MANILA TYTANA COLLEGES Manila Doctors College of Nursing Pres. Diosdado Macapagal Blvd.

, Metropolitan Park, Pasay City COURSE OUTLINE COURSE TITLE COURSE CODE COURSE DESCRIPTION : : THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS IN NURSING TFN

: This course deals with the meta-concepts of a person, health, environment and nursing as viewed by the different theorists. Likewise, it includes non-nursing theories such as systems, developmental and change theories. It presents how these concepts and theories serve as guide to nursing practice. It further deals with health as a multi factorial phenomenon and the necessary core competencies that the nurse need to develop. : : : : : 3 units Psychology 1st Year, 1st Semester 54 Lecture hours At the end of the course and given case scenarios, the

CREDIT UNITS PRE-REQUISITE PLACEMENT NO. OF HOURS TERMINAL COMPETENCIES student should be able to:

Cognitive 1. Differentiate the views given by various nursing theorists on person, health, environment, and nursing. 2. Describe the various nursing and non nursing theories as applied to the nursing practice. 3. Imbibe the values of teamwork, respect, love of God, integrity, caring, and other values essential to the nursing profession 4. Develop a deeper awareness of his/her rights, duties, and responsibilities to God, country, and the world. Psychomotor 5. Utilize selected nursing and non nursing theories in the care of clients. 1. Demonstrate selected competencies under eleven key areas of responsibilities pertinent to nursing Affective 1. Relate with client(s) and their family and the health team appropriately. 2. Observe biothetical concepts/principles, core values and nursing standards in the care of clients 3. Manifest core values of nursing and the College

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Time Allotment Week 1 3 Hours

LEARNING CONTENT I. MTC VMO A. Vision B. Mission C. Core Values 1. Caring 2. Competent 3. Committed 4. Culturally-adaptive 5. Creative 6. Competitive Advantage Academic Requirements A. Grading System B. Class Standing C. Attendance D. Major Examinations E. Other requirements F. Textbooks and References Academic Policies A. Absences and Tardiness B. Classroom Routine C. Examination Policies and Procedures D. Classroom Behavior E. Evaluating Students Progress F. Consultation G. Subject Head and Mentoring Diagnostic Examination and Rationalization

II.

III.

IV.

Week 2 3 hours

INTRODUCTION TO NURSING THEORY I. II. III. History of Nursing Theory Significance of Nursing Theory A. Discipline B. Profession Components/Elements of Nursing Theory A. Purpose B. Concepts C. Propositions D. Definitions E. Assumptions Uses of Nursing Theory Analysis of Nursing Theory A. Clarity B. Simplicity C. Generality D. Empirical Precision E. Derivable Consequences The Nursing Theory Page 2 of 21

IV. V.

VI.

A. Fundamental Beliefs in Nursing 1. Logical Positivism 2. Empiricism 3. Historicism 4. Human Science 5. Ethics 6. Metaphysics 7. Epistemology, ontology, aesthetics

B. Types/Classification 1. According to Level of Abstraction a. Grand Theory b. Middle-Range Theory c. Situation-specific Theory 2. According to Goal Orientation a. Descriptive Theory b. Prescriptive Theory C. Metaparadigms of Nursing 1. Health 2. Human 3. Environment 4. Nursing CLIENT-CENTERED NURSING THEORIES I. Florence Nightingale: Environmental Model 1859 A. The Theorist B. The Theory 1. Phenomenon 2. Idea 3. The Metaparadigms a. Person b. Health c. Environment d. Nursing 4. Key Concepts a. Health of Houses b. Ventilation and Warming c. Light d. Noise e. Variety f. Bed and Bedding g. Cleanliness of Rooms and Walls h. Personal Cleanliness i. Nutrition and Taking Food j. Chattering Hopes and Advices k. Observation of the Sick l. Social Considerations 5. Propositions 6. Assumptions 7. External Variables 8. Facts, Principles & Laws 9. Theory Application a. Nursing Practice b. Nursing Education c. Nursing Research 10.Theory Analysis a. Simplicity b. Generality c. Empirical Precision Page 3 of 21

Week 3 3 hours

II.

