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GIVING REASONS because it is because they are because it was because they were because it will be because they will be
DISLIKES I like it (them) I dont like it (them) at all I cant stand I cant stand I hate I hate
CONNECTIVES to join two short sentences together y and pero but tambin also / as well / too porque because que which / that / who cuando when donde where QUANTIFIERS / INTENSIFIERS un poco a little bastante quite muy very demasiado too mucho(s) + noun lots of + noun
CONNECTIVES to link sentences within a paragraph luego next / then ms tarde later despus afterwards entonces then / therefore por eso therefore por esta razn for this reason sin embargo however donde where ADJECTIVES TO IMPRESS guay boss / cool genial brilliant impresionante impressive fenomenal great increble unbelievable
ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY & TIME a menudo often siempre always nunca never a veces sometimes de vez en cuando from time to time una vez once dos veces por semanatwice a week todos los das every day
COMPARISONS es ms + adjective + que = is ............er than Torres es ms rpido que Gerrard Beyonce es ms guapa que Shakira Torres is faster than Gerrard Beyonce is prettier than Shakira
es tan + adjective + como = is as + adjective as Torres es tan rpido como Gerrard Beyonce es tan guapa como Shakira Torres is as fast as Gerrard Beyonce is as pretty as Shakira
de mi familia - in my family de la clase - in the class del instituto in the school del mundo in the world
you can also add simo(a) to the end of most adjectives: grande + simo(a) grandsimo pequeo(a) + simo(a) pequesimo(a) interesante + simo(a) interesantsimo(a)
= = =
EXCLAMATIONS Qu! + adj OR / Qu! + noun = How + adj! OR What a + noun! Qu bueno(a)! How good! Qu feo(a)! Qu interesante! How interesting! Qu aburrido(a)! Qu vergenza! How embarrassing! Qu guay! Qu ridculo! How ridiculous! Qu lstima! HIGHER LEVEL STRUCTURES before + -ing before going out after + -ing after eating after having + past participle after having played football on + -ing on leaving the room To have just + past participle I have just finished my homework To do something again I made the bed again
antes de + INFINITIVE e.g. antes de salir despus de + INFINITIVE e.g. despus de comer
despus de haber + past participle e.g. despus de haber jugado al ftbol al + INFINITIVE e.g. al salir del cuarto acabar de + INFINITIVE e.g. acabo de terminar los deberes volver a + INFINITIVE e.g. volv a hacer la cama deber/querer/poder + INFINITIVE e.g. debo hacer los deberes e.g. quiero escuchar msica e.g. puedo ir al cine lo + adjective + es que e.g. lo interesante es que e.g. lo bueno es que e.g. lo ms + adjective + es que e.g. lo ms interesante es que e.g. lo ms importante es que
to must / to want to / to be able to do something I must do my homework I want to listen to music I can go to the cinema the + adjective + thing is that the interesting thing is that the good thing is that the most + adjective + thing is that the most interesting thing is that the most important thing is that
Tener ganas de + INFINITIVE e.g. Tengo ganas de ir al bolero Tener que + INFINITIVE e.g. Tengo que sacar la basura
To feel like doing something I feel like going to the bowling alley To have to do something I have to take out the rubbish To have to do with..... It has to do with public transport
Tener que ver con.... e.g. tiene que ver con el transporte pblico -
PRESENT TENSE INDICATORS Ahora - Now Ahora mismo - Right now Hoy - Today Esta maana - This morning Esta tarde - This afternoon / - This evening Esta noche - Tonight
PAST TENSE INDICATORS Ayer -yesterday Anteayer - the day before yesterday Hace dos dasTwo days ago Hace dos aos-Two years ago El ao pasado last year La semana pasada last week
FUTURE TENSE INDICATORS Maana -Tomorrow Maana por la maana - tomorrow morning Maana por la tarde - tomorrow afternoon - tomorrow evening Maana por la noche - tomorrow night
PRESENT
Voy - I go /am going Hago - I do/ make Estoy - I am Soy - I am Tengo - I have Como - I eat Ceno - I dine Tomo - I have Escucho-I listen to Juego al- I play Hablo - I speak Compro- I buy Canto - I sing Trabajo - I work Llego - I arrive Bailo - I dance Cocino - I cook Leo - I read Veo - I see/watch Pongo - I put Escribo - I write Vivo - I live Salgo - I go out
PAST
Fui - I went Hice - I did / made Estuve - I was Fui - I was Tuve - I had Com - I ate Cen - I dined Tom - I had Escuch-I listened to Jugu al-I played Habl - I spoke Compr -I bought Cant - I sang Trabaj - I worked Llegu - I arrived Bail - I danced Cocin - I cooked Le - I read V - I saw/watched Puse - I put Escrib - I wrote Viv - I lived Sal - I went out
FUTURE
Ir - I will go Har - I will do/make Estar - I will be Ser - I will be Tendr - I will have Comer- I will eat Cenar - I will dine Tomar - I will have Escuchar-I will listen to Jugar al-I will play Hablar - I will speak Comprar-I will buy Cantar -I will sing Trabajar-I will work Llegar - I will arrive Bailar - I will dance Cocinar-I will cook Leer - I will read Ver - I will see/watch Pondr - I will put Escribir-I will write Vivir - I will live Saldr - I will go out
NEGATIVES To make a negative sentence in Spanish, simply put no in front of the verb e.g. voy a Espaa I go no voy a Espaa I do not go/I am not going to Spain tengo un perro I have a dog no tengo un perro I do not have a dog no................nadie no...............nunca OTHER NEGATIVES nobody............ no..............nada never............... ni...............ni....... nothing........... not........or......