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MAURICIO TREVIO SANCHEZ TECHNOLOGY 18/12/12

Endex
1- What is energy? 2- Concept of energy 3- Energy in various concepts 4-

Energy

The term energy (from the Greek / energeia, activity, operation, / energos = force action or work force) has different meanings and definitions related to the idea of a capacity to act, transforming or moving. In physics, "energy" is defined as the ability to do work. In technology and economy, "energy" refers to a natural resource (including associated technology) to extract, transform and give economic or industrial use.

The concept of energy in physics

Classical Mechanics In classical physics, the universal law of conservation of energy, which is the foundation of the first law of thermodynamics-indicates that the energy linked to an isolated system remains constant over time. That means that for many physical systems the sum of classical mechanical energy, thermal energy, electromagnetic energy, and other types of potential energy is a constant number. For example, the kinetic energy is quantified in terms of movement of the material, the properties as potential energy by the deformation state or position of the subject in relation to the forces acting on it, thermal energy according to the thermodynamic state, and chemical energy as chemical composition.

Quantum Mechanics However, it should be noted that according to the theory of relativity energy defined according to classical mechanics remains constant, but it is preserved in the massequivalent energy. That is, the theory of special relativity establishes an equivalence between mass and energy which all bodies, by virtue of being formed of matter, have additional energy equivalent, and considering the principle of conservation of energy this energy must be taken into account to obtain a conservation law (naturally counterpart mass is not conserved in relativity, but the only possibility for a conservation law is counting together the energy associated with the mass and other forms of energy).

Energy is a property of physical systems, not an actual physical state nor an "intangible substance." In classical mechanics is represented as a scalar quantity. Energy is a mathematical abstraction of a property of physical systems. For example, it can be said that a system with zero kinetic energy is at rest. In relativistic energy problems of a particle can not be represented by a scalar invariant, but the temporal component of a four-power-point (four-momentum), as different observers measure the same power if not move at the same speed with respect to the particle. Considering distributions of continuous material, the description is even more complicated and accurate description of the movement amount of energy and requires the use of energy-momentum tensor. It is used as an abstraction of physical systems because of the ease to work with scalar quantities, compared with the vector quantities such as speed or acceleration. For example, mechanical, can fully describe the dynamics of a system according to the kinetic energy, potential mechanical energy comprising, in the Newtonian property is preserved, ie be invariant over time. Mathematically, the conservation of energy for a system is a direct consequence of the evolution equations of the system are independent of the time instant considered, according to No ethers theorem.

Lightning is a form of power transmission.

Energy in various contexts

The concept of energy and its transformations is useful in explaining and predicting most natural phenomena. The direction of transformations in energy (what kind of energy is transformed to what other kind) is often described by entropy (equal energy spread among all available degrees of freedom) considerations, as in practice all energy transformations are permitted on a small scale, but certain larger transformations are not permitted because it is statistically unlikely that energy or matter will randomly move into more concentrated forms or smaller spaces. The concept of energy is widespread in all sciences.

In the context of chemistry, energy is an attribute of a substance as a consequence of its atomic, molecular or aggregate structure. Since a chemical transformation is accompanied by a change in one or more of these kinds of structure, it is invariably accompanied by an increase or decrease of energy of the substances involved. Some energy is transferred between the surroundings and the reactants of the reaction in the form of heat or light; thus the products of a reaction may have more or less energy than the reactants. A reaction is said to be exergonic if the final state is lower on the energy scale than the initial state; in the case of endergonic reactions the situation is the reverse. Chemical reactions are invariably not possible unless the reactants surmount an energy barrier known as the activation energy. The speed of a chemical reaction (at given temperature T) is related to the activation energy E, by the Boltzmann's population factor eE/kT that is the probability of molecule to have energy greater than or equal to E at the given temperature T. This exponential dependence of a reaction rate on temperature is known as the equation. The activation energy necessary for a chemical reaction can be in the form of thermal energy. In biology, energy is an attribute of all biological systems from the biosphere to the smallest living organism. Within an organism it is responsible for growth and development of a biological cell or an organelle of a biological organism. Energy is thus often said to be stored by cells in the structures of molecules of substances such as carbohydrates (including sugars), lipids, and proteins, which release energy when reacted with oxygen in respiration. In human terms, the human equivalent (H-e) (Human energy conversion) indicates, for a given amount of energy expenditure, the relative quantity of energy needed for human metabolism, assuming an average human energy expenditure of 12,500kJ per day and a basal metabolic rate of 80 watts. For example, if our bodies run (on average) at 80 watts, then a light bulb running at 100 watts is running at 1.25 human equivalents (100 80) i.e. 1.25 H-e. For a difficult task of only a few seconds' duration, a person can put out thousands of watts, many times the 746 watts in one official horsepower. For tasks lasting a few minutes, a fit human can generate perhaps 1,000 watts. For an activity that must be sustained for an hour, output drops to around 300; for an activity kept up all day, 150 watts is about the maximum.

Conservation of energy

Energy is subject to the law of conservation of energy. According to this law, energy can neither be created (produced) nor destroyed by itself. It can only be transformed. Most kinds of energy (with gravitational energy being a notable exception)[11] are subject to strict local conservation laws as well. In this case, energy can only be exchanged between adjacent regions of space, and all observers agree as to the volumetric density of energy in any given space. There is also a global law of conservation of energy, stating that the total energy of the universe cannot change; this is a corollary of the local law, but not vice versa.[7][12] Conservation of energy is the mathematical consequence of translational symmetry of time (that is, the in distinguish ability of time intervals taken at different time)[13] - see Noether's theorem. According to Conservation of energy the total inflow of energy into a system must equal the total outflow of energy from the system, plus the change in the energy contained within the system. This law is a fundamental principle of physics. It follows from the translational symmetry of time, a property of most phenomena below the cosmic scale that makes them independent of their locations on the time coordinate. Put differently, yesterday, today, and tomorrow are physically indistinguishable. This is because energy is the quantity which is canonical conjugate to time. This mathematical entanglement of energy and time also results in the uncertainty principle - it is impossible to define the exact amount of energy during any definite time interval. The uncertainty principle should not be confused with energy conservation - rather it provides mathematical limits to which energy can in principle be defined and measured.

Energy Conservation Ideas

1. 2. 3. 4.

Switch to energy-saving light bulbs throughout your home or office. Turn off the lights! Make sure lights are out every time you leave a room. Turn off ceiling fans when you leave a room. Install a programmable thermostat for your cooling/heating system to automatically adjust the temperature and maximize your energy savings. 5. Cool your home or office to a higher temperature, as even cooling to a few degrees warmer results in energy savings. Raise your thermostat to 80 degrees or above when youre away. 6. Heat your home or office to 68 degrees, lowering the temperature at night or when youre away. 7. Change your air conditioner filter once a month to maximize efficient use of your system. 8. Turn off computers when not in use and do not leave power cords for computers, cellular phones or other portable devices plugged in when not in use. They will be wasting energy and money. 9. Consider the use of solar energy panels. 10. Sign up for your power companys energy-saving plan.

Conclusion

My conclusion is that we need to take care of the electricity because its too much the electricity we are consuming. And also conserve the energy for the future generations.

Reference sources

All information I get its from Wikipedia. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy Link: http://html.rincondelvago.com/energia_10.html