Virginia Henderson: Definition of Nursing 1955 A. The Theorist B. The Theory 1. Phenomenon 2. Idea

3. The Metaparadigms a. Person b. Health c. Environment d. Nursing 4. Key Concepts a. Breathe Normally b. Eat and Drink adequately c. Eliminate Body wastes d. Move and maintain desirable position e. Sleep and rest f. Select suitable clothes dress and undress g. Maintain body temperature within normal range by adjusting and modifying the environment h. Keep the body clean and well-groomed and protect the integument i. Avoid dangers in the environment and avoid injuring others j. Communicate with others by expressing emotions, needs, fears, or opinions k. Worship according to ones faith l. Work in such a way that there is a sense of accomplishment m. Play or participate in various forms of recreation n. Learn, discover, or satisfy the curiosity that leads to normal development and health, and use the available health facilities 5. Propositions 6. Assumptions 7. Facts, Principles, Laws 8. Theory Application a. Nursing Practice b. Nursing Education c. Nursing Research 11.Theory Analysis a. Simplicity b. Generality c. Empirical Precision III. Faye Glenn Abdellah: Patient-Centered Approaches Theory 1960 A. The Theorist B. The Theory 1. Phenomenon 2. Idea 3. The Metaparadigms a. Person b. Health c. Environment d. Nursing 4. Key Concepts a. To maintain good hygiene and physical comfort b. To promote optimal activity: exercise, rest and sleep Page 4 of 21

c. To promote safety through prevention of accident and injury or other trauma and through the prevention of the spread of infection d. To maintain good body mechanics and prevent and correct deformity e. To facilitate the maintenance of a supply of oxygen to all body cells f. To facilitate the maintenance of nutrition of all body cells g. To facilitate the maintenance of elimination h. To facilitate the maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance i. To recognize the physiological responses of the body to disease conditions pathological, physiological, and compensatory j. To facilitate the maintenance of regulatory mechanisms and functions k. To facilitate the maintenance of sensory function l. To identify and accept positive and negative expressions, feelings and reactions

5. 6. 7. 8.

9.

m. To identify and accept inter-relatedness of emotions and organic illness n. To facilitate maintenance of effective and verbal and non-verbal communication o. To promote development of productive interrelationships p. To facilitate the progress toward achievement and spiritual goals q. To create and maintain a therapeutic environment r. To facilitate awareness of self as an individual with varying needs physical, emotional and developmental needs s. To accept the optimum goals in the light of limitations, physical and emotional t. To use community resources as an aid in resolving problems arising problems u. To understand the role of social problems as influencing factors in the case of illness Propositions Assumptions Facts, Principles, Laws Theory Application a. Nursing Practice b. Nursing Education c. Nursing Research Theory Analysis a. Simplicity b. Generality c. Empirical Precision

Week 4 3 hours

IV.

Dorothea Orem: Theory of Self-Care Deficit 1971 A. The Theorist B. The Theory 1. Phenomenon 2. Idea 3. The Metaparadigms a. Person b. Health c. Environment Page 5 of 21

d. Nursing 4. Key Concepts a. Self-Care b. Self-Care Agency c. Self-Care Demand d. Self-Care Deficit e. Therapeutic Self-Care f. Nursing Agency g. Nursing Systems 5. Propositions 6. Assumptions 7. Facts, Principles, Laws 8. Theory Application a. Nursing Practice b. Nursing Education c. Nursing Research 9. Theory Analysis a. Simplicity b. Generality c. Empirical Precision

V.

Myra Estrine Levine: Conservation Principles: A Model for Health - 1969 A. The Theorist B. The Theory 1. Phenomenon 2. Idea 3. The Metaparadigms a. Person b. Health c. Environment d. Nursing 4. Key Concepts a. Wholeness/Holism b. Adaptation c. Conservation d. Conservation of Energy e. Conservation of Structural Integrity f. Conservation of Personal Integrity g. Conservation of Social Integrity 5. Propositions 6. Assumptions 7. Facts, Principles, Laws 8. Theory Application a. Nursing Practice b. Nursing Education c. Nursing Research 9. Theory Analysis a. Simplicity b. Generality c. Empirical Precision

Week 5 3 hours

VI.

