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Table of Contents
Chapter One: Self-Cleaning Windows: Opportunity Analysis and Background to Report............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Why Self-Cleaning Windows are an Emerging Market Opportunity ................. 1 1.1.1 Improving Self-Cleaning Windows Technology ................................................ 1 1.1.2 Impetus for Self-Cleaning Comes from Key Windows Industry Trends ............ 2 1.1.3 Investment Outlook for Self-Cleaning Windows ............................................... 3 1.1.4 A Future for Self-Cleaning Windows ................................................................ 4 1.2 Objective and Scope of this Report .................................................................... 5
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Chapter Two: Rival Technologies and Products for Self-Cleaning Glass ................. 6 2.1 Types of Self-Cleaning Windows Technologies and Products ......................... 6 2.1.1 Market Messaging for Self-Cleaning Windows ................................................. 6 2.2 Hydrophobic Self-Cleaning Windows ................................................................. 7 2.2.1 Market Related Advantages and Disadvantages of Hydrophobic Windows ..... 8 2.3 Hydrophilic Self-Cleaning Windows ................................................................... 8 2.3.1 Photocatalysis Stage ....................................................................................... 8 2.3.2 Hydrophilic Cleaning Stage.............................................................................. 9 2.3.3 Advantages and Disadvantages of Hydrophilic Windows ................................. 9 2.4 A Note on ETFE .................................................................................................. 10 2.5 Research and Development Trends ................................................................. 10 2.6 Players and Products in the Self-Cleaning Glass: Industry Structure .......... 11 2.6.1 Coatings Firms: Products and Strategies for Self-Cleaning Windows ............ 11 2.6.2 Major Glass Makers: Products and Strategies for Self-Cleaning Windows ..... 13 2.7 Balcony Systems Solutions: BalcoNano (U.K.) .............................................. 13 2.8 Cardinal Glass Industries: Neat Glass (U.S.) .................................................. 14 2.8.1 Technology ................................................................................................... 14 2.9 Cyndan Chemicals: Vitroglaze (Australia)....................................................... 15 2.9.1 Technology .................................................................................................... 15 2.10 Hypho Technology: Uri-pel (Singapore) ........................................................ 15 2.11 International Trading and Consulting: NanoCoat (Australia) ....................... 16 2.12 Lotus Leaf Coatings: LotusShield and Hydrophil (U.S.) .............................. 16 2.12.1 LotusShield .................................................................................................. 16 2.12.2 Hydrophil ..................................................................................................... 17
2.13 NanoPhos: SurfaShield (Greece) ................................................................... 17 2.14 nanoShell (U.K.) .............................................................................................. 17 2.14.1 nanoShell Glass .......................................................................................... 17 2.14.2 nanoShell Solar PV...................................................................................... 17 2.15 nGimat (U.S.) .................................................................................................... 18 Page | ii 2.16 NSG/Pilkington: Activ (Japan/U.K.)............................................................... 18 2.16.1 Technology .................................................................................................. 18 2.16.2 The Activ Product Range ............................................................................. 18 2.17 PPG Industries: SunClean (U.S.) .................................................................... 19 2.17.1 Technology .................................................................................................. 19 2.17.2 SunClean Recently Offered for Commercial Applications ............................ 20 2.18 RainAway Nanotechnology: RainAway Nano Self-Cleaning Glass Coat (Malaysia) ................................................................................................................. 20 2.19 Reactive Surfaces: DeGreez (U.S.) ................................................................. 20 2.20 Saint-Gobain: Aquaclean and Bioclean (France) .......................................... 20 2.20.1 Bioclean....................................................................................................... 21 2.21 Shanghai Huzheng Nano Technology (China) ............................................... 21 2.22 Viridian Glass ................................................................................................... 21 2.23 Opportunities for Self-Cleaning Coatings in Solar Panels ............................ 22 2.23.1 Technologies Used ...................................................................................... 22
