BACKER SHAPPED HEAT

u*
ULTIMHEAT VIRTUAL M U M U M

The Backer Electric Company are specialist manufacturers of mineral insulated tubular sheathed heating elements, and have at your disposal t w o quite independent processes, which together form the largest specialist production plant in Europe. The Backer powder filling process is generally used for the economical and quick production of bulk and repetitive items, such as electric cooker heater components, washing machine, iron and kettle elements, and produces an element w i t h circular cross section. The Backer conversion process is an ideal means of producing the 'tailor made' small batch industrial requirement, and produces an element having a non circular section, except at the extreme ends. A Backer element, produced by either process, can be sheathed in any of nine stock metals, available in a range of sizes and lengths up to 112" overall for the conversion process and 170' for the powder filled process. The surface rating is designed to suit the working conditions and if used in accordance w i t h design recommendations carries a t w e l v e month guarantee, for faulty workmanship and materials. The Company specialises in meeting the needs of domestic appliance manufacturers, industrial heating engineers, and the heavy duty and domestic electric cooking industries. An experienced technical design and engineering staff are ready to advise and help w i t h any electrical heating problem, which should be forwarded in the form of an enquiry giving fullest information possible, to Head Office and Works at Rotherham, w h e r e it will receive both prompt and careful consideration.

GC2

Mineral insulated tubular sheathed heating elements

Most people are familiar with the open spiral heater coil used extensively in the past for electric fires, which, because it was 'live' required to be mounted on insulating formers and be protected by a guard. Due to the difficulty of insulating the live coil, the application of this type of heater to industry was limited until, in 1900, our founder Mr. C. B. Backer, discovered the excellent heat transfer and insulating properties of magnesium oxide and applied himself to perfecting a technique of burying a heater coil concentrically in a bed of magnesium oxide within an outer metal sheath. In this form, elements can be touched without giving shock, can be bent to complex shapes to tit closely within or up to the body to be heated, can be immersed in liquids, can be made in a wide range of sheath metals or alloys to withstand corrosive conditions and can operate at any required temperature up to 800"C. The original manufacturing process is one of chemical conversion using pure magnesium metal tubes between the heater coil and outer tubes as the source of magnesium oxide, the metal absorbing oxygen from water and steam in which it is immersed under pressure. A guaranteed concentricity is assured as, having started with a perfect tube of magnesium metal, a true annulus of magnesium oxide is produced during conversion. The process is excellent for multiple small batch, tailor made requirements but is slow compared with the latest powder filling techniques which Backer use for bulk production of repetitive elements required by the Domestic Appliance Industry. In this process the magnesium oxide powder is formed into an annulus around the heater coil on multi spindle vibrating filling machines whilst the coil is held in a concentric position within the outer sheath. Both processes have their advantages and allow Backer to offer you the ' Best of Both Worlds' - Heat, Shaped Heat, whether it be for raising the temperature of liquid, solid or gas.

Backer Electric Company Limited

The best of both world the Backer 1 conversion process

Used generally for quantities up to 5 0 0 off and for specific applications requiring non-circular sections.

VIRTUAL MUSEUM

p l

HI

Advantages: Ideal for small batch production - guaranteed concentricity - square section gives maximum contact when groove embedded. The three standard sections are Rhombic, Square and Multicoil, but Oval, Dee, Triangular, and Barrel sections are available for special requirements. Two independent circuits can be confined within one sheath as a Multicoil element. Although flattened, conversion elements do have a 1 " length each end left round for ease of mounting ferrules or

fixing plates etc. and this length can be increasd by arrangement. Standard nominal sizes(original tube dia. and end dia.) English -25" - '313" - -375'' - -438" - 625" Metric 6-4 - 7-9 - 9-5 - 1 1 -1 -15-9mm M a x i m u m length (including inactives) 112" Sheath materials available: Inconel, Incoloy, Stainless Steel, Mild Steel, Monel, Copper, Aluminium Brass, Aluminium Bronze. The length of inactive ends can be made to suit requirements, and can be produced with straight wire to give cool inactive, or reinforced for cold inactive.

power filling

the Backer

process

Used generally for bulk production quantities of 5 0 0 and over and for applications specifically requiring a round section.

Advantages: Truly round section throughout length - high temperature operation - ideal for bulk production - high flash and low earth leakage characteristics. Standard nominal diameters English -25" - -265 - -281 " - -313" - -333" - -375" - -438" Metric 6 4 - 6 72 - 7-1 - 7-9 - 8-5 - 9 5 -11-1 mm M a x i m u m length: (including inactives) 170" Sheath materials available: Inconel, Incoloy, Stainless Steel, Mild Steel, Monel, Copper, Aluminium Brass, Aluminium Bronze, Aluminium. The length of inactive ends can be made to suit requirements by varying solid terminal lengths.

EAT

Testing ensures quality

(top right) Each boiling plate produced by Backer Electric Co., is placed on load and whilst energised from a 250V supply a superimposed voltage of 1 500V is applied across the insulation. This severe test is more stringent than BSS requirements but ensures that only plates of the highest quality reach the market.

(above) Whilst the plates are still hot they are immersed in water, the cooling action causes a considerable vacuum within the element which searches the sheath for flaws. If such a flaw exists - water is drawn into the insulation and is quickly detected by an insulation resistance test.

Another check to ensure a quality product

BACKER ELECTRIC COMPANY LIMITED, ROTHERHAM, YORKSHIRE Telephone: R o t h e r h a m 78181 (8 lines) Telex 54161 G r a m s : Backerel Rotherham

Sheath materials
The choice of material for the tubular sheath depends upon the application on which we shall be pleased to advise, given the full details of the duty the element is required to perform, and a selection can be made from the following list. Copper Is a first consideration for water or oil heating by direct immersion. Normal procedure is that the finished water heating units are dull nickel plated to give added protection and to provide a superior finish. Maximum recommended sheath temperature 450C. (850 F.) Suitable for heating of air and other non-corrosive gases, for contact heating of metal bodies, and for heating by immersion in oils, waxes, compounds, soft metals etc., and for casting within certain metals. Mild steel protected by approved methods can be utilised for higher temperature applications such as oven elements for domestic electric cookers. Maximum recommended sheath temperature 450 C. (850 F.) Suitable for heating of air and certain other gases, particularly where a non rusting sheath is essential, e.g. for high humidity applications, and occasionally for contact heating of metal bodies. Aluminium Bronze has a much higher mechanical strength than Aluminium Brass, particularly in the hot condition, and is more resistant to scaling at elevated temperatures. Maximum recommended sheath temperature 500C (930 F.) Is mainly recommended where a high resistance to chemical attack is essential. It is used for the heating of certain vegetable oils by immersion. Maximum sheath temperature 500 C. (930 F.) Can be used to advantage for heating air and certain other gases where temperature requirements are higher than permissible with the aforementioned metals, particularly where its anti-corrosion properties are advantageous. Maximum recommended sheath temperature 700-750 C. (1300-1380 F.) Both these metals are nickel chromium iron alloys (typical analysis 78Ni 15Cr. and 34 Ni 21 Cr. respectively) with 'Inconel' having the greater resistance to chemical corrosion, and they are used where the element is required to work at or near its maximum recommended operating temperature of 750-800'C. (1380-1470 C F.) In many cases they can be used successfully for certain media injurious to other sheath metals.