Sis. Calista Roy A. The Theorist B. The Theory 1. Phenomenon Page 6 of 21

2. Idea 3. The Metaparadigms a. Person b. Health c. Environment d. Nursing 4. Key Concepts a. Adaptation b. System c. Adaptation Level d. Adaptation Problems e. Focal Stimulus f. Contextual Stimuli g. Residual Stimuli h. Coping Process i. Innate Coping Mechanism j. Acquired Coping Mechanism k. Regulator Subsystem l. Cognator Subsystem m. Adaptive Responses n. Ineffective Responses o. Integrated Life Process p. Physiological-Physical Mode q. Self-Concept-Group Identity Mode r. Role Function Mode

5. 6. 7. 8.

9.

s. Interdependence Mode t. Perception Propositions Assumptions Facts, Principles, Laws Theory Application a. Nursing Practice b. Nursing Education c. Nursing Research Theory Analysis a. Simplicity b. Generality c. Empirical Precision

VII.

Lydia Hall: Care, Core Cure Model 1964 A. The Theorist B. The Theory 1. Phenomenon 2. Idea 3. The Metaparadigms a. Person b. Health c. Environment d. Nursing 4. Key Concepts a. Care b. Core c. Cure 5. Propositions 6. Assumptions 7. Facts, Principles, Laws 8. Theory Application a. Nursing Practice b. Nursing Education c. Nursing Research 9. Theory Analysis Page 7 of 21

a. Simplicity b. Generality c. Empirical Precision Week 6 3 hours Week 7 3 hours Preliminary Examination with Rationalization

NURSE-CLIENT DYNAMICS THEORIES I. Betty Neuman: Neuman Syystems Model 1974 A. The Theorist B. The Theory 1. Phenomenon 2. Idea 3. The Metaparadigms a. Person b. Health c. Environment d. Nursing 4. Key Concepts a. Wholistic Approach b. Open System c. Environment d. Created Environment

5. 6. 7. 8.

9.

e. Client System f. Wellness g. Illness h. Stressors i. Degree of Reaction j. Prevention as Intervention k. Reconstitution Propositions Assumptions Facts, Principles, Laws Theory Application a. Nursing Practice b. Nursing Education c. Nursing Research Theory Analysis a. Simplicity b. Generality c. Empirical Precision

II.

Madeleine Leininger: Culture Care: Diversity and Universality 1985 A. The Theorist B. The Theory 1. Phenomenon 2. Idea 3. The Metaparadigms a. Person b. Health c. Environment d. Nursing 4. Key Concepts a. Human Care and Caring b. Culture c. Culture Care d. Culture Care Diversity Page 8 of 21

5. 6. 7. 8.

9.

e. Culture Care Universality f. Worldview g. Cultural and Social Structure Dimensions h. Environmental Context i. Ethnohistory j. Emic k. Etic l. Health m. Transcultural Nursing n. Culture Care Preservation or Maintenance o. Culture Care Accommodation or Negotiation p. Culture Care Repatterning or Restructuring q. Culturally Competent Nursing Care Propositions Assumptions Facts, Principles, Laws Theory Application a. Nursing Practice b. Nursing Education c. Nursing Research Theory Analysis a. Simplicity b. Generality c. Empirical Precision

Week 8 3 hours

III.