Chapter Three: Self-Cleaning Windows: Applications and Forecasts ..................... 25 3.1 Creating an Analytical Framework for the Self-Cleaning Windows Sector .... 25 3.1.1 Macroeconomic Assumptions ........................................................................ 25 3.1.2 Assumptions About the Construction Industry ............................................... 25 3.1.3 Secondary Sources of Information ................................................................. 26 3.2 Key Selling Features and Value Propositions for Self-Cleaning Windows .... 26 3.2.1 Convenience-Justified Adoption of Self-Cleaning Windows ........................... 27 3.2.2 Visibility-Justified Adoption of Self-Cleaning Windows ................................... 27 3.3 Limitations on the Market for Self-Cleaning Windows: ................................... 28 3.3.1 Climate-Related Limitations ........................................................................... 28 3.3.2 Limitations Deriving from the Location of the Facility ..................................... 28 3.3.3 "Chemical" Limitations on the Market for Self-Cleaning Windows .................. 29 3.4 Analysis and Eight-Year Forecast of End User Markets for Self-Cleaning Windows Markets..................................................................................................... 29 3.4.1 Breakout of Self-Cleaning Windows Market by Type of Building .................... 31
3.4.2 Breakout of Self-Cleaning Windows Market by Retrofits/New Builds ............. 32 3.4.3 Breakout of Self-Cleaning Windows Market by Technology ........................... 33 3.5 Future Enhanced Markets for Self-Cleaning Windows .................................... 34 3.5.1 Solar Panels and Self-Cleaning Windows ...................................................... 34 3.5.2 Other Enhanced/Multi-Functional Self-Cleaning Windows ............................. 34 Page | iii 3.5.3 Eight-Year Forecast of Enhanced Self-Cleaning Windows ............................ 35 Acronyms and Abbreviations Used In this Report ................................................ 38 About the Author ..................................................................................................... 38
List of Exhibits
Exhibit 2-1: How Self-Cleaning Glass Fits into Current Energy and Other "Megatrends" . 7 Exhibit 2-2: Selected R &D Trends and Institutions in Self-Cleaning Glass .................... 10 Exhibit 2-3: Players and Products in the Self-Cleaning Windows Space ........................ 11 Exhibit 2-4: Self-Cleaning Coatings Firms: Comparative Listing ................................... 12 Exhibit 2-5: Self-Cleaning Windows Firms: Comparative Listing ................................... 13 Exhibit 2-6: Pilkington Activ Product Range ................................................................... 19 Exhibit 3-1: Core Selling Features for Self-Cleaning Windows ....................................... 27 Exhibit 3-3: Analysis of Self-Cleaning Windows Market by Type of Building ($ Millions) 31 Exhibit 3-4: Analysis of Self-Cleaning Windows Market by Retrofit/New Builds ($ Millions) .............................................................................................................................. 32 Exhibit 3-5: Analysis of Self-Cleaning Windows Market by Technology ($ Millions) ....... 33 Exhibit 3-6: Analysis of Self-Cleaning Windows Market by Levels/Type of Integration ($ Millions) ............................................................................................................. 35
Is there a real chance that these kinds of windows will have more market success in a near-tomedium term timeframe? Self-cleaning windows are obviously potentially useful. Thus on the demand side of the equation, there does not seem to be a need for a detailed explanation of why self-cleaning windows would be desirable, although we do note that certain demographic changes (notably aging populations), seem to favor the need for self-cleaning windows. NanoMarkets believes that there are, however, indications that self-cleaning windows have a bright future. The trends that impress us here are mostly technological in nature, but this shouldn't be taken to mean that they are restricted in some sense to what is going on in an industrial lab. On the contrary, what we are seeing are signs that there is a growing technological impetus behind self-cleaning windows that will enable them to meet their "obvious" market potential. NanoMarkets believes that these newer technologiesand riffs on older technologieswill (1) improve the performance standards for self-cleaning windows and (2) make such windows more affordable. In other words, we think there is a good chance that over the next few years, self-cleaning window technology can be improved to a point where such improvements have a positive impact on sales of such windows. In addition, there are signs that investment money may be available for selfcleaning windows. At the very least in today's capital rationing environment, self-cleaning windows products and companies have a better than average chance of getting funding.