M i l d Steel and copper bonded mild steel

Aluminium Brass and Aluminium Bronze

Monel'

18 8 Stainless Steel

Inconel' and 'Incoloy'

Terminology of length and sections

ULTIMHEAT VIRTUAL MUSE

The conversion process produces an element with noncircular cross section as shown below except for a length each end (standard 1 ") which is circular and suitable for the mounting by brazing of ferrules or fixing plates. Bending must take place only on the flattened section and can be on high corners (major axis) or low corners (minor axis).

BACKER CONVERSION PROCESS - Batch Quantity up to 500

METAL SHEATH COMPACTED MAGNESIUM OXIDE BONDED REFRACTORY PACKING SEAL FLEXIBLE LEAD OR TERMINALS

C.

ROUND PORTION INACTIVE LENGTH I.L.

COMPACTED REFRACTORY EFFECTIVE LENGTH E.L. OVERALL LENGTH O.L.-

INACTIVE LENGTH I.L.

C to suit (standard 1 "). D Nominal dia. & dia. of length C. The overall length is the sheath length in straight form prior to bending. The effective length is the active portion. Inactive lengths can be produced at the end or at any part of the element and are usually straight wire which provides a comparative inactive section. If it is essential to have 'cold' inactives, requests should be made for reinforced inactives.

RHOMBIC
Fig. 1

SQUARE
Fig. 2

MULTICOIL
Fig. 3

Nominal Dia. A Rhombic (fig. 1 ) Square (fig. 2) CROSS SECTION DIMENSIONS Recommended Groove sizes for square section elements Multicoil (fig. 3) 305 215

"

JL6 1 B 215 215 A 370 275 B 265 275 A 475 340

3" e B -312 -340 A 52 380

16 B 375 380 A 795

V a B 50

width depth

220 to 230 200 to 195

280 to 290 255 to 260

345 to -355 320 to -325

390 to 400 365 to 370

312

-218

562

25

The maximum overall length available including inactive ends is 112". Elements can be joined or inactive extensions added in low temperature zones if essential.

The powder filling process produces an element with a circular cross section throughout its length.

BACKER POWDER FILLING PROCESS - Bulk production over 500

METAL SHEATH COMPACTED MAGNESIUM OXIDE TERMINAL POST SEAL FLEXIBLE LEAD ORTERMINALS

EFFECTIVE LENGTH E.L. OVERALL LENGTH O.L.

INACTIVE LENGTH
\-

TO SUIT

D OOB'

The overall length is the sheath length in straight form prior to bending. In production this length varies 1 % from nominal which variation is taken up at a non-critical point during bending. Cutting to exact length can be undertaken at extra cost. The effective length is the active portion. Inactive lengths can be provided only at the ends of the element. Although primarilyfor bulk production, smaller quantities of elements can be produced by this process on request.

Bending should commence 1 " or more from the tube end and be designed to ensure that the coil end of the terminal post does not lie nearer than to a radius.

The maximum overall length available including inactive ends is 140*. Elements can be joined or inactive extensions added in low temperature zones if essential.

Bending and Forming

The Backer tubular sheathed element is relativel r and can be formed to any desired shape best suited particular installation. Whilst straight elements are

Minimum bending radii

R2

supplied to order, it is generally recommended that the elements are formed at these works to the customers sketch or samples, so that full advantage is taken of the Company's experience and machinery. When submitting a shape to suit their requirements, customers should be guided by the table below which gives minimum bending radii for the different element sheath diameters these should be increased if the design allows.

R1-Minimum bending radius when bending on major axis (high corners) R2-Minimum bending radius when bending on minor axis (low corners)

Conversion process Minimum Bending Radii Rhombic Section element dia. Square Section Multicoil

Powder Fill Process

Major Axis Major Axis Minor Axis Minor Axis High corner High corner Low corner Low corner element Group 1 Group 2 Group 1 Group 2 Group 1 Group 2 Group 1 Group 2 Group 1 Group 2 dia
I"

Minimum Bending Ra Group 1

H I

JL'

"

V i " TT
Ti"

h"

7 " T* t V JL" I i r
1 1 8

265

TT 7 ' T4

1" a
TT

4"
4

I6

'

S"
8

H"

A" 333
TT

2i"

i r

H"

H"

7 TT

V 4

Group 1 Group 2 Note 1 Note 2

includes Inconel, incoloy. Stainless Steel, Monel and Mild Steel. includes Copper, Aluminium Brass, Aluminium Bronze. For round section elements it may be possible to bend group 1 materials to Group 2 bending radii, after consideration of material, wall thickness and tooling. Radii are measured to centre line of element section. element securely clamped at a point near where the bend takes to prevent the element from sliding. Grooved forms are not always necessary for powder filled elements. Larger bends can be formed on special jigs, but all bending requires a smooth steady action to prevent kinks or breakages. Bending operations should not be commenced within 1 " of the element sheath end on unflattened portions of conversion process elements or within y " of internal end of terminal posts of powder filled elements.
Grams: Backerel R o t h e r h a m

When elements are supplied in straight lengths for bending by the customer, the following points should be specially noted. Elements are always bent in their cold condition, and in the case of conversion elements for bends up to about 1 y to 2" diameter are usually formed between a suitably grooved form of the correct radius and a grooved former on the other side motivated by a bending lever and roller pivoted on the pin of the inner form tool, with the

BACKER ELECTRIC COMPANY LIMITED, ROTHERHAM, YORKSHIRE Telephone: Rotherham 78161 (8 lines) Telex 54161

TERMINAL ASSEMBLIES
The following diagrams clearly indicate the size and make-up of a selected number of semi-standard terminations. Not all terminations are suitable for all diameters of element, therefore a cross reference table on the back cover has been provided to assist selection. Special terminals can be provided to order if necessary.

C o d e 239 Title 3BA Brass Pillar M a x . T e m p . 350C Code Title 1403 OBA Stainless Steel Pillar M a x . T e m p . 650C Code Title 249 3BA Stainless Steel Pillar Max. Temp. 600'C

Code Title

238A Flexible Nickel Chrome Leads Unsleeved M a x . T e m p . 600 5 C 238B Flexible Nickel Leads - Unsleeved Max. Temp. 400'C 1372 Flexible Nickel Leads-Sleeved Standard length 9in. Max. Temp. 200'C

Code Title

Code Title

Code Title

1373 Clinched Glass Sleeved Cable M a x . T e m p . 200C

Code Title

Code Title 1 in. Max.

1048 2 B A Brass Offset Terminal M a x . T e m p . 350C 1 Jin. Max.

237 Clinchfjd O B U l j i m h E A T Brass Pill^RTUAL MUSEUM M a x . T e m p . 350C This terminal can be mounted on a f i n . dia parallel bead. C o d e 750

O,

(C

Sly

>

Code Title

240 3BA Stainless Steel Angled Flag M a x . T e m p . . 400C 1 Jin. Max.

Code Title

1105 OBA - Clinched Ring Tongue Max. Temp. 150C

1 in. Max.