Dorothy Johnson: Behavioral Systems Model - 1968 A. The Theorist B. The Theory 1. Phenomenon 2. Idea 3. The Metaparadigms a. Person b. Health c. Environment d. Nursing 4. Key Concepts a. Patient Behavioral System b. Structural Characteristics c. Functional Requirements 5. Propositions 6. Assumptions 7. Facts, Principles, Laws 8. Theory Application a. Nursing Practice b. Nursing Education c. Nursing Research 9. Theory Analysis a. Simplicity b. Generality c. Empirical Precision Hildegard Peplau: Interpersonal Relations 1952 A. The Theorist B. The Theory 1. Phenomenon 2. Idea 3. The Metaparadigms a. Person b. Health c. Environment Page 9 of 21

IV.

d. Nursing 4. Key Concepts a. Four Phases of Nurse-Patient Relationship b. Six Nursing Roles c. Four Psychobiological Experiences 5. Propositions 6. Assumptions 7. Facts, Principles, Laws 8. Theory Application a. Nursing Practice b. Nursing Education c. Nursing Research 9. Theory Analysis a. Simplicity b. Generality c. Empirical Precision

V.

Ida Jean Orlando: Nursing Process Theory 1961 A. The Theorist B. The Theory 1. Phenomenon 2. Idea

3. The Metaparadigms a. Person b. Health c. Environment d. Nursing 4. Key Concepts a. Nurses Responsibility b. Need c. Presenting Behavior of Patients d. Immediate Reactions e. Nursing Process Discipline f. Purpose of Nursing g. Automatic Nursing Action h. Deliberative Nursing Action 5. Propositions 6. Assumptions 7. Facts, Principles, Laws 8. Theory Application a. Nursing Practice b. Nursing Education c. Nursing Research 9. Theory Analysis a. Simplicity b. Generality c. Empirical Precision

Week 9 3 hours

VI.

Imogene King: Theory of Goal Attainment 1971 A. The Theorist B. The Theory 1. Phenomenon 2. Idea 3. The Metaparadigms a. Person b. Health c. Environment Page 10 of 21

d. Nursing 4. Key Concepts a. Health b. Nursing c. Self 5. Propositions 6. Assumptions 7. Facts, Principles, Laws 8. Theory Application a. Nursing Practice b. Nursing Education c. Nursing Research 9. Theory Analysis a. Simplicity b. Generality c. Empirical Precision VII. Jean Watson: Theory of Human Caring 1979 A. The Theorist B. The Theory 1. Phenomenon 2. Idea

3. The Metaparadigms e. Person f. Health g. Environment h. Nursing 4. Key Concepts a. Ten Carative Factors b. Clinical Caritas Processes 5. Propositions 6. Assumptions 7. Facts, Principles, Laws 8. Theory Application d. Nursing Practice e. Nursing Education f. Nursing Research 9. Theory Analysis d. Simplicity e. Generality f. Empirical Precision VIII. Martha Rogers: Science of Unitary Human Beings 1970 A. The Theorist B. The Theory 1. Phenomenon 2. Idea 3. The Metaparadigms a. Person b. Health c. Environment d. Nursing 4. Key Concepts a. Energy Field b. Pattern c. Universe of Open Systems d. Pandimensionality Page 11 of 21

5. 6. 7. 8.

Propositions Assumptions Facts, Principles, Laws Theory Application a. Nursing Practice b. Nursing Education c. Nursing Research 9. Theory Analysis a. Simplicity b. Generality c. Empirical Precision

Week 10 3 hours

IX.

Anne Boykin and Savine Schoenhoffer: Theory of Nursing as Caring 1993 A. The Theorist B. The Theory 1. Phenomenon 2. Idea 3. The Metaparadigms a. Person b. Health c. Environment d. Nursing

4. Key Concepts a. Focus and Intention of Nursing b. Person c. Nursing Situation d. Story as Method for Knowing Nursing e. Personhood f. Direct Invitation g. Call for Nursing h. Caring Between i. Nursing Response 5. Propositions 6. Assumptions 7. Facts, Principles, Laws 8. Theory Application a. Nursing Practice b. Nursing Education c. Nursing Research 9. Theory Analysis a. Simplicity b. Generality c. Empirical Precision X. Ernestine Weidenbach: Prescriptive Theory A. The Theorist B. The Theory 1. Phenomenon 2. Idea 3. The Metaparadigms a. Person b. Health c. Environment d. Nursing 4. Key Concepts a. Nursing Page 12 of 21

5. 6. 7. 8.

