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Introduction
From the forbay tank down to the turbine water is conveyed through the penstock.
Major components
Forbay Penstock value Vent pipe Support pier
Components..
Anchors Drain valve Air bleed value Bends Thrust block
Socket
Sleeve type
Components of penstock
Ki .Vi2 / 2.g
Results of 15
iterations 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Diameter (mm ) 300 310 315 320 325 330 335 340 350 355 360 365 370 375 380
iterations
V /(m/s) 5.9 5.5 5.3 5.22 5 4.9 4.7 4.6 4.3 4.2 4.1 4 3.9 3.8 3.7 %hf 6.82 5.77 5.36 4.91 4.55 4.23 3.73 3.50 3.00 2.82 2.59 2.45 2.27 2.14 1.95 15 12.7 11.8 10.8 10 9.3 8.2 7.7 6.6 6.2 5.7 5.4 5 4.7 4.3
hf / (m )
Compromize:
C = 1/ [ (1/k+D/E.t) ]
D diameter t Wall thickness E- Youngs modulus of elasticity K Bulk modulus of water density of water
Procedure: this is an iterative process 1 Estimate t 2 Calculate C, hmax , tmin 3 Compare t with tmin 4 If t < tmin increase t 5 if t > tmin reduce t close to tmin 6 Repeat 2 and 3
References :
Micro hydro power Adam Harvey ,Andrew Brown , Rod Edward , VAris Bokalders
Thank You !
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Results of iterations
1 Wall Thickness Diameter Velocity t= D= V= 5.00 380 3.70 1088.93 410.71 626.41 7.30 mm mm m/s m/s m m mm
2 Wall Thickness Diameter Velocity t= D= V= 7.30 380 3.70 1172.29 442.15 657.85 7.66 mm mm m/s m/s m m mm
3 Wall Thickness Diameter Velocity t= D= V= 7.66 380 3.70 1181.93 445.78 661.48 7.71 mm mm m/s m/s m m mm
4 Wall Thickness Diameter Velocity t= D= V= 7.71 380 3.70 1183.21 446.27 661.97 7.71 mm mm m/s m/s m m mm