6
t

i f-

I
mm >

/I
o-

C o d e 1650 Title Std. Tab Terminal M a x . T e m p . 350C An adaptor is available to connect this terminal for lead connections. C o d e DE.30 1 i i n . Max.

Code Title

776 2 B A Pinch Type Screw-on Terminal M a x . T e m p . 350C

1 f i n . Max.

ADAPTOR

Without adaptor 1 in. Max.

ULTIMHEAT VIRTUAL MUSEUM Code Title 768 2BA Brass Removable Pillar M a x . T e m p . 350C Code Title 145 Watertight Flexible Connection M a x . T e m p . 65C

i
CS3)

i
1

Code Title

1090 Anti-Condensation Shroud M a x . T e m p . 65C

1 in. Max.

Code Title

1724 In-Line 'Piggyback' Tab Max. Temp. 325C

Code Title Code Title 1022 3 B A Stainless Steel In-Line Flag M a x . T e m p . 400C

I X

1 in. Max.

1727 4 B A Screwed Terminal M a x . T e m p . Mild Steel Plated 325C Stainless Steel 500 C

1 in. Max.

ULTIMHEAT VIRTUAL

Code Title Code Title 1608 Right Angle Tab Terminal M a x . T e m p . 325C

1726 5 B A Screwed Terminal M a x . T e m p . Mild Steel Plated 325 S C Stainless Steel 500 C

CONVERSION PROCESS CODE NO. in. 1458 768 776 1372 1373 249 1403 1105 240 237 1048 1022 1090 1726 1727 1608 1724 1650 A in1 in.

ELEMENTS
TS

P O W D E R FILLED E L E M E N T S a in. 0-265 in. ^ in. Js in0-333 in. 1 in.

TS

'n.

1 in.

in-

Shaped heat
B A C K E R ELECTRIC C O M P A N Y L I M I T E D ROTHERHAM YORKSHIRE T e l e p h o n e R o t h e r h a m 78181 T e l e x 54161

solid or radiant cooker hotplates a comparison of the two approaches

ULTIMHEAT VIRTUAL

have the answer

Backer Electric Company of Rotherham, England present facts that are of vital interest to designers and manufacturers of domestic cookers in the European Economic Community.

Backer

lift-clear radiant boiling plates

. Backer

ULTIMHEAT VIRTUAL MUSEUM

designed for easy cleaning

Backer Lift-clear Hotplates are manufactured to fit cookers with hobs to DIN standard 44912 (sheet 2). The shallow reflector units are interchangeable with solid hotplates to DIN standard 44910 (sheets 4 and 5). The deep reflector units are interchangeable with solid hotplates on cookers with one centimetre extra depth below the top of the hob thereby allowing higher power inputs to be applied to the elements. All elements can be supplied at any voltage up to 380 volts and can be used with infinitely variable energy regulator controls or pan temperature sensing units. Full details are given in leaflet no GC24 and the complete range of Backer Radiant Hotplates is shown in leaflet no GC22A.

Backer Shaped heat

Backer Electric C o m p a n y Limited R o t h e r h a m , Yorkshire, England Telephone: 0709 78181 Telex: 54161

Backer lift-clear
radiant boiling plates

D e s i g n e d t o r e p l a c e hob m o u n t e d or solid h o t p l a t e s on c e r t a i n B r i t i s h a n d E u r o p e a n c o o k e r s , t h i s special B a c k e r r a n g e has s w i v e l f i x i n g p l a t e s w h i c h a l l o w t h e e l e m e n t t o be l i f t e d c l e a r of t h e reflector for cleaning. Four t y p e s o f t h e s e side s w i v e l p l a t e s w i l l be a v a i l a b l e f o r d e e p or s h a l l o w hobs in n o m i n a l 6 or 7" d i a m e t e r , m e t r i c sizes of 1 4 5 m m or 1 8 0 m m s i n g l e c i r c u i t 1 2 0 0 W , 1 8 0 0 W or 2 0 0 0 W f i t t e d w i t h t a b t e r m i n a l s .

GC24

Backer

Plate Code: SS180D Type: 2000W, 240V, 1 80 mm (7" nominal) diameter, four-turn single circuit with tab terminals and deep reflector Suitable for replacing: Some European hob-mounted units to DIN Specification 4491 2 Plate Code: SS180S Type: 1 800W, 240V, 1 80 mm (7" nominal) diameter, four-turn single circuit with tab terminals and shallow reflector Suitable for replacing: All European solid hot plates to DIN Specification 4 4 9 1 0 (Sheet 4) and hob-mounted units to DIN Specification 4491 2

Plate Code: SS145D Type: 1 200W, 240V, 145 mm (6" nominal) diameter, three-turn single circuit with tab terminals and deep reflector Suitable for replacing: Some European hob-mounted units to DIN Specification 4491 2 Plate Code: SS145S Type: 1200W, 240V, 145 mm (6" nominal) diameter, three-turn single circuit with tab terminals and shallow reflector Suitable for replacing All European solid hot plates to DIN Specification 4491 0 (Sheet 4) and hob-mounted units to DIN Specification 4491 2

For full range of plates see Publication No. GC.22A

Backer Shaped heat

Backer Electric C o m p a n y Limited Rotherham, Yorkshire Telephone: 0709 78181 Telex: 54161

why radiant hotplates?

Backer

because they
1 / Heat nearly t w i c e as fast as standard solid hotplates 2 / Reduce cooking costs because of their greater efficiency 3 / Provide easily controllable heat 4 / Do not rust or crack 5 / Swivel clear to enable spillage bowls to be cleaned easily 6 / Are interchangeable w i t h solid hotplates

" W h e r e can I get t h e m ? "

From any cooker manufacturer supplied by

Backer Shaped heat

Backer Electric C o m p a n y L i m i t e d R o t h e r h a m , Y o r k s h i r e , England T e l e p h o n e : 0709 78181 Telex: 54161

L
L
L

L
l I l

Backer kettle elements and accessories

ULTIMHEAT VIRTUAL MUSEUM

fit ail standard kettles

Just three Backer elements to fit any standard kettle!

Total rationalisation of the Backer range of kettle elements has reduced your stock requirements to just three types of element to fit any standard electric kettle purchased in the U.K. The design incorporates a special adaptor washer which FITS EITHER 1<Me" or 1 "/ie" HOLES.

ULTIMHEAT VIRTUAL MUSEUM

N e w range: Pack 1A 1500W Recommended for 2-pint kettles. Pack 3A 2750W 'Recommended for 3-pint or Pack 4A 3000W ilarger kettles. Specification The elements have 5/ie" diameter, chromium-plated copper sheaths, with 8 0 / 2 0 nickel chrome resistance wire in compacted magnesium oxide insulation, and incorporate Otter V90 'Kettle-Guard' self-resetting cut-outs for boil-dry protection.

Backerdaptor element packs

Contents: Element, special washer, external joint washer and shroud. For 3-pin replacements: Pack 1A 1500W 240V Pack 3A 2750W 240V Pack 4A 3000W 240V For 2-pin replacements: Use packs 1A, 3A or4A plus accessory pack 21 (3-pin connector without flex) or 22 (3-pin connector with flex).