9.

b. Goal of Nursing c. Health d. Environment e. Human Being f. Nursing Client g. Nursing Problem h. Nursing Process i. Nurse-Patient Relations j. Nursing Therapeutics k. Focus of Nursing Propositions Assumptions Facts, Principles, Laws Theory Application a. Nursing Practice b. Nursing Education c. Nursing Research Theory Analysis a. Simplicity b. Generality c. Empirical Precision

XI.

Joyce Travelbee: Human-to-Human Relationship Model 1971 A. The Theorist B. The Theory 1. Phenomenon 2. Idea 3. The Metaparadigms a. Person b. Health c. Environment d. Nursing 4. Key Concepts a. Purpose of Nursing b. Disciplined Intellectual Approach c. Therapeutic Use of Self d. Human-to-Human Relationships 5. Propositions 6. Assumptions 7. Facts, Principles, Laws 8. Theory Application a. Nursing Practice b. Nursing Education c. Nursing Research 9. Theory Analysis a. Simplicity b. Generality c. Empirical Precision

Week 11 3 hours

XII.

Rosemarie Rizzo Parse: Theory of Human Becoming 1981 A. The Theorist B. The Theory 1. Phenomenon Page 13 of 21

2. Idea 3. The Metaparadigms a. Person b. Health c. Environment d. Nursing 4. Key Concepts a. Meaning b. Transcendence c. Rhythmicity d. Human Becoming 5. Propositions 6. Assumptions 7. Facts, Principles, Laws 8. Theory Application a. Nursing Practice b. Nursing Education c. Nursing Research 9. Theory Analysis a. Simplicity b. Generality c. Empirical Precision XIII. Josephine Paterson: Humanistic Nursing 1976 A. The Theorist B. The Theory 1. Phenomenon 2. Idea 3. The Metaparadigms a. Person b. Health c. Environment d. Nursing 4. Key Concepts a. Nursing b. Goal of Nursing c. Health d. Environment e. Human Being f. Nursing Client g. Nursing Problem h. Nursing Process i. Nurse-Patient Relations j. Nursing Therapeutics k. Focus of Nursing 5. Propositions 6. Assumptions 7. Facts, Principles, Laws 8. Theory Application a. Nursing Practice b. Nursing Education c. Nursing Research 9. Theory Analysis a. Simplicity b. Generality c. Empirical Precision Week 12 3 hours Week 13 Page 14 of 21 Midterm Examination with Rationalization

3 hours

DEVELOPMENTAL THEORIES I. Erik Erickson: Psychosocial Stages of Development A. The Theorist B. The Theory 1. Historical Perspective 2. Key Concepts a. Trust vs. Mistrust b. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt c. Initiative vs. Guilt d. Industry vs. Inferiority e. Identity vs. Role Confusion f. Intimacy vs. Isolation g. Generativity vs. Stagnation h. Integrity vs. Despair 3. Strengths and Weaknesses 4. Theory Application a. Nursing Practice b. Nursing Education c. Nursing Research 5. Comparison with other Developmental Theories Sigmund Freud: Psychosexual Theory A. The Theorist B. The Theory 1. Historical Perspective 2. Key Concepts: Stages of Development a. Oral b. Anal c. Phallic d. Latency e. Genital 3. Strengths and Weaknesses 4. Theory Application a. Nursing Practice b. Nursing Education c. Nursing Research 5. Comparison with other Developmental Theories III. Jean Piaget: Cognitive Development Theory A. The Theorist B. The Theory 1. Historical Perspective 2. Key Concepts: Stages of Cognitive Development a. Sensorimotor b. Stage 1 c. Stage 2 d. Stage 3 e. Stage 4 f. Stage 5 g. Stage 6 h. Preoperational i. Concrete Operational j. Formal Operational 3. Strengths and Weaknesses 4. Theory Application a. Nursing Practice b. Nursing Education c. Nursing Research 5. Comparison with other Developmental Theories Page 15 of 21

II.

