repair)
….
………
graphy
• Angiography: ………………………………………
… (record)
….
• Femoral:…………………
al (pertaining
……………………………………………
…….. ………to)
• Anaesthesia:…………………………
ia
………………………………………
(state or
…….. …….
condition
B.
Gastritis, which is inflammation of the
stomach lining, is a common disorder.
More than half of the population over
the age of 50 have gastritis, although in
some cases there are no symptoms. The
disorder may be acute and have a
sudden onset, but it is more frequently
chronic, developing gradually over
months or years. The symptoms
commonly include discomfort in the
upper abdomen. The inflammation may
be complicated by bleeding fromarabthe
stomach. ic
Say whether each of the following
statements is true ( T ) or false ( F )
according to the passage.
…
F
• .………. Gastritis is a disorder which has no
symptoms.
• …
T
. ………. Two types of gastritis are mentioned
in the text
• …
T
. ……… in acute gastritis, the onset of the
disease is developing gradually over a long
• period
T
…
. ………. ofGastritis
time. may be complicated by
bleeding in the stomach.
• …
T
. ……….. The opposite of suddenly is
gradually.
• …
T
. ……….. The noun form of gastric is
stomach.
 ‫‪.A‬‬
‫في المملكة المتحدة‪ ,‬هناك حوالي ‪ 1‬من ‪ 6‬مصاب بارتفاع‬
‫ضغط الدم‪ ,‬المعروف ب (هايبرتنشن)‪ .‬هذا المرض يسبب‬
‫اجهاد القلب والشرايين‪ ,‬وينتج عنه تلف في النسجة الحساسة‬
‫في الجسم‪.‬‬
‫اذا ترك من دون علج‪ ,‬يؤثر على العينين والكليتين‪.‬‬
‫كلما ارتفع ضغط الدم أكثر‪ ,‬كلما كانت الخطورة بحدوث‬
‫المضاعفات اكبر مثل النوبة القلبية‪ ,‬وأمراض الشرايين‪,‬‬
‫والضربات الدماغية‪.‬‬

‫عودة الى السؤال‬

 ‫‪.B‬‬
‫فقر الدم (النيميا) هو عبارة عن نقص في الهيموجلوبين‬
‫المكون لكريات الدم الحمراء والذي يرتبط بالكسجين في الرئتين‬
‫ويحمله من خلل الدورة الدموية الى انسجة الجسم المختلفة‪.‬يتم‬
‫انتاج كريات الدم الحمراء في النخاع العظمي وتوزع الى مجرى‬
‫الدم في الدورة الدموية لمدة ‪ 120‬يوما ثم تبدأ بالتكسر في‬
‫الطحال‪ .‬يتم تشخيص فقر الدم عن طريق فحوصات الدم لقياس‬
‫كمية الهيموجلوبين ومن ثم تأسيس وتحديد نوع وسبب فقر‬
‫الدم‪.‬‬

‫عودة الى السؤال‬

 ‫‪.A‬‬
‫التقويم الوعائي يستخدم لتوسيع الشرايين التاجية المتضيقة او‬
‫المغلقة بسبب تراكم الدهون فيها‪ .‬قد تتم العملي في نفس الوقت‬
‫الذي تتم به عملية التصوير الوعائي‪ .‬باستخدام المخدر‬
‫الموضعي يتم ادخال سلك دليل من الشريان الفخذي الى المنطقة‬
‫او الشريان المصاب‪ .‬ثم يتم ادخال بالون الى ان يصل المنطقة‬
‫ثم يتم نفخ البالون لتوسيع المنطقة‪.‬‬

‫عودة الى السؤال‬

 ‫‪.B‬‬
‫اللتهاب المعدي الذي هو التهاب في بطانة المعدة مرض مشهور‬
‫وشائع واكثر من نصف سكان العالم الذين اعمارهم اكثر من‬
‫‪ 50‬سنة مصابون بهذا المرض على الرغم من ان معظم‬
‫الحللت ل تضهر عليهم العراض‪ .‬قد يكون هذا المرض حادا‬
‫يأتي فجاة وقد يكون مزمنا يتطور تدريجيا على فترة أشهر او‬
‫سنوات‪ .‬تشمل العراض ألم في اعلى البطن‪ .‬قد يتعقد المرض‬
‫مع وجود نزيف في المعدة‪.‬‬

‫عودة الى السؤال‬

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