How to select the right pack

When purchasing a new element, customers usually bring either the complete kettle or the failed element. H o w to identify the correct Backer replacement. 1 / If the element has three pins (diagram A) you need BACKERDAPTOR PACKX1A, 3A or 4A. 2/ If the element has two pins (diagram B) you need BACKERDAPTOR PACK 1 A, 3A or 4A. PLUS ACCESSORY PACK 21 or 22. All Backer elements fit either 19/i6" or 1 "/i6" diameter apertures. Special pack 29 must be used for Russell Hobbs kettles. A full range of accessory packs is available as shown on the back page of this leaflet.

This i s ^ STANDARD 3 - p i n element Diagram A

This needs CONVERSION 2 - p i n element Diagram B

Fitting instructions
If the kettle has a 1 " / i 6 " diameter hole
(Hotpoint-Premier-Prestige), remove the U-section washer from the kettle element and locate it in the hole, as shown in diagram E, so that half the washer is inside and half outside the kettle. U-Section Washer Kettle Body

If the kettle has a 1 9 /i6" diameter hole

(most other makes) leave the U-section washer on the kettle element as in diagram F.
Diagram E. Diagram F.

NOTE: Russell Hobbs (pack 29) elements must be fitted by a competent electrician to manufacturers' instructions.

POSITION ELEMENT PARALLEL TO BASE OF KETTLE

Special packs for Russell Hobbs Kettles

Contents: Element with ferrules, nuts and washer - plus washer for the heat sensor, max. level plate and thermal adjustment screw.

Pack 29

for models K2S and K2R

2400W

240V

Accessory packs
Pack 17

1 /$6" Chromed Brass Connector Shroud

(P

Pack 22
3-pin Connector and 1-metre Flex

Pack 18

Pack 23

0 0

1 /<6" Nylon Connector Shroud

1 9 /6" Washer Set 1 Neoprene, 1 Fibre

Pack 19

1 /i6" Nylon Connector Shroud

IP

Pack 24

1'Me" Washer Set - 1 Neoprene, 1 Fibre

O O
Extension Washer

Pack 2 0

Pack 25

1 n/i6" Chromed Brass Connector Shroud

I'M6" to W

Pack 21

Pack 26 T* - T
^stss*" 3-pin Connector only Descaler

Pack 27
Backerdaptor washer and fibre washer to fit either 19/is" or 1 ' !/i6" aperture.

fl

aSf' asssassss

Backer

Backer Electric Company Limited Rotherham, Yorkshire Telephone 78181 (STD 0709) Telex 54161

i RADIANT BOILING PLATES Backer

S h a p e d heat

Backer S T A N D A
Single and T w i n Element Units
The following diagrams show standard single and t w i n element boiling plates as used on most cookers produced between 1960 and 1973. Note that in many cases the only difference between the plates is the type of terminal used, screw type terminals being used up to 1968, tab type terminals being used from 1969 onwards. T w i n screw/tab terminals w h i c h fit both pre and post 1968 cookers are also available for many types.
Screw Terminals consist of 3BA phosphor bronze screws in stainless steel flags. Tab Terminals consist of A M P clinched or welded male flags.

ULTIMHEAT

Twin Terminal.

Terminal end view of fixing plate.

7 D 1 / 2 2 0 0 0 W . 7 ' diameter - 5 turn single circuit. With fixing plate and screw terminals. Use - most cookers produced between 1961 and 1968. 7 D 1 / 2 2 4 0 0 W . As above but w i t h higher wattage. Use - Creda 1966/8. 7 D 1 / 3 1 0 0 0 W . As above but w i t h lower wattage. Use - Tricity Popular (Pre 1969).

7 D 1 / 4 2 0 0 0 W . 7 " d i a m e t e r - 5 turn single circuit. With fixing plate and tab terminals. Use - most cookers produced since 1969 and interchangeable with 7D1 /5.

7 D 1 / 4 2250W. As above but with higher wattage.

Use-Creda 1969. 7 D 1 / 4 S S 1 0 0 0 W . As above but w i t h lowe wattage and stainless steel sheath. Use - Tricity Popular (Post 1968).

7 D 1 2 0 0 0 W . 7" diameter - 5 turn single circuit. With aluminium terminal housing. Use - exclusively for Tricity 1960 models.

7 D 2 / 2 2 0 0 0 W . 7" diameter-5 turn t w i n circuit. With fixing plate and screw terminals. Use- Hoover-Belling 1968

7 D 2 / 4 2 0 0 0 W . 7 " diameter - 5 turn - t w i n circuit. With fixing plate and tab terminals. Use - Hoover-Belling 1969.

7 D 1 / 5 2 0 0 0 W . 7 " d i a m e t e r - 4 turn single circuit. With fixing plate and tab terminals. Use - most cookers produced since 1969 and interchangeable with 7D1 /4.

6 D 1 / 4 1 5 0 0 W . 6" d i a m e t e r - 4 t u r n single circuit. With fixing plate and tab terminals. Use-Creda 1970. 6 D 1 / 2 1 6 5 0 W . As above but w i t h higher wattage and screw terminals. Use - Belling and Creda (Pre 1969).

6 D 1 / 5 1 2 0 0 W . 6 " diameter - 3 turn single circuit. With fixing plate and tab terminals. Use-Tricity (Post 1969). 6 D 1 / 5 1 0 0 0 W . As above but w i t h lower wattage. Use - Belling 1971

I RADIANT BOILING PLATE

T w i n Terminal Element Units

7 D 1 / 2 4 5 / 5 (registered design applied for) 2000W. 7 " diameter - 5 turn - single circuit. With t w i n tab and screw terminals. Use - replacement for 7DM2. 7D1 /4, 7D1/5 2000W units.

6 D 1 / 2 4 5 / 4 (registered design applied for) 1500W. 6" diameter - 4 turn - single circuit. With t w i n tab and screw terminals. Use - replacement for 6D112, 6D1/4. 1500W and 6D1/5 1000W.

Shown

on front

cover:

S H 7 D 1 / 2 2000W.
7 " diameter - 5 turn - single circuit. Sealed hob unit w i t h screw terminals (i.e. 7 D 1 / 2 in vitreous sealed reflector b o w l ) . Use - Tricity Caprice 1968.

S H 7 D 1 / 2 P C 2000W.
As above but w i t h reflector for pan control device. Use - Tricity Caprice 1968.

S H 7 D 2 / 4 2000W. 7" diameter-5 turn I t w i n circuit. Sealed hob unit w i t h tab I terminals (i.e. 7 D 2 / 4 in vitreous sealed reflector b o w l ) . , Use - Tricity Moffat (Post 1971). Carron (Post 1972)

S H 7 D 1 / 4 L 2000W. 7" diameter- 5 turn single circuit. Sealed hob unit w i t h tab terminals (i.e. 7 D 1 / 4 in vitreous sealed reflector b o w l fitted w i t h location lugs). Use - Tricity Caprice and Moffat (Post 1968).

S H 7 D 1 / 4 P C 2000W. As above but with

(Post

reflector for Pan control device. Use - Tricity Caprice and Moffat

1968.)

Lift-Clear Element Units

m m

SS220D 2200W. 220mm (9' nominal)

diameter - 5 turn - single circuit lift-clear swivel element. With tab terminals and deep

SS180D 2000W. 180mm (7" nominal)

diameter - 4 turn - single circuit lift-clear swivel element. With tab terminals and deep reflector. S S 1 8 0 S 1 8 0 0 W . As above but w i t h lower wattage and shallow reflector.