IV.

Laurence Kohlberg: Moral Development Theory A. The Theorist B. The Theory 1. Historical Perspective 2. Key Concepts: Stages of Moral Development a. Pre-conventional Morality b. Conventional Morality c. Post-conventional Morality 3. Strengths and Weaknesses 4. Theory Application a. Nursing Practice b. Nursing Education c. Nursing Research 5. Comparison with other Developmental Theories Abraham Maslow: Hierarchy of Needs A. The Theorist B. The Theory 1. Historical Perspective 2. Key Concepts: Hierarchy of Needs a. Physiologic b. Safety and Security c. Love and Belongingness d. Self-esteem e. Self-actualization 3. Strengths and Weaknesses

V.

4. Theory Application a. Nursing Practice b. Nursing Education c. Nursing Research 5. Comparison with other Developmental Theories

Week 14 3 hours

GENERAL SYSTEM and CHANGE THEORIES I. Ludwig von Bertalanffy: General System Theory 1968 A. The Theorist B. The Theory 1. Historical Perspective 2. Key Concepts: General System Theory a. System b. Important Aspects of a System c. Characteristics of a System d. The System Process 3. Strengths and Weaknesses 4. Theory Application d. Nursing Practice e. Nursing Education f. Nursing Research Kurt Lewin: Planned Change A. The Theorist B. The Theory 1. Historical Perspective 2. Key Concepts: Planned Change a. Unfreezing Page 16 of 21

II.

b. Moving c. Refreezing 3. Strengths and Weaknesses 4. Theory Application a. Nursing Practice b. Nursing Education c. Nursing Research III. Ronald Lippit: Planned Change A. The Theorist B. The Theory 1. Historical Perspective 2. Key Concepts: Planned Change a. Development of a need for change b. Establishment of a change relationship c. Working toward a change d. Clarification or diagnosis of the client systems problem e. Examination of alternative routes and goals: establishing goals, and intentions of action f. Transformation of intentions into actual change efforts g. Generalization and stabilization of change h. Achieving a terminal relationship 3. Strengths and Weaknesses 4. Theory Application a. Nursing Practice b. Nursing Education c. Nursing Research

IV.

Robert Chin and Kenneth Benne: Planned Change A. The Theorist B. The Theory 1. Historical Perspective 2. Key Concepts: Planned Change a. Empirical-Rational Strategies b. Normative-Re-educative Strategies c. Power-Coercive Strategies 3. Strengths and Weaknesses 4. Theory Application d. Nursing Practice e. Nursing Education f. Nursing Research

Week 15 3 hours

PHILIPPINE CONCEPTUAL MODELS I. Carmencita Abaquin: Prepare Me A. The Theorist B. The Theory 1. Basic Assumptions and Concepts a. Presence b. Reminisce Therapy c. Prayer d. Relaxation-Breathing e. Meditation f. Values Clarification g. Quality of Life Page 17 of 21

2. Theory Application a. Nursing Practice b. Nursing Education c. Nursing Research 3. Theory Analysis a. Simplicity b. Generality c. Empirical Precision II. Sis. Letty G. Kuan: Retirement and Role Discontinuities A. The Theorist B. The Theory 1. Basic Assumptions and Concepts a. Physiological Age b. Role c. Change of Life d. Retiree e. Role Discontinuity f. Coping Approaches 2. Theory Application a. Nursing Practice b. Nursing Education c. Nursing Research 3. Theory Analysis a. Simplicity b. Generality c. Empirical Precision

PROBLEM-SOLVING APPROACH and THE NURSING PROCESS I. II. III. Definition: A. Problem-solving B. Nursing Process Purposes/ Benefits Steps in Problem-Solving: A. Assessment B. Planning C. Implementation D. Evaluation The Nursing Process: A. Assessment B. Diagnosis C. Planning D. Intervention E. Evaluation Situations/ conditions where problem-solving approach can be applied

IV.

V.

