Annotated Bibliography Nhien Le English 1102 Miss Bright Benward, Bruce. Music in Theory and Practice: Workbook.

Dubuque, Iowa: W.C. Brown, 1985. Print. Bruce Benward is one of the most well respected music theory scholars in the world. The way he wrote about his knowledge of music theory is phenomenal; he presents the complex subject that is music theory to the reader in a simple fashion. I went over the workbook which accompanies his textbook on music theory; the exercises and reinforcement of the material gone over in the textbook gives you practice on a topic that is not easily practiced. There are also tips to help the reader understand things like harmonic progressions, chord progressions, scales, tonal harmonies, etc. This source is useful for my own personal knowledge and for my paper. The author is also very reputable so I know for a fact that it is trustworthy. Copland, Aaron. What to Listen for in Music. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1957. 9-127. Print. This book is probably the most in depth about music theory and the major components that are part of it. In each chapter Copland explains what he is discussing and how it is used in songs, he uses mostly classical and jazz composers in his examples of their presence in music. The four essential elements of music according to the author are rhythm, melody, harmony and tone color. When Copland does go underneath the avalanche and attempts to explain to the reader what they should listen for in rhythm, melody, harmony, tone color, etc. he befuddles the average reader and uses a lot of jargon that average musicians and non-musicians would struggle with. Aside from all of that it is a well written book and will help immensely with my paper.

Frampton, Dia. Interview by Bryan Stars. Meg & Dia Frampton Interview Warped Tour 2009 Youtube. 26 Aug. 2009. Web. 10 Oct. 2012

Frederick, Robin. "Notes On Songwriting." How to Write a Song. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Oct. 2012. <http://www.robinfrederick.com/write.html>. There are many parts of music in a song; it is not just limited to vocal melodies and instruments. The website article focuses on the basics of writing the lyrics of a song. But unlike other articles this one goes into depth with techniques to use such as imagery and learning from hit songs; there are also examples to help you get started immediately writing a song. I have matured as a

songwriter and have used this website for my personal development in penning lyrics for songs of my own. Some of the techniques that I have read from Robin Fredericks advice have been incorporated into my own process of writing songs. As a musician and songwriter I constantly look for new ways to improve myself, this website helped improve myself and sped up my progress as a lyricist. Robin Frederick is a respectable person in the music industry, she is the Director of A&R at Rhino Records so the information she chooses to share is not only reliable but valuable. Maybe mention the author more towards the beginning

Juslin, Patrik N, and John A. Sloboda. Music and Emotion: Theory and Research. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001. Print.

Lena, Jennifer C. Banding Together: How Communities Create Genres in Popular Music. Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press, 2012. Print.

Ogden, James R., Denise T. Ogden, and Karl Long. "Music Marketing: A History and Landscape." Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services 18.2 (2011): 120-25. Print. Music marketing is how songs are marketed or presented to audiences. This scholarly article written by James R. Ogden, Denise T. Ogden and Karl Long goes into the history and reasoning of music popularity. One of the main points this article makes is how music is reliant on technology to expand. If not for music marketing and its growth, then music would not have become one of the forefronts in massive media culture. The applications of music marketing are imperative to a musician and his music, it is not just about the art, it is also about how you are presented and viewed by your audience. I find this source useful for not just my paper, I can use this information in my music career; it was written recently in 2011 so I can trust that it is updated information. Add more on how the sources will help specifically Great summaries Double space Indents