The need for more research into self-cleaning functionality is clear to most of the players in this space and in this context we note that the current technology for self-cleaning windows pre-dates the rush of interest in advanced materials in general and nanomaterials specifically; nanomaterials seeming to have a great deal of relevance to the technical issues at stake with selfcleaning windows. In fact, when the commercialization of nanomaterialsand nanotechnology was just getting going a decade agoself-cleaning surfaces was an area of strong interest. Page | 2 Although not always at the forefront of advanced materials research, a review of the relevant research periodicals quickly reveals that R&D into (1) the fundamental mechanisms of selfcleaning and (2) characterizations of new coatings is regularly published in the primary literature. Also, it is our impression that this R&D work is not just science project stuff, but has direct relevance to building better self-cleaning windows in a few years. It should also be noted that this R&D also has broader intentions. While self-cleaning windows have been around for a decade, self-cleaning surfaces are now seen as a larger market, addressing other kinds of non-window glass (display glass, for example) and non-glass surfaces (aluminum siding, for instance). Although perhaps stretching a point, this whole area may be seen as part of a larger smart materials research program. In any case, the self-cleaning windows market seems sure to benefit from the increased attention being given to self-cleaning in the technologist community, which, we think will eventually manifest itself in greater customer awareness and interest in the self-cleaning concept. This in turn will increase markets and open up new opportunities for weaving novel marketing strategies around self-cleaning surfaces of all kinds, including windows. A note on self-cleaning windows and self-cleaning solar panels: We note in particular, that attempts to use self-cleaning technology for solar panels are especially closely related to selfcleaning windows. This is because solar panels use similar materials and are of similar sizes to windows. They also have to deal with similar environmental conditions. Keeping a solar panel clean is important because it directly impacts the efficiency of the panel; efficiency being the most important performance. Given all this, we expect there to be a significant amount of cross-fertilization been the windows and solar panel markets when it comes to technology and product development. This is in addition to likely development of integrated products that offer PV, windows and self-cleaning functionality, all in one "package."
1.1.2 Impetus for Self-Cleaning Comes from Key Windows Industry Trends
Self-cleaning windows are mostly seen at the present as a little market niche that remains somewhat separate from the rest of the windows market. Although it might be a little unfair to think of self-cleaning windows at the present time as being luxury products, they do seem to trend in that direction. Nonetheless, NanoMarkets believes that two key trends are going to drag self-cleaning windows into the windows mainstream in the not-too-distant future and these trends will cause selfcleaning windows to emerge from their niche-like status:
The first of these trends is towards smart windows. Smart windows can involve active technology or may be passive film technology. In the glazing industry "smart windows" are often referred to by a near synonym, "smart glazing." Smart windows as usually understood are primarily concerned with dimming or brightening windows automatically. This is not just to keep buildings appropriately lit, but Page | 3 also to control energy requirements; lowering both operational and capital costs for HVAC. Although smart windows technology has actually been around for some time, it has received a major impetus from green building concepts and codes such as LEED, zero-energy building and passive solar. For example, zero-energy and passive solar buildings require very careful adjustment of solar intake to be viable NanoMarkets believes that self-cleaning windows may receive an impetus from these developments. Shading and dimming of windows is obviously dependent on the light transmission capabilities of the windows and these can be impacted by the cleanliness of the windows.
The second of these trends is toward multi-functional windows. NanoMarkets foresees the growing incorporation of photovoltaic (BIPV), lighting and other functionality into high end windows over a period of time. Self-cleaning windows would fit very neatly into this trend. The overall driver for multi-functional windows is (1) the "green building" drivers mentioned above in connection with smart windows, and (2) the cost benefits associated with any kind of functional integration.
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The mainstreaming of self-cleaning windows if it occurs to the degree that we expect, should also enable more sophisticated marketing and supply chain strategies to be deployed. We would expect self-cleaning windows to become more widely available through regular windows supply channels, for example. In addition, we expect to see more all-embracing marketing messaging such as self-cleaning windows being marketed as an insurance policy to protect the investments made in building infrastructure for energy savings.