Week 16 3 hours

HEALTH AS MULTIFACTORIAL PHENOMENON I. II. Definition of Health A. WHO Factors Affecting Health A. Political 1. Safety Page 18 of 21

III.

2. Oppression 3. Political Will 4. Empowerment B. Cultural 1. Practices 2. Beliefs C. Heredity D. Environment E. Socio-economic The National Health Situation

CARE ENHANCEMENT QUALITIES/CORE VALUES I. II. Love of God Caring as the core of nursing A. Compassion B. Competence C. Confidence D. Conscience E. Commitment (commitment to a culture of excellence, discipline, integrity and professionalism) Love of People A. Respect for the dignity of each person regardless of creed, color, gender and political affiliation. Love of Country A. Patriotism (Civic duty, social responsibility and good governance) B. Preservation and enrichment of the environment and culture heritage

III. IV.

Week 17 3 hours

COMPETENCY-BASED APPROACH TO THE BSN CURRICULUM I. Competency A. Definition B. Components 1. Knowledge 2. Skills 3. Attitude Core Competencies A. Patient Care Competencies 1. Safe and Quality Nursing Care 2. Communication 3. Collaboration and Teamwork 4. Health Education B. Enabling Competencies 1. Management of Resources and Environment 2. Records Management C. Empowering Competencies 1. Legal Responsibilities 2. Ethico-moral Responsibilities 3. Personal and Professional Responsibilities D. Enhancing Competencies 1. Quality Assurance 2. Research

II.

*** Project Presentation Page 19 of 21

Week 18 3 hours TEXTBOOK: REFERENCE S:

Final Examination and Comprehensive Examination with Rationalization Tomey, M. a. (2008). Nursing Theorists and TheirWork 6th Edition. Mosby Elsevier. Abaquin, C. (1999). "PREPARE ME" Interventions and the Quality of Life of Advanced Progressive Cancer Patients. Alfaro-Lefevre, R. (2006). Applying Nursing Process; A Tool for Critical Thinking 6th Edition. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Coon, D. a. (2008). Psychology: A Journey 3rd Edition. Thompson Woodsworth. Feldman, R. (2010). Understanding Psychology 9th Edition. McGraw Hill. George, J. (2011). Nursing Theories The Base for Professional Nursing Practice 6th Edition. Pearson Education. Kawolski, R. a. (2005). Psychology 4th Edition. Wiley and Sons, Inc. Kozier, B. a. (2007). Kozier & Erb's Fundamentals of Nursing Concepts, Process and Practice 8th Edition. Pearson's Publication. Kuan, L. (1985). Retirement and Role Discontinuities. Mc Ewen, M. a. (2011). Theoretical Basis for Nursing 3rd Edition. Wolters Kluwer Health, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Meleis, A. (2012). Theoretical Nursing Development and Progress 5th Edition. Wolters Kluwer, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Octaviano, E. a. (2008). Theoretical Foundations of Nursing: The Philippine Perspective. Ultimate Learning Series.

Taylor, C. e. (2005). Fundamentals of Nursing Care: The Art and Science of Nursing Care 5th Edition. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. UPOU. (2005). N207: Theoretical Foundations of Nursing. UPOU: National Computer Center. GRADING SYSTEM:
CLASS STANDING 40% -Quiz -Written Reports / Internet Annotations -Group Work / Project MAJOR EXAM 60% FINAL GRADE (PRELIM=30% + MIDTERM=30% + FINAL=40%) COURSE/SUBJECT GRADE = FINAL GRADE=80% + COMPREHENSIVE EXAMINATION=20%

Prepared and Submitted by:

Checked and Endorsed by: Page 20 of 21

ALEJANDRO C. NONOG, JR., RN, MSN MAN Subject Head / Lecturer

KATHERINE VERA A. SANTOS, RN, Level I, II, III Coordinator

Recommending Approval: MICHAEL C. LEOCADIO, RN,RM,MAN Academic Coordinator

Approved by: LINDA V. SUBIDO, RN, MAN Dean

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