SS145D 1200W. 145mm (6" nominal)

diameter - 3 turn - single circuit lift-clear swivel element. With tab terminals and deep reflector.

reflector.

S S 2 2 0 S 1 8 0 0 W . As above but w i t h lower wattage and shallow reflector.

S S 1 4 5 S 1 2 0 0 W . As above but with

shallow reflector.

S S220 2200W. or 1800W. As above but without reflector.

SS180 2000W or 1800W. As above but

SS145 1200W. As above but without

reflector. for

w i t h o u t reflector.

Deep Reflector Plates are suitable for some European hob-mounted units to DIN Specification 44912. Shallow Reflector Plates are suitable all European solid hot plates to DIN Specification 44910 (Sheet 4) and hob-mounted units to DIN Specification 44912.

ULTIMHEAT VIRTUAL MUS

. Noi rence
i

EDA Plug-in Units

AMP male f

Upper Gauge Single Circuit Plates

If Plate Dia.
8"

Termin

Backer Equivalent

61"

87V1 65V1

The following single and t w i n circuit plug-in EDA boiling plates are suitable for most cookers produced between 1945 and 1960. The single circuit units have t w o pins and earth pin as s h o w n on the upper gauge and the t w i n circuit units have three pins and earth pin as shown on the lower gauge. To use these identification gauges, lay plate on its face w i t h pins uppermost, place gauge over pins and read off code numbers of Backer equivalent against the relevant diameter.

STANDARD RADIANT BOILING PLATES

Backer

Lower Gauge T w i n C i r c u i t Plates

If Plate Dia. Backer Equivalent

8' 61'

87V2 65V2

87V1 2150W. EDA unit.

8 " diameter single circuit

6 5 V 1 1 3 5 0 W . 6 J " diameter single circuit EDA unit.

11

"

8 7 V 2 2 1 5 0 W . 8 " diameter t w i n circuit EDA unit.

6 5 V 2 1 3 5 0 W . 6 i " diameter t w i n circuit EDA unit.

PRICE LISTS B.P.1 Recommended List BP.3 Electricity Board B.P.4 Export B P.5 Wholesale

Backer
S h a p e d heat

Europe's leading heating element specialists BACKER ELECTRIC C O M P A N Y LIMITED Rotherham Yorkshire Telephone : 0709 78181 Telex : 45161
MAY 1973

ULTIMHEATI VIRTUAL MUSEl

Yet another move in Backer's policy of reducing stock ranges to the absolute minimum. These new Twin-Terminal Boiling Plates eliminate the need t o stock both tab and screw-type terminal plates in the single circuit 7" and 6" diameter sizes. Think h o w this will release your valuable storage space, reduce capital tied-up in stock and simplify record keeping and sales identification. See over for full details.

PLATES

Backer Twin-Terminal Boiling Plates

ULTIMHEATfc V I R T U A L MUSE

N e w Plate Code

N e w Plate Code

7D1/245/5
Registered Design applied for

6D1/245/4
Registered Design applied for

Type
2 0 0 0 W . 2 4 0 V . 7 Dia. 5-turn Single circuit plate with combination tab and screw terminals

Type
1 5 0 0 W . 2 4 0 V . 6" Dia. 4-turn Single circuit plate with combination tab and screw terminals

Suitable for Replacing

7 D 1 / 2 - 2 0 0 0 W . 5-turn screw terminals 7 D 1 / 4 - 2 0 0 0 W . 5-turn tab terminals 7 D 1 / 5 - 2 0 0 0 W . 4 - t u r n tab terminals

Suitable for Replacing

6D1 / 2 - 1650W.
6 D 1 / 4

4 - t u r n screw terminals tab termina,s

" ] S M - n

6 D 1 / 5 - 1200W.

3 - t u r n tab terminals

In most cases the combination terminal will not require modification but it is important that the servicing engineer should check earth clearances

on installation and, if found necessary, remove the unused part of the terminal whilst supporting the element terminal post.

For full range of plates see Publication No. G.C.22

BACKER ELECTRIC COMPANY LIMITED ROTHERHAM, YORKSHIRE Telephone : 0 7 0 9 - 7 8 1 8 1 Telex : 5 4 1 6 1

G.C.23

ol ULTIMHEAT VIRTUAL MUSEUM

LU

Yet another move in Backer's policy of reducing stock ranges t o the absolute minimum. These new Twin-Terminal Boiling Plates eliminate the need t o stock both tab and screw-type terminal plates in the single circuit 7" and 6" diameter sizes. Think h o w this w i l l release your valuable storage space, reduce capital tied-up in stock and simplify record keeping and sales identification. See over for full details.

N e w Plate Code

N e w Plate Code

7D1/245/5
Registered Design applied for

6D1/245/4
Registered Design applied for

Type
2 0 0 0 W . 2 4 0 V . 7" Dia. 5-turn Single circuit plate with combination tab and screw terminals

Type
1 5 0 0 W . 2 4 0 V . 6" Dia. 4-turn Single circuit plate with combination tab and screw terminals

Suitable for Replacing

7 D 1 / 2 - 2 0 0 0 W . 5 - t u r n screw terminals 7 D 1 / 4 - 2 0 0 0 W . 5-turn tab terminals 7 D 1 / 5 - 2 0 0 0 W . 4 - t u r n tab terminals

Suitable for Replacing

6D1 / 2 - 1650W. "l500W:l 6 D 1 / 5 - 1200W.
6 D 1 / 4

4 - t u r n screw terminals "tumtabterminals 3 - t u r n tab terminals

4

In most cases the combination terminal will not require modification but it is important that the servicing engineer should check earth clearances

on installation and, if found necessary, remove the unused part of the terminal whilst supporting the element terminal post.

For full range of plates see Publication No. G.C.22

BACKER ELECTRIC COMPANY LIMITED ROTHERHAM, YORKSHIRE Telephone : 0 7 0 9 - 7 8 1 8 1 Telex : 5 4 1 6 1

G.C.23

Domestic Immersion Heaters

full range of Standard heaters conforming fully to B S 3 4 5 6 Section A 8

Backer immersion heaters are designed and made for use by those w h o w a n t the best value for money. W i t h element lengths f r o m 11" t o 36', a w i d e choice of stem and stemless type thermostats, w i t h sheaths available in Incoloy for corrosive or hard w a t e r conditions, they provide the most effective, long-lasting, and attractive answer t o domestic w a t e r heating.

Backer Electric Company Limited

Another winner from Backer

Bright nickel plated for attractive appearand resistance to corrosion Virtually unbreakable phenolic terminal box Pre-packed in attractive polythene display pack cartons of ten with easily identified Backer h<}u Special sheaths available for hard or corrosive waters

D.
M
No. Pack Kilowatts 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 + 2 L 11 14 18 23 27 30 36 11 18 27 11 27 36 27 P 11 11 11 18 18 18 18 43 A 43 "A 43 11" 18" 18" M 12f 15f 19f 24 28 311 37 12| 28| 37 12f 28| 37 Thermostats 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 4 4 4 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3 3 3 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

STANDARD

311 *314 318 *323 327 *330 336 311S 318S 327S 311C 327C 336C 527

SHORT STEM

ANTI-CORROSIVE
for use in Corrosive or Hard Water Areas

DUO IMMERSION HEATER

Complete with Two Thermostats See Leaflet G.C.32 Complete with Otter Thermostat L21 K83 and 1 Shot Relay See Leaflet G.C.31

WHITE METER WATER HEATING SYSTEM

* Made to order 34 w e e k s ; all others ex-stock.

