Experiment No.

4
Title: Spring Testing

Object: To study spring testing machine and to determine. I. II. III. IV. V. Apparatus: I. II. III. Spring testing machine. Open coil helical spring ( compression type) Close coil helical spring (tensile type) Spring index(C) Stiffness of the spring (K) Modulus of rigidity of the spring material (G) Maximum twisting moment of the section of the coil (T) Maximum Shear Stress.(s)

Theory: At is used determine the behavior of spring while is compression or tension. The machine consist of a base unit inside which is housed a weighting system. The machine consist of steel cross head and steel cross head and steel base. The hydraulic sack of 10 tones capacity is fired to the base. A dial in front of the base unit is a load indicator which indicates the load being applied to the spring under test. Two vertical pillars are held by the brackets support a beam. Whose position can be altered? A pointer fixed on this bean slide over the fired scale. The pumping unit connected to the jack by means of a pressure tube. The general construction of this machine is robot and leak proof. The machine is fitted with a hand wheel control. Marked slow and fast which enable the rate of a hand to be varied. The machine is equipped with hand pumping.

Formula used:1. Spring stiffness (K):- It is defined as the load (P) that cause unit deflection (P) is the spring. K= Where: K= Spring stiffness (kg/mm) P = Applied load {kg/} = Deflection {mm} The mature of load V/s deflection curve decided whether he behavior of spring is linear or nor- linear. Mostly closed coil helical spring have linear mature. 2. Spring index:Spring index C = Where: D= mean diameter of coil spring d= spring wire dia. 3. Minimum trusting moment of the coil {T}:T= Where: W= load {kg} d= spring wire dia. {mm} 4. Minimum shear stress { s }:kg/mm kg/ mm

s =
Where: s =shear stress induced is the wire due to trusting movement.

5. Modulus of rigidity of spring material {G}:G= Where: n= Active no. of coil Observation table:A) For compression spring:I) Internal diameter of spring d2= II) III) IV) V) VI) Outer diameter Of spring d1= Spring wire diameter d= Mean coil diameter Of spring D= No. of turns of spring {nact}= Active no. of turns of spring n= nact-1 =

Observation table:S. Load Defle- Spring Spring Modulus no (w) ction Index stiffness of rigidity (kg) (mm) C= k= w/ G= D/d kg/mm (kg/mm) Twisting Minimum moment shear stress T={ kg- s = mm} ( kg/mm2)

B) For Tensile spring:I. Internal diameter of spring d2= II. III. IV. V. VI. Outer diameter of spring d1= Spring wire diameter d= Mean coil diameter Of spring D= No. of turns of spring {nact}= Active no. of turns of spring n= nact-1 =

Result:A) for compression spring:1) Spring index (c) = 2) Spring stiffness{k}= 3) Modulus of rigidity of spring material {G}= 4) Maximum trusting moment of coil {t}= 5) max shear stress { s }= B) For tension spring:1) Spring index (c) = 2) Spring stiffness{k}= 3) Modulus of rigidity of spring material {G}= 4) Maximum trusting moment of coil {t}= 5) max shear stress { s }= Precautions:1) 2) 3) 4) Keep the machine protected from dist. & dirt. Use lubricating oil in gear. Dont overload the equipment. Take the reading corefully.