600

3 + 3

11

r ~ o m lUlNGLESTAT

Thermostats

RcO 160 :TLLOW .'60 F GRE"

1 MacLaren W H

2 Satchwell VK

3 Otter Singlestat

4 Sunvic T Q B - A U

Shaped heat
BACKER 5.000 June 73 ELECTRIC COMPANY LIMITED ROTHERHAM .

The Sunvic TQR, MacLaren M B , and Proscon P2 thermostats may be used in place of the first three listed and the MacLaren WE may be used instead of the last mentioned if desired.

YORKSHIRE

T e l e p h o n e R o t h e r h a m 78181

Telex S4171

BACKER DUO IMMERSION HEATER FOR CHEAPER HOT WATER

Most housewives are aware of the wastefulness of heating a full storage tank when only the top half is needed, and many, particularly those with other off-peak installations, would like to change to 'white meter' water heating without the cost or inconvenience of fitting a new twin side-entry tank. Now, both these problems can be overcome by replacing the existing immersion heater with the Backer Duo Twin-Element Unit available in Pack 527. The long 27" (2 kw) element heats the full tank depth when needed whilst the short 12" (3 kw) element heats only the top portion for normal use. Design features include 18" and 11" thermostats for rapid recovery and an extra long inactive length on the 27" element which, with return bend, ensures uniform water temperature throughout the tank. The advantages of the Backer System to the contractor are : 1. The Duo Unit fits the existing solder flange in the tank eliminating the need to fit a second solder flange. 2. The Duo Unit allows you to offer the housewife a choice of fully-automatic 'white meter' operation, semi-automatic standard tariff operation, time switch control, or manual control. 3. There are many combinations of time/manual switching of the supply to these units to provide the most convenient and economical installation for the individual householder. 4. Only one 20 amp. supply cable is needed, even if the t w o heaters operate simultaneously. 5. You can depend on the Backer reputation for quality of design and components plus expert advice when needed adding up to years of trouble-free, reliable service.

Shaped heat

BACKER ELECTRIC COMPANY LIMITED ROTHERHAM, YORKSHIRE. TEL: 0-709-78181 TELEX: 54161 G.C.32

G.C.30

water boiler elements

For any liquid, Backer immersion elements give exactly the heating required exactly where you want it. In nickel plated copper, Backer elements are the ideal choice for water boilers, processing tanks, plating and pickling vats, sterilizers, steamers, steam-raising equipment, industrial kettles, oil lubrication and storage systems.

a full range of stock sizes

Backer internally mounted rectangular elements are available off the shelf in a range of sizes for side and bottom entry. To prevent overheating, elements are supplied with cut-outs pre-set at 300 F and can be used for boiling under slight pressure conditions. All units are supplied with nickel plate finish, complete with locking ring, one neoprene and one graphited asbestos joint washer. AMP terminals are standard. Matching and sleeved leads are available as extras please quote length required.

Technical service Backer engineers \ rfl assistance to determine the most suitable heal for your applicationmost suitable from a performance, installation cost, operating cost and space utilisation. To gain the full advantage of this design service contact Backer at the earliest design stage of your project.

Special shapes, special sheath materials and special ratings are made to order.

B o t t o m entry
CODE

L inches

Rating kilowatts

2) 4 3 ^
l i

7B7011 7B7012 7B7013

10 11* 12*

2 k W ; 240V 2.5kW; 240V 3kW ; 240V

Side entry U BSP

7B8011

7 10 10

2kW ; 240V 2.5kW ; 240V 3kW ; 240V

2>~t.
tJ A
q||

7B8012 7B8013

i
ii

II

S h a p e d heat

Backer" Electric Company" Limited"

ROTHERHAM YORKSHIRE T e l e p h o n e R o t h e r h a m 78181 T e l e x 54161

BACKER

ELECTRIC COMPANY

LIMITED

GC 26

r
fcEUM

Standard stock elements

METAL SHEATH COMPACTED MAGNESIUM OXIDE TERMINAL POST \ SEAL FLEXIBLE LEAD ORTERMINALS

mnii
EFFECTIVE LENGTH E.L. OVERALL LENGTH O.L.

imsmsmgpmmimmzm^

INACTIVE LENGTH I.L.

TO SUIT

Wherever controlled heat is required up to 700 - in the laboratory or for prototype work - you can meet your needs effectively, quickly and economically by using Backer Standard stock elements. Made by the powder filling process, stock elements are immediately available in lengths and loadings given overleaf. Illustration above shows detail construction of circularsection elements made by the powder filling process. The Backer tubular sheathed elements, 0-250" to 0-333" diameter, are relatively flexible and can be formed cold

around a bending post of minimum diameter listed under 'Minimum Bending I.D.' to any shape best suited for a particular installation. Bends can be formed to within J " of internal end of terminal posts, enabling even complicated shapes to be readily produced.

Element Diameter 0-250" 0-281 " 0-3125" 0-333"

Material 'Incoloy' & S.S. B.W.M.S. Copper B.W.M.S.

Min. Bending I.D.

i"
2 7 8 9 "

16
7 8

B.W.M.S.='Bundyweld' mild steel. S.S.=Stainless Steel.

Bends should commence 1 " or more from the tube end and be designed to ensure that the coil end of the terminal post does not lie nearer than Y to the commencement or completion of a radius.

The table below shows the diameter, length and sheath material of the standard elements available from stock. The rating and watts density are given for operation on

240V and the operating temperature assumes (free air conditions.

Single Elements Element stock Ref ZC1 ZC2 ZC3 ZC4 ZC5 ZC6 ZC7 ZC8 ZC9 ZC10 Element Dia Material Overall Length 3" 1 1 5 | " 4 " H 104i"1" 91 i " 87" 42" 41!" 64" 50!" 90" 441" |" r Effective Minimum Loading Length Bending at I.D. 240v 111i" 99i"
80i" 81 s " X" 2

ULTIMHEAT VIRTUAL

Watts Density per sq in. 35-8w/m* 33'4w/D" 33-1 w / D "

Sheath Temp, in Free air at 240v 680 C 655C 650 C

250" - 0 0 3 " 'INCOLOY' 250" - 0 0 3 " 'INCOLOY' 250" - 0 0 3 " 'INCOLOY' 250" - 0 0 3 " 'INCOLOY'

3130w 261 Ow 2090w

i2" i" 2

1880w
1150w

29'5w/n"
39'1w/n" 18.1W/D" 19-7w/D" 21-4w/D" 34'6w/D" 52-3w/D"

630 C
700 C 520C 530 CC 560C 670C 780C

250" - 0 0 3 " 'INCOLOY' 250" - 0 0 3 " 333" - 0 0 3 " 281" - 0 0 3 " 250" i - 0 0 3 " 3125"-003" STAINLESS STEEL B.W.M.S. B.W.M.S. 'INCOLOY' COPPER

1" f" i* 1 " 471" 86i" 39" 2" 8 i" 2 TV 38i" i2"

545w 1250w 890w 2350w 2000W

If the elements tabled above are operating at too high a temperature or watts density for your application, these may be reduced to enable them to meet your specification by connecting in series. The rating, temperature, and watts density figures are given in the table on the right for the standard elements when connected two in series on 240V.

2 Elements in Series Element Stock Ref. ZC1 ZC2 ZC3 ZC4 Total Loading of 2 Elts. in Series at 240V 1565w 1305w 1045w 940w 575w 272-5w 625w 445w 1175w 10OOw W.D. Sheath Temp, in Free Air at 240V 400 C 385C 380 C 350 C 420C 275C 300 C 320C 390 C 470C

8-95w/CT 8-35w/D" 8-3w/D" 7-4W/CT 9-8w/D" 4-5w/D" 4-9w/Q" 5'35w/D" 8-65W/ET 13-07w/D"

You can select from 4 standard terminations for your Backer stock elements - flexible rope, 2BA screwthread, 3BA flag, and 'AMP' Faston. All these terminals are mounted on insulators and the sketches for each one below show the layout and reference numbers to be quoted on your order. e.g. ZC3/1619 would describe a 2090w 240V elt with overall length of 915" fitted with 2BA screw threaded terminals.

ZC5 ZC6 ZC7 ZC8 ZC9 ZC10

1617 Element w i t h 9" Flexible rope Termination. If required w i t h sleeving quote Ref. No. 1620

1619
Element fitted w i t h I 2BA Termination.

1618
Element w i t h 3BA Flag Termination.

1616

IEE

Element w i t h 'Amp' Faston Termination.

BACKER ELECTRIC C O M P A N Y L I M I T E D Europe's leading heating element specialists Rotherham Yorkshire Telephone : Rotherham 78181

Telex: 54161

G.C.27

Cartridge Heaters
FOR HEATING SOLIDS UP TO 800C in the foundry in process heating in plastic in the laboratory in drying in refrigeration in general
coreplate heating, moulding machine hotplates, sand drying equipment, core blowing machines, shell moulding equipment. disc brakes, impregnated tapes, razor blades. nozzle and barrel heating on extrusion presses, heated dies. flask heating hotplates. tobacco curing hotplates, paper and textile drying components. de-icing commercial refrigerators. branding irons, embossing dies, bottle labelling machines. Rated up to 100 Watts/active inch inserted, these Inconel sheathed cartridge elements are suitable for operation up to 800 C. Designed for 9/16" diameter bores, in lengths from 6" to 4 ' 6".

Backer Electric Company Limited

the most convenient heat scource avail

Requiring only a 9/16" drilled hole in the body to be heated, the Backer cartridge heater is the most effective heat form available. To make up your own industrial hotplates or platens simply obtain 1 " thick cast iron, Stainless Steel or mild steel plate and drill lateral or longitudinal holes for tha heaters. Cartridge heaters for hole sizes from 3/8" to 2" can be supplied if required. In die heating, where the run is continuous, the die base should be thick enough to allow for heater positioningit is considerably more economical to employ built-in heat than to bolt down a die on to a heater plate. The latter method can be used for short runs allowing several designs of die to be clamped to one plate.

The inserted inactive can be made to order. t O paSS through l a n n i l n a m i l f l W K M U heated body without rating of heaters can customers' requirements but a stock is available at 240 volts (see table). N.B.It is important to note that these heaters would overheat if permitted to operate in air and must only be used completely surrounded by metal. TYPICAL APPLICATIONS

PLATEN Inserted Length Active LAGGING

TERMINAL REF. No 1 4 0 3

Specialists in the production of high precisio forgings, Monk Bridge Iron & Steel Company of Leeds, employ special Backer Cartridge Element Assemblies built into each half of the tool set of this 1000-ton press used in the manufacture of turbine and compressor blades The six 2250 watt elements in both top at.d bottom tool sets play a vital role in ensuring accuracy during the forging process of metals such as: Stainless Steel, Nimonic and Titanium

TERMINAL REF. No. 2 4 0

TERMINAL REF. No. 1 0 4 8

TERMINAL REF. No. 1 3 7 3

STOCK
Heater Ref No. when ordering Rating

ELEMENTS
Inserted Length Active Length Terminal Ref. No. 237 238A 238B 239 240 248

STOCK
Material

TERMINALS
Terminal Type OBA Post Flexible* Flexible* 3BA Post Cleat OBA Post 3BA Post Cleat Flexible* Clinched Flexible* OBA Post Max. term. Operating Temperature 350 C 600 C 400 C 350 C 400 C 600 C 600 C 350 C 200 C 200 C 650 C

600W 800W

Brass Nickel Chrome Nickel Brass Stainless Steel Stainless Steel Stainless Steel Brass Sleeved/Nickel Nickel/ glass sleeved Stainless Steel

1000W 1100W
1300W ZA 6 ZA 7 1500W

249 1700W 1048 2000W 1372 ZA 9 ZA 10 2300W 2900W 1373 1403

Illustrated here is a circular saw blade tempering and flattening gough working at 500C in the works of Messrs. R. H. Walker & So Limited of Sheffield. The even heat required ot the working surfaces is obtained by fitting Cartridge Elements of varying length like spokes of a wheel. The flexible terminations are connected to bus bars within the lagging box.

For example: Z A 5 / 2 3 9 is a 1300W Element w i t h a 3 BA brass pillar terminal.

* Quote length required In ambient temperatures above 3 0 0 ' C it is advisable to use stainless Steel terminals.

Shaped heat
BACKER ELECTRIC C O M P A N Y LIMITED ROTHERHAM YORKSHIRE

Two healer plates, each 20 kW rating, are built into each side of this mould and core blowing machine by Polygram Casting Co. Ltd. One operator is able to work two manipulators^ in sequence, one being blown while the shell moulds or cores at the second station are curing.

T e l e p h o n e R o t h e r h a m 78181 T e l e x 54161

G.C.28

Bolt Heat
FOR EXPANSION TIGHTEN, NG AND EXPANSION SLACKENING^

VIRTUAL MUSEUM

BOUTIN

HYDRAULIC P R E S S E S AND OTHER PLANT

Photographs

by courtesy of The English

Electric Co. Ltd.

Backer Electric Company Limited

CONSTRUCTION Backer Bolt Heaters are manufactured to suit the bolt concerned and consist of a D-section Inconel element fitted to a terminal box and handle. The smaller/bore heaters usually have an additional outer sheath of aluminium brass. The active length stretches from the tip of the heater to a point some distance from the stop ring or head plate, determined by thickness of nuts and/or internal threads of the bolt. Diameters can be made as required, but they have to a great extent been standardised and the bores we prefer to match are listed in the adjoining table. SUPPLY CONNECTIONS All heaters are fitted male inlet plug for quick connection to the mains or transformer leads for which corresponding female outlet sockets are available. Current limitations on standard plugs are 25 amps and 50 amps. Other types of connection can be offered for higher current.

RATINGS As it is imperative to heat the bolt as quickl before the frame also expands, in order to acNiridfe the maximum differential expansion, the elemenlts a m r a i r o t t A T at approximately 50 W per square inch, or 30VtMl)tML square inch of bore wall whichever is the lasser. At this load there is considerable danger of burning out if the heater is operated in free air, and the sheaths are designed to be an extremely good push-fit ; not more than 1/64" clearance for single element heaters up to 7/8" bore and 1/32" clearance on 2 or 3 element heaters over 1 " bore. This also ensures efficient conduction from heater to bolt. For applications where 110v low-voltage regulations concerning portable equipment in power stations apply, the current-bearing capacity of the terminals imposes a limit of 5250 W on the larger heaters and 2500 W on the smaller ones. Otherwise, voltages up to 440 can be catered for, and in that case the maximum rating of a larger heater is approximately 10 kW.

OPERATION
PREFERRED BORE SIZES MAX WATTS. PER V ACTIVE MAX. INSERTED LENGTH MAXIMUM LOAD

110/115

200/250

380/440

In many applications two opposite bolts require to be tightened in pairs, and so heaters are normally supplied in sets of two. The important steps in tightening procedure are as follows, and slackening procedure takes the same pattern. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Tighten the bolts cold. Remove plug screws and make sure that the holes are clear and clean. Insert heaters as far as they will go, i.e., up to stop ring or head plate. Switch current on. Tighten nuts as soon as expansion allows enough take-up. Switch off, but do not withdraw for 5 or 10 minutes, so that the heater emerges into free air at a safe temperature. Please send the following details w i t h any Enquiry or Order:
1 Fully dimensioned drawing of bolts or studs and their associated nuts. Details of electricity supply. Expansion requirements.

15/32" 5/8" 41/64" 11/16" 3/4" 49/64" 7/8" 1-1/16" 1-1/8" 1-1/4"

100 120 120 120 140 140 140 200 212 236

511 51| 511 511 511 51| 51 f 524 521 55

2500 W 2500 2500 2500 2500 2500 2500 5000 5000 6750

4500 W 4500 4500 4500 4500 4500 4500 8000 8000 10000

6500 W 6500 6500 6500 6500 6500 6500 10000 10000 10000

Design of special high loaded heaters can be undertaken.

Shaped heat
BACKER ELECTRIC COMPANY LIMITED ROTHERHAM YORKSHIRE

2 3

T e l e p h o n e R o t h e r h a m 78181 T e l e x 54161

Shaped Heat

S AE H PD HA ET FR O I D SR N UT Y

BACKER ELECTRIC C O M P A N Y L I M I T E D . ROTHERHAM, YORKSHIRE, T e l e p h o n e : R o t h e r h a m 78181, Telex : 54161

210 k W T E S T RIG 30 k W 415 V BORE H E A T I N G UNIT

Comprising 21 1340W 240 V elements. The bore heater is placed in the bore of an extrusion press container to pre-heat the container before extrusion commences. Once working temperature is attained, the heater is removed and the billet placed in the container. The photograph shows an experimental test rig which was used for testing the heat transfer properties of a new material which is used as heat insulation material on boilers and pipes in power stations. Our task was to simulate working conditions, this was done by covering the test rig with 70 3 kW elements formed to suit the rig.

50 k W 415 V A I R D U C T HEATER
A 50 kW 415 V Air Duct Heater comprising 51 980 W 415 V elements, duct size 2 4 " x 2 4 " We do not manufacture a standard range but produce units to customers' specific requirements.

2 BORE C A R T R I D G E H E A T I N G UNITS
13-5 kW and 10 kW 2" bore cartridge heaters manufactured to heat and maintain press tool dies at elevated temperatures in the production of turbine blades. We also produce a range of -iV' bore cartridge heaters and bolt heaters for sizes ranging from to bore.

24 k W 110 V HOPPER HEATER

24 kW 1 1 0 V Hopper heating assembly, comprising 12 2 kW elements. This arrangement shows elements clamped to the underside of a hopper to ensure the contents are dry and free-running. This approach has been adopted on grain, sand and chemical containers.

E X T R U S I O N PRESS CONTAINER HEATING

The two illustrations F and G show the two methods of heating on extrusion press containers. The container holds a billet which must be heated to extruding temperature, the two approaches adopted are :

1. Fig. F. Periphery heating shows radiant elements placed around the container.

2. Fig. G. Shows cartridge elements which fit within the container itself. This method has been employed on carbon, aluminium and copper extrusion presses.

8 k W ELECTRICALLY H E A T E D CHEMICAL TANK

8 kW 440 V 3-phase electrically heated chemical tank. The customer requested we should provide the tank heating arrangement, control equipment, etc. The tank contains sodium silicate, which is used to coat sand castings to give a better surface finish. We are able to produce special industrial immersion heaters.

400 W CAST A L U M I N I U M HOTPLATE

400 W 240 V Aluminium cast hotplate. The design illustrates a die cast aluminium hotplate in which the element is cast. This component was manufactured for one of the largest manufacturers of laboratory equipment in the United Kingdom. The groove and recess take the temperature control probe and a rotating magnet. Elements have been cast in aluminium, phosphor bronze and cast iron.

3.36 k W CABLE S I N T E R I N G OVENS

These units were produced for British cable manufacturers and are used to heat shrink PVC outer coating on cable. The process is continuous and the cable passes through the centre of the oven.

Backer Galvanising Zinc Bath Heating Unit

Non-electric Method Direct heat by solid fuel. No accurate temperature control. Stoking and damping necessary. Ambient temperature uncomfortable for operatives. Alternative gas or oil-fired installations are expensive.

Corrosion of Heating Elements Eliminated Accurate Temperature Control 3 C Insulated Against Heat Loss 'Hot-spot' Oxidation Minimised
The Backer Galvanising Zinc Bath Heating Unit consists of a series of Incoloy sheathed elements spaced at equal intervals around the outside of the bath walls but within a highly efficient insulation shield which considerably reduces heat losses a top cover being used to conserve heat between production runs. Delta/star switching allows full element capacity to be used during the warm-up period and part-load operation to maintain the working temperature of 450 C. Accurate temperature control to w i t h i n 3 C is achieved by two thermocouples. One, immersed in the bath, controls zinc temperature and changeover from full to part load. The other is attached to the element sheaths to give high temperature warning. Since the elements do not come into contact with the corrosive molten metal and since the even temperature created throughout the bath minimises 'hot-spot' oxidation of its walls, a long operational life with low maintenance costs is assured. The use of low thermal mass insulation, which cools quickly, gives rapid access when maintenance is required. Initial installation costs are relatively low in comparison with the more complicated gas and oil-fired equipment. If you wish to convert your galvanising operation to electric Heating send details of bath dimensions and throughput to us today. You will receive a design recommendation and quotation which includes installation and commissioning costs. For further information write to:

Short-term Method Electric heating by immersed elements. Corrosion causes early element failure - high maintenance costs.

Mid-term Method Electric heating by element encased in cast iron sheath. Valuable galvanising capacity lost. Heating unit replacement costs are very high.

Backer L o n g - t e r m S y s t e m
^ 1

Shaped heat
BACKER ELECTRIC COMPANY LIMITED ROTHERHAM, YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND Telephone 0-709-78181 Telex 54161

fmmm